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THE DIARY 



OF 



JOHN EVELYN 



(1647 TO 1676) 



THE DIARY 



OF 



JOHN EVELYN 



WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES 

BY 

AUSTIN DOBSON 

HON. LL.D. EDIN. 



IN THREE VOLUMES 
VOL. n 



iLonlion 

MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited 

NEW YORK : THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 

1906 

All righti rettr^td 






HARVARD 

UNIVERSITY 

LIBRARY 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



PORTRAITS 

PAGE 

John Evelyn. From the engraving by William Henry Worthing- 

ton after a portrait by Robert Walker. [Ses p, 6] . FrorUispieoe 

Louis XIV. From the engraving by Robert NanteUil after his 

own drawing ....... 4S 

Mart Evelyn. From an engraving by Henry Meyer after an 

original drawing made by Robert NanteUil at Paris in 1650 . 59 

Catherine of Bbaoanza, Queen Consort of Charles II. From 

the portrait by Dirk Stoop in the National Portrait Gallery . 187 

Edward Hyde, first Earl of Clarendon. From the portrait 

in the National Portrait Gallery by Gerard Soest . 191 

Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich. From the portrait 

by Sir Peter Ldy in the National Portrait Gallery 34T 



MAPS 

Old Whitehall. From J. T. Smith*s reduced copy of Fisher's 

Plan of 1690 217 

Plan of London before the Fire. From an engraving by Wen- 

ceslaus Hollar ....... 853 



TITLE-PAGES 

FACsrwTLE of the Title-Paoe of ** ScuLPruRA,** 1668 189 

Fagbdole of the Tftle-Paoe of «« Sylva,** 1664. [See also p. 195] 809 

Facbdole of the Title-Paoe of '* Navigation and Commerce,** 

1674 371 

V 



vi ILLUSTRATIONS 



VIEWS, Etc. 



PAGB 



View of the Palace of St. Germain (Garden side). From an 

engraving by Perelle after his own drawing . . 17 

Workshop of Abraham Bosse, 1648. From an engraving by 

himself ........ 31 

A View of Depfford Dockyard, 1698. From a drawing in the 

British Museum ....... 65 

WoTTOK House, Surrey, in 1653. From Evelyn's etching; . 69 

A General Prospect of Audley End in Essex. From an 

engraving by Henry Winstanley, 1689 . . . .97 

St. Nicholas* Church, Deptford. From the OentUman'i Magazine 131 

Somerset House, Strand. From an engraving by John Kip after 
a drawing by L. Knyff. [Her$ Henristta Maria resumed 
residence 2nd November, 1660] ..... 155 

Grebham College. From an engraving by J. Taylor after a 

drawing by Samuel Wale ...... 157 

The Banquetino-House at Whitehall, 1713. From an engraving 
by H. Terasson after his own drawing. [The window to the 
left marked *' C.R:' ie that from which Charles I. walked to the 
block; and the initials were added by Vertue to an impression of 
the print in possession of the Socie^ of Antiquaries, (See Sir 
Reginald F, D. Palgrave*s paper on the scaffold and its site in 
the ** Architectural Review ''for March, 1899, pp. 179-184)] . 161 

Two Views of Arundel House, Strand, in 1646. From prints by 

Wenceslaus Hollar ...... 179 

Hampton Court. From an engraving by John Kip after a drawing 

by L. Knyff 187 

Clarendon House, Piccadilly, 1665. From an engraving by 

W. Skillman after a drawing by J. Spilbergh . . . 915 

St. Paul's Cathedral before the Fire (South side). From an 

engraving by Wenceslaus Hollar ..... 950 

A View of London before the Fire. From an engraving by 

Wenceslaus Hollar ...... 957 



THE 

DIARY OF JOHN EVELYN 

1647 : 2Sth January. I changed my lodging in the 
Place de Monsieur de Metz, near the Abbey of 
St Gennain; and thence, on the 12th February, 
to another in Rue Columbier, where I had a very 
fair apartment, which cost me four pistoles per 
month. The 18th, I frequented a course of 
chemistry, the famous Monsieur Lefevre* operating 
upon most of the nobler processes. March 8rd, 
Monsieur Mercure began to teach me on the lute, 
though to small perfection. 

In May, I fell sick, and had very weak eyes ; for 
which I was four times let blood. 

22nd May. My valet (Hebert) robbed me of 
clothes and plate, to the value of threescore 

e>unds ; but, through the diligence of Sir Richard 
rowne,* his Majesty*s Resident at the Court of 
France, and with whose lady and family I had con- 
tracted a great friendship (and particularly set my 
affections on a daughter*), I recovered most of 
them, obtaining of the Judge, with no small 
difficulty, that the process against the thief should 
not concern his life, being his first offence. 

^ [Nicasius or Nicolas Lefevre, d, I669, afterwards Charles 
II.'s professor of chemistry, and apothecary to the Royal House- 
hold. He was an F.R.S. (see poH, under 20th September, 
1662V] 

* [oee ante, vol. i. p. 68.] ' [Mary Browne.] 

VOL. n m B 



2 THE DIARY OF i647 

10th June. We concluded about my marriage, 
in order to which I went to St Germain, where 
his Majesty, then Prince of Wales, had his court, 
to desire of Dr. Earle,^ then one of his chaplains 
(since Dean of Westminster, Clerk of the Closet, 
and Bishop of SaUsbury), that he would accompany 
me to Paris, which he did ; and, on Thursday, 27th 
June 1647, he married us in Sir Richard Browne's 
chapel, betwixt the hours of eleven and twelve, 
some few select friends being present. And this 
being Corpus Christi feast, was solemnly observed 
in this country ; the streets were sumptuously hung 
with tapestry, and strewed with flowers. 

10th September. Being called into England, to 
settle my affairs after an absence of four years, I 
took leave of the Prince and Queen, leaving my 
wife, yet very young,^ under the care of an excellent 
lady and prudent mother. 

4sth October. I sealed and declared my will, 
and that morning went from Paris, taking my 
journey through Rouen, Dieppe, Villedieu, and 
St Valery, where I stayed one day with Mr. 
Waller, with whom I had some afiairs, and for 
which cause I took this circle to Calais, where I 
arrived on the 11th, and that night embarking in 
the packet-boat, was by one o'clock got safe to 
Dover; for which I heartily put up my thanks 
to God who had conducted me safe to my own 

^ John Earle, 1 601-65, finished his education at Merton 
College, Oxford, where he took his degree of Doctor of 
Divinity. He was appointed sub-tutor to Prince Charles, son 
of Charles I., whom he afterwards attended when abroad, as 
chaplain. Returning to England at the Restoration, he was 
successively made Dean of Westminster, Clerk of the Closet, 
Bishop of Worcester, and Bishop of Salisbury. He was the 
author of a Latin translation of the Eikon Beuilike, of Microcot- 
mographfy or a Piece of the World discovered in Essays and Characters, 
l6S8, and of An Elegy on Mr, Fronds Beaumont, 

^ [On her tombstone in Wotton Church she is stated to have 
been '* in the seventy-fourth year of her age " in February, 1709-] 



1647 JOHN EVELYN 8 

country, and been merciful to me through so many 
aberrations. Hence, taking post, I arrived at 
London the next day at evening, being the second 
of October, new style. 

5th October. I came to Wotton, the place of my 
birth, to my brother, and on the 10th to Hampton 
Court,^ where I had the honour to kiss his Majesty's 
hand, and give him an account of several things I 
had in charge, he being now in the power of those 
execrable villains who not long after murdered him. 
I lay at my cousin, Serjeant Hatton's, at Thames- 
Ditton,* whence, on the 18th, I went to London. 

14/A. To Sayes Court,* at Deptford, in Kent 
(since my house), where I found Mr. Pretjrman,* 
my wife's uncle, who had charge of it and the 

^ [The King had been a prisoner at Hampton Court since 
24th August^ but his captivity was not strict. *^ Persons of all 
conditions repaired to his majesty of those who had served him^ 
lords and ladies with whom he conferred without reservation ; 
and the citizens flocked thither^ as they had used to do at the 
end of a progress^ when the king had been some months absent 
from London : but that which pleased his majesty most, was^ 
that his children were permitted to come^ in whom he took great 
delight" (Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, 1888, iv. 250). 
His children were at the Duke of Northumberland's, Syon 
House (see post, imder 7th July, 1665).] 

^ [See ante, vol. i. p. 60.] 

* This is Eveljrn's earliest reference to the habitation in which 
he subsequently lived for forty years. Its name came from the 
Say family, who had owned it in the twelfth century; but 
by the time of James I. it had reverted to the Crown, and was 
occupied by the Brownes, who came from Essex (see post, under 
1 2th March, 1 683> At the death of Sir Richard Browne in 1 604, 
it had passed to his son Christopher, d. l645, and thence to 
Christopher's only son, another Sir Richard Brovme, Evelyn's 
£[&ther-in-law (see ante, voL i. p. 68), at this time, October, 1047, 
English Resident at Paris. After King Charles's death, the 
manor and house were seized by the Commonwealth, and sold. 

gbr the further history of Sayes Court, see post, under 9th 
arch, 1652, and 22nd February, l653.).] 

* [William Pretyman was executor to Christopher Browne 
above mentioned. Mrs. Eveljni's mother was a daughter of Sir 
John Pretyman of Dryfield.] 



4 THE DIARY OF ms 

estate about it, during my father-in-law's residence 
in France. On the 15th, I again occupied my own 
chambers in the Middle Temple. 

9th Naveviber. My sister opened to me her 
marriage with Mr. Glanville.^ 

1647-8 : \Uh January. From London I went 
to Wotton, to see my young nephew ; and thence 
to Baynards* [in Ewhurst], to visit my brother 
Richard. 

5/A FebruariL Saw a tragi-comedy acted in 
the Cock-pit, an;er there had been none of these 
diversions for many years during the war. 

2%th. I went with my noble fiiend, Sir William 
Ducie * (afterwards Lord Downe), to Thistleworth, 
where we dined with Sir Clepesby Crew,* and after- 
wards to see the rare miniatures of Peter Oliver,* 
and rounds of plaster, and then the curious flowers 
of Mr. Barill's garden, who has some good metals 
and pictures. Sir Clepesby has fine Indian hangings, 
and a very good chimney-piece of water-colours, 
by Brueghel, which I bought for him. 

2Qth April. There was a great uproar in London 
that the rebel army quartering at Whitehall would 

?lunder the City, on which there was published a 
Proclamation for all to stand on their guard. 

^ [Jane Eveljrn, who married William Glanville of Devon.] 
^ [Richard Eveljm's house (see post, imder 5th May, 1657/.] 

* The son of Sir Robert Ducie, the wealthy Lord Mayor, 
created a baronet by Charles in 1629 > his only return for about 
£80,000 which Charles I. had borrowed from him. Sir William 
was made one of the Knights of the Bath, and created Viscount 
Downe at the coronation of Charles II. Dying without issue, his 
estates descended to the only daughter of his younger brother, 
whose son was Lord Ducie in 1 720, and from him descended the 
present Earl of Ducie. 

* [Whose " Nuptiall Song " was written by Herrick.] 

* [Peter Oliver, 1 601-60, son of Isaac Oliver, and even mwe 
famous as a miniature painter. He also copied the great masters 
in little (see ootl, under 1st November, 1 660, and 11th May, 
l66l>] 



• •^-■w.^p^^^^^^^^w^^ 



1648 JOHN EVELYN 5 

Uh May. Came up the Essex petitioners for 
an agreement betwixt his Majesty and the rebels. 
The 16th, the Surrey men addressed the Parliament 
for the same ; of which some of them were slain 
and murdered by Cromwell's guards, in the New 
Palace Yard. I now sold the impropriation of 
South Mailing,^ near Lewes, in Sussex, to Mr. 
Kemp and Alcock, for £8000. 

SOth. There was a rising now in Kent, my 
Lord of Norwich being at the head of them. 
Their first rendezvous was in Broome-field, next 
my house at Sayes Court, whence they went to 
Maidstone, and so to Colchester, where was that 
memorable siege.^ 

27M June. I purchased the manor of Hurcott, in 
Worcestershire, of my brother George, for £8800. 

1^ July. I sate for my picture, in which there 
is a Death's head, to Mr. Walker, that excellent 
painter." 

. lOtJu News was brought me of my Lord Francis 
Villiers being slain by the rebels near Kingston.^ 

16^A Av,gust. I went to Woodcote (in Epsom) 
to the wedding of my brother Richard, who 

^ [See ante, vol. i. p. 8,] 

' [The Kentish men were defeated by Fairfax^ 1st June. A 
party of them, under the Earl of Norwich (see anie^ vol. i p. 80), 
tried to enter London^ but were foiled by Skippon. They then 
(12th June) occupied Colchester, which eventually surrendered to 
Fairfax, 27th August] 

« [Robert Walker, d. 1658 ?—" Cromwell's portrait painter." 
His portrait, by himself, is in the Public Dining-Room at 
Hampton Court The likeness of Eveljrn mentioned in the 
text is now in the picture-gallery at Wotton House. It was 
exhibited at South Kensington in 1866. Another portrait of 
Evelyn by Walker, formerly in the possession of Mr. Watson 
Taylor, is engraved by W. H. Worthington in vol. v. (1828) of 
Dallaway's edition of Walpole's Anecdotes ofPamHng, p. 1 71 . See 
frontispiece to this volume, and post, under 6th August, 1650.] 

^ [Younger brother of the Duke of Bucking^ma, 1628-48. 
Clarendon speaks of his ^'rare beauty/' (Hist. Nebellion, 1888, 
iv. S85>] 



6 THE DIARY OF ie48 

married the daughter and co-heir of Esquire Minn, 
lately deceased ; ^ by which he had a great estate 
both in land and money on the death of a brother. 
The coach in which the bride and bridegroom were, 
was overturned in coming home ; but no harm was 
done. 

2Sth AtbgusL To London from Sayes Court, and 
saw the celebrated follies of Bartholomew Fair. 

16M September. Came my lately married brother 
Richard and his wife, to visit me, when I showed 
them Greenwich, and her Majesty's Palace, now 
possessed by the rebels. 

2&th. I went to Albury, to visit the Countess 
of Arundel,^ and returned to Wotton. 

81*^ October. I went to see my manor of 
Preston Beckhelvyn, and the CliflFhouse. 

29th Nmemher. Myself, with Mr. Thomas Offley,' 
and Lady Gerrard, christened my Niece Mary, 
eldest daughter of my brother George Evelyn, 
by my Lady Cotton, his second wife. I presented 
my Niece a piece of Plate which cost me £18, and 
caused this inscription to be set on it : 

In memoriam facti : 
Anno cl3 Ix. xlnx. Cal. Decern, vm. Viiginum castiss: 
Xtianorum innocentiss: Nept: suavis: Mariae, Johan: 
Evelynus Avunculus et Susceptor Vasculum hoc cum 
Epigraphe L M. Q. D. 

Ave Maria Gratia sis plena ; Dominus tecum. 

2nd December. This day I sold my manor of 
Hurcott for £8400 to one Mr. Bridges.^ 

19th. The Parliament now sat up the whole 

^ [George Minn^ or Mynne, of Woodcote. The bride's Chris- 
tian name was Elizabeth.] 

^ [Probably the widow of Thomas, second Earl of Arundel 
(see awUf vol. i. p. 317).] 

3 [Thomas Offley, Groom-Porter. Lady Cotton was daughter 
of Sir Robert Offley, of Dalby, in Leicestershire.] 

* [Ante, p. 5.] 



m9 JOHN EVELYN 7 

night, and endeavoured to have concluded the Isle 
of Wight Treaty ; but were surprised by the rebel 
army ; the Members dispersed, and great confusion 
everywhere in expectation of what would be next 

17 th December. I heard an Italian sermon, in 
Mercers' Chapel,^ one Dr. Middleton, an acquaint- 
ance of mine, preaching. 

\%th. I got privately into the council of the 
rebel army, at Whitehall, where I heard horrid 
villainies. 

This was a most exceeding wet year, neither 
frost nor snow all the winter for more than six 
days in alL Cattle died everywhere of a murrain. 

1648-9: 1^/ January. I had a lodging and 
some books at my father-in-law's house, Sayes 
Court* 

2nd. I went to see my old friend and fellow- 
traveller, Mr. Henshaw,* who had two rare pieces 
of Steenwyck's perspective. 

nth. To London. I heard the rebel, Peters, in- 
cite the rebel powers met in the Painted Chamber,* 
to destroy his Majesty ; and saw that arch-traitor, 
Bradshaw, who not long after condemned him. 

\9tk. I returned home, passing an extraordinary 
danger of being drowned oy our wherries falling 
foul in the night on another vessel then at anchor, 
shooting the bridge at three-quarters' ebb, for which 
His mercy God Almighty be praised. 

21^. Was published my translation of Liberty 



1 



3 

4 



Burned in the fire of 1666.1 



See ofUe, p. S.] • [See ante, vol. i. p. 185.] 

The Painted Chamber^ or St. Edward's Chamber, was in 
the old Palace of the Kings at Westminster. " Here were held 
. . . the private sittings of the High Court of Justice^ for bringing 
Charles 1. to a public trial in Westminster Hall ; here the death- 
warrant of the King was signed by Cromwell^ Dick Ingoldsby, 
and the rest of the regicides ; and here the body of the un- 
fortunate King rested till it was removed to Windsor" (Wheatley 
and Cunningham's London, 1891^ iii. 4).] 



8 THE DIARY OF i649 

and Servitude^ for the preface of which I was 
severely threatened.^ 

22nd January. I went through a course of 
chemistry, at Sayes Court.* Now was the Thames 
frozen over, and horrid tempests of wind. 

The villainy of the rebels proceeding now so far 
as to try, condemn, and murder our excellent King 
on the 80th of this month, struck me with such 
horror, that I kept the day of his martyrdom a fast, 
and would not be present at that execrable wicked- 
ness; receiving tne sad account of it from my 
brother Gteorge, and Mr. Owen,* who came to 
visit me this afternoon, and recounted all the 
circumstances. 

1^ February. Now were Duke Hamilton, the 
Earl of Norwich, Lord Capel, etc., at their trial 
before the rebels* New Court of Injustice.^ 

15th. I went to see the collection of one Treaii, 
a rich merchant, who had some good pictures, 
especially a rare perspective of Steenwyck ; from 
thence, to other virtuosos. 

The painter. La Neve,^ has an Andromeda, but 
I think it a copy after Vandyck from Titian, for 
the original is in France. Webb, at the Exchange, 
has some rare things in miniature, of Bru^heTs» 

1 {''OfLibeHtf and Servitude. Translated out of the French 
into the English Tongue : and dedicated to Geo. Evelyn, Esquire 
[Evelyn's elder brother!. London^ 1649> 12mo." The author 
was F. de La Mothe le Vayer^ and the Dedication is dated 
"Paris, March 25, 1647." In a pencil note in Evelyn's own 
copy he says, " I was like to be call'd in question by the Rebells 
for this booke, being published a few days before his Majesty's 
decollation." It is reprinted in the Miscellaneous Writings^ 1825, 
1-38.1 > [See ante, p. 3.] 

• [Richard Owen of Eltham, 1 606-83, ejected for royalism, 
1643 (see poH, under 18th March, 1649).] 

« nrhe Court sat from 10th Feb. to 6th March (stepoH, p. 10).] 

^ Probably the artist mentioned by Walpole as Cornelius 
Neve, who mrew a portrait of Ashmole. [There was a group of 
himself and his wife and children at Petworth.] 



1649 JOHN EVELYN 9 

also putti^^ in twelve squares, that were plundered 
from Sir James Palmer. 

At Dubois', we saw two tables of putti, that 
were gotten, I know not how, out of the Castle of 
St. Angelo, by old Petit, thought to be Titian's ; 
he had some good heads of Palma, and one of 
Steenwyck. Bellcar showed us an excellent copy 
of his Majesty's Sleeping Venus and the Satyr, 
with other figures; for now they had plundered, 
sold, and dispersed a world of rare paintings of the 
Ejnff's, and his loyal subjects'. After all. Sir 
William Ducie ^ showed me some excellent things 
in miniature, and in oil of Holbein's ; Sir Thomas 
More's head, and a whole-length figure of Ed. VI., 
which were certainly his Majesty's ; also a picture 
of Queen Elizabeth ; the Lady Isabella Thyiine ; a 
rare painting of Rottenhammer, being a Susanna ; 
and a Magdalen of Quintin, the blacksmith ; also a 
Henry VIII,, of Holbein ; and Francis the First, 
rare indeed, but of whose hand I know not 

16th February. Paris being now strictly 
besieged by the Prince de Cond^, my wife being 
shut up with her father and mother, I wrote a 
letter of consolation to her: and, on the 22nd, 
having recommended Obadiah Walker,' a learned 
and most ingenious person, to be tutor to, and travel 
with, Mr. Hillyard's two sons, returned to Sayes 
Court 

2Sth. Came to visit me Dr. Joylifie, discoverer 
of the l}rmphatic vessels, and an excellent 
anatomist^ 

26th. Came to see me Captain George Evelyn,^ 

1 Putti— hoys' heads. ^ [See ante, p. 4.] 

' Eveljrn has added in the margin against Walker's name^ 
''Since an apostate." He was master of University College^ 
Oxford, 1676-89. He died in 1699. 

« TGeorge Joylifie, M.D., 1621-58. His discovery of the 
lymph ducts was published by Francis Glisson in 1654.J 

^ Second son of Sir John Evelyn, of Godstone. 



10 THE DIARY OF im 

my kinsman, the great traveller, and one who 
believed himself a better architect than really he 
was ; witness the portico in the garden at Wotton ; 
yet the great room at Albury is somewhat better 
understood. He had a large mind, but over-built 
everything. 

27tk Pebi^tmry. Came out of France my wife's 
uncle (Paris still besieged), being robbed at sea by 
the Dunkirk pirates : I lost, among other goods, my 
>vife's picture, painted by Monsieur Bourdon.^ 

5th March. Now were the lords murdered in the 
Palace Yard.* 

\%t}i. Mr Owen,* a sequestered and learned 
minister, preached in my parlour and gave us the 
blessed Sacrament, now wtiolly out of use in the 
parish churches, on which the Presbyterians and 
ninatics had usurped. 

2\st. I received letters from Paris from my 
wife, and from Sir Richard [Browne], with whom 
I kept up a political correspondence, with no small 
danger of bemg discovered. 

25th. I heard the Conunon Prayer (a rare thinff 
in these days) in St Peter's, at Paul's Wharf, 
LfOndon; and, in the morning, the Archbishop of 
Armagh, that pious person and learned man, 
Ussher, in Lincoln's Inn ChapeL 

2nd April To London, and inventoried my mov- 
ables that had hitherto been dispersed for fear of 
plundering : wrote into France, touching my sudden 

> [Sebastian Bourdon, d, 1671 ?, '' peinire du Roir The 
picture was subsequently recovered (see post, under 1st February 
and 15th April, 1652).] 

* The Duke of Hamilton^ the Earl of Holland, and Lord 
Capel. The date should be 9th March. 

3 [See ante, p. 8. " You may well imagine, by the manners 
of the people/' writes £vel3ni in 1659) '^and their prodigious 
opinions, that there is no Catechism nor Sacraments duely 
administred : the religion of England is preaching and sitting 
stil on Sundaies " (A Character of England, Mucellaneous Writings, 
1825, p. 153), See also infra, 25th March.] 



1W9 JOHN EVELYN 11 

resolutions of coming over to them. On the 8th» 
again heard an excellent discourse from Archbishop 
Ussher, on Ephes. 4, v. 26-27. 

My Italian collection being now arrived, came 
MouUns, the great chirurgeon, to see and admire 
the Tables of Veins and Arteries, which I purchased 
and caused to be drawn out of several human bodies 
at Padua.^ 

11/A April Received news out of France that 
peace was concluded ; dined with Sir Joseph Evelyn, 
at Westminster ; and on the 18th, I saw a private 
dissection, at Moulins' house. 

nth. I fell dangerously ill of my head ; was 
blistered and let blood behind the ears and fore- 
head : on the 28rd, began to have ease by using the 
fumes of camomile on embers applied to my ears 
after all the physicians had done their best 

2QtL I saw in London a huge ox bred in Kent, 
17 feet in length, and much higher than I could 
reach. 

\2th May. I purchased the Manor of Warley 
Magna, in Essex: in the afternoon went to see 
Giloron s collections of paintings, where I found 
Mr. Endymion Porter,^ of his late Majesty's 
Bedchamber. 

nth. Went to Putney by water, in the barge 
with divers ladies, to see the schools, or Colleges, of 
the young gentlewomen.' 

19th. To see a rare cabinet of one Delabarr, who 
had some good paintings, especially a monk at his 
beads. 

SQth. Un- kingship was proclaimed, and his 



1 

2 



See miie, vol. L p. 315.] 



lElndjmion Porter, 1587-1649, poet and patron of poets.] 
' kept probably by Mrs. Bathsua Makins^ a learned woman of 
that day. She had been preceptress to the Princess Elizabeth, 
King Charles's second daughter, and wrote on education (l673). 
There is a rare portrait of her, by Marshall. 



12 THE DIARY OF 1049 

Majesty's statues thrown down at St Paul's 
Portico, and the Exchange. 

1th Jwie. I visited Sir Arthur Hopton^ 
(brother to Sir Ralph, Lord Hopton, that noble 
hero), who having been Ambassador Extraordinary 
in Spain, sojourned some time with my Father-in- 
law at Paris, a most excellent person. Also Signora 
Lucretia, a Greek Lady, whom I knew in Italy, 
now come over with her husband, an English 
gentleman. Also, the Earl and Countess of 
Arundel, taking leave of them and other friends 
now ready to depart for France.* This night was 
a scuffle between some rebel soldiers and gentlemen 
about the Temple. 

10th. Preached the Archbishop of Armagh in 
Lincoln's-Inn, from Romans 5, verse 18. I 
received the blessed Sacrament, preparatory to my 
journey. 

18/A. I dined with my worthy friend. Sir John 
Owen,* newly freed from sentence of death among 
the Lords that suffered. With him was one 
Carew, who played incomparably on the Welsh 
harp: afterwards, I treated divers ladies of my 
relations, in Spring Garden.^ 

' Sir Arthur Hopton^ 1588-1650^ was uncle — says Forster — 
not brother, to Loid Hopton (so well known for his services 
to Charles in the course of the Civil War); and would have 
succeeded his nephew in the title, as the latter died childless, 
but that Sir ArUiur had himself died two years before liim, 
also without issue. The title became extinct. 

* [See ante, vol. i. p. 810 »."[ 

^ A Royalist officer, 1600-6d, whose life had been forfeited for 
the part he took against the Parliament He was condemned 
with Holland, Capel and the rest Tsee anUy p. 10) ; but was saved 
by the timely interposition of Colonel Hutchinson. The latter 
humanely spoke for him in the House, though Sir John was a 
perfect stranger to him, because he perceived, while the great 
noblemen, his companions, found earnest intercessors, no one 
seemed to know anything of the knight, or would offer a word 
in favour of him. Sir John Owen iSterwards proved himself 
ungrateful. ^ [See poH, under 10th May, 1654.] 



1649 JOHN EVELYN 18 

This night was buried with great pomp, 
Dorislaus,^ slain at the Hague, the villain who 
managed the trial against his sacred Majesty. 

17th June. I got a pass from the rebel 
Bradshaw,^ then in great power. 

20th. I went to Putney, and other places on 
the Thames, to take prospects in crayon, to 
carry into France, where I thought to have them 
engraved." 

2nd July. I went from Wotton to Godstone 
(the residence of Sir John Evelyn),* where was 
also Sir John Evelyn of Wilts, when I took leave 
of both Sir Johns and their ladies. Mem. the 
prodigious memory of Sir John of Wilts' daughter, 
since married to Mr. W. Pierrepont,* and mother 
of the present Earl of Kingston. I returned to 
Sayes Court this night. 

^h. Visited Lady Hatton,* her Lord sojourning 
at Paris with my father-in-law. 

9tL Dined with Sir Walter Pye,^ and my 

^ [Dr. Isaac Dorislaus, 1 595-1 649> who prepared the charge 
of high treason against Charles I. He was assassinated by 
Royalists at the Hague^ when Envoy to the States-General.] 

^ [John Bradshaw^ the regicide^ l602 -59> at this time 
Presiaent of the Council of State (see post, under l7th July^ 
1650>] 

' C^e of these he etched himself. The plate is now at 
Wotton House. 

* rpied 1671J 

^ fWilliam rierrepont was brother of the Marquis of 
Dorchester. Eveljrn^ first Duke of Kingston, his son, was the 
father of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu.] 

^ Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Charles Montagu, and 
niece of Henry Earl of Manchester. She married Sir Chris- 
topher Hatton, 1605-70, — ^made a Knight of the Bath at the 
coronation of Charles I., who, on the 20th of July, 1643, created 
him Baron Hatton, of Kirby, for his devotion to the Royal cause. 
After the Restoration, he was sworn of the Privy Council, and 
appointed governor of Guernsey. 

7 [Probably the son of Sir Walter Pye, 1571-1635. See post, 
under 13th July, l654.] 



14 THE DIARY OF me 

good friend, Mr. Eaton, afterwards a judge, who 
corresponded with me in France. 

llth July. Came to see me old Alexander Ross,^ 
the divine, historian, and poet ; Mr. Henshaw, Mr. 
Scudamore, and other friends, to take leave of me. 

12th. It was about three in the afternoon, I 
took oars for Gravesend, accompanied by my 
cousin Stephens, and sister GlanvUle,* who there 
supped with me and returned ; whence I took post 
immediately to Dover, where I arrived by nine in 
the morning; and, about eleven that night, went 
on board a barque guarded by a pinnace of eight 
guns ; this being the first time the packet-boat 
had obtained a convoy, having several times before 
been pillaged. We had a good passage, though 
chased for some hours by a pirate, but he durst 
not attack our frigate, and we then chased him tiU 
he got under the protection of the Castle at Calais. 
It was a small privateer belonging to the Prince of 
Wales. I carried over with me my servant, 
Richard Hoare, an incomparable vn-iter of several 
hands,' whom I afterwards preferred in the Pre- 
rogative Office,* at the return of his Majesty. 

^ Immortalised in Butler's couplet {HtuUhrcu, Part I. Canto ii. 

IL 1-2): 

There was an ancient sage PkUaMopher^ 
That had read AleoeancUr Ro$$ over. 

He was a Scotchman^ bom in 1591 ; and after receiving an 
education for the churchy took orders^ became master of a free 
school at Southampton^ and preached^ wrote^ and taught with a 
diligence that ought to have obtained him other reputation than 
BuUer's ludicrous lines have bestowed upon him. He died in 
1654. 

* [See ante, p. 4.] 

8 See post, under 17th May, l653.] 

* "Where specimens of his writing in the entry of wills 
about this date may now be seen," says Bray. But a better 
example must be the 12mo Officmm Sanctce ei Indmduce 
TriniiaUs, composed and collected by Evelyn for his annual and 
quotidian use, with Calendars, Tables, etc This is beautifully 
written by Hoare, and is signed by him. It is bound in old 



1649 



JOHN EVELYN 16 



Lady Catherine Scott, daughter of the Earl of 
Norwich,^ followed us in a shallop, with Mr 
Arthur Slingsby, who left England incogiuto. At 
the entrance of the town, the Lieutenant-Governor, 
being on his horse with the guards, let us pass 
courteously, I visited Sir Richard Lloyd, an 
English gentleman, and walked in the church, 
where the ornament about the high altar of black 
marble is very fine, and there is a good picture of 
the Assumption. The citadel seems to be impreg- 
nable, and the whole country about it to be laid 
under water by sluices for many miles. 

IQth July. We departed from Paris, in company 
with that very pleasant lady (Lady Catherine 
Scott) and others. In all this journey we were 
greatly apprehensive of parties, which caused us 
to alight often out of our coach and walk separately 
on foot, with our guns on our shoulders, in all 
suspected places. 

\st August. At three in the afternoon we came 
to St. Denis, saw the rarities of the church and 
treasury ; and so to Paris that evening. 

The next day, came to welcome me at dinner 
the Lord High Treasurer Cottington,* Sir Edward 
Hyde, Chancellor,* Sir Edward Nicholas, Secretary 
of State,* Sir George Carteret, Governor of Jefsey,* 

crimson morocco^ with Eveljm's crest and monogram, and dated 
1650. It was presented by him to Mrs. Godolphin ; and sold 
by Puttick and Simpson, 7th March, 1873, for £36 : 10s., when 
it went back to Wotton House, where it now is.] 

^ His youngest daughter; married to Mr. James Scott, of 
Scott's Hall, Kent, supposed to have been a son of Prince 
Rupert 

' [Francis, Baron Cottington, 1578-1652, ambassador to Spain 
to obtain help for Prince Charles.] 

» [Afterwards first Earl of Clarendon (1609-74). He accom- 
panied Cottington to Spain.] 

* [See aaidty vol. L p. 104.J 

^ Sir George was son ana heir to Helier de Carteret, Deputy- 
governor of Jersey, and grandson of Sir Philip de Carteret, who in 



16 THE DIARY OF i649 

and Dr. Earle,^ having now been absent from my 
wife above a year and a hal£ 

ISth August. I went to St Germain, to kiss 
his Majesty's hand; in the coach, which was 
my Lord Wilmot's,* went Mrs. Barlow, the 
King's mistress' and mother to the Duke of 
Monmouth, a brown, beautiful, bold, but insipid 
creature. 

19th. I went to salute the French King and 

the reign of Elizabeth planted a colony in the island (in which 
his ancestors^ from the time of Edward I.^ had held lands), to 
secure it from the French, who had frequently sought to obtain 
possession of it. The son of the Deputy-governor entered the 
navy at an early age : greatly distinguished himself in the 
service; and attracting the attention of the Duke of Buck- 
ingham, received the appointment from Charles [ I., of Joint- 
governor of Jersey, and G)mptroller of the Navy. Having 
served the King during the civil wars, at the Restoration he was 
returned to Parliament for Portsmouth, and filled the office of 
Treasurer of the Navy. He died in January, 1680. Several 
members of his family distinguished themselves in the wars of 
the seventeenth century, and one of his descendants became a 
celebrated statesman under the first and second Georges. 
^ [See ante, p. 2.] 

* Henry, third son of Charles Viscount Wihnot, of Athlone, 
raised to the English Peerage by Charles I., in June 29, 164S, 
as Baron Wilmot, of Adderbury. He held a conmiand in the 
King's cavalry, in which he served with distinction at the battle 
of Roundway Doune; subsequently assisting Charles H. to 
escape from the field of Worcester; though, according to the 
King's statement to Pepys, it was rather in the way of hiding 
from, than in combating with his enemies. Nevertheless he 
was created Earl of Rochester, December 13, 1652, at Paris, 
where Charles for a short time assumed the privilege of 
sovereignty. He died at Sluys in 1658, and was succeeded by 
his only surviving son, afterwards the notorious Rochester. 

* The lady here referred to was Lucy, daughter of Richard 
Walter, Esq., of Haverfordwest. (See Evelyn's later mention of 
her, under 15th July, l685.) She had two cnildren by the Kinff ; 
James, subsequently so celebrated as the Duke of MoimiouUi, 
and Mary, whose lot was obscure in comparison with that of 
her brother, but of course infinitely happier. She married a 
Mr. William Sarsfield, of Ireland, and after his death, William 
Fanshawe, Esq. 



1649 JOHN EVELYN 17 

the Queen Dowager ; and, on the 21st, returned m 
one of the Queen s coaches with my Lord Germam 
[Jermyn], Duke of Buckingham, Lord Wentworth,* 
and Mr. Crofts, since Lord Crofts, 

7th Septenber. Went with my wife and dear 
cousin to St Germain, and kissed the Queen- 
Mothers hand; dhied with my Lord Keeper and 
Lord Hatton. Divers of the great men or France 
came to see the King. The next day came the 
Prince of Condd Returning to Paris, we went to 
see the President Maison s palace, built castle- wise, 
of a milk-white fine freestone ; the house not vast, 
but well contrived, especially the staircase, and the 
ornaments of putti ^ about it. It is environed in a 
dry moat, the offices under-ground, the gardens 
very excellent with extraordinary long walks, set 
with elms, and a noble prospect towards the forest, 
and on the Seine towards Paris. Take it alto- 
gether, the meadows, walks, river, forest, corn- 
ground, and vineyards, I hardly saw anything 
m Italy exceed it. The iron gates are very 
magnificent. He has pulled down a whole village 
to make room for his pleasure about it. 

12th. Dr. Crei^hton, a Scotchman, and one of 
his Majesty's chaplains, a learned Grecian who set 
out the Council of Florence, preached.* 

ISth. The King invited the Prince of Cond^ to 
supper at St. Cloud ; there I kissed the Duke of 
York's hand in the tennis-court, where I saw a 
&mous match betwixt Monsieur Saumeurs and 
Colonel Cooke, and so returned to Paris. It was 
noised about that I was knighted, a dignity I often 
declined. 

1^ October. Went with my cousin Tuke 

1 [Son of the Earl of Cleveland.] 

2 See ante, p. 9.1 

* [Dr. Robert Creighton, 1593-1672, afterwards Bishop of 
Bath and Welb. He £id been Chaplain to Charles I.] 

VOL. II C 



18 THE DIARY OF i649 

(afterwards Sir Samuel)/ to see the fountains of 
St. Cloud and Rueil; and, after dinner, to talk 
with the poor ignorant and superstitious anchorite 
at Mount Calvary, and so to Paris. 

2nd October. Came Mr. William Coventry 
(afterwards Sir William) * and the Duke*s secretary, 
etc., to visit me. 

Bth. Dined with Sir George Ratcliffe, the 
ffreat favourite of the late Earl of Strafford, 
formerly Lord Deputy of Ireland, decapitated. 

7th. To the Louvre, to visit the Countess of 
Morton, Governess to Madame. 

15^^ Came news of Drogheda being taken by 
the rebels, and all put to the sword, which made 
us very sad, fore-running the loss of all Ireland. 

21^. I went to hear Dr. D'Avinson's lecture 
in the physical jrarden, and see his laboratory, he 
being Prefect of that excellent garden, and Pro- 
fessor Botanicus. 

80^^ I was at the funeral of one Mr. Downes» 
a sober English gentleman. We accompanied his 
corpse to Charenton, where he was interred in a 
cabbage-garden, yet with the office of our church, 
which was said before in our chapel at Paris. Here 
I saw also where they buried the great soldier, 

^ [Colonel Samuel Tuke, of Cressing Temple, Essex^ d. 1674, 
royalist and playwright^ author of the tragi -comedy The 
Adventures of Five Hours, 1663, with which Pepys was highly 
delighted. It was based upon Calderon. Tuke was made a 
baronet in 1664.] 

3 William Coventry, l628?-86, was knighted in 1665. He 
was a member of the Privy Council of Charles II., and Commis- 
sioner of the Navy, but dismissed the Court for sending a 
challenge to the Duke of Buckingham. He was^ says Burnet^ 
" a man of great notions and eminent vertues, the best Speaker 
in the House of Commons^ and capable of bearing the chief 
ministry^ as it was once thought he was very near it " {History 
of His Orvn Time, 1724, L 170). Eveljm, in a subsequent mention 
in his journal, characterises him as '' a wise and witty gentle- 
man." (See under 11th October, l659.) 



i«49 JOHN EVELYN 19 

Gassion, who had a tomb built over him like a 
fountain, the design and materials mean enough. 
I returned to Paris with Sir Philip Musgrave, and 
Sir Marmaduke Langdale, since Lord Langdale. 
— Memorandum, This was a very sickly and mortal 
autunm. 

5th November. I received divers letters out of 
England, requiring me to come over about settling 
some of my concerns. 

1th. Dr. George Morley (since Bishop of 
Winchester) preached in our chapel on Matthew 4, 
verse 8.^ 

\%tk. I went with my father-in-law to see his 
audience at the French Court, where next the 
Pope's Nuncio, he was introduced by the master of 
ceremonies, and, after delivery of his credentials, as 
from our Kin^, since his Father's murder, he was 
most graciously received by the King of France 
and his mother, with whom he had a long audience. 
This was in the Palais Cardinal.' 

After this, being presented to his Majesty and 
the Queen Regent, I went to see the house built 
by the late great Cardinal de Richelieu. The 
most observable thing is the gallery, painted with 
the portraits of the most illustrious persons and 
signal actions in France, with innumerable emblems 
betwixt every table. In the middle of the gallery, 
is a neat chapel, rarely paved in work and devices 
of several sorts of marble, besides the altar-piece 
and two statues of white marble, one of St. John, 
the other of the Vii^n Mary, by Bernini. The 
rest of the apartments are rarely gilded and carved, 
with some good modem paintings. In the presence 

^ [Dr. George Morlej, 1597-1684. He had been ejected in 
1648 ; but performed service for the royalists wherever he 
stayed while abroad. He had been at Oxford with Clarendon, 
Waller, and John Hampden.] 

* [See anUy vol. i. p. 102.J 



20 THE DIARY OF m9 

hang three huge branches of crystaL In the 
French King s bedchamber, is an alcove like an- 
other chamber, set as it were in a chamber like a 
movable box, with a rich embroidered bed. The 
fabric of the palace is not magnificent, being but 
of two stories; but the garden is so spacious as 
to contain a noble basin and fountain continually 
playing, and there is a mall, with an elbow, or 
turning, to protract it. So I left his Majesty on 
the terrace, busy in seeing a buU-baiting, and 
returned home in Prince Edward's coach with Mr. 
Paul, the Prince Elector s agent. 

I9th November. Visited Mr. Waller, where 
meeting Dr. Holden, an English Sorbonne divine, 
we fell into some discourse about religion. 

2Sth December. Going to wait on Mr. Waller, 
I viewed St Stephen's church; the building, 
though Gothic, is full of carving; within it is 
beautiful, especially the choir and winding stairs. 
The glass is well painted, and the tapestry hung up 
this £iy about the choir, representing the conver- 
sion of Constantine, was exceeding rich. 

I went to that excellent engraver, Du Bosse,' 
for his instruction about some difficulties in per- 
spective which were delivered in his book. 

I concluded this year in health, for which I gave 
solemn thanks to Almighty God.^ 

29th. I christened Sir Hugh Rilie's child with 
Sir George KadclifFe in our chapel, the parents 
being so poor that they had provided no gossips, 
so as several of us drawing lots it fell on me, tne 
Dean of Peterborough • (Dr. Cosin) officiating : we 

1 [Abraham Bosse, 1602-76. His TraidS des Mtmiireg de 
Graver en Taille Douce sur rAiT\a]in, etc., an authoritative manual, 
appeared in l645. Bosse was then living at the Rose rouge, tie du 
Patau, devant le Megisserie, where Evelyn may have visited him.1 

' This — says Bray — Eveljrn does not fail to repeat at the end 
of every year, but it will not always be necessary here to insert it. 

• [See post, p. 25.] 



16M JOHN EVELYN 81 

being on the eve of that 

iry. I began this Jubilee with 
J* chapel : dined at my Lady 
Edward Herbert, afterwards 

were the Prince of Cond^ 
ed prisoners to the Bois de 

the evening, came Signor 
Cardinal Mazarin's musicians, 
: name for his knowledge in 
Evife, and sung before divers 
ny chamber. 

it to see the masquerados, 
tic ; but nothing so quiet and 
t Venice. 

ph in Mon»eur del Camp's 
■s of the French and Enghsh 
my Lord of Ossory, and 
Marquis of Ormonde (after- 
ir exercises on horseback in 

!ie intrigueG of Mazarin. Cond£ was 
ear.] 

, Marquis of Oniionde, and Earl of 

In Ute CSvil Wara he exerted him- 

of his master, till obliged to seek 

le. He returned at the Kestoixtion, 

th of Jul^, 1660, raised him to the 

» of Baron Butler And Earl of Bredt- 

the Irish Peerage to the Dukedom of 

ited him to the Lord-LJeutenancj of 

tioned l^ Evelyn, the first was the 

Duke's second son, Thomas, Earl of Ossory, 1634-80, who |Ht>ved 

himself an efficient commander both by sea and land, an able 

statesman, and an accomplished man of letters. According; to 

Anthony Wood, his heroism in the sea-fight with the Dutch, in 

167S, "was beyond the fiction of romance"; and Evelyn's 

correspondence contains earnest tributes to his character. In 

1665, he was summoned to Parliament as Lord Butler, of Hoore 

Parit ; and was afterwards employed as General of Uie Horse, 



22 THE DIARY OF im 

noble equipage, before a world of spectators and 
great persons, men and ladies. It ended in a 
collation. 

25th April I went out of town to see Madrid/ 
a palace so called, built by Francis the First It 
is observable only for its open manner of archi- 
tecture, being much of terraces and galleries one 
over another to the very roof ; and for the materials, 
which are most of earth painted like porcelain, or 
China-ware, whose colours appear very fresh ; but 
is very fragile. There are whole statues and rUievos 
of this pottery, chimney-pieces, and columns both 
within and without. Under the chapel is a chimney 
in the midst of a room parted from the Salle des 
Gardes. The house is n)rtified with a deep ditch, 
and has an admirable vista towards the Bois de 
Boulogne and river. 

90th. I went to see the collection of the famous 
sculptor,' Stefano Delia Bella, returning now into 
Italy, and bought some prints : and likewise visited 
Perelle,' the landscape graver. 

9rd May. At the hospital of La Charity, I saw 
the operation of cutting for the stone. A child of 
eight or nine years old underwent the operation 
with most extraordinary patience, and expressing 

as member of the Privy Council^ and as deputy for his £stther 
in his Irish ffovemment Richard, the yomiger brother of 
Thomas, d, 1d85, also referred to by Evei}!], was created an 
Irish Peer in 1662, by the titles of Baron Butler, Viscount TuUogh, 
and Earl of Arran ; and became an English Peer in 1673, by 
the title of Baron Butler of Weston. He too was deputy for his 
father, and distinguished himself both by sea and land, par- 
ticularly in the naval engagement with the Dutch, in 1673, and 
against the mutinous garrison of Carrickfergus. Evelyn highly 
esteemed this family, and makes frequent allusion to them. 

^ See ante, vol. i. p. 85. 

^ [Le, engraver. Stefano Delia Bella, 1 610-64, was a Floren- 
tine. Richelieu had employed him to make and engrave draw- 
ings of the siege of Arras by the royal army.] 

» [Gabriel PereUe, 1610-75, the '' Hollar of France."] 



1650 JOHN EVELYN 28 

great joy when he saw the stone was drawn. The 
use I made of it was, to give Almighty God hearty 
thanks that I had not been subject to this deplor- 
able infirmity. 

7th May. I went with Sir Richard Browne's lady 
and my wife, together with the Earl of Chesterfield,^ 
Lord Ossory and his brother, to Vambre, a place 
near the city famous for butter : when, coming 
homewards, being on foot, a quarrel arose between 
Lord Ossory and a man in a garden, who thrust 
Lord Ossory from the gate with uncivil language ; 
on which our young gallants struck the fellow on 
the pate, and bade him ask pardon, which he did 
with much submission, and so we parted. But we 
were not gone far before we heard a noise behind 
us, and saw people coming with guns, swords, 
staves, and forks, and who foUowed, flinging stones ; 
on which, we turned, and were forced to engage, 
and with our swords, stones, and the help of our 
servants (one of whom had a pistol) made our 
retreat for near a quarter of a mile, when we took 
shelter in a house, where we were besieged, and at 
length forced to submit to be prisoners. Lord 
Hatton, with some others, were taken prisoners in 
the flight, and his lordship was confined under 
three locks and as many doors in this rude fellow's 
master's house, who pretended to be Steward to 
Monsieur St Germain, one of the Presidents of 
the Grande Chambre du Parlement, and a Canon 
of Notre Dame. Several of us were much hurt 
One of our lackeys escaping to Paris, caused the 

1 Sir Philip Stanhope, 1584-1656, created 7th November, I6I6, 
Baron Stanhope of Shelford; and on the 4th August, 1628, 
Earl of Chesterfield. At the breaking out of hostilities with the 
Parliament, his lordship became a determined partisan for the 
King, and garrisoned his house at Shelford, where his son Philip 
lost nis life, and the place was stormed and burned to the ground. 
Lord Chesterfield at last found safety in flight, and retired to 
France. 



24 THE DIARY OF iwo 

bailiff of St. Germain to come with his guard and 
rescue us. Immediately afterwards, came Monsieur 
St. Germain himself in great wrath» on hearing 
that his housekeeper was assaulted; but when he 
saw the Eling's officers, the gentlemen and noble- 
men, with his Majesty's Resident, and understood 
the occasion, he was ashamed of the accident, 
requesting the fellow's pardon, and desiring the 
ladies to accept their submission and a supper at 
his house. It was ten o'clock at night ere we got 
to Paris, guarded by Prince Griffith (a Welsh hero 
going under that name, and well known in £ngland 
for his extravagancies), together with the scholars 
of two academies, who came forth to assist and 
meet us on horseback, and would fain have alarmed 
the town we received the afiront from: which, 
with much ado, we prevented. 

12th May. Complaint being come to the Queen 
and Court of France of the affiront we had received, 
the President was ordered to ask pardon of Sir R. 
Browne, his Majesty's Resident, and the feUow to 
make submission, and be dismissed. There came 
along with him the President de Thou, son of the 
great Thuanus [the historian], and so all was com- 
posed. But I have often heud that gallant gentle- 
man, my Lord Ossory, affirm solemnly that in all 
the conducts he ever was in at sea or on land (in 
the most desperate of both which he had often 
been) he believed he was never in so much danger 
as when these people rose against us. He used to 
call it the batadle ae Vambre^ and remember it with 
a great deal of mirth as an adventure, en cavalier. 

2Uh. We were invited by the Noble Academies 
to a running at the ring where were many brave 
horses, gallants, and liudies, my lord Stimhope^ 
entertaining us with a collation. 

^ Charles, second Baron Stanhope, of Harrington. He died 
in 1677. Henry, son of Philip, first Earl of Chesterfield, and his 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 26 

12th June. Being Trinity-Sunday» the Dean of 
Peterborough^ preached; after which, there was 
an ordination of two divines, Durel * and Brevint * 
(the one was afterwards Dean of Windsor, the 
other of Durham, both very learned persons). The 
Bishop of Galloway * officiated with great gravity, 
after a pious and learned exhortation declaring the 
wdght and dignity of their function, especially now 
in a time of the poor Church of England's affliction. 
He magnified the sublimity of the calling, from the 
object, viz. the salvation of men's souls, and the 
glory of God ; producing many human instances of 
the transitoriness and vanity of all other dignities ; 
that of all the triumphs the Roman conquerors 
nude, none was comparable to that of our Blessed 
Saviour's, when he led captivity captive, and gave 
gifts to men, namely, that of the Holy Spirit, by 
which his faithful and painful ministers triumphed 
ov^ Satan as oft as they reduced a sinner from the 
error of his ways. He then proceeded to the 
<»dination. They were presented by the Dean in 
their surplices before the altar, the Bishop sitting 
in a chair at one side; and so were made both 
Deacons and Priests at the same time, in regard 
to the necessity of the times, there being so few 

son Philip (subsequently second Earl), also in succession bore the 
title of Lord Stanhope. 

* [Dr. John Cosin, 1594-1672, afterwards Bishop of Durham, 
M^ reputed *' one of the most popish of Anglican divines." He 
W been deprived of his benefices in 1640 by the Long Parlia- 
Q^ent, had come to France in 1643, and was at this date Chaplain 
*o the Anglican royalists at Paris.] 

' [John Durel, 1625-83. He had assisted in the royalist 
^fence of Jersey in 1647. He was not made Dean of Windsor 
«ntU 1677.] 

* [Daniel Brevint or Brevin, l6l6-95. He received a stall 
in Durham Cathedral in l660, and became Dean and Prebendary 
of Lincohi, 1682.] 

* [Thomas SydserfF, 1581-1663, who was made Bishop of 
OAney at the Restoration.] 



26 THE DIARY OF mo 

Bishops left in England, and consequently danger 
of a tailure of both functions. Lastly, they pro- 
ceeded to the Communion. This was aJl performed 
in Sir Richard Browne's chapel, at Paris. 

18th Juiie. I sate to the famous sculptor,^ 
Nanteiiil^ who was afterwards made a knight by 
the French King for his art. He engraved my 
picture in copper. At a future time, he presented 
me with my own picture,* done all with his pen ; 
an extraordinary curiosity. 

2\st. I went to see the Samaritan, or Pump, 
at the end of the Pont Neuf,® which, though 
to appearance promising no great matter, is, be- 
sides the machine, furnished with innumerable 
rarities both of art and nature; especially the 
costly grotto, where are the fairest corals, growing 
out of the very rock, that I have seen ; also great 
pieces of crystal, amethysts, gold in the mine, 
and other metals and marcasites, with two great 
conchas^ which the owner told us cost him 200 
crowns at Amsterdam. He showed us many land- 
scapes and prospects, very rarely painted in minia- 
ture, some wiui the pen and crayon; divers 
antiquities and riUevos of Rome; above all, that, 
of the inside of the Amphitheatre of Titus, incom- 
parably drawn by Monsieur St. Clere* himself: 
two boys and three skeletons, moulded by 
Fiamingo ; a book of statues with the pen made 
for Henry IV., rarely executed, and by which one 
may discover many errors in the taiUe-douce of 
Perrier,* who has added divers conceits of his own 

* [I.e. engraver.] 

> Robert Nanteiiil, 1630-98. He both drew and engraved. 
His portrait of Evelyn is known to connoisseurs as the ^^ petit My 
Lord. " He also drew portraits of Mrs. Evelyn and Sir R. Browne^ 
which are still at Wotton House. 

* [See ante, vol. i. p. 69.] 

^ This was the name of the owner. 

* [Francis Perrier or P^rier («le Bourguignon "), 1590-1650, 



1650 JOHN EVELYN 27 

that are not in the originals. He has likewise an 
infinite collection of taiUe-douces^ richly bound in 
morocco. He led us into a stately chamber furnished 
to have entertained a prince, with pictures of the 
greatest masters, especially a Venus of Pierino del 
Vaga ; the putti carved in the chimney-piece by 
the Fleming; the vases of porcelain, and many 
designed by Raphael ; some paintings of Poussin, 
and Fioravanti;^ antiques in brass; the looking- 
glass and stands rarely carved. In a word, all was 
great, choice and magnificent, and not to be passed 
by as I had often done, without the least suspicion 
that there were such rare thin^ to be seen in that 
place. At a future visit, he showed a new grotto 
and a bathing-place, hewn through the battlements 
of the arches of Pont Neuf, into a wide vault at 
the intercolumniation, so that the coaches and 
horses thundered over our heads. 

21th June. I made my will, and taking leave of 
my wife and other friends, took horse for England, 
paying the messager eight pistoles for me and my 
servant to Calais, setting out with seventeen in 
company well-armed, some Portuguese, Swiss, and 
French, whereof six were captains and officers. 
We came the first night to Beaumont ; next day, 
to Beauvais, and lay at Pois, and the next, without 
dining, reached Abbeville; next, dined at Mont- 
reuil, and proceeding met a company on foot 
(being now within the inroads of the parties which 
dangerously infest this day's journey from St. 
Omer and the frontiers), which we drew very near 
to, ready and resolute to charge through, and 
accordingly were ordered and led by a captain of 
our train; but, as we were on the speed, they 
called out, and proved to be Scotchmen, newly 

a French painter and engraver^ who^ c. l6S5y reproduced the 
principal statues and bas-relie£s at Rome.] 
* [See mUe, vol. i. p. 267.] 



28 THE DIARY OF leso 

raised and landed, and few among them armed. 
This nighty we were well treated at Boulogne. 
The next day, we marched in good order, the 
passage being now exceeding dangerous, and got to 
Calais by a Tittle after two. The sun so scorched 
my face, that it made the skin peel off. 

I dined with Mr. Booth, his Majesty^s agent; 
and, about three in the afternoon, embarked in the 
packet-boat ; hearing there was a pirate then also 
setting sail, we had security from molestation, and 
so with a fair S. W. wind in seven hours we landed 
at Dover. The busy watchman would have us to 
the Mayor to be searched, but the gentleman being 
in bed, we were dismissed. 

Next day being Sunday, they would not permit 
us to ride post, so that afternoon our trunks were 
visited. 

The next morning, by four, we set out for Canter- 
bury, where I met with my Lady Catherine Scott,* 
whom that very day twelve months before I met 
at sea going for France ; she had been visiting Sir 
Thomas Peyton, not far off, and would needs carry 
me in her coach to Gravesend. We dined at 
Sittingboume, came late to Gravesend, and so to 
Deptford, taking leave of my lady about four the 
next morning. 

5th July. I supped in the city with my Lady 
Catherine Scott, at one Mr. Dubois',^ where was a 
gentlewoman called Everard, who was a very great 
chemist. 

Sunday 1th. In the afternoon, having a mind 
to see what was doing among the rebels, then in 
full possession at Whitehall, I went thither, and 
found one at exercise in the chapel, after their 
way; thence, to St. James's, where another was 
preaching in the court abroad. 

^ [See anUy p. 15.] * [See ante, p. 9.] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 29 

I7th July. I went to London to obtain a pass,^ 
intending but a short stay in England. 

25th. I went by Epsom to Wotton, saluting 
Sir Robert Cook and my sister Glanville; the 
country was now much molested by soldiers, who 
took away gentlemen's horses for the service of 
the State, as then called. 

^h Aiigtist. I heard a sermon at the Rolls ; 
and, in the afternoon, wandered to divers churches, 
the pulpits full of novices and novelties.* 

6/A. To Mr. Walker's,* a good painter, who 
showed me an excellent copy of Titian. 

\2th. Set out for Paris, taking post at Graves- 
end, and so that night to Canterbury, where being 
surprised by the souliers, and having only an anti- 
quated pass, with some fortunate dexterity I got 
clear of them, though not without extraordinary 
hazard, having before counterfeited one with 
success, it being so difficult to procure one of the 
rebels without entering into oaths, which I never 
would do. At Dover, money to the searchers and 
officers was as authentic as the hand and seal of 

1 See also anUy p. 13. A copy of it is subjoined: ^^ These 
are to will and require you to permitt and suffer the bearer 
thereof, John Evelyn, Esq**, to transport himselfe, two servants, 
and other necessaryes, unto any port of France, without any your 
letts or molestations, of which you are not to fayle, and for wnich 
this shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at the Councell of 
SUte at Whitehall this 25th of June, 1650. 
*' Signed in the Name and by Order of the Councelle of State, 
appoynted by authority of Parliament, 

^ Jo. Bradshawe, P'sid't. 

" To all Custom", Comptrol*", and Searchers, and 
all other Officers of y* Ports or Customes." 

Under the signature Evelyn has added in his own writing : 
^'The hand of that villain who sentenced our Charles I. of 
B[le8sed] M[emory]." Its endorsement, also in his writing, 
is, "The Passe from the Counsell of Stete l650." 
[See jEHM^, under 14th March, 1652.] 
See ante, p. 5.] 






80 THE DIARY OF im 

Bradshaw himself, where I had not so much as 
my trunk opened. 

18^ August. At six in the evening, set sail for 
Calais ; the wind not favourable, I was very sea-sick, 
coming to an anchor about one o'clock ; about five 
in the morning, we had a long boat to carry us to 
land, though at a good distance ; this we willingly 
entered, because two vessels were chasing us ; but, 
being now almost at the harbour's mouth, through 
inadvertency there brake in upon us two such 
heavy seas, as had almost sunk the boat, I being 
near the middle up in water. Our steersman, it 
seems, apprehensive of the danger, was preparing to 
leap into the sea and trust to swimming, but seeing 
the vessel emerge, he put her into the pier, and so, 
Grod be thanked ! we got to Calais, though wet. 

Here I waited for company, the passage towards 
Paris being still infested with volunteers from the 
Spanish frontiers.* 

IQth. The Regiment of Picardy, consisting of 
about 1400 horse and foot (amongst them was a 
captain whom I knew), being come to town, I took 
horses for myself and servant, and marched under 
their protection to Boulogne. It was a miserable 
spectacle to see how these tattered soldiers pill- 
aged the poor people of their sheep, poultry, com, 
cattle, and whatever came in their way ; but they 
had such ill pay, that they were ready themselves 
to starve. 

As we passed St. Denis, the people were in 
uproar, the guards doubled, and everybodv running 
with their movables to Paris, on an alarm that 
the enemy was within five leagues of them; so 
miserably exposed was even this part of France at 
this time. 

The 80th, I got to Paris, after an absence of 
two months only. 

^ [See anie, vol. L p. 65.] 



i«6o JOHN EVELYN 81 

1st September. My Lady Herbert* invited me 
to dinner; Paris, and indeed all France, being full 
of loyal fugitives. 

Came Mr. Waller to see me, about a child of 
his which the Popish midwife had baptized. 

15th October. Sir Thomas Osborne (afterwards 
Lord Treasurer)' and Lord Stanhope shot for a 
wager of five louis, to be spent on a treat ; they 
shot so exact, that it was a drawn match. 

1^ November. Took leave of my Lord Stan- 
hope,' going on his journey towards Italy; also 
visited my Lord Hatton, Comptroller of his 
Majesty's Household, the Countess of Morton, 
Governess to the Lady Henrietta,* and Mrs. 
Gardner, one of the Queen's Maids of Honour. 

6th. Sir Thomas Osborne supping with us, his 
groom was set upon in the street before our house, 
and received two wounds, but gave the assassin 
nine, who was carried ofi^ to the Charity Hospital 
Sir Thomas went for England on the 8th, and 
carried divers letters for me to my friends. 

16th. I went to Monsieur visse's, the French 
King's Secretary, to a concert of French music and 
voices, consisting of twenty -four, two theorbos, 

1 [See ante, p. 21.1 

s Sir Thomas Osborne, 1631-1712, only son of Sir Edward 
Osborne, 1596-1647, Vice-President of the Council for the North 
of England, and Ldeutenant-General of the Northern Forces. Sir 
Edward had devoted himself to the cause of Charles I., and his 
son followed his example. He shared the same fortune as other 
exiles during the Protectorate, but at the Restoration was amply 
rewarded, dignities and titles being showered upon him with 
excessive liberality. Lord High Treasurer, and Knight of the 
Garter^ he was successively created Baron Osborne, of Kiveton, 
and Viscount Latimer, of Danby; Earl of Danby, Marquis of 
Carmarthen^ and Duke of Leeds, in the English Peerage ; and 
Viscount Dunblane, in the Peerage of Scotland. 

* [See ante, p. 24.] 

* [See atUe, vol. L p. 114. The Princess Henrietta, 1644-70, 
daughter of Charles L, afterwards married, 31st March, 1661, 
to Philip, Duke of Orleans, brother of Louis XIV.] 



82 THE DIARY OF im 

and but one bass viol, being a rehearsal of what 
was to be sung at vespers at St. Cecilia's, on her 
feast, she being patroness of musicians. News 
arrived of the death of the Prince of Orange of 
the small-pox.^ 

14itk December. I went to visit Mr. Ratclifie, 
in whose lodging was an impostor that had like to 
have imposed upon us a pretended secret of multi- 
plying gold ; it is certain he had lived some time 
m Paris in extraordinary splendour, but I found 
him to be an egregious cheat. 

22nd. Came the learned Dr. Boet to visit me. 

81^. I gave God thanks for his mercy and 
protection the past year, and made up my 
accounts, which came this year to 7015 livres, near 
£600 sterling. 

1650-1: 1st January. I wrote to my brother 
at Wotton, about his garden and fountains. After 
evening prayer, Mr. Wainsford called on me : he 
had long been Consul at Aleppo, and told me 
many strange things of those countries, the Arabs 
especially. 

27th. I had letters of the death of Mrs. Newton, 
my grandmother-in-law;' she had a most tender 
care of me during my childhood, and was a woman 
of extraordinary charity and piety. 

29th. Dr. Duncan preached on 8 Matt v. 84, 
showing the mischief of covetousness. My Lord 
Marquis of Ormonde," and Inchiquin,^ come newly 
out of Ireland, were this day at chapeL 

9th Fdyruary. Cardinal Mazarin was proscribed 
by Arr^t du Parlement, and great commotions 
bi^n in Paris. 

29rd. I went to see the Bons Hommes, a 
convent that has a fair cloister painted with the 

1 [William II., d. 6th November, l650.] 
s [See anUy vol. i. p. 8.1 ' [See mUe, p. 21.1 

4 [Murrough O'Brien, first Earl of Inchiquin, 1614-74. J 



M51 JOHN EVELYN 88 

lives of Hermits ; a glorious altar now erecting in 
the chapel ; the garden on the rock with divers 
descents, with a fine vineyard and a deUcate pros- 
pect toward the city. 

24fth February. I went to see a dromedary, a 
very monstrous beast, much like the camel, but 
larger. There was also dancing on the rope ; but, 
above all, surprising to those who were ignorant of 
the address,^ was the water-spouter,* who, drinking 
only fountain-water, rendered out of his mouth in 
several glasses all sorts of wine and sweet waters. 
For a piece of money, he discovered the secret to 
note. 1 waited on Friar Nicholas at the convent 
at ChaUlot, who, being an excellent chemist, 
showed me his laboratory, and rare collection of 
spagyrical ' remedies. He was both physician and 
apothecary of the convent, and, instead of the 
names of his drugs, he painted his boxes and pots 
with the figure of the drug, or simple, contamed 
in them. He showed me as a rarity some ^ of 
antimony : ^ he had cured Monsieur Senatin of a 
desperate sickness, for which there was building a 
monumental altar that was to cost £1500. 

llth March. I went to the Chdtelet,* or prison, 
where a malefactor was to have the question, or 
torture, given to him, he refusing to confess the 
robbery with which he was charged, which was 
thus : they first bound his wrist with a strong rope, 

* f" Address " must here mean "method of procedure."] 

^ [Florian Marchand. He is said to have come from Tours 
to London in l650. He had learned his trick of an Italian, 
one Bloise [? Blash de Manfre], from whom Mazarin had extorted 
his secret There is a long ^and rather nauseous) account of 
Marchand's modus operandi in Wilson's Wonderful Characters ; and 
there is a 4to portrait of him by Richardson.] 

* [Of, or pertaining to chemistry (Bailey u 

^ A supposed preparation of this is alleged to have been that 
which was afterwards perfected by Dr. Robert James, 1705-76,. 
whose name it still bears. 

* [See anUy vol. i. p. 77.] 

VOL. II D 



84 THE DIARY OF lesi 

or small cable» and one end of it to an iron ring 
made fast to the wall, about four feet from the 
floor, and then his feet with another cable, fastened 
about five feet farther than his utmost length to 
another ring on the floor of the room. Thus 
suspended, and yet lying but aslant, they slid a 
horse ^ of wood under the rope which bound his 
feet, which so exceedingly stiffened it, as severed 
the fellow's joints in miserable sort, drawing him 
out at length in an extraordinary manner, he having 
only a pair of linen drawers on his naked body. 
Then, tney questioned him of a robbery (the 
Lieutenant being present, and a clerk that wrote), 
which not confessing, they put a higher horse under 
the rope, to increase the torture and extension. 
In this agony, confessing nothing, the executioner 
with a horn (just such as they drench horses with) 
stuck the end of it into his mouth, and poured the 
quantity of two buckets of water down his throat 
and over him, which so prodigiously swelled him, 
as would have pitied and affrighted any one to see 
it ; for all this, he denied all that was charged to 
him. They then let him down, and carried him 
before a warm fire to bring him to himself, being 
now to all appearance dead with pain. What be- 
came of him, I know not; but the gentleman 
whom he robbed constantly averred him to be the 
man, and the fellow's suspicious pale looks, before 
he knew he should be racked, betrayed some guilt ; 
the Lieutenant was also of that opinion, and told 
us at first sight (for he was a lean, dry, black 
young man) he would conquer the torture ; and so 
it seems they could not hang him, but did use in such 
cases, where the evidence is very presumptive, to 
send them to the galleys, which is as bad as death. 
There was another malefactor to succeed, but 
the spectacle was so uncomfortable, that I was not 

^ [A wedge or support] 



i«6i JOHN EVELYN 86 

able to stay the sight of another. It represented 
yet to me the intolerable sufferings which our 
Blessed Saviour must needs undergo, when his 
body was hanging with all its weight upon the 
nails on the cross. 

20th March. I went this night with my wife 
to a ball at the Marquis de Crevecoeur s, where 
were divers Princes, Dukes, and great persons; 
but what appeared to me very mean was, that it 
b^an with a puppet-play. 

6th May. I attended the Ambassador to a 
masque at Court, where the French King in 
person danced five entries; but being engaged in 
discourse, and better entertained with one of 
the Queen-Regent's Secretaries, I soon left the 
entertainment. 

nth. To the Palace Cardinal, where the Master 
of the Ceremonies placed me to see the royal 
masque, or opera. The first scene represented 
a chariot of singers composed of the rarest voices 
that could be procured, representing Cornaro^ and 
Temperance; this was overthrown by Bacchus 
and nis revellers; the rest consisted of several 
entries and pageants of excess, by all the elements. 
A masque representing fire was admirable; then 
came a Venus out of me clouds. The conclusion 
was a heaven, whither all ascended. But the glory 
of the masque was the great persons performing in 
it, the French King, his brother the Duke of Anjou, 
with all the grandees of the Court, the King per- 
forming to the admiration of all. The music was 
twenty -nine violins, vested a T antique^ but the 
habits of the masquers were stupendously rich and 
glorious. 

2Qrd. I went to take leave of the ambassadors for 
Spain, which were my Lord Treasurer Cottington 

^ Lewis Comaro, 1467-1566, the famous Venetian writer on 
Temperance. 



86 THE DIARY OF iwi 

and Sir Eldward Hyde;^ and, as I returned, I 
visited Mr. Morine's ^ garden, and his other rarities, 
especially corals, minerals, stones, and natural 
curiosities; crabs of the Red Sea, the body no 
bigger than a small bird's e^, but flatter, and the 
two legs, or claws, a foot in length. He had 
abundance of shells, at least 1000 sorts, which 
furnished a cabinet of great price ; and had a very 
curious collection of scarabees, and insects, of 
which he was compiling a natural history. He had 
also the pictures of his choice flowers and plants in 
miniature. He told me there were 10,000 sorts of 
tulips only. He had taiUe-dcmces out of number ; 
the head of the Rhinoceros bird, which was very 
eirtravagant, and one butterfly resembling a perfect 
bu^ 

25th May. I went to visit Mr. Thomas White, 
a learned priest and famous philosopher,' author of 
the book De Mundo^ with whose worthy brother 
I was well acquainted at Rome. I was showed a 
cabinet of maroquin, or Turkey leather, so curiously 
inlaid with other leather, and gilding, that the 
workman demanded for it 800 livres. 

The Dean (of Peterborough) preached on the 
feast of Pentecost, perstringing tiiose of Geneva 
for their irreverence of the Blessed Virgin.* 

4Ah June. Trinity-Sunday, I was absent from 
church in the afternoon on a charitable afiair for 
the Abbess of Boucharvant, who but for me 
had been abused by that chemist, Du Menie.^ 

^ [See ante, p. 15.] * See ante, vol. L p. 101. 

* A native of Essex^ 1593-1676, educated abroad. His family 
being Roman Catholic^ he became a priest of that church, and 
sub-rector of the college at Douay. He advocated the Cartesian 
philosophy, and this brought him into an extensive correspond- 
ence with Hobbes and Descartes, in the course of which he 
Latinised his name into Thomas Albius. 

* P* Censuring " or "reproving," from the Latin /i^rf^rmgo.] 
^ Perhaps the impostor of p. 32 {ante). 



1651 JOHN EVELYN 87 

Ketuming, I stept into the Grand Jesuits, who*had 
this high day exposed their ciborium [pyx^ made all 
of solid gold and imagery, a piece of infinite cost. 
Dr. Croydon, coming out of Italy and from Padua, 
came to see me, on Ms return to England. 

5th June. I accompanied my Lord Strafford,^ 
and some other noble persons, to hear Madam 
Lavaran sing, which she did both in French and 
Italian excellently well, but her voice was not 
strong. 

Ith. Corpus Christi Day, there was a grand 
procession, all the streets tapestried, several altars 
erected there, full of images, and other rich 
furniture, especially that before the Court, of a 
rare design and architecture. There were abund- 
ance of excellent pictures and great vases of silver. 

l^th. I went to see the collection of one 
Monsieur Poignant, which for variety of agates, 
crystals, onyxes, porcelain, medals, statues, riuevas, 
paintings, taiUe-aouces^ and antiquities, might com- 
pare with the Italian virtuosos. 

21^^. I became acquainted with Sir William 
Curtius,^ a very learned and judicious person of 
the Palatinate. He had been scholar to Alstedius, 
the Encyclopedist, was well advanced in years, and 
now Resident for his Majesty at Frankfort 

2nd July. Came to see me the Earl of Strafford, 
Lord Ossory and his brother. Sir John Southcott, 
Sir Edward Stawell, two of my Lord Spencer's 
sons, and Dr. Stewart,® Dean of St. Paul's, a 
learned and pious man, where we entertained the 
time upon several subjects, especially the affairs 
of England, and the lamentable condition of our 

1 This was William, d. l695, the eldest son of the Earl who 
was executed ; but he was not restored to his father's titles till 
the Restoration. 

a [See port, under 8th October, 1664.] 

' [Died in November of this year (see post, under l6th 
November, l651).] 



88 THE DIARY OF 166I 

Church. The Lord Gerard ^ also called to see my 
collection of sieges and battles. 

21^/ July. An extraordinary fast was cele- 
brated in our Chapel, Dr. Stewart, Dean of St. 
Paul's, preaching. 

2nd August. I went with my wife to Conflans, 
where were abundance of ladies and others bathing 
in the river ; the ladies had their tents spread on 
the water for privacy. 

29/^ Was kept a solemn fast for the calami- 
ties of our poor Church, now trampled on by the 
rebels. Mr. Waller, being at St Germain, desired 
me to send him a coach from Paris, to bring my 
wife's god-daughter to Paris,* to be buried by the 
Common Prayer. 

6/A September. I went with my wife to St. 
Germain, to condole with Mr. Waller's loss. I 
carried with me and treated at dinner that excel- 
lent and pious person the Dean of St. Paul's, Dr. 
Stewart, and Sir Lewis Dyve (half-brother to the 
Earl of Bristol),* who entertained us with his 
wonderful escape out of prison in Whitehall, the 
very evening before he was to have been put to 

^ Charles Gerard^ d. 1694^ created Baron Gerard^ of Brandon, 
in 1645, for his services to Charles I. By Charles II. he was 
raised to the dignity of Viscount Brandon^ and Earl of Maccles* 
field, in 1679. 

^ [See aniey p. 31.] 

* [Sir Lewis Yyjv^y 1599-1669. His mother's second 
husband was Sir John. Digby, afterwards Earl of Bristol. As a 
royalist Sir I^wis had a chequered career. In August, 1645, he 
was taken prisoner at the siege of Sherborne Castle by Fairfax, 
and sent to the Tower, where he remained for two years. From 
the Tower he was removed to the King's Bench, whence he made 
his escape 15th January, 1648, and wrote a 4to account of the 
manner of it. He was subsequently taken prisoner at Preston, 
and escaped again 30th January, l649> as above narrated. He 
then served in Ireland; but of his later life little is recorded* 
Carlyle speaks of him as '^a thrasonical person known to the 
readers of Evelyn " (Cromwell's Letters and Speeches, Letter xxx.). 
See elsoposty under 3rd December, 1651.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 89 

death, leaping down out of a jakes two stories 
high into the Thames at hiirh water, in the coldest 
of winter, and at night ; sols by swimming he got 
to a boat that attended for him, though he was 
guarded by six musketeers. After this, he went 
about in woman's habit, and then in a small-coal- 
man's, travelling 200 miles on foot, embarked for 
Scotland with some men he had raised, who coming 
on shore were all surprised and imprisoned on the 
Marquis of Montrose s score ; he not knowing any- 
thing of their barbarous murder of that hero. 
This he told us was his fifth escape, and none less 
miraculous; with this note, that the charging 
through 1000 men armed, or whatever danger 
could befall a man, he believed could not more 
confound and distract a man's thoughts than the 
execution of a premeditated escape, the passions of 
hope and fear being so strong. This knight was 
indeed a valiant gentleman ; but not a little given 
to romance, when he spake of himself. I returned 
to Paris the same evening. 

1th September. I went to visit Mr. Hobbes, 
the famous philosopher of Malmesbury,^ with 
whom I had long acquaintance. From his window, 
we saw the whole equipage and glorious cavalcade 
of the young French Monarch, Louis XIV., pass- 
ing to Parliament, when first he took the kmgly 
government on him, now being in his 14th year, 
out of his minority and the Queen Regent's pupil- 
lage. First, came the captain of the King's Aids, 
at the head of 50 richly liveried ; next, the Queen- 
Mother's light horse, 100, the lieutenant being all 
over covered with embroidery and ribbons, having 

1 [Thomas Hobbes, the philosopher, 1588-1679. He resided 
at Paris from 1641 to l652(see poH,\xTider 14th December^ 1655)^ 
having been, in his own words, *' the first of all that fled." His 
Lemathan was printed at London in 1 651, in the middle of which 
year it appeared {Hobbes, by Sir Leslie Stephen, 1904, pp. 27, 
40>] 



40 THE DIARY OF mi 

before him four trumpets habited in black velvet, 
full of lace, and casques of the same. Then, the 
King's light horse, 200, richly habited, with four 
trumpets in blue velvet embroidered with gold, 
before whom rid the Count d'Olonne, coronet 
[cornet], whose belt was set with pearL Next 
went the grand Pr^vdt's company on foot, with 
the Pr^vdt on horseback ; after them, the Swiss in 
black velvet toques, led by two gallant cavaliers 
habited in scarlet-coloured satin, after their country 
fashion, which is very fantastic ; he had in his cap 
a panache of heron, with a band of diamonds, and 
about him twelve little Swiss boys, with halberds. 
Then, came the Aide des C&^07ues; next, the 
grandees of court, governors of places, and lieuten- 
ants-general of Provinces, magnificently habited 
and mounted ; among whom I must not forget the 
Chevalier Paul,^ famous for many sea-fights and 
signal exploits there, because it is said he had 
never been an Academist, and yet governed a 
very unruly horse, and besides his rich suit his 
Malta Cross was esteemed at 10,000 crowns. 
These were headed by two trumpets, and the whole 
troop, covered with gold, jewels, and rich capari- 
sons, were followed by six trumpets in blue velvet 
also preceding as many heralds in blue velvet seni^ 
with fleurs-de-lis, caduces in their hands, and velvet 
caps on their heads ; behind them, came one of the 
masters of the ceremonies ; then, divers marshals 

1 [The Chevalier Paul de Saumur, 1597-1667, a French 
admiral, famous for his victories in the Mediterranean over the 
Spaniard and the Turk. He died Commandant Maritime of 
Toulon^ where he was visited by Louis XIV. It was of him 
that Chapelle and Bachaumont wrote in their Voyage en 
Provence : — 

Cwt €€ Paul dant Vexp^rUnce 

Oourmande la mer $t Is veiU ; 

Donl U honhewr ei la vaillanee 

lUndmU formidabU la France 

A ioui lit pmiplei du Levant, etc.] 



iwi JOHN EVELYN 41 

and many of the nobility, exceeding splendid ; be- 
hind them Count d'Harcourt, grand Ecuyer, alone, 
carrying the King's sword in a scarf, which he 
held up in a blue sheath studded with fleurs-de-lis ; 
his horse had for reins two scarfs of black taffeta. 
Then came abundance of footmen and pages of 
the King, new-liveried with white and red feathers ; 
next, the garde du corps and other officers ; and, 
lastly, appeared the King himself on an Isabella 
barb,^ on which a housing semee with crosses of 
the Order of the Holy Ghost, and fleurs-de-lis ; 
the King himself like a young Apollo, was in a 
suit so covered with rich embroidery, that one 
could perceive nothing of the stuff under it ; he 
went almost the whole way with his hat in hand, 
saluting the ladies and acclamators, who had filled 
the windows with their beauty, and the air with 
Vive le BoL He seemed a prince of a grave yet 
sweet countenance. After the King, followed 
divers great persons of the Court, exceeding 
splendid, also his esquires ; masters of horse, on foot ; 
then the company of Exempts des Gardes^ and six 
guards of Scotch. Betwixt their files were divers 
princes of the blood, dukes, and lords; after all 
these, the Queen's guard of Swiss, pages, and foot- 
men; then, the Queen-Mother herself, in a rich 
coach, with Monsieur, the King's brother, the 
Duke of Orleans, and some other lords and ladies 

^ \Le, between white and yellow in colour. "Isabella, 
daughter of Philip 11.^ and wife of the Archduke Albert [see 
ante, vol. i. p. 54]^ vowed not to change her linen till Ostend was 
taken ; this siege^ unluckily for her comfort^ lasted three years 
[l601-4] ; and the supposed colour of the archduchess's linen 
gave rise to a fashionable colour^ hence called L*Isabeau, or 
the Isabella" (Disraeli's Curiosities of Literature, 1824, i. S81> 
** RieH," adds Littr^, who repeats the story in his Dictionary, " ne 
garantit cette Mstoriette," Curtains of " Isabella and white sarsnet " 
are mentioned in the inventory of Ham House (see post, 27th 
August, l678); and there is a pale Himalayan bear, known from 
its hue as the " Isabelline bear."] 



^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^•^^^^^ ■^fc^^^^r^^^^^^W^ i»^ B^p^^^^^l 



42 THE DIARY OF lesi 

of honour. About the coach, marched her Exempts 
des Gardes ; then, the company of the King's Gens 
dwrmeSy well mounted, 150, with four trumpets, and 
as many of the Queen's; lastly, an innumerable 
company of coaches full of ladies and gallants. In 
this equipage, passed the monarch to the Parliament, 
henceforth exercising his kingly government 

1th September [?]. I accompanied Sir Richard 
Browne, my father-in-law, to the French Court, 
when he had a favourable audience of the French 
King, and the Queen, his mother ; congratulating 
the one on his coming to the exercise of his royal 
charge, and the other's prudent and happy adminis- 
tration during her late regency, desiring both to 
preserve the same amity for his master, our King, 
as they had hitherto done, which they both 
promised, with many civil expressions and words 
of course upon such occasions. We were accom- 
panied both going and returning by the Introductor 
of Ambassadors and Aid of Ceremonies. I also 
saw the audience of Morosini, the Ambassador of 
Venice, and divers other Ministers of State from 
German Princes, Savoy, etc Afterwards, I took 
a walk in the King's gardens, where I observed 
that the mall goes the whole square there of 
next the wall, and bends with an angle so made as 
to glance the wall ; the angle is of stone. There is 
a basin at the end of the garden fed by a noble 
fountain and high jetto. There were in it two or 
three boats, in which the King now and then rows 
about. In another part is a complete fort, made 
with bastions, graft, half-moons, ravelins, and 
furnished with great guns cast on purpose to 
instruct the King in fortification. 

22n^ Arrived the news of the fatal battle at 
Worcester,^ which exceedingly mortified our ex- 
pectations. 

^ [Srd September.] 



My'/f. [.:„„„,i 



1651 JOHN EVELYN 48 

2Sth September. I was showed a collection of 
books and prints made for the Duke of York. 

1^ October. The Dean of Peterborough^ 
preached on Job xiii. verse 15, encouraging our 
trust in God on all events and extremities, and for 
establishing and comforting some ladies of great 
quality, who were then to be discharged from our 
Queen- Mother's service, unless they would go 
over to the Romish Mass. 

The Dean, dining this day at our house, told 
me the occasion of publishing those Offices, which 
among the puritans were wont to be called Cosins 
cozening Devotions^ by way of derision.^ At the 
first coming of the Queen into England, she and 
her French ladies were often upbraiding our religion, 
that had neither appointed nor set forth any hours 
of prayer, or breviaries, by which ladies and 
courtiers, who have much spare time, might edify 
and be in devotion, as they had. Our Protestant 
ladies, scandalised it seems at this, moved the 
matter to the King; whereupon his Majesty 
presently called Bishop White to him, and asked 
his thoughts of it, and whether there might not be 
found some forms of prayer proper on such occasions, 
collected out of some already approved forms, that 
so the court-ladies and others (who spend much 
time in trifling) might at least appear as devout, 
and be so too, as the new-come-over French ladies, 
who took occasion to reproach our want of zeal 
and religion. On which, the Bishop told his 
Majesty that it might be done easily, and was very 

^ [See ante, p. 25.] 

* [The Collection of PrmUe Devotiont, 1627, was compiled, as 
hereittter explained, by request of Charles I. It was Pr3rnne 
who, in his " brief survey " of the book, gave them the above 
nickname. Dr. Cosin is fi*equently mentioned both in the 
Diary and Letters of Evelyn, and had a veiy good library, for 
the purchase of which Evelyn was at one time in treaty (see 
post, under 15th April, 1652).] 



44 THE DIARY OF iwi 

necessary; whereupon the Kmg commanded hhn 
to employ some person of the clergy to compile 
such a W ork, and presently the Bishop naming Dr. 
Cosin, the King enjoined him to charge the Doctor 
in his name to set about it immediately. This the 
Dean told me he did; and three months after, 
bringing the book to the King, he commanded the 
Bishop of London to read it over, and make his 
report; this was so well liked, that (contrary to 
former custom of doing it by a chaplain) he would 
needs give it an imprimatur under his own hand. 
Upon this, there were at first only 200 copies 
printed; nor, said he, was there anything in the 
whole book of my own composure, nor md I set 
any name as author to it, out those necessary 
prefaces, etc, out of the Fathers, touching the times 
and seasons of prayer ; all the rest being entirely 
translated and collected out of an Office published 
by authority of Queen Elizabeth, anno 1560, and 
our own Liturgy. This I rather mention to justify 
that uidustrious and pious Dean, who had exceed- 
ingly sufiered by it, as if he had done it of his own 
head to introduce Popery, from which no man was 
more averse, and one who in this time of temptation 
and apostasy held and confirmed many to our 
Church.^ 

29th October. Came news and letters to the 
Queen and Sir Richard Browne (who was the 
first that had intelligence of it) of his Majesty's 
miraculous escape after the fight at Worcester; 
which exceedingly rejoiced us. 

^ The Clergy who attended the English Court in France at 
this time, and are mentioned to have officiated in Sir Richard 
Browne's Chapel, were : The Bishop of GaUoway (p. 25) ; Dr. 
George Morley (p. 19); Dr* Cosin^ Dean of Peteihorou^, after- 
wards Bishop of Durham (p. 25) ; Dr. Stewart (p. 38) ; Dr. Earle 
p. 2) ; Dr. Clare (see above) ; Dr. Wolley, no great preacher 
p. 48); Mr. Crowder; Dr. William Lloyd^ Bishop oi Llandaff; 
Mr. HamOton ; Dr. Duncan (p. 32). 



\ 



, ■ ^ _ 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 45 

1th November. I visited Sir Kenelm Digby,^ 
with whom I had much discourse on chemical 
matters. I showed him a particular way of ex- 
tracting oil of sulphur, and he gave me a certain 
powder with which he affirmed that he had fixed 
9 (mercury) before the late King. He advised 
me to try and digest a little better, and gave me 
a water which he said was only rain-water of the 
autumnal equinox, exceedingly rectified, very 
volatile; it had a taste of a strong vitriolic, 
and smelt like aqua-fortis. He intended it for 
a dissolvent of calx of gold ; but the truth is. Sir 
Kenelm was an arrant mountebank.^ Came news 
of the gallant Earl of Derby's execution by the 
rebels.* 

lUh. Dr. Clare preached on Genesis xxviii. 
verses 20, 21, 22, upon Jacob's vow, which he 

^ [See aaUf vol. i. p. 46. He (Digby), says his biographer, was 
at this date, ^^ nominally, if not actually. Chancellor to Queen 
Henrietta Maria."] 

' [He seems, at any rate, to have been as much '' given to 
romance " as his kinsman, Sir Lewis Dyve : witness the following 
from Lady Anne Fanshawe's Memoirs, 1829, pp. 72-78 : — " When 
we came to Calais, we met the Earl of Strafford and Sir Kenelm 
Digby, with some others of our coimtiymen. We were all feasted 
at the Governor's of the castle, and much excellent discourse 
passed ; but, as was reason, most share was Sir Kenelm Digby's, 
who had enlarged somewhat more in extraordinary stories than 
might be averred, and all of them passed with sreat applause 
and wonder of the French then at table ; but the concluding 
one was, that barnacles, a bird in Jersey, was first a shell-fish to 
appearance, and from that, sticking upon old wood, became in 
time a bird. Afrer some consideration, they unanimously burst 
out into laughter, believing it altogether false ; and, to sav the 
truth, it was the only thing true he had discoursed with them ; 
that was his infirmity, though otherwise a person of most 
excellent parts, and a very fine -bred gentleman." (Unfortu- 
nately, the barnacle stoiy also is a " vulgar error.").] 

* [James Stanley, seventh Earl of Derby, 1607-51, was taken 
prisoner after the battle of Worcester, and beheaded at Bolton, 
15th October, dying, says Whitelocke, ''with stoutness and 
Christian-like temper."] 



46 THE DIARY OF 166I 

appositely applied, it being the first Sunday his 
Majesty came to chapel after his escape. I went, 
in the afternoon, to visit the Earl of Norwich ; ^ he 
lay at the Lord of Aubigny's.* 

l^th November. Visited Dean Stewart,' who had 
been sick about two days ; when, going up to his 
lodging I found him dead ; which affected me much, 
as besides his particular afiection and love to me, he 
was of incomparable parts and great learning, of 
exemplary life, and a very great loss to the whole 
churcn. He was buried the next day with all our 
church's ceremonies, many noble persons accompany- 
ing the corpse. 

nth. I went to congratulate the marriage of 
Mrs. Gardner, maid of honour, lately married to 
that odd person. Sir Henry Wood : but riches do 
many things. 

To see Monsieur Lefevre's course of chemistry,* 
where I found Sir Kenelm Digby, and divers 
curious persons of learning and quality. It was 
his first opening the course and preliminaries, in 
order to operations. 

1st December. I now resolved to return to 
England. 

Qrd. Sir Lewis Dyve* dined with us, who 
relating some of his adventures, showed me divers 
pieces of broad gold, which, being in his pocket in 
a fight, preserved his life by receiving a musket- 
bullet on them, which deadened its violence, so 

1 [See ante, vol. i. p. SO.] 

^ [Brother to the Duke of Lennox, and afterwards Lord 
Abnoner to Catherine of Braganza (see also post, 1 1th January, 
1662, and 9th June, l664).] 

« [See ante, p. 38.] * [See ante, p. 1.] 

^ [See ante, p. 38. There are some very interesting 
Biographical Memoirs of Sir Lewis Dtp>e, by John Gough Nichols, 
in uie Gentleman s Magazine for July-October, 1829- In one or 
two minute details, they correct £vel3m. There are also three 
letters to Dyve in the Epistoke Ho'Eluma.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 47 

that it went no farther ; but made such a stroke 
on the gold as fixed the impressions upon one 
another, battering and bending several of them ; 
the bullet itself was flatted, and retained on it the 
coloiu" of the gold. He assured us that of a hundred 
of them, which it seems he then had in his pocket, 
not one escaped without some blemish. He 
affirmed that his being protected by a Neapolitan 
Prince, who connived at his bringing some horses 
into France, contrary to the order of the Viceroy, 
by assistance of some banditti, was the occasion of 
a difference between those great men, and con- 
sequently of the late civil war in that kingdom, the 
Viceroy having killed the Prince standing on his 
defence at his own castle. He told me that the 
second time of the Scots coming into England, the 
Song was six times their number, and might easily 
have beaten them ; but was betrayed, as were all 
other his designs and counsels, by some, even 
of his bedchamber, meaning M. Hamilton,^ who 
copied Montrose's letters from time to time when 
his Majesty was asleep. 

11th December. Came to visit me, Mr. Obadiah 
Walker,* of University College, with his two pupils, 
the sons of my worthy friend, Henry Hulyard, 
Esq.,' whom I had recommended to his care. 

21st. Came to visit my wife, Mrs. Lane,* the 
lady who conveyed the King to the sea-side at his 
escape from Worcester. Mr. John Cosin, son of 
the JDean, debauched by the priests, wrote a letter 

^ [James Hamilton^ third Marquis^ and first Duke of Hamilton^ 
1606-49. See ante, under 5th March, l649.] 

* [See ante, p. 9*] 

* Of East Horsley in Surrey. 

^ Jane Lane, afterwards Lady Fisher, d, l689> sister of 
Colonel Lane, an English officer in the army of Charles H. 
dispersed at the battle of Worcester. She assisted the King in 
effecting his escape after that battle, his Majesty travelling with 
her disguised as her serving-man, William Jackson. 



48 THE DIARY OF i653 

to me to mediate for him with his fietther.^ I 
prepared for my last journey, being now resolved 
to leave France altogether. 

25th December. The King and Duke received 
the Sacrament first by themselves, the Lords 
Byron and Wilmot holding the long towel all 
along the altar. 

26th. Came news of the death of that rebel, 
Ireton.' 

81^^. Preached Dr. WoUey,* after which was 
celebrated the Holy Communion, which I received 
also, preparative of my journey, being now resolved 
to leave France altogether, and to return God 
Almighty thanks for His gracious protection of me 
this past year. 

1651-2: 2nd Jarmary. News of my sister 
Glanville's death in childbed, which exceedingly 
affected me.* 

I went to one Mark Antonio, an incomparable 
artist hi enamelling. He wrought by the lamp 
figures in boss, of a large size, even to the life, so 
that nothing could be better moulded. He told us 
stories of a Genoese jeweller, who had the great 
arcanum^ and had made projection before him 
several times. He met him at Cyprus travelling 
into Egypt ; in his return from whence, he died at 
sea, and the secret with him, that else he had 
promised to have left it to him; that all his 
effects were seized on, and dissipated by the Greeks 
in the vessel, to an immense value. He also affirmed, 
that being in a goldsmith's shop at Amsterdam, a 
person of very low stature came in, and desired the 
goldsmith to melt him a pound of lead ; which done, 

1 Seepoff, under 13th April, l652. 

* [Henry Ireton, 1611-51, died of the plague, 15th November, 
l651, after the capture of limerick (see posi, under 6th March, 
1652).1 

• [See arUey p. 44 n.] 

^ [Jane Evelyn (see on/e, p. 4).] 



1652 JOHN EVELYN 49 

he unscrewed the pommel of his sword, and takmg 
out of a little box a small quantity of powder, 
casting it into the crucible, poured an ingot out, 
which when cold he took up, saying, " Sir, you will 
be paid for your lead in the crucible," and so went 
out immediately. When he was gone the goldsmith 
found four ounces of good gold in it ; but could 
never set eye again on the uttle man, though he 
sought all the city for him. Antonio asserted this 
with great obtestation ; nor know I what to think 
of it, there are so many impostors and people who 
love to tell strange stories, as this artist did, who 
had been a great rover, and spoke ten different 
languages. 

ISth January. I took leave of Mr. Waller, who, 
having been proscribed by the rebels, had obtained 
of them permission to return, was going to England.^ 

29th. Abundance of my French and English 
friends and some Germans came to take leave of 
me, and I set out in a coach for Calais, in an 
exceeding hard frost which had continued some 
time. We got that night to Beaumont ; 80th, to 
Beauvais ; 81st, we found the ways very deep with 
snow, and it was exceeding cold ; dined at Poix ; 
lay at Pem^e, a miserable cottage of miserable 
people in a wood, wholly unfurnished, but in a 
little time we had sorry beds and some provision, 
which they told me they hid in the wood for fear 
of the frontier enemy, the garrisons near them con- 
tinually plundering what they had. They were 
often infested with wolves. I cannot remember 
that I ever saw more miserable creatures. 

1st February. I dined at Abbeville ; 2nd, dined 
at Montreuil, lay at Boulogne ; 8rd, came to Calais, 
by eleven in the morning; I thought to have 
embarked in the evening, but, for fear of pirates 

^ [He had been pardoned (November, 1651) by Cromwell's 
influence.] 

VOL. II E 



50 THE DIARY OF i652 

plying near the coast, I durst not trust our small 
vessel, and stayed till Monday following, when two 
or three lusty vessels were to depart. 

I brought with me from Paris Mr. Christopher 
Wase, sometime before made to resign his Fellow- 
ship in King's College, Cambridge, because he would 
not take the Covenant He had been a soldier in 
Flanders, and came miserable to Paris. From his 
excellent learning, and some relation he had to Sir 
R. Browne, I bore his charges into England, and clad 
and provided for him, till he should find some better 
condition ; and he was worthy of it^ There came 
with us also Captain Griffith,* Mr. Tyrell, brother 
to Sir Timothy Tyrell, of Shotover (near Oxford).' 

At Calais, I dined with my Lord Wentworth,* 
and met with Mr. Heath,^ Sir Richard Lloyd,* 
Captain Paine, and divers of our banished friends, 
of whom understanding that the Count d'Estrades, 
Governor of Dunkirk, was in the town, who had 
bought my wife's picture, taken by pirates at sea 
the year before (my wife having sent it for me in 
England), as my Lord of Norwich had informed 
me at Paris, I made my address to him, who frankly 
told me that he had such a picture in his own bed- 
chamber amongst other ladies, and how he came 
by it ; seeming well pleased that it was his fortune 
to preserve it for me, and he generously promised 
to send it to any friend I had at Dover ; I mentioned 
a French merchant there, and so took my leave.^ 

^ Evelyn afterwards obtained an employment for him (see 
post, imder 30th May^ l652). He was later headmaster of 
Dedham and Timbridge Schools^ and^ during 1 67 1-90^ superior 
of the University Press at Oxford. He died in I69O. 

* [Perhaps the Prince Griffith of Vambre (see ante, p. 24).] 

* See post, under 24th October, l664.] 

* See anle, p. 17.] 

^ See post, under 14th August, l654.] 

* See ante, p. 15.] 

7 The picture was sent accordingly (see post, imder 15th April, 
1652> 



1652 JOHN EVELYN 51 

Qtk February. I embarked early in the packet- 
boat, but put my goods in a stouter vessel It was 
calm, so that we got not to Dover till eight at night 
I took horse for Canterbury, and lay at Rochester ;. 
next day, to Gravesend, took a pair of oars, and 
landed at Sayes Court, where I stayed three days 
to refresh, and look after my packet and goods, 
sent by a stouter vessel. I went to visit my cousin,. 
Richard Fanshawe,^ and divers other friends. 

%th March. Saw the magnificent funeral of that 
arch-rebel, Ireton, carried in pomp from Somerset 
House to Westminster, accompanied with divers 
regiments of soldiers, horse and foot ; then marched 
the mourners. General Cromwell (his father-in-law),^ 
his mock-parliament-men, officers, and forty poor 
men in gowns, three led horses in housings of black 
cloth, two led in black velvet, and his charging-horse,. 
all covered over with embroidery and gold, on 
crimson velvet; then the guidons, ensigns, four 
heralds, carrying the arms of the State (as they 
called it), namely, the red cross of Ireland, with 
the casque, wreath, sword, spurs, etc. ; next, a 
chariot canopied of black velvet and six horses, in 
which was the corpse; the pall held up by the 
mourners on foot ; the mace and sword, with other 
marks of his charge in Ireland (where he died of 
the plague), carried before in black scarfs. Thus, 
in a grave pace, drums covered with cloth, soldiers 
reversing their arms, they proceeded through the 
streets in a very solemn manner. This Ireton was 
a stout rebel, and had been very bloody to the 
King's party, witness his severity at Colchester^ 

^ [Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1 608-66, afterwards the translator 
of the Jjiuiad of Camoens. He had been taken prisoner at 
Worcester (see fxw<, under 23rd April, l66l, and 5th August, 
1662).1 

^ [Ireton had married Cromwell's eldest daughter Bridget, 
15th June, l646. She subsequently became the second wife 
of Fleetwood.] 



52 THE DIARY OF 1662 

when in cold blood he put to death those gallant 
gentlemen, Sir Charles Lucas and Sir U^eorge 
Lisle. ^ My cousin, R, Fanshawe,* came to visit 
me, and inform me of many considerable affairs. 
Sir Henry Herbert * presented me with his brother 
my Lord Cherbury's Dook, De Veritate.^ 

9th Maixh. I went to Deptford, where I made 
preparation for my settlement, no more intending 
to go out of England, but endeavour a settled life, 
either in this or some other place, there being now 
so little appearance of any change for the better, 
all being entirely in the rebels' hands; and this 
particular habitation and the estate contiguous to 
it (belonging to my father-in-law, actually in his 
Majesty's service) very much suffering for want of 
some friend to rescue it out of the power of the 
usurpers, so as to preserve our interest, and take 
some care of my other concerns, by the advice and 
endeavour of my friends I was advised to reside in 
it, and compound with the soldiers. This I was 
besides authorised by his Majesty to do, and 
encouraged with a promise that what was in lease 
from the Crown, if ever it pleased God to restore 
him, he would secure to us in fee-farm. I had 
also addresses and cyphers, to correspond with his 
Majesty and Ministers abroad : upon all which 
inducements, I was persuaded to settle henceforth 
in England, having now run about the world, most 
part out of my own country, near ten years. I 

^ [Sir George Lisle and Sir Charles Lucas were shot by 
Ireton (27th August^ 1648) in virtue of the Parliamentary Ordi- 
nance of 8th December, 1046 (see post, under 8th July, 1656).] 

2 [See anUf p. 51.] 

8 fSir Henry Herbert, 1595-1673. He was Master of the 
Revels under Charles L and Charles IL (see post, under 8th 
February, l665\] 

« [First pubUshed at Paris in 1624; at London in l645. It 
is said to be the earliest purely metaphysical work by an 
Englishman.] 



1652 JOHN EVELYN 58 

therefore now likewise meditated sending over for 
my wife, whom as yet I had left at Paris. 

lUh March. I went to Lewisham, where I 
heard an honest sermon on 1 Cor. ii. 5-7, being 
the first Sunday I had been at church since my 
return, it being now a rare thing to find a priest of 
the Church of England in a parish pulpit, most of 
which were filled with Independents and Fanatics.^ 

15th. I saw the Diamond and Ruby launched 
in the Dock at Deptford, carrying forty -eight 
brass cannon each; Cromwell and his grandees 
present, with great acclamations. 

ISth. That worthy divine, Mr. Owen, of Eltham,* 
a sequestered person, came to visit me. 

19th. Invited by Lady Gerrard,* I went to 
London, where we had a great supper; all the 
vessels, which were innumerable, were of porcelain, 
she having the most ample and richest collection 
of that curiosity in England. 

22nd. I went with my brother Evelyn to 

1 [See ante, p. 10. In A Character of England, Evelyn enlarges 
upon this theme : — " I had sometimes the curiosity to visit the 
several worships of these equivocal Christians and enthusiasts. 
. . . Form^ they observe none. They pray and read without 
method, and indeed, without reverence or devotion. I have 
beheld a whole congregation sit with their hats on, at the read- 
ing of the Psalms, and yet bare-headed when they sing them. 
In divers places they read not the Scriptures at all ; but up into 
the pulpit, where they make an insipid, tedious, and im- 
methodical prayer, in phrases and a tone so affected and 
mysterious, that they give it the name of canting, a term by 
which they do usually express the gibberish of beggars and 
vagabonds ; after which, there follows uie sermon (which, for the 
most part, they read out of a book), consisting (like their prayers) 
of speculative and abstracted notions and things, which, nor the 
people nor themselves well understand : but these they extend 
to an extraordinary length and Pharisaical repetitions. . . . The 
Minister uses no habit of distinction, or gravity, but steps up 
til querpo [in ordinaiy costume] ; and when he laies by his cloak 
(as I have observed some of them) he has the action rather of a 
preacher than a divine" (Miscellaneous Writings, 1825, pp. 152-53).] 

* [See ante, p. 10.] * [See ante, p. 6.] 



M THE DIARY OF i0i>2 

Wotton, to give him what directions I was able 
about his garden, which he was now desirous to 
put into some form; but for which he was to 
remove a mountain overgrown with huge trees and 
thicket, with a moat within ten yards of the house. 
This my brother immediately attempted, and that 
without great cost, for more than a hundred yards 
south, by digging down the mountain, and flmging 
it into a rapid stream; it not only carried away 
the sand, etc., but filled up the moat, and levelled 
that noble area, where now the garden and fountain 
is.^ The first occasion of my brother making this 
alteration was my building the little retiring-place 
between the great wood eastward next the meadow, 
where, some time after my father s death, I made a 
triangular pond, or little stew, with an artificial 
rock, after my coming out of Flanders. 

29th March. I heard that excellent prelate, the 

frimate of Ireland (Jacobus Ussher)^ preach in 
iincoln's Inn, on Heb. iv. 16, encouraging of 
penitent sinners. 

5th April My brother George brought to 
Sayes Court Cromwell's Act of Oblivion to all that 
would submit to the Government^ 

18th. News was brought me that Lady Cotton, 
my brother George's wire, was delivered of a son.* 

I was moved by a letter out of France to publish 
the letter which some time since I sent to Dean 
Cosin's proselyted son ; but I did not conceive it 
convenient, for fear of displeasing her Majesty, the 
Queen.* 

^ The fountain still remains. 

* [James Ussher^ 1581-1656^ Archbishop of Armagh from 
1625/1 

* [The Act of Amnesty, 24th February, which pardoned all 
State offences previous to the Battle of Worcester^ with some 
exceptions.] 

^ [Evelyn's pedigree gives no account of this son.] 

* [From a letter written by Dean Cosin to Evelyn from Paris, 



im JOHN EVELYN 55 

15th April I wrote to the Dean, touching my 
buying his library, which was one of the choicest 
collections of any private person in England.^ 

The Count dEstrades most generously and 
handsomely sent me the picture of my wife from 
Dunkirk,^ m a large tin case, without any charge. 
It is of Mr. Bourdon, and is that which has the 
dog in it, and is to the knees, but it has been 
something spoiled by washing it ignorantly with 
soap-suds. 

25th. I went to visit Alderman Kendrick, a 
fanatic Lord Mayor, who had married a relation of 
ours, where I met with a Captain who had been 
thirteen times to the East Indies. 

29th. Was that celebrated eclipse of the sun, 
so much threatened by the astrologers, and which 
had so exceedinirly alarmed the whole nation that 
baldly any one would work, nor stir out of their 
houses. So ridiculously were they abused by 
knavish and ignorant star-gazers I 

We went this afternoon to see the Queen's 
house at Greenwich,* now given by the rebels 
to Bulstrode Whitelocke,* one of their unhappy 
counsellors, and keeper of pretended liberties. 

10th May. Passing by Smithfield, I saw a 
miserable creature burning, who had murdered her 

3rd Aprils l652, it would seem that Prince Charles himself dis- 
couraged the publication, as the Queen (Henrietta Maria) " had 
been pleased to interest herself in the matter " of the conversion.] 
^ [See ante, p. 43 it. The above letter refers also to this 
subject.] 

* See ante, p. 50 n. 

* [Greenwich Palace, which had been greatly improved by 
Henrietta MariaJ 

* [Bulstrode Whitelocke, 1605-75. He is described by Mr. 
G. W. Trevelyan as " a Puritan lawyer and constitutionalist^ veiy 
much at sea under Cromwell^ and trying to serve his country in 
strange times." His Memorials of English Affairs, 1625-60, 
published l682, constitute a valuable contemporary record. In 
1653-54 he was ambassador to Sweden.] 



56 THE DIARY OF 1662 

husband. I went to see some workmanship of 
that admirable artist, Reeves, famous for perspec- 
tive, and turning curiosities in ivory. 

29th May. I went to give order about a coach to 
be made against my wife's coming, being my first 
coach, the pattern whereof I brought out of Paris. 

SOtk. I went to obtain of my Lord Devonshire ^ 
that my nephew, George,^ might be brought up 
with my young Lord, his son, to whom I was 
recommending Mr. Wase.' I also inspected the 
manner of camletting silk and grograms at one 
Monsieur La Dora's in Moorfields, and thence 
to Colonel Morley,* one of their Council of State, 
as then called, who had been my schoolfellow, to 
request a pass for my wife's safe landing, and the 
goods she was to bring with her out of France ; 
which he courteously granted, and did me many 
other kindnesses, that was a great matter in those 
days. 

In the afternoon, at Charlton church, where I 
heard a Rabbinical sermon. Here is a fair monu- 
ment in black marble of Sir Adam Newton,* who 
built that fair house near it for Prince Henry, 
and where my noble friend. Sir Henry Newton, 
succeeded him.* 

1 William Cavendish, third Earl of Devonshire, 1 6X7-84. 
" My young Lord," with whom Eveljm desired that his nephew 
George might ^* be brought up," was the Earl's only son, William, 
1640-1707, created l694 Marquis of Hartington, and Duke of 
Devonshire. 

* [George Evelyn (d. 1676) was the eldest son of Evelyn's 
elder brother by his first wife, Mary Caldwell, d. 1644.] 

* [See ante, p. 50.] 

* [Colonel Herbert Morley, l6l6-67, a Parliamentary officer. 
He had been Evelyn's schoolmate at Lewes.] 

^ Adam Newton (d. 1630) was tutor and afterwards secretary 
to Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James L, who, in l620, 
created him a baronet. [Charlton Church, Kent (St Luke's), was 
erected by his trustees. His monument in the N. aisle of the 
chancel is by Nicholas Stone.] 

^ [Sir Henry Newton, afterwards Puckering, l6l 8-1 701, was 



1652 JOHN EVELYN 57 

8rd June. I received a letter from Colonel 
Morley to the Magistrates and Searchers at Rye» 
to assist my wife at her landing, and show her all 
civility. 

4itk I set out to meet her now on her journey 
from Paris, after she had obtained leave to come 
out of that city, which had now been besieged 
some time by the Prince of Condi's army in the 
time of the rebellion, and after she had been 
now near twelve years from her own country, that 
is, since five years of age,^ at which time she went 
over. I went to Rye to meet her, where was an 
embargo on occasion of the late conflict with the 
Holland fleet, the two nations being now in war, 
and which made sailing very unsafe. 

On Whit Sunday, I went to the church (which 
is a very fair one), and heard one of the canters,^ 
who dismissed the assembly rudely, and without 
any blessing. Here I stayed till the 10th with no 
small impatience, when I walked over to survey 
the ruins of Winchelsea, that ancient cinq-port, 
which by the remains and ruins of ancient streets 
and pubUc structures, discovers it to have been 
formerly a considerable and large city.* There are 
to be seen vast caves and vaults, walls and towers, 
ruins of monasteries and of a sumptuous church, 
in which are some handsome monuments, especially 
of the Templars, buried just in the manner of 
those in the Temple at London. This place being 
now all in rubbish, and a few despicable hovels 

Sir Adam's only son. Charlton House, said to have been built 
by Inigo Jones^ is south of St Luke's Church (see pott, under 
9th June, 1653).] 
^ [See ante, p. 2.] 

'See ante, p. 53 it.] 

'" That poor skeleton of ancient Winchelsea," John Wesley 
calls it. Under a large ash tree by the side of its ruined 
church of St. Thomas, on the 7th October, 1790, he preached his 
last outdoor sermon (Journal, 1901, iv. 475).] 



3 
8 



58 THE DIARY OF i0i>2 

and cottages only standing, hath yet a Mayor.^ 
The sea, which formerly rendered it a rich and 
commodious port, has now forsaken it 

11th June. About four in the afternoon, being 
at bowls on the green, we discovered a vessel 
which proved to be that in which my wife was, 
and which got into the harbour about eight that 
evening, to my no small joy. They had been 
three days at sea, and escaped the Dutch fleet, 
through which they passed, taken for fishers, 
which was great good fortune, there being seven- 
teen bales of furniture and other rich plunder, 
which I bless God came all safe to land, together 
with my wife, and my Lady Browne, her mother, 
who accompanied her. My wife being discom- 
posed by having been so long at sea, we set not 
forth towards home till the 14th, when hearing the 
small-pox was very rife in and about London, and 
Lady Browne having a desire to drink Tunbridge 
waters, I carried them thither, and stayed in a 
very sweet place, private and refreshing, and took 
the waters myself till the 28rd, when I went to 
prepare for their reception, leaving them for the 
present in their little cottage by the Wells. 

The weather being hot, and having sent my 
man on before, I rode negligently under favour of 
the shade, till, within three miles of Bromley, at a 
place called the Procession Oak, two cut-throats 
started out, and striking with long staves at the 
horse, and taking hold of the reins, threw me 
down, took my sword, and haled me into a deep 
thicket, some quarter of a mUe from the highway, 
where they might securely rob me, as they soon 
did. What they got of money, was not consider- 
able, but they took two rings, the one an emerald 

^ [Which functionaiy, according to Murray's Suffolk, 1893, 
p. 20, has, nevertheless, one of the oldest (Tudor) civic maces 
in existence.] 



1652 JOHN EVELYN 59 

with diamonds, the other an onyx,^ and a pair of 
buckles set with rubies and diamonds, which were 
of value, and after all bound my hands behind me, 
and my feet, having before pulled off my boots ; 
they then set me up against an oak, with most 
bloody threats to cut my throat if I offered to cry 
out, or make any noise ; for they should be within 
hearing, I not being the person they looked for. 
I told them that if they had not basely surprised 
me they should not have had so easy a prize, and 
that it would teach me never to ride near a hedge, 
since, had I been in the mid-way, they durst not 
have adventured on me; at which they cocked 
their pistols, and told me they had long guns, too, 
and were fourteen companions. I begged for my 
onyx, and told them it being engraved with my 
arms would betray them ; but nothing prevailed. 
My horse's bridle they slipped, and searched the 
saddle, which they pulled off, but let the horse 
^raze, and then turning again bridled him and tied 
lim to a tree, yet so as he might graze, and thus 
left me bound. My horse was perhaps not taken, 
because he was marked and cropped on both ears, 
and well known on that road. Left in this manner, 
grievously was I tormented with flies, ants, and 
the sun, nor was my anxiety Uttle how I should 
get loose in that solitary place, where I could 
neither hear nor see any creature but my poor 
horse and a few sheep struggling in the copse. 

After near two hours attempting, I got my 
hands to turn pahn to palm, having been tied back 
to back, and then it was long before I could slip 
the cord over my wrists to my thumb, which at 
last I did, and then soon unbound my feet, and 
saddling my horse and roaming a while about, I at 

1 [This seal, described in Evelyn's will as his " fine Onix Seale, 
set in Gold in fleure work, with my Cjrfer and Armes inamelFd," 
is figured at p. 31, vol. v., of Brayley's Surrey, 1850.] 



60 THE DIARY OF 1662 

last perceived dust to rise, and soon after heard 
the rattling of a cart, towards which I made, and, 
by the help of two countrymen, I got back into 
the highway. I rode to Colonel Blount's, a great 
lusticiary of the times, who sent out hue and cry 
immediately. The next morning, sore as my wris^ 
and arms were, I went to London, and got 500 
tickets printed and dispersed by an officer of 
Goldsmiths' HaU. and within two days had tidings 
of all I had lost, except my sword, which had a 
silver hilt, and some trifles. The rogues had 
pawned one of my rings for a trifle to a goldsmith s 
servant, before the tickets came to the shop, by 
which means they escaped; the other ring was 
bought by a victualler, who brought it to a gold- 
smith, but he having seen the ticket seized the 
man. I afterwards discharged him on his protesta- 
tion of innocence. Thus did God deliver me from 
these villains, and not only so, but restored what 
they took, as twice before he had graciously done, 
botn at sea and land ; I mean when I had been 
robbed by pirates, and was in danger of a consider- 
able loss at Amsterdam; for which, and many, 
many signal preservations, I am extremely obliged 
to give thanks to God my Saviour. 

25th June. After a drought of near four 
months, there fell so violent a tempest of hail, 
rain, wind, thunder, and lightning, as no man had 
seen the like in his age; the hail being in some 
places four or five inches about, brake all glass 
about London, especially at Deptford, and more 
at Greenwich. 

29th. I returned to Tunbridge, and again drank 
the water, till 10th July. 

We went to see the house of my Lord 
Clanricarde^ at Summer -hill, near Tunbridge 

^ [Ulick de Burgh, fifth Earl and Marquis of Clanricarde, 
1604.57.] 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 61 

(now given to that villain, Bradshaw, who con- 
demn^ the King). 'Tis situated on an eminent 
hill, with a park; but has nothing else extra- 
ordinary. > 

Uh July. I heard a sermon at Mr. Packer's 
chapel at Groombridge,^ a pretty melancholy seat, 
well wooded and watered. In this house was one 
of the French Kings * kept prisoner. The chapel 
was built by Mr. Packer s father, in remembrance 
of King Charles the First's safe return out of 
Spain.* 

9th. We went to see Penshurst, the Earl of 
Leicester's, famous once for its gardens and 
excellent fruit, and for the noble conversation 
which was wont to meet there, celebrated by that 
illustrious person, Sir Philip Sidney, who there 
composed divers of his pieces. It stands in a park, 
is finely watered, and was now full of company, 
on the marriage of my old fellow coll^ate, Mr. 
Robert Smythe, who married my Lady Dorothy 
Sidney,* widow of the Earl of Sunderland. 

One of the men who robbed me was taken ; I 
was accordingly summoned to appear against him ; 
and, on the 12th, was in Westminster Hall, but 
not bemg bound over, nor wilUng to hang the 

^ In the parish of Speldhurst^ in Kent^ four miles from 
Tunbridge Wells. John Packer, 1570?-l649, was Clerk of the 
Privy Seal to Charles I. 

^ The Duke of Orleans, taken at the battle of Agincourt, 
4 Hen. V., by Richard Waller, then owner of this place. See 
Hasted's Kent, vol. i. p. 431. 

• With this inscription (according to Hasted, i. p. 432) over 
the door, "D.O.M. l625, ob felicissimi Caroli Principis Ex 
Hispanift reducis Sacellum hoc D.D.I. P." ; and above it the device 
of the Prince of Wales. 

* [Dorothy Spencer, Countess of Sunderland, 1 617-1 684, 
Waller's " Sacharissa," and daughter of Philip Sidney, Earl of 
Leicester. After her first husband's death, she married, 8th July, 
1652, Mr. (afterwards Sir Robert) Smythe of Sutton-at-Hone and 
Boundes in Kent, an old admirer, and (according to Dorothy 
Osborne) " a very fine gentleman."] 



62 THE DIARY OF i652 

fellow, I did not appear, coming only to save a 
friend's bail; but the bill being found, he was 
turned over to the Old Bailey, In the meantime, 
I received a petition from the prisoner, whose 
father I understood was an honest old farmer in 
Kent. He was chared with other crimes, and 
condemned, but reprieved. I heard afterwards 
that, had it not been for his companion, a younger 
man, he would probably have killed me. He was 
afterwards charged with some other crime, but, 
refusing to plead, was pressed to death. 

28ra July. Came my old friend, Mr. Spencer,^ 
to visit me. 

80^^ I took advice about purchasing Sir 
Richard's [Browne] interest of those who had 
bought Sayes Court 

1^^ Avgust Came old Jerome Laniere,^ of 
Greenwich, a man skilled in painting and music, 
and another rare musician, called Mell.' I went to 
see his collection of pictures, especially those of 
Julio Romano, which surely had been the King's, 
and an Egyptian figure, etc. There were also 
excellent things of Polydore, Guido, Raphael, and 
Tintoretto. Laniere had been a domestic of Queen 
Elizabeth, and showed me her head, an intaglio 
in a rare sardonyx, cut by a famous Italian, which 
he assured me was exceeding like her. 

24fA. My first child, a son, was bom precisely 
at one o'clock.* 

^ [Brother to the Earl of Sunderland (see past, under 15th 
July, 1669>] 

^ [Jerome Lanier or Laniere^ an Italian^ artist and musician. 
He belonged to Queen Elizabeth's band ; and was the father of 
Nicholas Laniere^ the portrait painter, 1588-1666.] 

* [Davis or Davie Mell, the violinist and clocldnaker, ^. 
1650, afterwards leader of Charles II. 's band (see past, under 
4th March, 1656).] 

* [Richard Evelyn, d. 1658 (see past, under 27th January, 
1658).] 



1653 



JOHN EVELYN 68 



2nd Septefnher. Mr. Owen, the sequestered 
divine, of Eltham, christened my son by the name 
of Richard. 

25th. I went to see Dr, Mason s house, so 
&mous for the prospect (for the house is a wretched 
one) and description of Barclay's Icon AnimaruinJ 

22nd [October ?]. I went to Woodcote,* where 
Lady Browne was taken with a scarlet fever, and 
died. She was carried to Deptford, and interred in 
the church^ near Sir Richard's relations with all 
decent ceremonies, and according to the church- 
office, for which I obtained permission, after it 
had not been used in that church for seven years. 
Thus ended an excellent and virtuous lady, uni- 
versally lamented, having been so obliging on all 
occasions to those who continually frequented her 
house in Paris, which was not only an hospital, 
but an asylum to all our persecuted and afflicted 
countrymen, during eleven years' residence there 
in that honourable situation. 

5th Naventher. To London, to visit some 
friends, but the insolences were so great in the 
streets that I could not return till the next day. 

Dr. Scarburgh * was instant with me to give the 

^ The book here referred to — says Bray — is in the British 
Museum, entitled Joatmis BarcUm Icon Animarum, and printed 
at London^ 1 6 1 4^ small 1 2mo. It is written in Latin^ and dedicated 
to Lewis XIII. of France^ for what reason does not appear, the 
Author speaking of himself as a subject of this country. It men- 
tions the necessity of forming the minds of youth, as a skilful 
gardener forms his trees ; the different dispositions of men, in 
different nations; £nglish, Scotch, and Irish, etc. Chapter 
second contains a florid description of the beautiful scenery 
about Greenwich, but does not mention Dr. Mason, or his house. 

' [Epsom, the seat of Evelyn's brother Richard (see ante, 

^ [The church of St. Nicholas, Deptford. On the memorial 
tablet her age is given as forty-two, and the date of death, 6th 
October.] 

^ Dr. Charles Scarburgh, l6l6-94, was educated at Caius 
College, Cambridge, where he obtained a Fellowship. He 



64 THE DIARY OF im 

Tables of Veins and Arteries to the Collie of 
Physicians, pretending he would not only read 
upon them, but celebrate my curiosity as being 
the first who caused them to be completed in that 
manner,^ and with that cost; but I was not so 
willing yet to part with them, as to lend them to 
the College during their anatomical lectures ; which 
I did accordingly. 

22nd N(n)mher. I went to London, where was 
proposed to me the promoting that great work (since 
accomplished by Dr. Walton, Bishop of Chester),* 
Biblia Polyglotta, by Mr. Pearson, that most 
learned divine.* 

25th December. Christmas -day, no sermon 
anywhere, no church being permitted to be open, 
so observed it at home. The next day, we went 
to Lewisham, where an honest divine preached. 

81st. I adjusted all accounts, and rendered 
thanks to Almighty God for his mercies to me 
the year past. 

1^ January, 1652-8, I set apart in preparation 
for the Blessed Sacrament, which the next day 
Mr. Owen administered to me and all my family 
in Sayes Court, preaching on John vL 82, 88, 
showing the exceeding benefits of our Blessed 
Saviour taking our nature upon him. He had 
christened my son and churched my wife in our 
own house as before noticed.* 

afterwards studied medicine ; but making himself too conspicuous 
as a Royalist during the troubles^ was ejected. Subsequently he 
practised in London as a doctor. In I669 he was knighted and 
was named one of the King's physicians. He published a work 
upon dissection. 

1 [See ante, vol. L p. SI 5 J 

« [Brian Walton, I6OO-61 ; Bishop of Chester, I6OO. His 
Pofyglot was published 1654-57.] 

^ [John Pearson, I6IS-86, afterwards Bishop of Chester, 
1673-86, and author of the Exposition of the Creed, 1659*] 

* [See ante, p. 6S.] 



mz JOHN EVELYN 65 

17th January. I b^an to set out the oval 
garden at Sayes Court,^ which was before a rude 
orchard, and all the rest one entire field of 100 
acres, without any hedge, except the hither holly- 
hedge joining to the bank of the mount walk. 
This was the beginmng of all the succeedmg 
gardens, walks, groves, enclosures, and plantations 
there. 

21st. I went to London, and sealed some of 
the writings of my purchase of Sayes Court. 

80^^ At our own parish-church, a stranger 
preached. There was now and then an honest 
orthodox man got into the pulpit, and, though the 
present incumbent was somewhat of the Inde- 
pendent, yet he ordinarily preached sound doctrine, 
and was a peaceable man; which was an extra- 
ordinary felicity in this age. 

1^ Pebruary. Old Alexander Ross ^ (author of 
Vtrmlius EvangeUzans^ and many other little 
books) presented me with his book against Mr. 
Hobbes's Leviathan^ 

\9th. I planted the orchard at Sayes Court; 
new moon, wmd west 

22nd. Was perfected the sealing, livery and 
seisin of my purchase of Sayes Court My 

^ [In the Commonwealth survey of June 2, l651, Sayes Court 
is described thus : — '^ Manor house built with timber with the 
apptenances thereunto belongeinge commonly called Sayes 
Courts Deptford . . . consisteinge of one hall^ one plor, one 
kitchen, one buttery, one larder^ w*^ a daryehouse^ alsoe one 
chamber and thre cell"". In y* second stone eight chambers, 
with foure clossetts, and three garretts^ two stables, and one 
other little stable joyninge to the aforesaid mano' howse, which 
aforesaid mano' howse together with the said garden orchard 
and court yards conteine together two acres, two roodes, and six- 
teene pches, 2a. 2r. l6p. xiiij li" (Dews' Deptford, 2nd ed. 
1884, p. 29>] 

* [See aiUe, p. 14j 

^ [A View of all KeUgtom in the Worlds etc., l652, which went 
through many impressions.] 

VOL. II r 



66 THE DIARY OF im 

brother, George Glanville,^ Mr. Scudamore, Mr. 
Offley,^ Co. William Glanville (son to Serjeant 
Glanville, sometime Speaker of the House of 
Commons),* Co. Stephens, and several of my 
friends dining with me. I had bargained for 
£8200, but I naid £8500.^ 

25th Marcn. Came to see me that rare graver 
in taille'douce. Monsieur Richett ; he was sent by 
Cardinal Mazarin to make a collection of pictures. 

11th April. I went to take the air in Hyde 
Park, where every coach was made to pay a 
shilling, and horse sixpence, by the sordid feUow 
who had purchased it of the State, as they were 
called.*^ 

17th May. My servant Hoare,* who wrote 
those exquisite several hands, fell [ill] of a fit of 
an apoplexy, caused, as I suppose, by tampering 
with ? (mercury) about an experiment in gold. 

29th. I went to London, to take my last leave 
of my honest friend, Mr. Barton,^ now dying : it 
was a great loss to me and to my affairs. On the 
sixth of June, I attended his funeral 

Sth June. Came my brother Greorge, Captain 
Evelyn, the great traveller,® Mr. Muschamp, my 



1 



2 

4 
6 



See ante, p. 4. He is William in the pedigree.] 



See ante, p. 6.] ^ [See past, p. 80.] 

See poit, under dOth May, l66d.1 

[Cf. A Character of England, 1659 (by Evelyn). " This 
Parke was (it seemes) used by the late King and Nobiuty for the 
freshness of the air, and the goodly prospect : but it is that 
which now (besides all other excises) they pay for here in Eng- 
land, though it be firee in all the world beside ; every coach and 
horse which enters buying his mouthful^ and permission of the 
publicane who has purchased it, for which the entrance is 
guarded with porters and long staves " (Miscellaneous Writings, 
1825, p. 165).] 

^ [See ante, p. 14.] 

7 [John Barton. He is mentioned in a letter of 25th April, 
1652, from Evelyn to Sir Edward Thurland.] 

® [See ante, p. 9.] 



1063 JOHN EVELYN 6T 

cousin^ Thomas Keightley,^ and a virtuoso, &n- 
tastical Simon,^ who had the talent of embossmg 
so to the life. 

9th June. I went to visit my worthy neighbour^ 
Sir Henry Newton [at Charlton],* and consider the 
prospect, which is doubtless for city, river, ships, 
meadows, hill, woods, and all other amenities, one 
of the most noble in the world; so as, had the 
house running water, it were a princely seat. Mr. 
Henshaw and his brother-in-law came to visit me» 
and he presented me with a seleniscope.^ 

19^^. This day, I paid all my debts to a farthing ; 
oh, blessed day 1 

21st. My Lady Gerrard, and one Esquire 
Knight, a very rich gentleman, living in North- 
amptonshire, visited me. 

2%rd. Mr. Lombart, a famous graver, came to 
see my collections.* 

21th. Monsieur Roupel sent me a small phial of 
his aurum potabile^^ with a letter, showing the way 
of administering it, and the stupendous cures it had 
done at Paris ; but, ere it came to me, by what 
accident I know not, it was all run out. 

17 th August. I went to visit Mr. Hillyard, at 
his house at Horsley (formerly the great Sir Walter 
Raleigh's),^ where met me Mr. Oughtred, the 

^ [See asticy vol. i. p. 5 «.] 

' Thomas Simon^ l623 }-6by a strange eccentric person^ but a 
most excellent modeller after tife^ and engraver of medals. [He 
made dies for Cromwell^ and was joint chief graver to the Mint.] 

• [See andey p. b^^ 

^ [An instrument for looking at the moon.] 

^ Peter Lombart^ a Hugaenot^ long resident in England. It 
was Lombart who engraved Charles I. on horseback after Van- 
dyck, then substituted Cromwell's face for Charles's, and then 
once more restored the face of the King.] 

^ [Tincture of Gold, a medicine made of the body of gold 
(Bailey>l 

^ Evelyn is here in error : Mr. Hillyard was of East Horsley, 
(see atdty p. 47), Sir Walter of West. 



68 THE DIARY OF 1668 

famous mathematician ; ^ he showed me a box, or 
golden case, of divers rich and aromatic balsams, 
which a chemist, a scholar of his, had sent him out 
of Grermany. 

21^^ August. I heard that good old man, Mr. 
Higham,^ the parson of the parish of Wotton 
where I was bom, and who had baptized me, 
preach after his very plain way on Luke, compar- 
mg this troublesome world to the sea, the ministers 
to the fishermen, and the saints to the fish. 

22nd We all went to Guildford, to rejoice at 
the famous inn, the Red Lion,* and to see the 
Hospital, and the monument of Archbishop 
Abbot, tlie founder,^ who lies buried in the chapel 
of his endowment. 

2&ih September. At Greenwich preached that 
holy martyr. Dr. Hewit,* on Psalm xa 11, magni- 
fying the grace of God to penitents, and threaten- 
ing the extinction of his Grospel light for the 
prodigious impiety of the age. 

Wth October. My son, John Stansfield, was 
bom, being my second child, and christened by the 
name of my mother's father, that name now quite 
extinct, being of Cheshire. Christened by Mr. 
Owen, in my library at Sayes Court, where he 
afterwards churched my wife, I always making use 
of him on these occasions,^ because the parish 

1 rWilliam Oughtred, 1575-1660, Rector of Albury, great as 
a diaDist and mathematician (see post, under 28th August, 1665). 
There are prints of him by HollarJ 

* [See post, under 11th May, l684.] 

* [The Red Lion, where^ according to Aubrey, they could 
*' make fifty Beds/' was a notable hostelry even in a town " always 
most fiunous for its Inns."] 

^ [Archbishop Abbot's Hospital is on the N. side of Guildford 
High Street. His monument is in the (restored) Church of the 
Holy Trinity just opposite.] 

» [Dr. John Hewit, l6l4-58, Mmister of St Grejgory's, Castle 
Baynard Ward, afterwards executed for treason on Tower Hill.] 

* [See ante, p. 8.] 



1654 JOHN EVELYN 69 

minister durst not have officiated according to the 
form and usage of the Church of En^and» to 
which I always adhered. 

25f A October. Mr. Owen preached in my library 
at Sayes Court on Luke xviii. 7, 8, an excellent 
discourse on the unjust judge, showing why 
Almighty God would sometimes be compared by 
such similitudes. He afterwards administered to 
us all the Holy Sacrament. 

2&tfu Went to London, to visit my Lady 
Grerrard, where I saw that cursed woman called 
the Lady Norton, of whom it was reported that 
she spit in our King's face as he went to the 
scaffold. Indeed, her talk and discourse was like 
an impudent woman. 

21^ November. I went to London, to speak 
with Sir John Evelyn,^ my kinsman, about the 
purchase of an estate of Mr. Lambard's at 
Westerham, which afterwards Sir John himself 
bought for his son-in-law. Leech.* 

4ith December. Going this day to our church, I 
was surprised to see a tradesman, a mechanic, step 
up; I was resolved yet to stay and see what he 
would make of it. His text was from 2 Sam. 
xxiii. 20 : ^^ And Benaiah went down also and slew 
a lion in the midst of a pit in the time of snow " : 
the purport was, that no danger was to be thought 
difficult when God called for shedding of blood, 
inferring that now the saints were called to destroy 
temporal governments; with such feculent stuff; 
so dangerous a crisis were things grown to. 

25tK. Christmas-day. No churches, or public 
assembly. I was &in to pass the devotions of 
that blessed day with my family at home. 

1658-4 : 20th January. Came to see [me] my 
old acquaintance and the most incomparable player 

1 [Of Godstone.] 
^ [Squerryes. See post^ under 5th August^ l658.] 



70 THE DIARY OF i664 

on the Irish harp, Mr. Clark,^ after his travels. He 
was an excellent musician, a discreet gentleman, 
bom in Devonshire (as I remember). Such music 
before or since did I never hear, that instrument 
being neglected for its extraordinary difficulty; 
but, in my judgment, far superior to the lute 
itself, or whatever speaks vrith strings. 

25th January. Died my son, J. Stansfield,' of 
convulsion-fits; buried at Deptford on the east 
comer of the church, near his mother*s great- 
grandfather, and other relatives. 

Sth JPebruary. Ash - Wednesday. In contra- 
diction to all custom and decency, the usurper, 
Cromwell, feasted at the Lord Mayor's, riding in 
triumph through the city. 

14/ A. I saw a tame lion play familiarly with a 
lamb ; he was a huge beast, and I thrust my hand 
into his mouth and found his tongue rough like a 
cat's ; a sheep also with six l^s, which made use 
of five of them to walk ; a goose that had four 
l^s, two crops, and as many vents. 

29tk March. That excellent man, Mr. Owen,* 
preached in my library on Matt. xxviiL 6, a 
resurrection -sermon, and after it we all received 
the Holy Communion. 

6th April Came my Lord Herbert, Sir Kenelm 
Digby,* Mr. Denham,* and other friends, to see me. 

\5th. I went to London, to hear the &mous 
Dr. Jeremy Taylor* (since Bishop of Down and 



1 

s 

4 
6 



See post, under 14th November, l668.] 

'See atUe, p. 68.] « [See ante, p. 8.] 

[See ante, voL i. p. 46.] 

[John Denham^ the poet^ afterwards Sir John^ 1615-69. At 
this date, he had been attendant to Henrietta Maria at Paris^ 
where Evelyn had no doubt become acquainted with him. His 
well-known Cooper's Hill was published in 1642.] 

• [Dr. Jeremy Taylor, l6l3-67, often referred to hereafter. 
His holy Lhing was published in 1650 ; his Holy Dying in 1651. 
He became Bishop of Down and Connor in l66l.] 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 71 

Connor) at St Gregory's (near St. PauKs) on Matt 
VL 48, concerning evangelical perfection. 

5th May. I bound my lackey, Thomas Headly, 
apprentice to a carpenter, giving with him five 
pounds and new clothing; he thrived very well, 
and became rich. 

%th, I went to Hackney, to see Lady Brooke's 
garden, which was one of the neatest and most 
celebrated in England, the house well furnished, 
but a despicable building. Returning, visited 
one Mr. Tomb's garden; it has large and noble 
walks, some modem statues, a vineyard, planted 
in strawberry borders, staked at ten feet dis- 
tances ; the banqueting-house of cedar, where the 
couch and seats were carved a H antique \ some 
good pictures in the house, especially one of 
Vandyck's, being a man in his shirt ; also some of 
Steenwyck. I also called at Mr. Ducie's, who has 
indeed a rare collection of the best masters, and 
one of the largest stories of H. Holbein. I also 
saw Sir Thomas Fowler's aviary, which is a poor 
business. 

10th. My Lady Gerrard treated us at Mulberry 
Garden,^ now the only place of refreshment about 
the town for persons of the best quality to be 
exceedingly cheated at ; Cromwell and his partisans 
having shut up and seized on Spring Garden,' 

^ The Mulberry Garden stood on the site of what is now » 
Backingham Palace and Gardens^ a garden of mulbeny trees 
having been planted there by James the First. The houses 
which preceded Buckingham Palace on the site> were Goring 
House, Arlington House, and Buckingham House or the 
Queen's House, the last having been pulled down to erect 
Nash's present buildimp. Sir Charles Sedley made the Mulbeny 
Garden the subject of a comedy, and it was not closed, as a 
place of entertainment, until the date of Charles the Second's 
grant of it to Bennet, Earl of Arlington, in l673. 

' [See anUy p. 12. The Spring (harden, once a pleasure- 
ground attached to Whitehall Palace, and lying between Charing 
Cross and St. James's Park, is now built upon. In the Charader ^ 



72 THE DIARY OF mi 

which, till now, had been the usual rendezvous for 
the ladies and gallants at this season. 

ll^A May. I now observed how the women 
b^an to paint themselves, formerly a most igno- 
minious thmg, and used only by prostitutes. 

14^^ There being no such thing as church- 
anniversaries in the parochial assemblies, I was 
forced to provide at home for Whit Sunday. 

15t/u Came Sir Robert Stapylton, the translator 
of Juvenal, to visit me.* 

Sth June. My wife and I set out in a coach and 
four horses, in our way to visit relations of hers in 
Wiltshire, and other parts, where we resolved to 
spend some months. We dined at Windsor, saw 
the Castle and Chapel of St G^eorge, where they 
have laid our Blessed Martyr, Kin^ Charles, in the 
vault Just before the altar. Tlie church and 
workmanship in stone is admirable. The Castle 
itself is large in circumference; but the rooms 
melancholy, and of ancient magnificence. The 
keep, or mount, hath, besides its incomparable 

England, l659^ Evelyn thus describes it. The enclosure — he says 
— ^is ''not disagreeable, for thesolenmness of the grove, the warbling 
of the birds, and as it opens into the spacious walks at St. James's ; 
but the company walk in it at sucn a rate, as you would think 
all the ladies were so many Atalantases, contending with their 
wooers ; . . . but as fast as they run, they stay there so lonff, as 
if they wanted not time to finish the race : for it is usuall here 
to find some of the young company tOl midnight.*' Evelyn 
dwells further on the exorbitant prices of refreshments, which 
have enabled the proprietor, within a few years, to purchase 
je500 of annual rent (Miscellaneous JVriUngs, 1825, pp. l65-66).1 
^ A member of a Yorkshire Catholic family, who obtainea 
the post of Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Prince Charles 
(Charles II.), occasionally varying his duties by fighting against 
the Parliamentarians and writing books. For his services at 
Edgehill, he was knighted in l642 by Charles I. He was also 
made a D.C.L., and died in 1669. [His version of Juvenal's 
Sixteen Satyrs, with Arguments, Notes and Annotations, appeared 
in 1647. He also translated Strada's Belgic War, 1 650 (see 
ante, vol. i. p. 198).] 



1654 JOHN EVELYN 78 

prospect, a very profound well ; and the terrace 
towards Eton, with the park, meandering Thames, 
and sweet meadows, yield one of the most delight- 
ful prospects. That night, we lay at Reading. 
Saw my Lord Craven's^ house at Caversham, 
now in ruins, his goodly woods felling by the 
rebels. 

9th June. Dined at Marlborough, which havinj 
been lately fired, was now new built. At one en< 
of this town, we saw my Lord Sejrmour's house,* 
but nothing observable save the Mount, to which 
we ascended by windings for near half a mile. It 
seems to have been cast up by hand. We passed 
by Colonel Popham's, a noble seat, park, and river. 
Thence, to Newbury, a considerable town, and 
Donnin^ton, famous for its battle, siege, and 
castle ; this last had been in the possession of old 
(Jeoffrey Chaucer. Then to Aldermaston, a house 
of Sir Humphrey Forster's, built a la modeme. 
Also, that exceedingly beautiful seat of my Lord 
Pembroke, on the ascent of a hill, flanked with 
wood, and regarding the river; and so, at night, 
to Cadenham, the mansion of Edward Hungerford, 
Esq., uncle to my wife,' where we made some stay. 

^ William Craven, Earl of Craven, l606-97, eldest son of Sir 
William Craven, Lord Mayor of London. After serving under 
Gustavus Adolphus and Henry, Prince of Orange, he dis- 
tinguished himself against the forces of the Parliament, and was 
created by Charles L, in l664, Viscount and Earl Craven. He 
survived all the changes of the government, and, in the latter 
years of his life, acquired some celebrity from an odd peculiarity 
of taste. He was so sure to be at any conflagration that 
occurred in London, that the people said his horse " smelt a fire 
as soon as it happened." 

^ [I.e. that built by Inigo Jones's pupil, John Webbe, for 
Francis, Baron Seymour of Trowbridge, 1590-1664 ; and after- 
wards for nearly a century the Castle Inn, a famous hostelry on 
the great Bath Road, closed in 1843. It then became the 
nucleus (C. House) of Marlborough College.] 

^ [See pott, pp. 83 and 87 n.] 



74 THE DIARY OF i654 

The rest of the week we did nothing but feast and 
make good cheer, to welcome my wife. 

27m June. We all went to see Bath, where I 
bathed in the Cross Bath. Among the rest of the 
idle diversions of the town, one musician was 
famous for acting a changeling, which mdeed he 
personated strangely. 

The yocoato of this cathedral is remarkable for 
its historical carving. The King's Bath is esteemed 
the fairest in Europe. The town is entirely built 
of stone, but the streets narrow, uneven and 
unpleasant Here, we trifled and bathed, and 
inter- visited with the company who frequent the 
place for health, till the 30th, and then went to 
Bristol, a city emulating London, not for its large 
extent, but manner of building, shops, bridge, 
traffic, exchange, market-place, etc. The governor 
showed us the castle, of no great concernment^ 
The city wholly mercantile, as standing near the 
famous Severn, commodiously for Ireland, and the 
Western world. Here, I first saw the manner of 
refining sugar and casting it into loaves, where we 
had a collation of ^gs fned in the sugar furnace,^ 
together with excellent Spanish wine. But what 
appeared most stupendous to me, was the rock of 
St Vincent,* a little distance from the town, the 
precipice whereof is equal to anjrthing of that 
nature I have seen in the most confragose^ 

^ [Built under William the Conqueror and finished by the 
Red £arl of Gloucester (Robert the Consul)^ c. 1138. Scarcelj 
a vestige of it now remains.] 

^ An entertainment akin to the once popular custom^ eating 
of beefsteaks dressed on the stoker's shovel, to the accompani- 
ment of porter, at the famous brewhouses in London. 

» [Called after the Chapel of St Vincent of Valentia. They 
are *' Great Clift;s w*^ seeme as bounds to y* river Aven," says 
Celia Fiennes {Diartf (1689-94), 1888, p. 201); and are now 
united by the Suspension Bridge.] 

* [ConfragonUi — broken, rugged.] 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 75 

cataracts of the Alps, the river glidmg between 
them at an extraoramary depth. Here, we went 
searching for diamonds,^ and to the Hot Wells, at 
its foot There is also on the side of this horrid 
Alp a very romantic seat : and so we returned to 
Bath in the evening, and July 1 to Cadenham. 

Uh July. On a letter from my wife's uncle, 
Mr. Pretyman,^ I waited back on her to London, 
passing by Hungerford, a town famous for its 
trouts,^ and the next day arrived at Deptford, 
which was 60 miles, in the extremity of heat 

Qth. I went early to London, and the following 
day met my wife and company at Oxford, the eve 
of the Act 

%th. Was spent in hearing several exercises in 
the schools ; and, after dinner, the Proctor opened 
the Act at St Mary's (according to custom),^ and 
the Prevaricators, their drollery. Then, the 
Doctors disputed. We supped at Wadham 
CoU^e. 

9th. Dr. French* preached at St Mary's, on 
Matt xiL 42, advising the students the search 
after true wisdom, not to be had in the books of 
philosophers, but in the Scriptures alone. In the 
afternoon, the famous Independent, Dr. Owen, 
perstringing • Episcopacy. He was now Crom- 
well's Vice -Chancellor.^ We dined with Dr. 

1 [Ci^stals. "They Digg y« Bristol Diamonds w<* Look 
veiy Bright and in their native Rudeness have a great Lustre 
and are pointed and Like y* Diamond Cutting '* (Celia Fiennes^ 
Diary (1089-94), 1888, p. 201).] 

* rSee ante, p. S.] 

' [Hungerford, partly in Berks, partly in Wilts, is on the 
Kennet, a fine trout stream.] 

* See posif under 9th July, 1669.] 

^ [Afterwards Chaplain to Dr. Sheldon, Archbishop of 
Canterbury.] 

« [See ante, p. 36.] 

7 [Dr. John Owen, I616-8S. He was Vice-Chancellor [of 
Oxford, 1652-58, and Dean of Christ Church, 1651-60.] 



76 THE DIARY OF im 

Ward, Mathematical Professor (since Bishop of 
Sarum),^ and at night supped in BaUiol CoUege 
Hall, where I had once been student and fellow- 
commoner, and where they made me extraordinarily 
welcome.^ 

10th July. On Monday, I went again to the 
schools, to hear the several faculties, and in the after- 
noon tarried out the whole Act in St. Mary's, the 
long speeches of the Proctors, the Vice-Chancellor, 
the several Professors, creation of Doctors, by the 
cap, ring, kiss, etc., those ancient ceremonies and 
institution being as yet not wholly abolished. Dr. 
Kendal,' now Inceptor amongst others, performing 
his Act incomparably well, concluded it with an 
excellent oration, abating his Presbyterian animosi- 
ties, which he withheld, not even against that 
learned and pious divine. Dr. Hammond. The 
Act was closed with the speech of the Vice- 
Chancellor, there being but four in theology, and 
three in medicine, which was thought a consider- 
able matter, the times considered. I dined at one 
Monsieur Fiat's, a student of Exeter College, and 
supped at a magnificent entertainment of Wadham 
Hall, invited by my dear and excellent friend. Dr. 
Wilkins,* then Warden (after. Bishop of Chester). 

1 Dr. Seth Ward, l6l 7-89, finished his education at Sidney 
Sussex College, Cambridge, where he obtained a fellowship. He 
was expelled the university in 1644, for refusing the Covenant. 
Oxford, as usual, received him ; where he succeeded (xreaves, 
the Savilian Professor of Astronomy ; and in l654, obtained the 
degree of Doctor of Divinity. He was intimately acquainted 
with the abstract sciences, and was one of that limited band of 
scholars at whose meetii^ first arose the idea of the Royal 
Society, in which Evelyn took so deep an interest and so active 
a part 

* [See ante, voL i. p. 14.] 

^ [Dr. George Kendall, l6lO-6d. He defended Calvinism in 
various polemics.] 

* [Dr. John Wilkins, l6l4-72. Warden of Wadham, 1648-59, 
and Bishop of Chester, 1668-72. He was active in forming the 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 77 

ll^A July. Was the Latin sermon, which I 
could not be at, though invited, being taken up 
at All Souls, where we had music, voices, and 
theorbos, performed by some ingenious scholars. 
After dinner, I visited that miracle of a youth, Mr. 
Christopher Wren,^ nephew to the Bishop of Ely. 
Then Mr. Barlow (since Bishop of Lincoln),^ 
bibliothecarius of the Bodleian Library, my most 
learned friend. He showed us the rarities of that 
most famous place, manuscripts, medals, and other 
curiosities. Among the MSS. an old English 
Bible, wherein the Eunuch mentioned to be 
baptized by Philip, is called the Gelding: **and 
Philip and the Gelding went down into the water,** 
etc. The original Acts of the Council of Basle 900 
years since, with the buUa^ or leaden affix, which 
has a silken cord passing through every parchment ; 
a MS. of Venerable Beie of 800 years antiquity ; 
the old Ritual secundum u^sum Sarum, exceeding 
voluminous ; then, among the nicer curiosities, the 
Proverbs of Solomon, written in French by a lady,' 
every chapter of a several character, or hand, the 
most exquisite imaginable ; an hieroglyphical table, 
or carta^ folded up like a map, I suppose it painted 
on asses' hide, extremely rare; but what is most 

Royal Society ; and he wrote many scientific and religious works. 
His wife, Robina, was a sister of Cromwell ; and his stepdaughter 
became the wife of Tillotson. Evelyn was much attached to 
Wilkins.] 

1 [Afterwards Sir Christopher, 1632-1723, at this date of 
Wadham. See post, under 13th July^ l654, and 24th October, 
1664.1 

« [br. Thomas Barlow, l607-91, Hbrarian of the Bodleian, 
1642-60, and Bishop of Lincohi, 1675-91.] 

* Mrs. Hester English, or IngUs, 1571-1624, married to 
Bartholomew Kello, rector of WiUingale Spain, in Essex. 
There are MSS. written or illuminated by her in the Bodleian, 
the British Museum, and elsewhere. An account of her curious 
penmanship is given in William Massey's Origin and Progress 
of Letters, 1763. 



78 THE DIARY OF iwi 

illustrious, there were no less than 1000 MSS., m 
nmeteen languages, especially oriental, furnishing 
that new part of the library built by Archbishop 
Laud, from a design of Sir Kenelm Di^by and the 
Earl of Pembroke. In the closet of the tower, 
they show some Indian weapons, urns, lamps, etc., 
but the rarest is the whole Alcoran, written on one 
large sheet of calico, made up in a priest s vesture, 
or cope, after the Turkish and Arabic character, so 
exqmsitely written, as no printed letter comes near 
it : also, a roll of magical charms, divers talismans, 
and some medals. 

Then, I led my wife into the Convocation- 
House, finely wainscoted; the Divinity School, 
and Gothic carved roof; the Physic, or Anatomy 
School, adorned with some rarities of natural 
things ; but nothmg extraordinary save the skin of 
a jackal, a rarely -coloured jacatoo,^ or prodigious 
large parrot, two humming birds, not much bigger 
than our humble-bee, which indeed I had not seen 
before, that I remember. 

12th July. We went to St. John's, saw the 
library and the two skeletons, which are finely 
cleansed and put together ; observable is here also 
the store of mathematical instruments, chiefly 

given by the late Archbishop Laud, who built 
ere a handsome quadrangle. 
Thence, we went to New College, where the 
chapel was in its ancient garb, notwithstanding 
the scrupulosity of the times. Thence, to Christ's 
Church, in whose library was showed us an Office 
of Henry VIII., the writing, miniatures, and 
gilding whereof is equal, if not surpassing, any 
curiosity I had seen of that kind ; it was given 
by their founder. Cardinal Wolsey. The glass 
windows of the cathedral (famous in my time) 1^ 
found much abused. The ample hall and column, 

^ [Cockatoo. Evelyn calls chocolate, jacolatt.] 



1654 JOHN EVELYN 79 

that spreads its capital to sustain the roof as one 
goes up the stairs, is very remarkable. 

Next, we walked to Magdalen College, where 
we saw the library and chapel, which was likewise 
in pontifical order, the altar only I think turned 
tablewise, and there was still the double organ, 
which abominations (as now esteemed) were almost 
universally demolished ; Mr. Gibbons,^ that famous 
musician, giving us a taste of his skill and talents 
on that instrument 

Hence, to the Physic Garden, where the 
sensitive plant was showed us for a great wonder.^ 
There grew canes, olive trees, rhubarb, but no 
extraordinary curiosities, besides very good fruit, 
which, when the ladies had tasted, we returned in 
our coach to our lodgings. 

18th July. We aU dined at that most obli^g 
and universally curious Dr. Wilkins's, at Wadham 
College. He was the first who showed me the 
transparent apiaries, which he had built like castles 
and palaces, and so ordered them one upon another, 
as to take the honey without destroying the bees. 
These were adorned with a variety of dials, little 
statues, vanes, etc ; and, he was so abundantly 
civil, finding me pleased with them, to present me 
with one of the hives which he had empty, and 
which I afterwards had in my garden at Sayes 
Court, where it continued many years, and which 
his Majesty came on purpose to see and con- 
template with much satismction. He had also 

^ [Christopher Gibbons, 1615-76, elder son of Orlando 
Gibbons, and Mus.D. Oxford^ 1663. He was organist of 
Winchester Cathedral.] 

* [" There [in the rhysic Garden] is also y* sensible plant, 
take out a Leafe between finger and thumb and squeeze it and 
it immediately Curies up together as if pained and after some 
tyme opens abroad again, it looks in Coullour like a filbert Leafe 
but much narrower and long " {Diary of Celia Fimnes (1689-94), 
1888^ p. S6>] 



80 THE DIARY OF mi 

contrived a hollow statue, which gave a voice and 
uttered words by a long concealed pipe that went 
to its mouth,^ whilst one speaks through it at a 
good distance. He had, above in his lodgings and 
gallery, variety of shadows, dials, perspectives, and 
many other artificial, mathematical, and magical 
curiosities, a way- wiser,' a thermometer, a monstrous 
magnet, conic, and other sections, a balance on a 
demi-circle; most of them of his own, and that 
prodigious young scholar Mr. Christopher Wren ; 
who presented me with a piece of white marble, 
which he had stained with a lively red, very deep, 
as beautiful as if it had been natural 

Thus satisfied with the civilities of Oxford, we 
left it, dining at Farringdon, a town which had 
been newly fired during the wars; and, passing 
near the seat of Sir Walter Pye, we came to 
Cadenham. 

16th July. We went to another uncle and 
relative of my wife's. Sir John Glanville, a famous 
lawyer, formerly Speaker of the House of 
Commons;' his seat is at Broad Hinton, where 
he now lived but in the Gatehouse, his very fair 
dwelling-house having been burnt by his own 
hands, to prevent the rebels making a garrison of 
it Here, my cousin William Glanvme's eldest 
son showed me such a lock for a door, that for its 
filing, and rare contrivances was a masterpiece, yet 
made by a country blacksmith.* But, we have 

^ Such were the speaking figures once exhibited in Spring 
Gardens^ and in Leicester Fields. 

« [This is defined in the Rev. J. Ward's Diary ri648-79), 
18d9> p* 160, as ^'an instrument called a wajwiser by the motion 
whereof a man may see how many steps he takes in a day ; I have 
seen one worth thirty shillings.' It corresponds to the modem 
pedometer (see post, under 6th Auffust^ l657, as to the applica- 
tion of this contrivance to coaches).] 

8 [Sir John Glanville, 1586-1661, Speaker of the Short 
Parliament, l640; knighted in l641.] 

^ A similar lock — says Bray — is still shown at Hampden, 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 81 

seen watches made by another with as much 
curiosity as the best of that profession can brag 
of; and, not many years after, there was nothing 
more frequent than all sorts of iron -work more 
exquisitely wrought and polished than in any part 
of Europe, so as a door-lock of a tolerable price 
was esteemed a curiosity even among foreign 
princes. 

Went back to Cadenham, and, on the 19th, to 
Sir Edward Baynton's at Spye Park, a place capable 
of bein^ made a noble seat; but the humorous 
old kni^t has built a long single house of two low 
stories on the precipice of an incomparable prospect, 
and landing on a bowling-green in the park. The 
house is like a long bam, and has not a window on 
the prospect side. After dinner, they went to 
bowls, and, in the meantime, our coachmen were 
made so exceeding drunk, that in returning home 
we escaped great dangers. This, it seems, was by 
order of the Knight, that all gentlemen's servants 
be so treated; but the custom is barbarous, and 
much unbecoming a Knight, still less a Christian.^ 

20th Jtdy. We proceeded to Salisbury; the 
Cathedral I take to be the completest piece of 
Gothic work in Europe, taken in all its uniformity. 
The pillars, reputed to be cast, are of stone mani- 
festly cut out of the quarry ; most observable are 
those in the chapter -house. There are some 
remarkable monuments, particularly the ancient 
Bishops, founders of the Church, Knights Templars, 

affixed to the door of the room (one of the few still remaining 
of the older huilding) which the patriot is said to have occupied 
and slept in. 

^ [Butler makes this a characteristic of the Coxxntsj Squire. 
" He has but one Way of making all Men welcome, that come 
to his House, and that is, by making himself and them drunk, 
while his Servants take the same Course with theirs, which he 
approves of as good and £uthful service " {Genmne Remains, 1759, 
iL92>] 

VOL, II G 



82 THE DIARY OF i664 

the Marquis of Hertford's, the cloisters of the 
palace and garden, and the great mural dial 

In the afternoon we went to Wilton, a fine 
house of the Earl of Pembroke, in which tiie most 
observable are the dining-room in the modem- 
built part towards the garden, richly gilded and 
paintea with story by De Crete ;^ also, some 
other apartments, as that of hunting landscapes, 
by Pierce : ' some magnificent chimney-pieces, after 
the best French manner ; a pair of artificial wind- 
ing-stairs, of stone, and divers rare pictures. The 
ffuden, heretofore esteemed the noblest in England, 
is a large handsome plain, with a grotto and water- 
works, which mi^ht be made much more pleasant, 
were the river mat passes through cleansed and 
raised ; for all is effected by a mere force. It has 
a flower garden, not inele^nt But, after all, that 
which renders the seat delightful is, its being so 
near the downs and noble plains about the country 
contiguous to it. The stables are well ordered and 
yield a graceful front, by reason of the walks of 
lime trees, with the court and fountain of the 
stables adorned with the Caesars' heads. 

We returned this evening by the plain, and 
14-mile race, where out of my lord's hare-warren 
we were entertained with a long course of a hare 
for near two miles in sight Near this, is a 
pergola^ or stand, built to view the sports : and so 
we came to Salisbury, and saw the most considerable 
parts of the city. The market-place, with most of 
the streets, are watered by a quick current and 
pure stream running through the middle of them, 

1 [Probably one of three decorative painters named De Critz.] 
^ £dward Pierce^ a celebrated painter of history^ landscape, 
and architecture, who worked under Vandyck. He died a few 
years after the Restoration. One of his sons, John, was also a 
painter ; and another, Eldward, a statuary and architect {d, l698), 
assisted Wren in bidlding St. Qement Danes Churcn in the 
Strand* 



1654 JOHN EVELYN 8a 

but are negligently kept, when with a small charge 
they might be purged and rendered infinitdy 
agreeable, and [this] made one of the sweetest 
towns, but now the common buildings are despi- 
cable, and the streets dirty. 

22nd July. We departed and dined at a farm 
of my Uncle Hungerford's, called Darnford 
Magna, situated in a valley under the plain, most 
sweetly watered, abounding in trouts catched by 
spear in the night, when they come attracted by a 
light set in the stem of a boat 

After dinner, continuing our return, we passed 
over the goodly plain, or rather sea of carpet, 
which I think for evenness, extent, verdure, and 
innumerable flocks, to be one of the most delight- 
fiil prospects in nature, and reminded me of 
the pleasant lives of shepherds we read of in 
romances. 

Now we were arrived at Stonehenge, indeed a 
stupendous monument, appearing at a distance like 
a castle ; how so many and huge pillars of stone 
should have been brought toj^ether, some erects 
others transverse on the tops of them, in a circular 
area as rudely representing a cloister or heathen 
and more natural temple, is wonderfiiL The stone 
is so exceeding hard, that all my stren^h with a 
hammer could not break a fragment ; which hard- 
ness I impute to their so long exposure. Ta 
number them exactly is very difficult, they lie in 
such variety of postures and confusion, though 
they seemed not to exceed 100 ; we counted omy 
95. As to their being brought tliither, there being 
no navigable river near, is by some admired ; but 
for the stone, there seems to be the same kind 
about 20 miles distant, some of which appear 
above ground. About the same hills, are oivers 
mounts raised, conceived to be ancient entrench- 
ments, or places of burial, after bloody fights. We 



84 THE DIARY OF lew 

now went by the Devizes, a reasonable large town, 
and came late to Cadenham. 

2nth July. To the hunting of a sorel deer/ and 
had excellent chase for four or five hours, but the 
venison little worth. 

29th. I went to Langford, to see my cousin 
Stephens.' I also saw Dryfield, the house hereto- 
fore of Sir John Pretyman, grand&ther to my 
wife, and sold by her uncle ; both the seat and 
house very honourable and well-built, much after 
the modem fashion. 

81^^. Taking leave of Cadenham,' where we had 
been long and nobly entertained, we went a com- 
pass into Leicestershire, where dwelt another 
relation of my wife's ; for I indeed made these 
excursions to show her the most considerable parts 
of her native country, who, firom her childhood, 
had lived altogether in France, as well as for my 
own curiosity and information. 

About two miles before coming to Gloucester, 
we have a prospect from woody hills into a most 
goodly vale and country. Gloucester is a handsome 
city, considerable for the church and monuments. 
The minster is indeed a noble fabric The whisper- 
ing gallery is rare, being through a passage of 
twenty-five yards, in a many-angled cloister, and 
was, I suppose, either to show the skill of the 
architect, or some invention of a cunning priest, 
who, standing unseen in a recess in the middle of 
the chapel, might hear whatever was spoken at 
either end. This is above the choir, in which lies 
buried King Stephen ^ under a monument of Irish 
oak, not ill carved considering the age. The new 
library is a noble though a private design. I was 

^ r/.e. a buck of the fourth year.] 
^ See ante, p. 66,'\ • [See ante, p. 80.] 

^ King Stephen was buried at Faversham. The effigy Eveljm 
alludes to b that of Robert Curthose^ Duke of Normandy. 






1664 JOHN EVELYN 85 

likewise pleased with the Severn gliding so sweetly 
by it The Duke's house, the castle works, are 
now almost quite dismantled ; nor yet without sad 
thoughts did I see the town, considering how fatal 
the si^e had been a few years before to our good 
King. 

1st Auffust We set out towards Worcester, by 
a way thick planted with cider-fruit. We deviated 
to the Holy Wells, trickling out of a valley through 
a steep declivity towards the foot of the great Mal- 
vern Hills ; they are said to heal many infirmities, 
as king's evil, leprosy, sore eyes, etc. Ascending 
a great height above them to the trench dividing 
England from South Wales, we had the prospect 
of all Herefordshire, Radnor, Brecknock, Mon- 
mouth, Worcester, Gloucester, Shropshire, War- 
wick, Derby shires, and many more. We could 
discern Tewkesbury, KingWoad, towards Bristol, 
etc. ; so as I esteem it one of the goodliest vistas 
in England. 

2na. This evening we arrived at Worcester, 
the Judges of Assize and Sheriff just entering 
as we did. Viewing the town the next day, we 
found the Cathedral much ruined by the late 
wars, otherwise a noble structure. The town is 
neatly paved and very clean, the goodly river 
Severn running by it, and standing in a most fertile 
country. 

Qrd. We passed next through Warwick, and 
saw the castle, the dwelling-house of the Lord 
Brooke,^ and the furniture noble. It is built on an 
eminent rock which gives prospect into a most 
goodly green, a woody and plentifully watered 
country; the river running so delightfully under 
it, that it may pass for one of the most surprising 
seats one should meet with. The gardens are 
prettily disposed; but might be much improved. 

^ [Francis Greville^ third Baron Brooke.] 



«6 THE DIARY OF i654 

Here they show us Sir Guy's great two-handed 
«word, staff, horse -arms, pot, and other relies^ of 
that famous knight-errant. Warwick is a fair old 
town, and hath one church fiill of ancient monu- 
ments. 

Having viewed these, I went to visit my worthy 
friend, Sir H. Puckering,* at the Abbey, and though 
a melancholy old seat, yet in a rich soil 

Hence, to Sir Guy's grot, where they say he 
did his penances, and died.' It is a squalid den 
made in the rock, crowned yet with venerable oaks 
and looking on a goodly stream, so as, were it 
improved as it might be, it were capable of being 
made a most romantic and pleasant place. Near 
this, we were showed his chapel and gigantic statue 
hewn out of the solid rock, out of which there are 
likewise divers other caves cut, and some very 
capacious. 

The next place to Coventry. The Cross is 
remarkable for Gothic work and rich gilding, com- 
parable to any I had ever seen, except that of 
Cheapside in London, now demolished.^ This city 
has many handsome churches, a beautiful wall, a 
fair ficee- school and library to it; the streets fiill 
of ffreat shops, clean and well -paved. At going 
fortn the gate, they show us the bone, or rib, of a 
wild boar, said to have been killed by Sir Guy, but 
which I take to be the chine of a whale. 

4ith August. Hence, riding through a consider- 
able part of Leicestershire, an open, rich, but 

1 [Among which Celia Fiennes enumerates "his wives jron 
slippers " and " the Rib of y* Dun-Cow as bigg as halfe a great 
Cart Wheele " {Btary (1689-94), 1888, p. 95>J 

* [See anUy p. b6!\ 

* [" 2 Miles from the tbwn is his Cave dugg out by his own 
hands just y* dimention of his body as the Common people say " 
(jytary of Celia Fiennes (1689-94), 1888, p. 95).] 

^ [May 2, l643, Isaac Pennington, the regicide, being Mayor 
of London. Evel3m was an eye-witness (see ante, vol. L p. 62).] 



1654 JOHN EVELYN 87 

unpleasant country, we came late in the evening 
to Hominghold, a seat of my wife's uncle. ^ 

1th Auffust Went to Uppingham, the shire-town 
of Rutland, pretty and well-built of stone, which is 
a rarity in that part of England, where most of the 
rural parishes are but of mud, and the people living 
as wretchedly as in the most impoverished parts of 
France, which they much resemble, being idle and 
sluttish. The country (especially Leicestershire) 
much in common ; the gentry free drinkers. 

9th. To the old and ragged city of Leicester, 
large and pleasantly seated, but despicably built, 
the chimney -flues like so many smiths' forges; 
however, fiEtmous for the tomb of the tyrant, Richard 
the Third, which is now converted to a cistern, at 
which (I think) cattle drink.* Also, here in one of 
the churches lies buried the mamiificent Cardinal 
Wolsey." John of Gaunt has here also built a 
large but poor Hospital, near which a wretch has 
made him a house out of the ruins of a stately 
church. Saw the ruins of an old Roman Temple, 
thought to be of Janus. Entertained at a very 
fine collection of fruits, such as I did not expect 
to meet with so far north, especially very good 
melons. We returned to my uncle's. 

14dh. I took a journey into the northern parts, 
riding through Oakham, a pretty town in Rutland- 
shire, famous for the tenure of the Barons (Ferrers), 
who hold it by taking off* a shoe from every noble- 
man's horse that passes with his lord through the 
street, unless redeemed with a certain piece of 

1 Doubtless Mr. Hungerford (ante, p. 73). Sir Edward 
Hungerford, K.B. — sajs Bray — presented to the vicarage of 
Hominghold [a village N.E. of Market Harborough] in l676. 

* [" I saw a piece of his tombstone he Lay in * — says Celia 
Fiennes — " w^ was Cut out in exact form for his body to Lye in ; 
y^ remains to be seen at y* Greyhound at Leaster but is partly 
broken" (Diafy (1689-94), 1888, p. 134).] 

* [In Leicester Abbey.] 



88 THE DIARY OF i664 

money. In token of this, are several gilded shoes 
nailed up on the castle-gate/ which seems to have 
been large and fair. Hence, we went by Brook, a 
very sweet seat and park of the old Lady Camden's. 
Next, by Burlev House, belonging to the Duke 
of Buckingham,^ and worthily reckoned among the 
noblest seats in England, situate on the brow of a 
hill, buUt a la modeme near a park walled in, and 
a fine wood at the descent 

Now we were come to Cottsmore, a pretty seat 
belon^ng to Mr. Heath,* son to the Lord Chief 
Justice of that name. Here, after dinner, parting 
with the company that conducted us tlius fiar, 
I passed that evening by Belvoir Castle, built on a 
round mount at the point of a long rid^e of hills, 
which affords a stately prospect, and is mmous for 
its strenuous resistance in the late civil war. 

Went by Newark-on-Trent, a brave town and 
garrison. Next, by Wharton House, belonging to 
the Lord Chaworth, a handsome seat: then, by 
Home, a noble place belonging to the Marquis of 
Dorchester, and passed the ramous river Trent, 
which divides the South from the North of 
England ; and so lay that night at Nottingham. 

This whole town and county seems to be but 
one entire rock, as it were, an exceeding pleasant 
shire, full of gentry. Here, I observed divers to 
live in the rocKS and caves, much after the manner 
as about Tours, in France.* The church is well 
built on an eminence ; there is a fair house of the 
Lord Clare's, another of Fierrepont's ; an ample 
market-place; large streets, fuU of crosses; the 
relics of an ancient castle, hollowed beneath which 

^ A shoe was paid for as late as the year 1788^ by the Duke 
of York (Bray). 

2 Called Burley-on-the-Hill^ to distinguish it from the Earl 
of Exeter's^ near Stamford. The Duke of Buckingham sold it to 
the family of Finch^ Earls of Winchelsea and Nottingham. 

• [See anie, p. 50.] * See ante, voL i. p. 110. 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 89 

are many caverns, especially that of the Scots 
King, and his work whilst there.^ 

This place is remarkable for being the place 
where his Majesty first erected his standard at the 
b^inning of our late unhappy differences.^ The 
prospects from this city towards the river and 
meadows are most delightful 

I5th August. We passed next through Sher- 
wood Forest, accounted the most extensive in 
England. Then, Fapplewick, an incomparable vista 
with the pretty castle near it Thence, we saw 
Newstead Abbey," belonging to the Lord Byron, 
situated much like Fontainebleau in France, 
capable of being made a noble seat, accommodated 
as it is with brave woods and streams ; it has yet 
remaining the front of a glorious abbey church. 
Next, by Mansfield town; then Welbeck, the 
house of the Marquis of Newcastle, seated in a 
bottom in a park, and environed with woods, a 
noble yet melancholy seat. The palace is a hand- 
some and stately building. Next to Worksop 
Abbey, almost demolished; the church has a 
double flat tower entire, and a pretty gate. The 
manor belongs to the Earl of Arundel, and has to 
it a fair house at the foot of a hill in a park that 
affords a delicate prospect Tickhill, a town and 
castle, has a very noble prospect All these in 
Nottinghamshire.^ 

16/A. We arrived at Doncaster, where we lay 
this night ; it is a large fair town, famous for great 
wax-lights, and good stockings. 

^ [Celia Fiennes^ who was '* veiy well Entertained and very 
Reasonably att the Blackmoors head/' speaks of the '^ Cellars 
dugg out of the Rocks " {piary (1689-94), 1888, p. b&):\ 

3 [22nd August, 1642.J 

' An ancient house — sajrs Forster — ^which has passed from 
the old family it then and since belonged to, but not till it had 
derived, from the last Byron who dwelt in it, associations that 
have given it interest. ^ [Tickhill is \n Yorkshire.] 



90 THE DIARY OF i664 

Vlth AugiLst. Passed through Pontefract ; the 
castle, famous for many sieges both of late and 
ancient times, and the death of that unhappy King 
murdered m it (Richard II.), was now demolishing 
by the rebels ; it stands on a mount, and makes a 
;oodly show at a distance. The Queen has a house 
lere, and there are many fair seats near it, especially 
Mr. Pierrepont*s, built at the foot of a hill out of 
the castle ruins. We all alighted in the highway 
to drink at a crystal spring, which they call Robin 
Hood's Well ; near it, is a stone chair, and an iron 
ladle to drink out of, chained to the seat We 
rode to Tadcaster, at the side of which we have 
prospect of the Archbishop's Palace (which is a 
noble seat), and in sight of aivers other gentlemen's 
fair houses. This tract is a goodly, fertile, well- 
watered and wooded country, abounding with 
pasture and plenty of provisions. 

To York, the second city of England, fairly 
walled, of a circular form, watered by the brave 
river Ouse, bearing vessels of considerable burden 
on it ; over it is a stone bridge emulating that of 
London, and built on ; the middle arch is larger 
than any I have seen in England, with a wharf of 
hewn stone, which makes the river appear very 
neat But most remarkable and worthy seeing is 
St Peter's Cathedral, which of all the great 
churches in England had been best preserved ^ from 
the fury of the sacrilegious, by composition with 
the rebels when they took the city, during the 
many incursions of Scotch and others. It is a 
most entire magnificent piece of Gothic architec- 
ture. The screen before the choir is of stone carved 
with flowers, running work, and statues of the old 
kings. Many of the monuments are very ancient 
Here, as a great rarity in these days and at this 
time, they showed me a Bible and Common Prayer- 

^ By Fairfax. 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 91 

Book covered with crimson velvet, and richly 
embossed with silver gilt; also a service for the 
altar of gilt wrought plate, flagons, basin, ewer, 
chalices, patins, etc,, with a gorgeous covering for 
the altar and pulpit, carefully preserved in the 
vestry, in the hollow wall whereof rises a plentiful 
spring of excellent water.^ I got up to the tower, 
whence we had a prospect towards Durham, and 
could see Ripon, part of Lancashire, the famous 
and fatal Marston Moor, the Spas of Knares- 
borough, and all the environs of that admirable 

country. Sir Ingoldsby has here a large 

house, gardens, and tennis-court; also the King's 
house and church near the castle, which was 
modemly fortified with a palisade and bastions. 
The streets are narrow and ill-paved, the shops like 
London. 

ISth Avffust We went to Beverley, a large 
town with two stately churches, St John's* and 
St Mary's, not much inferior to the best of our 
Cathedrals. Here a very old woman showed us 
the monuments, and, being above 100 years of age, 
spake the language of Queen Mary's days, in whose 
time she was bom ; she was widow of a sexton who 
had belonged to the church a hundred years. 

Hence, we passed through a fenny but rich 
country to Hull, situate like Calais, modemly and 
strongly fortified with three block-houses of brick 
and earth. It has a good market-place and harbour 
for ships. Famous also (or rather infamous) is this 
town for Hotham's refusing entrance to his Majesty. 
The water-house is worth seeing. And here ends 
the south of Yorkshire. 

19th. We pass the Humber, an arm of the sea 
of about two leagues' breadth. The weather was 
bad, but we crossed it in a good barge to Barton, 
the first town in that part of Lincolnshire. All 

1 [St Peter's Well.] « [Beverley Minster.] 



92 THE DIARY OF i664 

marsh ground till we came to Brigg, famous for 
the plantations of liquorice, and then had brave 
pleasant riding to Lincoln, much resembling 
Salisbury Plain. Lincoln is an old confused town, 
very long, uneven, steep, and ragged; formerly 
full of good houses, especially churches and abbeys. 
The Minster almost comparable to that of York 
itself abounding with marble pillars, and having 
a fair front (herein was interred Queen Eleanor, 
the loyal and loving wife who sucked the poison 
out of her husband s wound) ; the abbot founder, 
with rare carving in the stone ; the great bell, or 
Tom, as they caU it I went up the steeple, from 
whence is a goodly prospect all over the country. 
The soldiers had lately knocked off most of the 
brasses from the grave-stones, so as few inscriptions 
were left ; they told us that these men went in 
with axes and hammers, and shut themselves in, 
till they had rent and torn off some barge-loads of 
metal, not sparing even the monuments of the 
dead ; so hellish an avarice possessed them : besides 
which, they exceedingly rumed the city. 

Here, I saw a taU woman six feet two inches 
hi^h, comely, middle-aged, and well-proportioned, 
who kept a very neat and clean ale-house, and got 
most by people's coming to see her on account of 
her height 

20th AugvM. From hence we had a most pleas- 
ant ride over a large heath open like Salisbury 
Plain, to Grantham, a pretty town, so well situated 
on the side of a bottom which is large and at a 
distance environed with ascending grounds, that 
for pleasure I consider it comparable to most inland 
places of England ; famous is the steeple for the 
exceeding height of the shaft, which is of stone.^ 

* [" Its a long tjone w" you see a great part of the Steeple 
before you come to see the Church or town it Lies so in a bottom/' 
says Celia Fiennes {Diary (1689-94), 1888, p. 54).] 



«. % 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 98 

About eighteen miles south, we pass by a noble 
seat, and see Boston at a distance. Here, we came 
to a parish of which the parson hath tithe ale. 

Thence through Rutland, we brought night to 
Horninghold,^ from whence I set out on this 
excursion. 

227id August. I went a setting and hawking, 
where we had tolerable sport 

25^A. To see Kirby, a very noble house of my 
Lord Hatton's, in Northamptonshire, built d la 
modeme ; the garden and stables agreeable, but the 
avenue ungraceful, and the seat naked : returned 
that evening. 

21th. Mr. Allington preached an excellent dis- 
coimse from Romans vl 19. This was he who 
published those bold sermons of the members 
warring against the mind, or the Jews crucifying 
Christ, appUed to the wicked regicides ; for which 
he was ruined. We had no sermon in the after- 
noon. 

90th. Taking leave of my friends, who had 
now feasted me more than a month, I, with my 
wife, eta, set our fiEtces towards home, and got this 
evening to Peterborough, passing by a stately 
palace (Thorpe) of St John's (one deep in the 
blood of our good King),* built out of the ruins of 
the Bishop's palace and cloister. The church is 
exceeding fair, full of monuments of great antiquity. 
Here lie Queen Catherine, the unhappy wife of 
Henry VIII., and the no less unfortunate Mary, 
Queen of Scots." On the steeple, we viewed the 

1 [See anUy p. 87.] 

> [Oliver St John, 1598-1673, Chief Justice, and at this time 
Commissioner of Treasury. In I66O he was punished for his 
share in the King's execution by perpetual incapacitation from 
office. He left ^igland in I662.] 

• ["There was also y* 2 monuments of 2 queens, y* of 
Catherine of Spain being Harry y* 8*^ queen, and also y* statute 
of y* queen Mary of Scotts that was both beheaded and buried 



94 THE DIARY OF i664 

fens of Lincolnshire, now much inclosed and 
drained with infinite expense, and by many sluices, 
cuts, mounds, and ingenious mills, and the like 
inventions ; at which the city and country about it 
consisting of a poor and very lazy sort of people, 
were much displeased. 

Peterborough is a handsome town, and hath 
another well-built church. 

81^ AugiLst. Through part of Huntingdon- 
shire, we passed that town, fair and ancient, a river 
running by it The country about it so abounds 
in wheat that, when any King of England passes 
through it, they have a custom to meet him with 
a hundred ploughs. 

This evening, to Cambridge ; and went first to 
St John's College, well built of brick, and library, 
which I think is the £Etirest of that University. 
One Mr. Benlowes * has given it all the ornaments 
of pietra-commessoj^ whereof a table and one piece 
of perspective is very fine ; other trifles there also 
be of no great value, besides a vast old song-book, 
or Service, and some fair manuscripts. There 
hangs in the library the picture of Jonn Williams, 
Archbishop of York, sometime Lord Keeper, my 
kinsman, and their great benefactor.* 

here^ and there is also y* picture of an old man w^ y* Inscription 
of y* whole matter, w^ was y* Sexton and dugg both their 
graves " {Diary of Celia Fiennes (1689-94), 1888, p. 1S2> Mary 
was beh^uled at Fotheringhay Castle, February 8, 1 587, after a 
nineteen years' captivity. James I. removed her body to Henry 
VII/s Chapel in Westminster Abbey.] 

1 Edward Benlowes, 1603-76, a writer of verses esteemed in 
his time, bom of a good family in Essex, and inheritor of a good 
estate, which he wasted by improvident liberality, and continual 
buying of curiosities, as Wood says. [His chief work, TheophUa ; 
or. Lovers Siurifice, 1652, was illustrated by Hollar and others. 
It is included in voL i. of Prof Saintsbury's Caroline Poets, 1905, 
pp. 305-472.] 

2 [See ante, vol. i. p. 142.] 

> [John Williams, 1582-1650; Archbishop of York, 1641-50. 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 95 

Trinity College is said by some to be the fairest 
quadrangle of any university in Europe; but in 
truth is far inferior to that of Christ Church, in 
Oxford ; the hall is ample and of stone, the fountain 
in the quadrangle is graceful, the chapel and library 
fair. There they showed us the prophetic manu- 
script of the famous Grebner, but the passage and 
emblem which they would apply to our late King, 
is manifestly relating to the dwedish ; in truth, it 
seems to be a mere nmtastic rhapsody, however the 
title may bespeak strange revelations. There is an 
office in manuscript with fine miniatures, and some 
other antiquities, given by the Countess of Rich- 
mond, mother of Henry VIIL, and the before- 
mentioned Archbishop Williams,^ when Bishop of 
Lincoln. The library is pretty well stored. The 
Greek Professor had me into another large quad- 
rangle cloistered and well-built, and gave us a 
handsome collation in his own chamber. 

Thence to Caius, and afterwards to King's 
College, where I found the chapel altogether 
answered expectation, especially the roof all of 
stone, which for the flatness of its laying and 
carving may, I conceive, vie with any in Christen- 
dom. The contignation of the roof* (which I went 
upon), weight, and artificial joining of the stones 
is admirable. The lights are also very fair. In 
one aisle lies the famous Dr. Collins, so celebrated 
for his fluency in the Latin tongue.' From this 
roof we could descry Ely, and the encampment of 
Sturbridge fair now beginning to set up their tents 

He had been Lord Keeper and Bishop of Lincoki in 1621. He 
helped to build the library of St. Jolm's College. He was said 
to be ^' a perfect diocese in himself, bishop, dean, prebendary^ 
and parson."] 

1 [See ante, p. 94.] * [See arUe, vol. i. p. 146.] 

> [Samuel Collins, 1576-1651; Provost of King's College^ 
l6l5 ; ejected in l645 by puritans ; Regius Professor of Divinity, 
Cambridge, 1617-51. He wrote pamphlets against fiellarmin.} 



96 THE DIARY OF i6w 

and booths;^ also Royston, Newmarket, etc, 
houses belonging to the King. The library is too 
narrow, 

Clare Hall is of a new and noble design, but not 
finished. 

Peter House, formerly under the government 
of my worthy friend. Dr. Joseph Cosin, Dean of 
Peterborough;* a pretty neat college, having a 
delicate chapel. Next to Sidney, a fine college. 

Catherine Hall, though a mean structure, is yet 
famous for the learned Bishop Andrews, once 
Master. Emmanuel College, that zealous house, 
where to the hall they have a parlour for the 
Fellows. The chapel is reformed, ah origine, built 
north and south, and meanly erected, as is the 
library. 

Jesus College, one of the best built, but in 
a melancholy situation. Next to Christ Collie, a 
ve^ noble erection, especially the modern part, 
built without the quadrangle towards the garaens, 
of exact architecture. 

The Schools are very despicable, and Public 
Library but mean, though somewhat improved by 
the wainscoting and books lately added by the 
Bishop Bancroft's library and MSS. They showed 
us little of antiquity, only King James's Works, 
being his own gift, and kept very reverently. 

The market-place is very ample, and remarkable 
for old Hobson the pleasant carrier's beneficence of 
a fountain.* But the whole town is situate in a 
low dirty unpleasant place, the streets ill-paved, 
the air thick and infected by the fens, nor are its 

^ [Sturbridge Fair was one of the three great Fairs described 
in a proclamation of Charles I.^ '^unto which there is usually 
extraordinary resort out of all parts of the kingdom." Bar- 
tholomew Fair (p. 6) and Southwark Fair (see post, under 13th 
September^ l660) were the other two.] 

2 [See ante, p. 25.] 

^ A conduit it should rather be called. 



1654 JOHN EVELYN 97 

churches (of which St Mary*s is the best) any- 
thing considerable in compare to OxforcL^ 

From Cambridge, we went to Audley-End,^ 
and spent some time in seeing that goodly place 
built by Howard, Earl of Suffolk, once Lord 
Treasurer. It is a mixed fabric, betwixt antique 
and modem, but observable for its being completely 
finished, and without comparison is one of the 
stateliest palaces in the kingdom* It consists of 
two courts, the first very large, winged with 
cloisters. The firont has a double entrance; the 
hall is fair, but somewhat too small for so august 
a pile. The kitchen is very large, as are the c^ars 
arched with stone, very neat and well disposed; 
these offices are joined by a wing out of the way 
very handsomely. The gallery is the most cheerful, 
and I think one of the best in England ; a fair 
dining-room, and the rest of the lodgings answer- 
able, with a pretty chapeL The ga^ens are not 
in order, though well inclosed. It has also a 
bowling-alley, a noble, well walled, wooded, and 
watered park, full of fine coUines and ponds : the 
river gliaes before the palace, to which is an 
avenue of lime trees, but aU this is much diminished 
by its being placed in an obscure bottom. For the 
rest, it is a perfectly uniform structure, and shows 
without like a diadem, by the decorations of the 
cupolas and other ornaments on the pavilions; 
instead of rails and balusters, there is a Dorder of 
capital letters, as was lately also on Sufiblk-House, 
near Charing- Cross, built by the same Lord 
Treasurer." 

^ As an Oxford man Evelyn was biassed. 

2 [Audley £nd^ Safiron Walden^ Lord Braybrooke's seat in 
Essex. Henry Winstanley^ the architect^ etched a set of Prospects 
of AudUy End in 1688, which he dedicated to James II. ; and in 
1 836^ Richard, Lord Braybrooke, published a 4to history of the 
house.] 

' Suffolk House, Charing Cross^ afterwards Northumberland 

VOL. II H 



98 THE DIARY OF iw* 

This house stands in the parish of Saffron 
Walden, famous for the abundance of saffron there 
cultivated, and esteemed the best of any foreign 
country. 

8rd October. Having dined here, we passed 
through Bishop Stortford, a pretty watered town, 
and so by London, late home to Sayes Court, after 
a journey of 700 miles, but for the variety an agree- 
able refreshment after my turmoil and building. 

10th. To my brother at Wotton, who had been 
sick. 

lUh. I went to visit my noble friend, Mr. 
Hillyard,^ where I met that learned gentleman, 
mv Lord Aungier,^ and Dr. Stokes,* one of his 
Majesty's Chapkins. 

15th. To Betch worth Castle,* to Sir Ambrose 
Browne, and other gentlemen of my sweet and 
native country.* 

24M. The good old parson, Higham, preached 
at Wotton Church : a plain preacher, but mnocent 
and honest man.^ 

House. At the funeral of Anne of Denmark, a young man was 
killed by the £ei11 of the letter S from the coping of capital 
letters here mentioned by Evelyn (Register of Burials at St. 
Martin in the Fields, l6l9> 

1 [See ante, p. 67.] 

^ Gerald, eldest son of Sir Francis Aungier, Master of the 
Rolls in 1609, and created Baron Aungier of Loi^ord in the 
Irish Peerage in l621. Gerald Aungier died in lo55, and was 
succeeded by his nephew, Francis, afterwards created Earl of 
Longford (1677). 

8 [Dr. David Stokes, 159I-I669. At this date, as a royalist, 
he had been despoiled of all his preferments. But he was 
reinstated at the Restoration.] 

* [Betchworth or Beechworth Castle, on the W. bank of the 
Mole, near Dorking, the seat, in Evelyn's day, of Sir Ambrose 
Browne, who was made a baronet in 1627. It now forms part 
of the Deepdene. Of the Castle itself only ruins remain. The 
estate was bought in 1727 by Abraham Tucker ["Edward 
Search"], author of the Light of Nature Pursued, 1768-78. He 
died there in 1774.] 

5 [Queiy, — county, i.e, Surrey.] • [See ante, p. 68.] 



1W6 JOHN EVELYN 99 

81st October. My birthday, being the 84th year 
of my age : blessing God for His providence, I went 
to London to visit my brother. 

28rd November. I went to London, to visit my 
cousin Fanshawe,^ and this day I saw one of the 
rarest collections of agates, onyxes, and intaglios, 
that I had ever seen either at home or abroad,, 
collected by a conceited old hat-maker in Black- 
friars, especially one agate vase, heretofore the 
great Ean of Leicester's. 

28M. Came Lady Lai^ham, a kinswoman of 
mine, to visit us ; also one Captain Cooke, esteemed 
the best singer, after the Italian manner, of any in 
England; he entertained us with his voice and 
theorbo.* 

8rd December. Advent Sunday. There being 
no Office at the church but extemporary prayers 
after the Presbyterian way, for now all forms were 
prohibited, and most of the preachers were usurpers,. 
I seldom went to church upon solenm feasts ; but^ 
either went to London, where some of the orthodox 
sequestered Divines did privately use the Common 
Prayer, administer sacraments, eta, or else I pro- 
cured one to officiate in my house ; wherefore, on the 
10th, Dr. Richard Owen, the sequestered minister 
of Eltham," preached to my fanuly in my library^ 
and gave us the holy Communion. 

25th. Christmas - day. No public offices in 
churches, but penalties on observers, so as I was 
constrained to celebrate it at home. 

1654-5 : 1^^ January. Having with my family 
performed the public offices of the day, and b^ged 
a blessing on the year I was now entering, I went 

^ [See amUy p. 51.1 

^ [Henry C(X)ke, a. 1672^ at this date a teacher of mosie, and 
afterwards choirmaster of the Chapel Royal. He had been a 
Captain in the Royalist Army.] 

• [See ante, p. 8.] 



100 THE DIARY OF i665 

to keep the rest of Christmas at my brother's, 
R. Evelyn, at Woodcote. 

19thJaniuiry. My wife was brought to bed of 
another son, being my third, but second living. 
Christened^ on the 26th by the name of John. 

2Sth. A stranger preached from Colossians iiL 2, 
inciting our affections to the obtaining heavenly 
things. I understood afterwards that this man had 
been both Chaplain and Lieutenant to Admiral 
Penn,* using botn swords ; whether ordained or not 
I cannot say ; into such times were we fallen ! 

24/A February. I was showed a table -clock 
whose balance was only, a crystal ball, sliding on 
parallel wires, without bein^ at all fixed, but 
ToUing from stage to stiage tin falling on a spring 
concealed from sight, it was thrown up to the 
utmost channel again, made with an imperceptible 
declivity, in this continual vicissitude of motion 
prettily entertaining the eye every half minute, and 
the next half giving progress to the hand that 
showed the hour, and giving notice by a small bell, 
so as in 120 half minutes, or periods of the bullet's 
falling on the ejaculatory spring, the clock-part 
struck. This very extraoidinary piece (richly 
adorned) had been presented by some German 
Prince to our late King, and was now in possession 
of the Usurper ; valued at £200. 

2nd March. Mr. Simpson, the King's jeweller, 
showed me a most rich agate cup, of a scallop- 
shape, and having a figure of Cleopatra at the 
scroll, her body, hair, mantle, and veil, of the 
several natural colours. It was supported by a half 
Mark Antony, the colours rarely natural, and the 

* At St. Nicholas, Deptford. See Ljsons, Environs of London, 
£nd ed., 1811, vol. i. part 2, p. 462. 

« [Admiral, afterwards Sir William Pemi, 1621-70. He 
fought under Blake in the first Dutch war, and captured Jamaica 
in uiis year. He was made a Commissioner of the Navy at the 
Restoration, and his name often occurs in Pepys.] 



1665 JOHN EVELYN 101 

work truly antique, but I conceived they were of 
several pieces ; had they been all of one stone, it 
were invaluable. 

18^A March. Went to London, on purpose to 
hear that excellent preacher. Dr. Jeremy Taylor,^ 
on Matt xiv. 17, showing what were the conditions 
of obtaining eternal life: also, concerning abate- 
ments for unavoidable infirmities, how cast on the 
accounts of the cross. On the 81st, I made a visit 
to Dr. Jeremy Taylor, to confer with him about 
some spiritual matters, using him thenceforward as 
my ghostly father. I beseech God Almighty to 
make me ever mindful of, and thankful for. His 
heavenly assistances 1 

2nd April This was the first week, that, my 
uncle Pret3rman * being parted with his family from 
me, I began housekeeping, till now sojourning 
with him in my own house. 

9tk I went to see the great ship newly built by 
the Usurper, Oliver, carrying ninety-six brass-guns^ 
and 1000 tons burden* In the prow was Olivei 
on horseback, trampling six nations under foot, a 
Scot, Irishman, Dutchman, Frenchman, Spaniard, 
and English, as was easily made out by their 
several habits. A Fame held a laurel over his 
insulting head ; the word, God with vs. 

15th. I went to London with my family, to 
celebrate the feast of Easter. Dr. Wild preached 
at St Gregory's ; ' the ruling Powers conniving at 
the use of the Liturgy, etc., in this church alone. 
In the afternoon, Mr. Pearson (since Bishop of 
Chester)* preached at Eastcheap, but was disturbed 

1 [See anUs, p. 70.1 « [See anU, p. 3.] 

» [Dr. George Wild, l6lO-65, afterwards Bishop of Deny^ 

1661-65. He had kept up a reli^ous meeting for the royalists 

in Fleet Street] 

^ [See ante, p. 64. Dr. Pearson was at this date weekly 

preacher at St. Clement's, Eastcheap, where he was delivering 

the discourses afterwards forming his book on the Creed.] 



102 THE DIARY OF i665 

by an alarm of fire, which about this time was very 
frequent in the City. 

29th May. I sold Preston ^ to Colonel Morley. 

17th June. There was a collection for the per- 
secuted churches and Christians in Savoy, remnants 
of the ancient Albigenses. 

8rd July. I was showed a pretty terrella,^ de- 
scribed with all the circles, and showing all the 
magnetic deviations. 

14ith. Came Mr. Pratt,' my old acquaintance at 
Rome, also Sir Edward Hales,^ Sir Joseph Tufton, 
with Mr. Seymour. 

1*^ August. I went to Dorking, to see Mr. 
Charles Howard s amphitheatre, garden, or solitary 
recess,** being fifteen acres environed by a hill. 
He showed us divers rare plants, caves, and an 
elaboratory. 

10th. To Albury, to visit Mr. Howard,® who 
had b^un to build, and alter the gardens much. 
He showed me many rare pictures, particularly 
the Moor on horseback; Erasmus, as big as the 
life, by Holbein; a Madonna, in miniature, by 
Oliver ; but, above all, the skull carved in wood, 
by Albert Diirer, for which his father was offered 
£100 ; also Albert's head, by himself with divers 
rare agates, intaglios, and other curiosities. 

21*^. I went to Reigate, to visit Mrs. Cary, at 

1 [See anle, p. 6.] 

^ [A terrestrial globe made of loadstone^ to illustrate the 
direction of magnetic force on the earth. It had been in vogue 
since the publication of William Gilbert's De Magnete Magneti- 
cisque Corporibus, l600 (Globe Pepvs, p. 231 ».).] 

8 [Roger (afterwards Sir Roger) Pratt, 1620-84, the architect 
of Clarendon House (see post, under 15th October, 1664).] 

* [Sir Edward Hales, Bart, d, l695, titular Earl of Tenterden 
{see post, under 13th December, 1688).] 

^ [Deepdene. It now belongs to Lord Henry Francis Pelham 
Clinton Hope, but is at present rented by Lady William Beres- 
ford.] 

• [See anie, voL L p. 312.] 



1655 JOHN EVELYN 108 

my Lady Peterborough's, in an ancient monastery 
well in repair,^ but Uie park much defaced ; the 
house is nobly furnished. The chimney-piece in 
the great chamber, carved in wood, was of Henry 
VIII., and was taken from a house of his in Bletch- 
ingley. At Rei^ate, was now the Archbishop 
of Armagh, the Teamed James Ussher,' whom I 
went to visit He received me exceeding kindly. 
In discourse with him, he told me how great the 
loss of time was to study much the Eastern 
languages; that, excepting Hebrew, there was 
little &uit to be gathered of exceeding labour ; 
that, besides some mathematical books, the Arabic 
itself had little considerable; that the best text 
was the Hebrew Bible ; that the Septuagint was 
finished in seventy days, but full of errors, about 
which he was then writing; that St. Jerome's 
was to be valued next the Hebrew ; also that the 
seventy translated the Pentateuch only, the rest 
was finished by others ; that the Italians at present 
understood but little Greek, and Kircher was a 
mountebank ; ' that Mr. Selden's best book was his 
Titles of Honour;^ that the Church would be 
destroyed by sectaries, who would in all likelihood 
bring in Popery. In conclusion, he recommended 
to me the study of philolo^, above all human 
studies; and so, with his blessing, I took my 
leave of this excellent person, and returned to 
Vl^otton. 

27 tk Atiffust. I went to Box Hill, to see those 
rare naturid bowers, cabinets, and shady walks in 
the box-copses : hence we walked to Mickleham, and 

^ [Reigate Priory. The modem house which now occupies 
the site, and still preserves the chimney-piece mentioned by 
Eveljni, belongs to the family of Lady Henry Somerset. But 
Manning says the chimney-piece came from Nonsuch.] 



* [See ante, p. 54.1 



See anU, vol. i. p. l62.] * [l6l4.] 



104 THE DIARY OF i665 

saw Sir F. Stidolph's seat,^ environed with elm trees 
and walnuts innumerable, and of which last he told 
us they received a considerable revenue. Here 
are such goodly walks and hills shaded with yew ^ 
and box, as render the place extremely agreeable, 
it seeming from these evergreens to be summer all 
the winter. 

2%th August. Came that renowned mathema- 
tician, Mr. Oughtred, to see me, I sending my coach 
to bring him to Wotton, being now very aged.* 
Amongst other discourse, he tmd me he thought 
water to be the philosopher s first matter, and t£at 
he was weU persuaded of the possibility of then* 
elixir ; he believed the sun to oe a material fire, 
the moon a continent, as appears by the late 
selenographers ; he had strong apprehensions of 
some extraordinary event to happen the following 
year, from the calculation of coincidence with the 
diluvian period ; and added that it might possibly 
be to convert the Jews by our Saviour's visible 
appearance, or to jud^e the world ; and therefore, 
his word was, Parate %n occursum ; ^ he said original 
sin was not met with in the Greek Fathers, yet he 
believed the thing ; this was from some discourse 
on Dr. Taylor's late book,^ which I had lent him. 

16th September. Preached at St. Gregory's one 
Darnel, on Psalm iv. 4, concerning the benefit of 
self-examination ; more learning in so short a time 
as an hour I have seldom heard. 

^ [Norbuiy Park^ then in possession of Sir Francis Stidolph, 
and aflerwanls the well-known residence of Mme. D'Arblay's 
friend, Mr. William Locke. The " walnuts innumerable " were 
all cut down by an intermediate owner, Anthony Chapman. 
The house now belongs to Leopold Salomons, Esq., J. P.] 

' [The famous Druids' Grove, datii^ from Domesday Book.] 

• See ante, p. 68. He was eighty.] 

^ [Evelyn subsequently referred to this warning in a letter to 
Jeremy Taylor.] 

* [The Golden Grove, anon., 1655.] 



1655 JOHN EVELYN 105 

I7tk September. Received £2600 of Mr. Hurt, for 
the Manor of Warley M^na, in Essex, purchased 
by me some time since.^ The taxes were so intoler- 
able that they eat up the rents, etc, surcharged as 
that county had been above all others during our 
unnatural war. 

19^^ Came to see me Sir Edward Hales,* 
Mr. Ashmole,' Mr. Harlakenton, and Mr. Thorn - 
hill : and, the next day, I visited Sir Henry Newton, 
at Charlton,* where I met the Earl of Winchelsea,* 
and Lady Beauchamp, daughter to the Lord Capel. 

On Sunday afternoon, I frequently staid at 
home to catechise and instruct my family, those 
exercises universally ceasing in the parish churches, 
so as people had no principles, and grew very 

rorant of even the common points of Christianity ; 
devotion being now placed in hearing sermons 
and discourses of speculative and notiond^ things. 

26tk. I went to see Colonel Blount's subter- 
ranean warren,^ and drank of the wine of his vine- 
yard, which was good for little. 

81^ [sic]. Sir Nicholas Crisp came to treat with 
me about his vast design of a mole ^ to be made 
for ships in part of my grounds at Sayes Court 

8ra November. I had accidentally discourse with 
a Persian and a Greek concerning the devastation 
of Poland by the late incursion of the Swedes. 

27th. To London, about Sir Nicholas Crisp's 
designs. 

I went to see York House and gardens, belonging 

1 [See ante, p. 11.] « [See ante, p. 102.] 

' pBlias Ashmole^ l6l7-92> the antiquary (see post, under 17th 
September^ 1657).] 

* [See ante, p. 56,] 

^ [Heneage Finch^ second Earl of Winchelsea^ d. 1689 (see 
post, under 18th June, l660.] 

• [See anie, p. 60.] 

^ [Sir Nicholas Crisp^ customs farmer, 1599-1666. See past, 
under l6th January, 1662. He was made a baronet this year.] 



106 THE DIARY OF im 

to the former great Buckingham, but now much 
rumed through neglect.^ 

Thence, to visit honest and learned Mr. Hartlib,* 
a public -spirited and ingenious person, who had 
propagated many useful things and arts. He told 
me of the castles which they set for ornament on 
their stoves in Germany (he himself being a Lithu- 
anian, as I remember), which are furnished with 
small ordnance of silver on the battlements, out of 
which they discharge excellent perfumes about the 
rooms, charging them with a little powder to set 
them on fire, and disperse the smoke : and, in truth, 
no more than need, for their stoves are suflftciently 
nasty. He told me of an ink that would give a 
dozen copies, moist sheets of paper being pressed 
on it, and remain perfect; and a receipt now to 
take off any print without the least injury to the 
original This gentleman was master of innumer- 
able curiosities, and very communicative. I re- 
turned home that evening by water, and was 
afiBicted for it with a cold that had almost killed me. 

This day, came forth the Protector s Edict, or 
Proclamation, prohibiting all ministers of the 
Church of England from preaching or teaching any 
schools,' in which he imitated the apostate, Julian ; 

^ [George Villiers^ first Duke of the second creation^ 159^-1628. 
York House at this date belonged to General Fairfax^ to whom 
it had been given by Cromweu ; and Fairfax's daughter Mary 
married the second and last Duke of the Villiers family in 
September^ 1657. The first Duke's names and titles are still 
preserved in the buildings erected on the site of York House : 
as George Street, Villiers Street, Duke Street, Of Alley (now 
York Place), and Buckingham Street.] 

^ [Samuel Hartlib, d, l670, a Pole, and friend of Milton. 
He wrote a Ducours of Husbandrie used in Brabant and Flanden, 
1652, etc His life was written in 1865, with a bibUography 
and notices of his works, by the late Heniy Dircks. He is on;en 
mentioned in Evelyn's Correspondence,] 

» ["This," says the Annals of England, 1876, p. 451, was "the 
only resource left to the majority." See infra, 25th December.] 



i«66 JOHN EVELYN 107 

with the decimation of all the royal party's revenues 
throughout En^land.^ 

\Uh December. I visited Mr. Hobbes, the 
famous philosopher of Malmesbury, with whom I 
had been long acquainted in France.^ 

Now were the Jews admitted/ 

25th. There was no more notice taken of 
Christmas-day in churches. 

I went to London, where Dr. Wild * preached 
the funeral sermon of Preaching, this being the 
last day; after which, Cromwell's proclamation 
was to take place, that none of the Church of 
England should dare either to preach, or administer 
Sacraments, teach schools, etc, on pain of imprison- 
ment, or exile. So this was the moumfullest day 
that in my life I had seen, or the Church of 
England herself, since the Reformation; to the 
great rejoicing of both Papist and Presbyter/ So 
pathetic was his discourse, that it drew many tears 
from the auditory. Myself, wife, and some of our 
family, received the Communion; God make me 
thankful, who hath hitherto provided for us the 
food of our souls as well as bodies 1 The Lord 
Jesus pity our distressed Church, and bring back 
the captivity of Zion 1 

1655-6: 5tk January. Came to visit me my 
Lord Lisle, son to the Earl of Leicester,* with Sir 

^ [This was extended to all who had ever borne arms for the 
KingJ 

* rSee ante, p. 39.] 

* [They had been expelled in 1290. But Evelyn is wrong in 
sa3ring they were now admitted. No formal decision was come 
to^ but they began to settle again in small numbers in l657.] 

* rSee anU, p. 101.] 

* llie text was 2 Cor. xiii. 9. That, however persecution 
dealt with the Ministers of God's Word, they were still to pray 
for the flock, and wish their perfection, as it was [fori the flock to 
may for and assist their pastors, by the example of St PauL — 
Evelyn* s Note, 

^ [See poit, under 27th August, l678.] 



108 THE DIARY OF leM 

Charles Ouseley, two of the Usurper's council; 
Mr. John Hervey,^ and John benham, the 
poet* 

ISth January. Went to Eltham • on foot, bemg 
a great frost, but a mist falling as I returned, gave 
me such a rheum as kept me within doors near a 
whole month after. 

bih February. Was showed me a pretty per- 
spective and weU represented in a triangular box, 
the great Church of Haarlem in Holland, to be 
seen through a small hole at one of the comers, 
and contrived into a handsome cabinet It was 
so rarely done, that all the artists and painters in 
town flocked to see and admire it 

lOtk I heard Dr. Wilkins* preach before the 
Lord Mayor in St Paul's, showing how obedience 
was preferable to sacrifice. He was a most 
obliging person, who had married the Pro- 
tector's sister,^ and took great pains to preserve 
the Universities from the ignorant sacrilegious 
commanders and soldiers, who would fain nave 
demolished all places and persons that pretended 
to learning. 

ll^A. I ventured to go to Whitehall, where of 
many years I had not been, and found it very 
glorious and well furnished, as far as I could safely 
ffo, and was glad to find they had not much 
de&ced that rare piece of Henry VII., etc, done 
on the walls of the King's privy chamber. 

lUh. I dined with Mr. Berkeley, son of Lord 
Berkeley, of Berkeley Castle, where I renewed my 
acquaintance with my Lord Bruce, my fellow- 
traveller in Italy.* 

^ [John Hervejy l6l6-79> afterwards Treasurer to Catherine 
of Braganza^ and patron of Abraham Cowley.] 
• rSee ante, p. 70.1 » [See poti, p. 1 lO.J 

^ See ante, p. 76.J * [Robina French, nie Cromwell.] 

« [See anU, vol. i. p. 297.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 109 

19tk February. Went with Dr. Wilkins to see 
Barlow, the famous pamter of fowls, beasts, and 
birds.^ 

^tk March. This night I was invited by Mr. 
Roger L'Estrange^ to hear the incomparable Lubicer 
on the violin. His variety on a few notes, and plain 
ground, with that wonderful dexterity, was admir- 
able. Though a young man, yet so perfect and 
skilful, that there was nothing, however cross and 
perplexed, brought to him by our artists, which he 
did not play off at sight with ravishing sweetness 
and improvements, to the astonishment of our best 
masters. In sum, he played on the single instrument 
a full concert, so as the rest flung down their 
instruments, acknowledging the victory. As to 
my own paiticular, I stand to this hour amazed 
that God should give so great perfection to so 
young a person. There were at that time as 
excellent in their profession as any were thought 
to be in Europe, Paul Wheeler, Mr. Mell, and 
others, tiU this prodigy appeared. I can no longer 
question the effects we read of in David's harp to 
charm evil spirits, or what is said some particular 

^ Francis Barlow, 1626-1702. His most famous work is his 
Fables ofMsop, l665. He occasionally painted portraits. 

^ Afterwanis knighted ; and licenser of the press to Charles 
n., and James H., in whose Parliament he was returned for 
Winchester. He was the author of several works^ chiefly 
translations ; was a fierce and reckless advocate of high Churcn 
principles; and established a newspaper called the Public 
Iniell^encer, which he afterwards changed to London GazeUe, 
and ultimately to a paper called the Observator, 1681-87 (see post, 
under 7th May, 1685). Pepys (I7th December, l664)aescribes 
him as '^a man of fine conversation/' ^'most courtly, and full of 
compliments" ; but seeking his society for the purpose of obtaining 
news. He was knoivn among the courtiers as '^ Oliver's fiddler," 
owing to a report, which he strenuously denied, that he had once 
played the violin in the presence of the Protector. Queen 
Mary had a great antipathy to him, and, by rearranging the 
letters of his name, gave him the appellation of ^^ Lying Strange 
Roger." He was bom in l6l6, and died in 1704. 



110 THE DIARY OF i656 

notes produced in the passions of Alexander, and 
that King of Denmark. 

12tk April Mr. Berkeley and Mr. Robert Boyle 
(that excellent person and great virtuoso),^ Dr. 
Taylor, and Dr. Wilkins, dined with me at Sayes 
Court, when I presented Dr. Wilkins with my 
rare burning-glass. In the afternoon, we all went 
to Colonel Blount's, to see his new -invented 
ploughs.^ 

22nd. Came to see Mr. Henshaw and Sir 
William Pastons son, since Earl of Yarmouth.* 
Afterwards, I went to see his Majesty's house at 
Eltham, both palace and chapel in miserable ruins, 
the noble woods and park destroyed by Rich, the 
rebel* 

6tk May. I brought Monsieur le Franc, a 
young French Sorbonnist, a proselyte, to con- 
verse with Dr. Taylor; they fell to dispute on 
original sin, in Latin, upon a book newly published 
by the Doctor, who was much satisfied with the 

{roung man. Thence, to see Mr. Dugdale, our 
earned antiquary and herald.^ Returning, I was 
showed the three vast volumes of Father Kircher s, 
Oheliscus Paviphilius and ASgyptiacus; in the 
second volume, I found the hieroglyphic I first 
communicated and sent to him at Rome by the 
hands of Mr. Henshaw, whom he mentions; I 

1 The Hon. Robert Boyle, 1627-91, fifth surviving son of 
Richard Boyle^ styled ''the great Earl of Cork," and a dis- 
tinguished natural philosopher and chemist. His name occurs 
frequently in the Dtaty. * [See ante, p. 105.1 

^ Sir Robert Paston, Bart, 1631-83^ who obtained great 
reputation as a Royalist commander, and for whose services 
Charles II., in l673, created him Viscount Yarmouth. In l679 
he was made first Earl of Yarmouth. 

^ [Nathanael Rich, d. 1701, to whom it had been sold by the 
Parliament.] 

6 [William (afterwards Sir William) Dugdale, 1605-86, at this 
date Chester Herald, and co-author of the first volume ot 
MonatUcan AngUconufiu] 



I 



1656 JOHN EVELYN 111 

designed it from the stone itself brought me to 
Vemee from Cairo by Captain PowelL^ 

1th May. I visited Dr. Taylor, and prevailed on 
him to propose Monsieur le Franc to the Bishop 
that he might have Orders, I having sometime before 
brought him to a full consent to the Church of 
England, her doctrine and discipline, in which he 
had till of late made some difficulty ; so he was this 
day ordained both deacon and priest by the Bishop 
of Meath. I paid the fees to his lordship, who was 
very poor and in great want; to that necessity 
were our clergy reduced 1 In the afternoon, I met 
Alderman Robinson, to treat with Mr. Papillion 
about the marriage of my cousin, George Tuke, 
with Mrs. Fontaine. 

%th. I went to visit Dr. Wilkins, at Whitehall, 
when I first met with Sir P. Neile,* famous for his 
optic glasses. Greatorex,^ the mathematical-instru- 
ment maker, showed me his excellent invention to 
quench fire. 

12th. Was published my Essay on Lucretius,* 
with innumerable errata by the negligence of Mr. 

^ See ante, voL i. p. 309. 

« [Sir Paul NeUe, of White Waltham, Berks, eldest son of 
Richard Neile, Archbishop of York. Pepys mentions him under 
10th January, l662, and elsewhere.] 

' [Ralph Greatorex, d, 1712? He was also well known to 
Pepys.] 

^ '' An Essay on the First Book of T. Lucretius Carus de Rerum 
Natura, Interpreted and made English verse by J. Evelyn, Esq. 
London, 1656." The frontispiece was designed by Mrs. Eveljni^ 
and engraved by Hollar. Infixed to the copy in the library 
at Wotton House, is this note in Evelyn's own handwriting: 
" Never was book so abominably misused by printer : never copy 
so negligently surveied by one who undertooke to looke over the 
proofe-sheetes with all exactnesse and care, namely Dr. Triplet, 
well knowne for his abilitie, and who pretended to oblige me in 
my absence, and so readily offer'd himselfe. This good yet I 
received by it, that publishing it vainely, its ill successe at the 
printer's discouraged me with troubling the worlde with the 
rest. 



} 



112 THE DIARY OF iw 

Triplet, who undertook the correction of the press 
in my absence. Little of the Epicurean philosophy 
was then known amongst us. 

2Sth May. I dined with Nieuport, the Holland 
Ambassador, who received me with extraordinary 
courtesy. I found hun a judicious, crafty, and 
wise man. He gave me excellent cautions as to 
the danger of the times, and the circumstances our 
nation was in. I remember the observation he 
made upon the ill success of our former Parlia- 
ments, and their private animosities, and Uttle care 
of the public 

Came to visit me the old Marquis of Argyll 
(since executed),^ Lord Lothian, and some other 
Scotch noblemen, all strangers to me. Note, the 
Marquis took the turtle-doves in the aviary for owls. 

The Earl of Southampton (since Treasurer)^ and 
Mr. Spencer, brother to the Earl of Sunderland,^ 
came to see my garden. 

7tk July. I began my journey to see some parts 
of the north-east of England; but the weather 
was so excessive hot and dusty, I shortened my 
progress. 

1 Archibald Campbell, eighth Earl, 1598-l66l. He was 
created Marquis of Argyll in 1641. In the subsequent 
troubles he took his place at the head of the Scotch G>venanters, 
and did so much damage to Charles I.'s cause, that the 
wrong was not considered to have been expiated by his sub- 
sequent proclamation of Charles II. Evelyn, who knew him 
wcdl, calls him a ^^ turbulent" man; and at the Restoration, 
having been convicted of high treason, he had his head struck 
off by the Maiden, at the market-cross of Edinburgh, on the 27th 
of May, 1661. 

s Thomas Wriothesley, fourth Earl of Southampton, 1 607-67, 
a distinguished royalist, who at the Restoration was appointed 
Lord High Treasurer. His second daughter, Rachel, was the vh£e 
of the patriot. Lord William RusselL He married three times ; 
but dying without male issue, all his honours became extinct. 
Evelyn enjoyed much of his hospitality, and characterises him 
as a person of extraordinary parts, but a valetudinarian. 

« [See poit, under 15th July, 1669.] 



..^m-'s 



1656 



JOHN EVELYN 118 



Stk July. To Colchester, a fair town, but now 
wretchedly demolished by the late siege,^ especially 
the suburbs, which were all burnt, but were then 
repairing. The town is built on a rising ground, 
having fair meadows on one side, and a river with 
a strong ancient castle, said to have been built by 
King Coilus, father of Helena, mother of Con- 
stantine the Great, of whom I find no memory 
save at the pinnacle of one of their wool-staple 
houses, where is a statue of Coilus, in wood, 
wretchedly carved. The walls are exceeding strong, 
deeply trenched, and filled with earth. It has six 
gates, and some watch-towers, and some handsome 
churches. But what was showed us as a kind of 
miracle, at the outside of the Castle, [was] the wall 
where Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, those 
valiant and noble persons who so bravely behaved 
themselves in the last siege,^ were barbarously shot, 
murdered by Ireton in cold blood, after surrendering 
on articles ; having been disappointed of relief from 
the Scotch army, which had been defeated with the 
King at Worcester. The place was bare of grass 
for a large space, all the rest of it abounding with 
herbage. For the rest, this is a ragged and factious 
town, now swarming with sectaries. Their trading 
is in cloth with the Dutch, and baize and says^ 
with Spain ; it is the only place in England where 
these stuffs are made unsophisticated. It is also 
famous for oysters^ and eringo root, growing 
hereabout, and candied for sale. 

* rin 1648. See ante, p. 5.] 2 ^^ee anU, p. 52.] 

* [" ' They [the Dutch] were the first that brought into the 
nation the art of making those slight stuffs call'd Bmfs and Sm^ 
and other Linnen and Woollen-cloths of the same kind.' This 
manufacture principally settled at Colchester and its vicinity, 
and for a long period flourished exceedingly " (Beck's Draper's 
Dictionary, s.v. The quotation is said to be from the History of 
Britain, l670>] 

* [Which are also referred to by Celia Fiennes. " This town 

VOL. II I 



114 THE DIARY OF im 

Went to Dedham, a pretty country town, having 
a very fair church, findy situated, the valley weU 
watered. Here, I met with Dr. Stokes, a young 
gentleman, but an excellent mathematician. This 
is a clothing town, as most are in Essex, but lies 
in the unwholesome hundreds. 

Hence to Ipswich, doubtless one of the sweetest, 
most pleasant, weU-built towns in England. It has 
twelve fair churches, many noble houses, especially 
the Lord Devereux's; a brave quay, and com- 
modious harbour, bein^ about seven miles from the 
main; an ample market-place. Here was born 
the great Cardinal Wolsey, who began a palace 
here, which was not finished. 

I had the curiosity to visit some Quakers here 
in prison; a new fanatic sect,^ of dangerous 
principles, who show no respect to any man, 
magistrate, or other, and seem a melancholy, proud 
sort of people, and exceedingly ignorant. One of 
these was said to have fasted twenty days; but 
another, endeavouring to do the like, perished 
on the 10th, when he would have eaten, but 
could not* 

10th July. I returned homeward, passing again 
through Colchester; and, by the way, near the 
ancient town of Chelmsford, saw New Hall, built 
in a park by Henry VII. and VIII., and given by 
Queen Elizabeth to the Earl of Sussex, who sold it 

is remarkable ... for Exceeding good oysters^ but its a dear place 
and to Grattifye my Curiosity to Bate them on y* place I paid 
dear" (Diary (1689-94), 1888, p. 116),] 

^ [Tney began in England about l646 ; and received their 
name in 1650 from Justice Bennet of Derby, "who," says Fox, 
" was the first that called us Quakers, because I bid them tremble 
at the name of the Lord." In l655. Fox '^gave forth a paper 
to those that made a scorn of trembling and quaking " (^George 
Foxs Journal, abridged by P. L. Parker, 1903, pp. 48, 147).] 

* [Fox certainly &sted. "I fastedmuch" — he writes in l647 ; 
and in l653, " about this time I was in a fast for about ten days " 
(Journal ut supra, pp. 11,11 1).] « 



iw« JOHN EVELYN 115 

to the late great Duke of Buckingham, and since 
seized on by Oliver Cromwell (pretended Pro- 
tector).^ It is a fair old house, built with brick,, 
low, being only of two stories, as the manner then 
was ; the gate-house better ; the court, large and 
pretty; the staircase, of extraordinary wideness, 
with a piece representing Sir Francis Drake's action 
in the year 1580, an excellent sea-piece; the 
galleries are trifling ; the hall is noble ; the garden 
a fair plot, and the whole seat well accommodated 
with water; but, above all, I admired the fair 
avenue planted with stately lime trees, in four 
rows, for near a mile in length. It has three 
descents, which is the only fault, and may be 
reformed. There is another fair walk of the same 
at the mall and wilderness, with a tennis-court, 
and pleasant terrace towards the park, which was 
well stored with deer and ponds. 

11th July. Came home by Greenwich ferry, where 
I saw Sir J. Winter s * project of charring sea-coal, 
to burn out the sulphur, and render it sweet. He 
did it by burning the coals in such earthen pots as 
the glass-men mdt their metal, so firing them with* 
out consuming them, using a bar of iron in each 
crucible, or pot, which bar has a hook at one end^ 
that so the coals being melted in a furnace with 
other crude sea-coals under them, may be drawn 
out of the pots sticking to the iron, whence they 
are beaten off in great half-exhausted cinders, which 
being re-kindled, make a clear pleasant chamber- 
fire, deprived of their sulphur and arsenic malignity. 
What success it may have, time will discover. 

1 [Cromwell exchanged New Hall for Hampton Court At 
the Restoration, it reverted to the second Duke of Buckingham, 
who sold it to Monck. In 1892, it was a Roman CathoUc 
Nunnery.] 

* [Sir John Winter, 1600-73, secretary to Henrietta Maria, 
and an active Royalist, employed his leisure in the production of 
coke, for which, after the Restoration, he obtained a monopoly.] 



116 THE DIARY OF i65« 

8rd August I went to London, to receive the * 
Blessed Sacrament, the first time the Church of 
England was reduced to a chamber and conventicle ; 
so sharp was the persecution. The parish-churches 
were filled with sectaries of all sorts, blasphemous 
and ignorant mechanics usurping the pulpits every- 
where.^ Dr. Wild * preached in a private house in 
Fleet -street, .where we had a great meeting of 
zealous Christians, who were generally much more 
devout and religious than in our greatest prosperity. 
In the afternoon, I went to the French Church in 
the Savoy,* where I heard Monsieur d'Espagne 
catechise, and so returned to my house. 

20th. Was a confused election of Parliament 
called by the Usurper. 

7th September. I went to take leave of my excel- 
lent neighbour and friend. Sir H. Newton and lady,* 
now going to dwell at Warwick ; and Mr. Needham, 
my dear and learned friend, came to visit me.^ 

14ith. Now was old Sir Henry Vane® sent to 
Carisbrooke Castle, in Wirfit, for a foolish book he 
published ; the pretended Protector fortifying him- 
self exceedingly, and sending many to prison. 

2nd October. Came to visit me my cousin 
Stephens,^ and Mr. Pierce (since Head of Magdalen 
College, Oxford),® a learned minister of Brington, in 

1 [See ante, p. 69.] ^ [See ante, p. 101.1 

* [From this it would seem that there was a " French Church 
in the Savoy " before that established by Charles II. in I66I 
(Wheatley and Cunningham's London, 1891^ iii. 218).] 

* [See ante, p. 105.] 

^ Jasper Needham^ d. 1679^ a physician of great repute^ and 
one of Eveljm's oldest friends (see post, under 4th November, 

1679). 

« [The younger, I6IS-62. The old Sir Harry Vane died in 
this year. The " foolish book," to which Eveljm refers, was an 
able and fearless attack on Cromwell's arbitrary government.] 



7 [See ante, p. 66.] 

8 [Dr. " 



Thomas Pierce, l622-9I> President of Magdalen 
College, Oxfoid, 1661-72 ; and Dean of Salisbury, 1675.] 



■I * 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 117 

Northamptonshire, and Captain Cooke/ both ex- 
cellent musicians. 

2nd N&oember. There was now nothing practical 
preached, or that pressed reformation of life, but 
high and speculative points and strains that few 
understood, which left people very ignorant, and 
of no steady principles, the source of all our 
sects and divisions, for there was much envy and 
uncharity in the world ; God of his mercy amend 
it! Now, indeed, that I went at all to churchy 
whilst these usurpers possessed the pulpits, was 
that I might not be suspected for a Papist, 
and that, though the minister was Presbjrterianly 
affected, he yet was as I understood duly ordained, 
and preached sound doctrine after their way, and 
besides was an humble, harmless, and peaceable 
man. 

25th December. I went to London, to receive 
the Blessed Communion this holy festival at Dr. 
Wild's lodgings,^ where I rejoiced to find so full an 
assembly of devout and sober Christians. 

2Qth. I invited some of my neighbours and 
tenants, according to custom, and to preserve 
hospitality and charity. 

2Sth. A stranger preached on Luke xviii. 7, 8, 
on which he made a confused discourse, with a 
great deal of Greek and ostentation of learning, to 
but little purpose. 

30th. Dined with me Sir William Paston's son,* 
Mr. Henshaw,* and Mr. Clayton.*^ 

81^^. I begged God's blessing and mercies for 
his goodness to me the past year, and set my 
domestic affairs in order. 

1656-7 : 1*^ January. Having prayed with my 
family, and celebrated the anniversary, I spent 



1 [See anU, p. 99.] ^ [See anUy p. 11 6.] 

' [Sir/2o6«T<(seea»te, p. IIOV] * [f 
See jMw<^ under 3rd July, lo77.] 



8 
5 



— ^ , ^. J 

See oii/e, vol. L p. 135.] 



118 THE DIARY OF i667 

some time in imploring God's blessing [for] the 
year I was entered into. 

Ith January. Came Mr. Matthew Wren ^ (since 
secretary to the Duke, slain in the Dutch war), 
eldest son to the Bishop of Ely, now a prisoner in 
the Tower ; a most worthy and learned gentleman. 

Viih. Came Dr. Joyliffe,* that famous physician 
and anatomist, first detector of the lymphatic 
veins ; also the old Marquis of Argyll, and another 
Scotch EarL 

bih February. Dined at the Holland Am- 
bassador's ; ^ he told me the East India Company 
of Holland had constantly a stock of £400,000 in 
India, and forty-eiffht men-of-war there : he spoke 
of their exact and just keeping their books and 
correspondence, so as no adventurer's stock could 
possibly be lost^ or defeated ; that it was a vulgar 
error that the Hollanders furnished their enemies 
with powder and ammunition for their money, 
though engaged in a cruel war, but that they used 
to merchandise indifferently, and were permitted 
to sell to the friends of their enemies. He laughed 
at our Committee of Trade,^ as composed of men 
wholly ignorant of it, and how they were the ruin 
of commerce, by gratifying some for private ends. 

\Qth. I went to visit the Governor of Havannah, 
a brave, sober, valiant Spanish gentleman, taken 
by Captain Young of Deptford,*^ when, after 
twenty years being in the Indies, and amassing 
great wealth, his lady and whole family, except 
two sons, were burnt, destroyed, and taken withm 
sight of Spain, his eldest son, daughter, and wife, 
perishing with immense treasure.^ One son, of 

1 [Matthew Wren, 1629-72 ; secretary to Clarendon, 1660^7.] 

* See flfi/f, p. 9.] ^ [See cofde^ p. 112.] 

* Seepo*/, under 28th February, 1671.] * [D. l69Sj 

* "Waller refers to this (with variations) in his poem Of a War 
mth Spain, and Fight at Sea (Works, by Fenton, 1744, p. 121).] 



i«57 JOHN EVELYN 119 

about seventeen years old, with his brother of one 
year old, were the only ones saved. The young 
gentleman, about seventeen, was a well-com- 

?lexioned youth, not olive - coloured ; he spake 
^atin handsomely, was extremely well-bred, and 
bom in the Caraecas, 1000 miles south of the 
equinoctial, near the mountains of Potosi ; he had 
never been in Europe before. The Governor was 
an ancient gentleman of great courage, of the 
order of St Jago, sore wounded in his arm, and 
his ribs broken ; he lost for his own share £100,000 
sterling, which he seemed to bear with exceeding 
indifference, and nothing dejected. After some 
discourse, I went with them to Arundel -House, 
where they dined. They were now going back 
into Spain, havmg obtamed their liberty from 
Cromwell. An example of human vicissitude I 

14ith February. To London, where I found 
Mrs. Gary ; next day came Mr. Mordaunt ^ (since 
Viscount Mordaunt), younger son to the Countess 
of Peterborough, to see his mistress, bringing with 
him two of my Lord of Dover's daughters : ^ so, 
after dinner, they all departed. 

1 John Mordaunt; 1627-75, second son of John^ fifth Baron 
Mordaunt, and first Earl of Peterborough. He was a zealous 
Royalist ; an offence for which he was tried^ and, as Evelyn relates 
(see post, under 3 1st March, 1658), acquitted by one vote under the 
Commonwealth. Nevertheless, he still exerted himself to bring 
back Charles II., who, in l659> created him Baron Mordaunt of 
Reigate, and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon, in Somerset, and 
appointed him Constable of Windsor Castle, and Gustos Rotulorum 
of the County of Surrey. Many charges were afterwards brought 
against him in connection with nis command at Windsor (see post, 
under 2Srd November, 1 666). With his mother and nis wife, 
Evelyn was extremely intimate, frequently mentioning both with 
enthusiasm ; and taking an active part, as many passages of the 
Diary will show, in the business affairs of the family. 

^ Henry Carey, fourth Baron Hunsdon, created Viscount 
Rochford and Earl of Dover, d. l668, had three daughters — 
Maiy, married to Sir Thomas Wharton; Judith; and Phil- 
adelphia. 



120 THE DIARY OF i657 

5th March Dr. Rand, a learned physician, 
dedicated to me his version of Gassendi's Vita 
Peireiskii} 

25th. Dr. Taylor showed me his MS. of Cases 
of Conscience, or Dtictor Dvbitantium^ now fitted 
for the Press.* 

The Protector Oliver, now affecting kingship, 
is petitioned to take the title on him by all his 
new-made sycophant lords, etc. ; but dares not, for 
fear of the fanatics, not thoroughly purged out of 
his rebel army. 

21^^ ApriL Came Sir Thomas Hanmer of 
Hanmer, in Wales,* to see me. I then waited on 
my Lord Hatton,* with whom I dined: at my 
return, I stepped into Bedlam, where I saw 
several poor miserable creatures in chains ; one of 
them was mad with makmg verses. I also visited 
the Charter -house, formerly belonging to the 
Carthusians, now an old neat fresh solitary college 
for decayed gentlemen.* It has a grove, bowling- 
green, garden, chapel, and a hall where they eat 
in common. I likewise saw Christ -church and 
Hospital,^ a very goodly Gothic building ; the hall, 
school, and lodgings in great order for bringing up 

1 [« The Mirrour of True NohiUty Sp Gentility, being Pierre 
Gassendi's Life of Nicolas Claude rabri de Peirese^ 'englisbed 
by Wplliam] Rand, Doctor of Physick/ 1657." Gassendi's book 
was first puolisbed at Paris in 1641. Rand's kinsman, Dr. R. 
Rand> had attended Evelyn's mother (see anUy vol. i. p. 12).] 
' [The Dttctor Dubitantium was not published until l660.] 
' [Sir Thomas Hanmer^ second Baronet, d, l678. He had 
lived long in France, from which he had returned in l652 or 
l653. His portrait by Vandyck (see pott, under 24th January, 
l685) was, in 1838, in the possession of Sir H. Bunbuiy, Bart.] 

* See ante, p. IS n.] 

^ 'Purchased by Thomas Sutton of Camp's Gistle in l6ll, 
and endowed by him as a Charity under the name of '^ the 
Hospital of King James."] 

• [Founded by Edward VI., 1553, now called the Blue Coat 
School (see pott, under 10th March, l687).] 



1657 JOHN EVELYN 121 

many hundreds of poor children of both sexes ; it 
is an exemplary charity. There is a large picture 
at one end of the hall, representing the govemors, 
founders, and the institution.^ 

25th ApriL I had a dangerous fall out of the 
coach in Covent Garden, going to my brother's, but 
without harm ; the Lord be praised f 

1^ May. Divers soldiers were quartered at my 
house ; but I thank God went away the next day 
towards Flanders. 

5th. I went with my cousin, George Tuke, to 
see Baynards, in Surrey, a house of my brother 
Richard's, which he would have hired. This is a 
very fair noble residence, built in a park, and 
having one of the goodliest avenues of oaks up to 
it that ever I saw: there is a pond^ of 60 acres 
near it; the windows of the chief rooms are of 
very fine painted glass. The situation is exces- 
sively dirty and melancholy.* 

15th. Lawrence, President of Oliver s Council, 
and some other of his Court-Lords, came in the 
afternoon to see my garden and plantations. 

1th June. My fourth son was bom, christened 
George (after my grand&ther) ; Dr. Jeremy Taylor 
officiated in the drawing-room. 

\%th. At Greenwich I saw a sort of cat * brought 
from the East Indies, shaped and snouted much 
like the Egyptian racoon, in the body like a 
monkey, and so footed; the ears and tail like a 

^ FEdward VI. granting the Charter ; long erroneously attri- 
buted to Holbein.] 

* rVacheiy Water, — the reservoir of the Wey and Arun Canal.] 

' it is in the lower part of the parish of Ewhurst in Surrey, 
adjoining to Rudgwick in Sussex, in a deep clay soil. The 
residence belonged formerly to Sir Edward Bray, and afterwards 
to the Earl of Onslow, who carried the painted glass to his seat 
at West Clandon. It has now been restored. 

^ This was probably the Lemur macaco of Linnaeus, since well 
known. 



122 THE DIARY OF im 

cat, only the tail much longer, and the skm 
variously ringed with black and white; with the 
tail it wound up its body like a serpent, and so got 
up into trees, and with it would wrap its whole 
body round. Its hair was woolly like a lamb ; it 
was exceedingly nimble, gentle, and purred as does 
the cat 

16th Jtdy. On Dr. Jeremy Taylor's recom- 
mendation, I went to Eltham, to help one Moody, 
a young man, to that living, by my interest with 
the patron. 

6th August. I went to see Colonel Blount, who 
showed me the application of the way-wiser ^ to a 
coach, exactly measuring the miles, and showing 
them by an index as we went on. It had three 
circles, one pointing to the number of rods, another 
to the miles, by 10 to 1000, with all the sub- 
divisions of quarters ; very pretty and useful 

lO^A. Our vicar,* from John xviiL 86, declaimed 
against the folly of a sort of enthusiasts and 
desperate zealots, called the Fifih-Monarchy-Men^ 
pretending to set up the kingdom of Christ with 
the sword. To this pass was this age arrived when 
we had no King in IsraeL 

21^. Fell a most prodigious rain in London, 
and the year was very sickly in the country. 

1^ September. I visited Sir Edmund Bowyer,* 
at his melancholy seat at CamberwelL He has a 
very pretty grove of oaks, and hedges of yew in 

^ [See anU^ p. 80. In this particular form, the waywiser 
seems to have been called an adometerj 

^ [See anie^ p. 65. His name was Thomas Malloiy.] 

' ^ey regarded the protectorate of Cromwell as inaugurat- 
ing a Fifth Monarchy — Assyria^ Persia^ Greece^ and Rome being 
the other four— during which Jesus Christ would reign visibly 
for a thousand years. One of the '^Characters" in Butler's 
Gemdne Remains, 1759, pp. 101-3, is that of '^ A Fifth-Monarchy 
Man."l 

* [oeepast, under 17th July, l667.] 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 128 

his garden, and a handsome row of tall elms before 
his court. 

15th September. Going to London with some 
company, we stent in to see a famous rope-dancer, 
called the Turk. I saw even to astonishment the 
agility with which he performed. He walked 
barefooted, taking hold by his toes only of a rope 
almost perpendicular, and without so much as 
touching it with his hands; he danced blindfold 
on the high rope, and with a boy of twelve years 
old tied to one of his feet about twenty feet 
beneath him,^ dangling as he danced, yet he moved 
as nimbly as if it had been but a feather. Lastly, 
he stood on his head, on the top of a very high 
mast, danced on a small rope that was very slack, 
and finally flew down the perpendicular, on his 
breast, his head foremost, his legs and arms 
extended, with divers other activities. — I saw the 
hairy woman,* twenty years old, whom I had before 
seen when a child. She was bom at Augsburg, in 
Germany. Her venr eye -brows were combed 
upwards, and all her forehead as thick and even as 
grows on any woman's head, neatly dressed ; a very 
long lock of hair out of each ear ; she had also a 
most prolix beard, and moustachios, with long 
locks growing on the middle of her nose, like an 
Iceland dog exactly, the colour of a bright brown, 
fine as well-dressed flax. She was now married, and 
told me she had one child that was not hairy, nor 
were any of her parents, or relations. She was very 
well shaped, and played well on the harpsichord. 

^ Evelyn again mentions this tumbler in his Numismata, 
1697, mider the name of the Funamhle Turk, 

^ [This was the favourite feat of that Mme. Violante who was 
the nrst instructress of Peg Woffington^ except that she had a 
child attached to each foot J 

' [Augustina Barbara Vanbeck^ nie Urselin or Ursler, 6. 1629, 
living in I668. There is a print of her by Isaac Brunn dated 
1653. Pepys also saw a bearded woman, 21st December, I668.] 



124 THE DIARY OF i667 

nth September. To see Sir Robert Needham, at 
Lambeth, a relation of mine ; and thence to John 
Tradeseant's museum,^ in which the chiefest rarities 
were, in my opinion, the ancient Roman, Indian, and 
other nations armour, shields, and weapons ; some 
habits of cmiously coloured and wrought feathers, 
one from the phenix wing, as tradition goes. Other 
innumerable things there were, printed in his 
catalogue by Mr. Ashmole, to wnom after the 
death of the widow they are bequeathed, and by 
him designed as a gift to Oxford.^ 

19th October. I went to see divers gardens 
about London; returning, I saw at Dr. Joyliffe*s 
two Virginian rattle-snakes alive, exceeding a yard 
in length, small heads, slender tails, but in the 
middle nearly the size of my leg; when vexed, 
swiftly vibrating and shaking their tails, as loud as 
a child's rattle; this, by the collision of certain 
gristly skins curiously jointed, yet loose, and 
transparent as parchment, by which they give 
wammg ; a providential caution for other creatures 
to avoid them. The Doctor tried their biting on 
rats and mice, which they immediately killed : but 
their vigour must needs be much exhausted here, in 
another climate, and kept only in a barrel of bran. 

^ The tombstone of the family in Liambeth churchjraid 
declares^ that '^ Beneath this stone lie John Tradescant, grand- 
sire, father, and son." They were all eminent gardeners, 
travellers, and collectors of curiosities. The first two came into 
this country in the reign of James I., and the second and third 
were employed in the Royal Gardens by Charles I. They had a 
house at Lambeth, which, being filled with rarities of every 
description, passed by the name of Tradeseant's Ark, and was 
much resorted to by the lovers of the curious. It formed the 
foundation of the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford, and a catalogue 
of its contents was printed by the youngest John Tradescant, in 
1656, with the title of Musceum Triadescantianum ; or, a ColUcHon 
of Rarities, Preserved at South Lambeth near London. The elder 
died in l637. 

* See post, under 23rd July, 1678. 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 125 

22nd October. To town, to visit the Holland 
Ambassador, with whom I had now contracted much 
friendly correspondence, useful to the intelligence 
I constantly gave his Majesty abroad. 

26tk November. I went to London, to a court 
of the East India Company * on its new union, in 
Merchant-Taylors' Hall, where was much disorder 
by reason of the Anabaptists, who would have the 
adventurers obliged only by an engagement, with- 
out swearing, that they still might pursue their 
private trade; but it was carried against them. 
Wednesday was fixed on for a General Court for 
election of officers, after a sermon and prayers 
for good success. The Stock resolved on was 
£800,000. 

21th. I took the oath at the East India House, 
subscribing £500. 

2nd December. Dr. Reynolds (since Bishop of 
Norwich) * preached before the company at St 
Andrew Under -shaft, on Nehemiah xiiL 81, 
showing, by the example of Nehemiah, all the 
perfections of a trusty person in public affairs, 
with many good precepts apposite to the occasion, 
ending with a prayer for Good's blessing on the 
company and the undertaking. 

Qrd. Mr. Gunning' preached on John iiL 8, 
against the Anabaptists, showing the effect and 
necessity of the sacrament of baptism. This sect 
was now wonderfully spread. 

25th. I went to London with my wife, to 

^ [The East India Ck>mpany was incorporated by charter of 
3 1st December, I6OO. By further charters it was confirmed, 
enlai^ed^ and altered.] 

« [Dr. Edward Reynolds, 1599-1676; Bishop of Norwich, 
1661-76.] 

» [Dr. Peter Gunning, 16U-84; Bishop of Ely, 1675-84. 
During the Commonwealth he preached at Exeter Chapel, 
Strand, which was attached to Exeter House (see poH^ under 
7th March, l658>] 



126 THE DIARY OF lesr 

celebrate Christmas-day, Mr. Gunning preaching 
in Exeter chapel, on Micah viL 2. Sermon 
ended, as he was giving us the Holy Sacrament, 
the chapel was surrounded with soldiers, and all 
the communicants and assembly surprised and kept 
prisoners by them, some in the house,^ others 
carried away. It fell to my share to be confined 
to a room in the house, where yet I was permitted 
to dine with the master of it, the Countess of 
Dorset, Lady Hatton, and some others of quality 
who invited me. In the afternoon, came Cfolonel 
Whalley, Goffe, and others, from Whitehall, to 
examine us one by one ; some they committed to 
the Marshal, some to prison. When I came 
before them, they took my name and abode, 
examined me why, contrary to the ordinance 
made, that none should any longer observe the 
superstitious time of the Nativity (so esteemed 
by them), I durst ofiend, and particularly be at 
Common Prayers, which they told me was but the 
mass in English, and particularly pray for Charles 
Stuart; for which we had no Scripture. I told 
them we did not pray for Charles Stuart, but for 
all Christian Kings, Princes, and Governors. They 
replied, in so doing we prayed for the King of 
Spain, too, who was their enemy and a Papist, 
with other frivolous and ensnaring questions, and 
much threatening ; and, finding no colour to detain 
me, they dismissed me with much pity of my 
ignorance. These were men of high flight and 
ia>ove ordinances, and spake spiteful things of our 
Lord's Nativity. As we went up to receive the 
Sacrament, the miscreants held their muskets 
i^ainst us, as if they would have shot us at the 
sAtax; but yet suffering us to finish the office of 
Communion, as perhaps not having instructions 
what to do, in case they found us in that action. 

1 [Le, Exeter House.] 



i«68 JOHN EVELYN 127 

So I got home late the next day; blessed be 
God! 

1657-8: 21th January. After six fits of a 
quartan ague, with which it pleased God to visit 
him, died my dear son, Richard/ to our inexpress- 
ible grief and affliction, five years and three days 
old only, but at that tender age a prodigy for wit 
and understanding ; for beauty of body, a very 
angel ; for endowment of mind, of incredible and 
rare hopes. To give only a little taste of them, 
and thereby glory to God, who " out of the mouths 
of babes and mfants does sometimes perfect his 
praises": at two years and a half old, he could 
perfectly read any of the English, Latin, French, or 
Gothic letters, pronouncing the three first languages 
exactly. He had, before the fifth year, or in that 
year, not only skill to read most written hands, but 
to decline all the nouns, conjugate the verbs regular, 
and most of the irregular ; learned out PueriUs^^ got 
by heart almost the entire vocabulary of Latin and 
French primitives and words, could make congru- 
ous syntax, turn English into Latin, and vice versa^ 
construe and prove what he read, and did the 
government and use of relatives, verbs, substan- 
tives, ellipses, and many figures and tropes, and 
made a considerable progress in Comenius's Jantui ; ' 
began himself to write legibly, and had a strong 
passion for Greek. The number of verses he could 
recite was prodigious, and what he remembered of 
the parts of plays, which he would also act ; and» 
when seeing a Plautus in one's hand, he asked 
what book it was, and, being told it was comedy, 
and too difficult for him, he wept for sorrow. 



See ante, p. 62.] 

Colons PreceoU and SetUentias Pueriles, l6l2.] 
The JoHua lAnguarum of the Moravian^ John Amos Comenius, 
1 592-1 67 1> a celebrated grammarian and Protestant divine. It 
was first published in l631, and went through many editions.] 



8 



128 THE DIARY OF im 

Strange was his apt and ingenious application of 
fables and morals ; for he had read ^sop ; he had 
a wonderful disposition to mathematics, having by 
heart divers propositions of Euclid that were read 
to him in play, and he would make lines and 
demonstrate them. As to his piety, astonishing 
were his applications of Scripture upon occasion, 
and his sense of God; he had learned all his 
Catechism early, and understood the historical 
part of the Bible and New Testament to a wonder, 
how Christ came to redeem mankind, and how, 
comprehending these necessaries himself his god- 
fathers were discharged of their promise. 

These and the like illuminations, far exceeding 
his a^e and experience, considering the preUineJ 
of his address and behaviour, cannot but leave 
impressions in me at the memory of hinL When 
one told him how many days a Quaker had &sted,^ 
he replied that was no wonder; for Christ had 
said that man should not Uve by bread alone, but 
by the Word of God. He would of himself select 
the most pathetic psalms, and chapters out of Job, 
to read to his maid during his sickness, telling her, 
when she pitied him, that all God's children must 
suffer affliction. He declaimed agamst the vanities 
of the world, before he had seen any. Often he 
would desire those who came to see him to pray 
by him, and a year before he fell sick, to kneel and 
pray with him alone in some comer. How thank- 
mlly would he receive admonition! how soon 
be reconciled! how indifferent, yet continually 
cheerful! He would give grave advice to his 
brother John, bear with his impertinences, and say 
he was but a child. If he heard of or saw any 
new thing, he was unquiet till he was told how it 
was made ; he brought to us all such difficulties as 
he found in books, to be expounded. He had 

^ [See ante J p. 114.] 



1668 JOHN EVELYN 129 

learned by he^rt divers sentences in Latin and 
Greek, which, on occasion, he would produce even 
to wonder. He was all life, all prettiness, far from 
morose, sullen, or childish in anything he said or did. 
The last tune he had been at church (which was at 
Greenwich), I asked him, according to custom, what 
he remembered of the sermon ; Two good thin^. 
Father, said he, honum gratice and bonvm gUmce^ 
with a just account of what the preacher said. 

The day before he died, he called to me : and, 
in a more serious manner than usual, told me that 
for all I loved him so dearly, I should give my 
house, land, and all my fine things, to his brother 
Jack, he should have none of them ; and, the next 
morning, when he found himself ill, and that I 
persuaded him to keep his hands in bed, he de- 
manded whether he might pray to God with his 
hands unjoined ; and a little after, whilst in great 
a^ony, whether he should not ofiend God by using 
his holy name so often calling for ease. What 
shall I say of his frequent pathetical ejaculations 
uttered of himself: ** Sweet Jesus, save me, deliver 
me, pardon my sins, let thine angels receive me 1 " 
So early knowledge, so much piety and perfection 1 
But thus God, having dressed up a saint fit for 
himself, would not longer permit him with us, 
unworthy of the future fruits of this incomparable 
hopeful blossom. Such a child I never saw : for 
such a child I bless God, in whose bosom he isl 
May I and mine become as this little child, who 
now follows the child Jesus that Lamb of God in 
a white robe, whithersoever he goes ; even so, Lord 
Jesus, fiat voluntas tuat Thou gavest him to us. 
Thou hast taken him from us, blessed be the name 
of the Lord 1 That I had anything acceptable to 
Thee was from thy grace alone, since from me he 
had nothing but sin, but that Thou hast pardoned 1 
blessed be my God for ever. Amen. 

VOL. n K 



180 THE DIARY OF less 

• 

In my opinion, he was suffocated by the women 
and maids that attended him, and covered him too 
hot with blankets as he lay in a cradle, near an 
excessive hot fire in a close room. I suffered him 
to be opened, when they found that he was what is 
vulgarly called liver-grown. I caused his body to 
be coffined in lead, and deposited on the 80th 
at eight o'clock that night in the church at Dept- 
ford, accompanied with divers of my relations and 
neighbours, among whom I distributed rings with 
this motto: Domntis abgtulit\ intending, God 
willmg, to have him transported with my own body 
to be interred in our dormitory in Wotton Church, 
in my dear native county of Surrey, and to lay my 
bones and mingle my dust with my fathers, if God 
be gracious to me, and make me as fit for Him as 
this blessed child was. The Lord Jesus sanctify 
this and all other my afflictions. Amen. 

Here ends the joy of my life, and for which I go 
even mourning to the grave. 

15th February. The afflicting hand of God 
beinir still upon us, it pleased Him also to take 
.wa? from S this mo?„in^ my youngert Son, 
Gteorge, now seven weeks languishing at nurse, 
breeding teeth, and ending in a dropsy.^ God's 
holy wiB be done I He was buried in Deptford 
church, the 17th following. 

25th. Came Dr. Jeremy Taylor, and my 
brothers, with other friends, to visit and condole 
with us.^ 

^th March. To London, to hear Dr. Taylor in 
a private house on Luke xiii. 28, 24. After the 
sermon, followed the blessed Communion, of which 
I participated. In the afternoon. Dr. Gunning, at 
Exeter House, expounding part of the Creed. 

1 [See anicy p. 121.1 

* [See Appendix II. for Jeremy Taylor's letter of iTth 
February, l658.] 



1668 JOHN EVELYN 181 

This had been the severest wmter that any man 
aUve had known m England. The crows* feet 
were frozen to their prey. Islands of ice inclosed 
both fish and fowl frozen, and some persons in 
their boats. 

15th May, was a public fast, to avert an epi- 
demical sickness, very mortal this spring. 

20tk. I went to see a coach-race in Hyde Park» 
and coUationed in Spring Garden.^ 

28rd. Dr. Manton, the fiEimous Presbyterian,* 
preached at Covent Garden, on Matthew vi 10,^ 
showing what the kingdom of God was, how [to} 
pray for it, etc 

There was now a collection for persecuted and 
sequestered Ministers of the Church of England, 
whereof divers are in prison. A sad day I The 
Church now in dens and caves of the earth. 

81*^. I went to visit my Lady Peterborough,- 
whose son, Mr. Mordaunt, prisoner in the Tower^ 
was now on his trial, and acquitted but by one 
voice;* but that holy martyr. Dr. Hewit,* was 
condemned to die without law, jury, or justice^ 
but by a mock Council of State, as they called it. 
A da^erous, treacherous time ! 

2naJune. An extraordinary storm of hail and 
rain, the season as cold as winter, the wind northerly 
near six months. 

9rd. A large whale was taken betwixt my land 
abutting on the Thames and Greenwich, which 
drew an infinite concourse to see it, by water, 
horse, coach, and on foot, from London, and all 
parts. It appeared first below Greenwich at low 
water, for at high water it would have destroyed 
all the boats, but lying now in shallow water 

* [See anU, p. 71.] 

2 [Dr. Thomas Manton^ 1620-77, Rector of St Paul's, Covent 
Garden, 1656-62.] 

< [See ante, p. 1 19.] ^ [See mUe, p. 68.] 



182 THE DIARY OF 1668 

encompassed with boats, after a long conflict, it 
was killed with a harping iron, struck in the head, 
out of which spouted blood and water by two 
tunnels ; and, after a horrid groan, it ran quite on 
shore, and died. Its length was fifty-eight feet, 
height sixteen; black-skinned, like coach-leather; 
very smaU eyes, ereat tail, only two small fins, a 
peaked snout, and a mouth so wide, that divers 
men might have stood upright in it ; no teeth, but 
sucked the slime only as tlurough a grate of that 
bone which we call whale-bone ; the throat yet so 
narrow, as would not have admitted the least of 
fishes. The extremes of the cetaceous bones hang 
downwards from the upper jaw, and are hairy 
towards the ends and bottom within side: all of 
it prodigious; but in nothing more wonderful 
than that an animal of so great a bulk should be 
nourished only by slime through those grates. 

Stk June. That excellent preacher and holy 
man. Dr. Hewit, was martyred for having in- 
telligence with his Majesty, through the Lord 
Marquis of Ormonde.^ 

9m. I went to see the Earl of Northumberland's * 
pictures, whereof that of the Venetian Senators' 
was one of the best of Titian's, and another of 
Andrea del Sarto, viz. a Madonna, Christ, St. 
John, and an Old Woman; a St. Catherine of 
Da Vinci, with divers portraits of Vandyck; a 
Nativity of Georgione; the last of our blessed 

^ [See a$Ue, p. 68. ''His greatest crime" — says Clarendon 
— " was collecting and sending money to the King " (History of 
the RebelUoH, 1888, vi. 6l>l 

' Algernon Percy, tenth Earl, 1602-68. Though conspicu- 
ously opposed to Charles I. during the Civil Wars^ he promoted 
the Restoration. He was one of our first collectors of pictures^ 
and his gallery at Suffolk^ afterwards Northumberland^ House^ 
in the Strand^ now non-existent^ was greatly admired^ not only 
by Evelyn^ but by all connoisseurs. 

• The Comaro family. There is a print of it engraved by 
Bernard Baron. 



less JOHN EVELYN 188 

Ejings (Charles !•), and the Duke of York, by 
Lely, a Rosary by the famous Jesuits of Brussels, 
and several more. This was in Suffolk House: 
the new front towards the gardens is tolerable, 
were it not drowned by a too massy and clumsy 
pair of stairs of stone, without any neat invention. 

10th June. I went to see the Medical Garden, 
at Westminster, well stored with plants, under 
Morgan, a very skilful botanist. 

29tk. To Eltham, to visit honest Mr. Owen. 

8rd July. To London, and dined with Mr. 
Henshaw, Mr. Dorell, and Mr. Ashmole, founder 
of the Oxford repository of rarities,^ with divers 
doctors ofphysic and virtuosos. 

IStk. Cfame to see my Lord Kilmorey and 
Lady, Sir Robert Needham, Mr. Offley, and two 
daughters of my Lord Willoughby of Parham.* 

&rd August. Went to Sir John Evelyn at 
Godstone.® The place is excellent, but might be 
improved by turning some offices of the house, and 
removing the garden. The house being a noble 
fitbric, though not comparable to what was first 
built by my uncle, who was master of all the 
powder-mills. 

Sth. We went to Squerryes * to visit my Cousin 
Leech, daughter to Sir John; a pretty, finely- 
woodal, well-watered seat, the stables good, the 
house old, but convenient. 6tk. Returned to 
Wotton. 

^ [See ante, pp. 105 and 124.] 

« [Francis Willoughby, fifth Baron Willoughby of Parham, 
1618-66; Governor of Barbadoes, 1650-66.] 

' [Lee, or Leigh Place. In Godstone Church is a monument 
of black and white marble to Evelyn's uncle Sir John (d. 1643) 
and his wife, Thomasine Heynes. The Sir John of the above 
was his son, who became a baronet in l660, and died in 1671 
(see ante, p. 69)*] 

* Squerryes Court, at Westerham, in Kent, the seat of Sir 
William Leech, who had married Jane, the daughter of Sir John 
Evelyn, d. 1643. 



184 THE DIARY OF ms 

lOtk August. I dined at Mr. Carew Raleigh's, 
at Horsley, son to the famous Sir Walter. 

X^tfu We went to Durdans^ [at Epsom] to a 
<^hallenged match at bowls for £lO, which we 
won. 

18iA. To Sir Ambrose Browne, at Betch worth 
Castle,' in that tempestuous wind which threw 
down my greatest trees at Sayes Court, and did so 
much mischief all over England. It continued the 
whole night ; and, till three in the afternoon of the 
next day, in the south-west, and destroyed all our 
winter fruit 

%rd September. Died that arch -rebel, Oliver 
Cromwell, called Protector.* 

16<A. Was published my Translation of St. 
Chrysostom on Education of Children, which I 
dedicated to both my brothers, to comfort them 
on the loss of their children.* 

21^. My Lord Berkeley, of Berkeley Castle, 
invited me to dinner.* 

26^A. Mr. King preached at Ashtead, on 
Proverbs xv. 24; a Quaker would have disputed 
with him. In the afternoon, we heard Dr. 

1 [West Horsley.] 

^ FThe Durdans^ south of Epsom^ is now the seat of the Earl of 
Rosebeiy. A modem house has replaced the old one. When 
Evelyn wrote^ the Durdans was the residence of George^ first Earl 
of Berkeley.] 

^ [See axUey p. 98. This storm must have spared the magni- 
ficent chestnuts still at Betchworth.1 

^ [He died at Whitehall ; and his body was embalmed and 
removed to Somerset House, where his effigy was for many 
days exhibited. His public funeral was on 2drd November 
{see wisty under 22nd October^ l658\] 

* [" The Golden Book of 5* Jonn Chrysostom, concerning the 
Education of Children, Translated out of the Greek by J. E.^ 
Esq. London : 1659* " The Preface contains another account of 
Richard Evelyn (ante, pp. 127-130). It is reprinted in Miscel- 
laneous Writing, 1825, pp. 103-140.] 

« [George Berkeley, first Earl of Berkeley, 1628-98.] 



1W8 JOHN EVELYN 185 

Hacket (since Bishop of Lichfield)^ at Cheam, 
where the family of the Lumleys lie buried. 

21th September. To Beddington,* that ancient 
seat of the Carews, a fine old hall, but a scam- 
bling house, famous for the first orange-garden in 
En^and, being now overgrown trees, planted in the 
ground, and secured in winter with a wooden 
tabernacle and stoves. This seat is rarely watered, 
lying low, and environed with good pastures. The 
pom^ranates bear here. To the house is also 
added a fine park. Thence, to Carshalton, excel- 
lently watered, and capable of being made a most 
delicious seat, being on the sweet downs, and a 
champaign about it full planted with walnut and 
cherry trees, which afford a considerable rent. 

Riding over these downs, and discoursing with 
the shepherds, I found that digging about the 
bottom near Sir Christopher Buckle's,^ near Ban- 
stead, divers medals have been found, both copper 
and silver, with foundations of houses, urns, etc 
Here, indeed, anciently stood a city of the 
Romans. — See Antonine s Itinerary. 

29th. I returned home, after ten weeks' absence. 

2nd October. I went to London, to receive the 
Holy Sacrament 

On the 8rd, Dr. Wild* preached in a private 
place on Isaiah L 4, showing the parallel betwixt 
the sins of Israel and those of England. In the 
afternoon, Mr. Hall^ (son to Joseph, Bishop of 

1 [Dr. John Hacket, 1592-1670; Bishop of Coventry and 
Lichfield, 1661-70.1 

' [Beddinffton House (see taiie, vol. i. p. 9)*] 

^ Not far nt>m the course of the Roman Road from Chichester, 
through Sussex, passing through Ocklej, and Dorking church- 
yard. Considerable remains of a Roman building were found 
on Waltonheath, south of this house. 

* [See ante, p. 101.1 

ft [Dr. George Hall, 1612-68, afterwards Bishop of Chester, 
1662-68.] 



186 THE DIARY OF im 

Norwich) on 1 Cor. vi. 2, of the dignity of the 
Saints ; a most excellent discourse. 

4btk October. I dined with the Holland Ambas- 
sador, at Derby House: returning, I diverted to 
see a very white raven, bred in Cumberland ; also a 
porcupine, of that kind that shoots its quills, of 
which see Claudian ; it was headed like a rat, the 
fore feet like a badger, the hind feet like a bear. 

Idtfu I was summoned to London by the 
Commissioners for new buildings; afterwards, to 
the Commission of Sewers ; but because there was 
an oath to be taken of fidelity to the Government 
as now constituted without a King, I got to be 
excused, and returned home. 

227uL Saw the superb funeral of the Protector.^ 
He was carried from Somerset-House in a velvet 
bed of state, drawn by six horses, housed with the 
same; the pall held by his new Lords; Oliver 
lying in effi^, in royal robes, and crowned with a 
crown, sceptre, and globe, like a king. The pend- 
ants and guidons were carried by the officers of 
the army; the Imperial banners, achievements, 
etc, bv the heralds in their coats ; a rich capari- 
soned horse, embroidered all over with gola; a 
knight of honour, armed cap-k-pie, and, after all, 
his guards, soldiers, and innumerable mourners. 
In this equipage, they proceeded to Westminster : 
but it was the joyfuJlest funeral I ever saw ; for 
there were none that cried but dogs, which the 
soldiers hooted away with a barbarous noise, 
drinking and taking tobacco in the streets as they 
went 

I returned not home till the 17th November. 

I was summoned again to London by the 

^ [There must be a blunder here as to date. Cromwell's 
public funeral^ as already stated (see ante, p. 134 ».), took place on 
the 23rd November, lie was buried in Henry VII.'s Chapel, 
Westminster Abbey, at the east end of the middle aisle.] 



1669 JOHN EVELYN 187 

Commissioners for new foundations to be erected 
within such a distance of London. 

Qth December. Now was published my French 
Crardefner^ the first and best of the kind that 
introduced the use of the olitory garden * to any 
purpose. 

2Sird. I went with my wife to keep Cluristmas 
at my cousin, George Tuke's, at Cressing Temple, 
in Essex.' Lay that night at Brentwood. 

25^A. Here was no public service, but what we 
privately used. I blessed God for His mercies 
the year past; and, 1st January, begged a con- 
tinuance of them. Thus, for three Sundays, by 
reason of the incumbent's death, here was neither 
praying nor preaching, though there was a chapel 
in tiie house. 

1668-9 : Ylih January. Our old vicar preached, 
takmg leave of the parish m a pathetical speech, to 
go to a living in the City.* 

24/A March. I went to London, to speak to 
the patron. Alderman Cutler,^ about presenting a 
fit pastor for our destitute parish-church. 

Mh AjrriL Came the Earl of Northampton* 
and the famous painter, Mr. Wright,^ to visit me. 

^ [The French Gardener : instructing how to cultivate all sorts of 
FruU^rees and Herhesfor the Garden, etc. From the French of 
M. de Bonnefons, '^ now transplanted into English by Philocepos," 
1658. The ''Epistle Dedicatory" (to Thomas Henshaw) is 
reprinted in the Miscellaneous Writings, 1825, pp. 97-98.] 
' [Kitchen garden (plitoriusy] ^ [See ante, p. 111.] 

^ 'St. Michael, Crooked Lane (see atUe, p. 122).] 
^ [John Cutler, 1608-93, afterwards Sir John, an eminent, but 
miserly citizen of London. Pope handles him severely in his 
Epistle to Lord Bathurst " On the Use of Riches" 1732, iL 315-35. 
(See post, under 25th February, l672.)] 

^ LJames, third Earl of Northampton, d, 1681.] 
^ Joseph Michael Wright, d, c. 1700, who painted the twelve 
Judges in Guildhall, after the great fire. A long account of him 
is ffiven in Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting. See also post, under 
3rd October, 1662. 



188 THE DIARY OF i669 

10th April One Mr. Littler,^ being now pre- 
sented to the living of our parish, preached on 
John vL 55, a sermon preparatory to the Holy 
Sacrament. 

25tk. A wonderful and sudden change in the 
face of the public; the new Protector, Richard, 
slighted; several pretenders and parties strive for 
the government : all anarchy and confusion ; Lord 
have mercy on us ! 

5th May. I went to visit my brother in 
London ; and, next day, to see a new opera,' after 
the Italian way, in recitative music and scenes, 
much inferior to the Italian composure and 
magnificence ; but it was prodigious that in a tune 
of such public consternation such a vanity should 
be kept up, or permitted. I, being engaged with 
company, could not decently resist &e going to see 
it, though my heart smote me for it. 

7tk. Came the Ambassador of Holland and his 
Lady to visit me, and staid the whole afternoon. 

12th. I returned the visit, discoursing much of 
the revolutions, etc. 

19th. Came to dine with me my Lord Galloway 
and his son, a Scotch Lord and learned : also my 
brother and his Lady, Lord Berkeley and his Lady, 
Mrs. Shirley, and the famous singer, Mrs. Knight,' 
and other friends. 

28rd. I went to Rookwood,* and dined with 

^ [The Rev. Robert Littler^ or Lytler^ presented to the 
living by Sir John CutlerJ 

^ Probably that by Sir William Davenant^ in which the 
cruelty of tne Spaniards in Peru was exhibited with all the 
adjuncts of instrumental and vocal music^ and elaborate scenery. 

' Afterwards one of Charles II/s mistresses. 

^ A house in Leyton in Essex^ better known by the name of 
Ruckholt [rook-wood in Saxon]^ built by one Parvis^ a former 
owner of the estate ; but a new house was afterwards erected 
near the site of the former by the family of Hickes^ of whom 
William was created a baronet in l6l9« Charles II. was enter- 
tained here one day when he was hunting in Waltham forest^ on 



1W9 JOHN EVELYN 189 

Sir William Hickes» where was a great feast and 
much company. It is a melancholy old house, 
environed with trees and rooks. 

26tk May. Came to see me my Lord George 
Berkeley, Sii: William Ducie, and Sir George Pott's 
son of Norfolk. 

29tk. The nation was now m extreme confusion 
and unsettled, between the Armies and the Sectaries, 
the poor Church of England breathing as it were 
her last ; so sad a fitce of things had overspread us. 

7th June. To London, to take leave of my 
brother, and see the foundations now laying for 
a long street^ and buildings in Hatton- Garden, 
designed for a little town, lately an ample garden. 

1st September. I communicated to mr. Robert 
Boyle, son to the Earl of Cork,* my proposal for 
erecting a philosophic and mathematic college. 

ISth. Came to see me Mr. Brereton,* a very 
learned gentleman, son to my Lord Brereton, witn 
his and divers other ladies. Also, Henry Howard 
of Norfolk, since Duke of Norfolk.* 

80th. I went to visit Sir William Lucie* and 
Colonel Blount,* where I met Sir Henry Blount, 
the famous traveller and water-drinker.^ 

which occasion he knighted William^ the son of the Baronet. 
[Ruckholt was pulled down in 1757 (Wright and Bartlett's Essex, 
ii. 498). It had then been " for some years an auxiliaiy place 
of amusement for the Summer to the established Theatres [of 
London] " {GeniUmans Magazine, July^ 1814^ p. 11).] 

^ [Hatton Garden. It was originally called Hatton Street^ 
and occupied the site of Sir Christopher Hatton's garden.] 

' [See ante, p. 110; and for the letter in question^ which is 
dated Srd September, l659. Appendix III.] 

• William, afterwards third Lord Brereton, d. 1679, an 
accomplished and able man, who assisted Evelyn in establishing 
the Royal Society. 

* [See anU, vol. i. p. 312.] 

* [Query, — Ducie (see above, 26th May).] 

• See ante, p. 60.] 

^ Sir Henry Blount, 1602-82. After travelling for some 
years, he published, in 1636, A Voyage to the Levant, with Ohservo' 



140 THE DIARY OF ie69 

10th October. I came with my wife and family 
to London : took lodgings at the Three Feathers, 
in Russell Street, Covent Garden, for the winter, 
my son being very unwelL 

11th. Came to visit me Mr. William Coventry* 
(since Secretary to the Duke), son to the Lord 
Keeper, a wise and witty gentleman. 

The Army now turned out the Parliament. 
We had now no government in the nation ; all in 
confusion; no magistrate either owned or pre- 
tended, but the soldiers, and they not agreed. God 
Almighty have mercy on, and settle us ! 

17th. I visited Mr. Howard, at Arundel-house, 
who gave me a £iiir onyx set in gold, and showed 
me his design of a palace there. 

21st A private fast was kept by the Church of 
Enirland Protestants in town, to beg of God the 
removal of His judgments, with devout prayeis for 
His mercy to our calamitous Church. 

7th November. Was published my bold Apohgy 
for the King^ in this time of danger, when it was 
capital to speak or write in favour of him. It was 
twice printed ; ' so universally it took. 

9th. We observed our solenm Fast for the 
calamity of our Church. 

12th. I went to see the several drugs for the 
confection of treacle, dioscordium, and otoer electu- 
aries, which an ingenious apothecary had not only 
prepared and rangal on a large and very long table, 

tions concerning the Modem Condition of the Turks, which passed 
through many editions, and is reprinted in the ^'Harleian 
Collection." In 1640 he was knighted. 

1 FAfterwards (l665) Sir William Coventiy (l628-86> He 
was Secretary to the Duke of York from 1660-67J 

' [An Apology for the Royal Party, written in a Letter to a person 
of the late Council of State, by a Lover of Peace and of his Country, 
With a Touch at the pretended ''Plea for the Army;' 1659. It is 
reprinted in £velyn's Miscellatieous Irritings, IS25, pp. 1 69-92*] 

^ [There were three editions in the same year.] 



1C59 JOHN EVELYN 141 

but covered every ingredient with a sheet of paper, 
on which was very lively painted the thing in 
miniature, well to the life, were it plant, flower, 
animal, or other exotic drug. 

15th Nmember. Dined with the Dutch Ambas- 
sador. He did in a manner acknowledge that his 
nation mind only their own profit, do nothing out 
of gratitude, but collaterally as it relates to their 
gain, or security ; and therefore the English were to 
look for nothing of assistance to the banished Kin^. 
This was to me no very grateful discourse, thou^ 
an ingenuous confession. 

l%tL Mr. Gunning ^ celebrated the wonted Fast, 
and preached on FhiL iL 12, 18. 

2UL Sir John Evel3m [of Godstone]* invited 
us to the forty-first wedding-day feast, where was 
much company of friends. 

26fA. I was introduced into the acquaintance 
of divers learned and worthy persons. Sir John 
Marsham,' Mr. Dugdale,* Mr. Stanley,* and others. 

9th December. I supped with Mr. Gunning, it 
being our fast-day. Dr. Feame, Mr. Thrisco, Mr. 
Chamberlain, Dr. Henchman,^ Dr. Wild,^ and 
other devout and learned divines, firm confessors, 
and excellent persons. Note : Most of them since 
made bishops. 

lOth. I treated privately with Colonel Morley,® 

1 [See atUe, p. 125.] « [See a$dey p. 133.] 

' [Sir John Marsham of Cuxton, Kent, 1602-85, writer on 
chronology. His Chrtmicus Canon was published in 1672. He 
is said to have been the first to make the Egyptian antiquities 
intelligible.] 

* [See flute, p. 110.1 

^ Brother to the Earl of Derby, and afterwards killed in a 
duel (see poH, under 19th February, 1686).] 

^ [Dr. Humphrey Henchman, 1592-1675, afterwards Bishop 
of Salisbury and London.] ^ [See ante, p. 135.] 

» Colonel Herbert Morley, l6l6-67 (see ante, p. 56). A de- 
tailed account of Evelyn's communications with Colonel Morley 
will be found in Appendix IV. 



142 THE DIARY OF imo 

then Lieutenant of the Tower, and m great trust 
and power, concermng delivering it to the King, 
and the bringing of him in, to the great hazard of 
my life, but the Colonel liad been my school-fellow, 
and I knew would not betray me. 

12th December. I spent in public concerns for 
his Majesty, pursuing the point to bring over 
Colonel Morley, and his brother-in-law, Fay, 
Grovemor of Portsmouth, 

IStfu Preached that famous divine, Dr. Sander- 
son^ (since Bishop of Lincoln), now eighty years 
old, on Jer. xxx. 18, concerning the evil of forsak- 
ing God. 

29th. Came my Lord Count Arundel, of 
Wardour, to visit me. I went also to see my 
Lord Viscount Montague.' 

81^^. Settling my domestic affairs in order, 
blessed God for his infinite mercies and preserva- 
tions the past year. 

Annus Mirabilis, 1659-60 : January \. B^ging 
God's blessings for the following year, I went to 
Exeter Chapel, when Mr. Gunning b^an the year 
on Galatians iv. 8-7, showing the love of Christ in 
shedding his blood so early ror us. 

\2th. Wrote to Colonel Morley again to declare 
for his Majesty. 

22nd. I went this afternoon to visit Colonel 
Morley. After dinner I discoursed with him; 
but he was very jealous,® and would not believe 
that Monck came in to do the King any service ; 
I told him that he might do it without him, and 
have all the honour. He was still doubtful, and 
would resolve on nothing yet, so I took leave. 

1 [Dr. Robert Sanderson, 1 587-1 66S; Bishop of Lincoln, 
1660-63.] 

' Francis Browne, third Viscount, d. 2nd November, 1682, a 
zealous royalist. 

' [Suspicious.] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 148 

8rc^ February. Kept the Fast General Monck 
came now to London out of Scotland ; but no man 
knew what he would do, or declare, yet he was 
met on his way by the gentlemen of all the counties 
which he passed, with petitions that he would 
recall the old long-interrupted Parliament, and settle 
the nation m some order, bemg at this time in 
most prodigious confusion, and under no govern- 
ment, everybody expecting what would be next, 
and what he would do. 

10th. Now were the gates of the city brokai 
down by General Monck; which exceedingly 
exasperated the city, the soldiers marching up and 
down as triumphing over it, and all the old army 
of the fanatics put out of their posts, and sent out 
of town. 

lltJu A signal day. Monck, perceiving how 
infamous and wretched a pack of knaves would 
have still usurped the supreme power, and having 
intelli^nce that they intended to take away his 
commission, repenting of what he had done to the 
city, and where he and his forces were quartered, 
marches to Whitehall, dissipates that nest of 
robbers, and convenes the old ParUament, the 
Rump Parliament (so called as retaining some few 
rotten members of the other) being dissolved ; and 
for joy whereof were many thousands of rumps 
roasted publicly in the streets at the bonfires this 
night,^ with ringing of bells, and universal jubilee. 
This was the first good omen. 

From 17th February to 5th April, I was 
detained in bed with a kind of double tertian, the 
cruel efiects of the spleen and other distempers, in 
that extremity that my physicians, Drs. Wether- 
bom, Needham,* and Claude, were in great doubt of 

^ Pamphlets with cuts representing this special turn of the 
popular heats were printed at the time. 
' [See ante, p. 11 6.] 



144 THE DIARY OF leeo 

my reeovery ; but it pleased Grod to deliver me out 
of this affliction, for which I render him hearty 
thanks: going to church the 8th, and receiving 
the blessM Eucharist 

During this sickness, came divers of my relations 
and friends to visit me, and it retarded my going 
into the country longer than I intended ; however, 
I writ and printed a letter, in defence of his 
Majesty,^ against a wicked forged paper, pre- 
tended to be sent from Brussels to defame his 
Majesty's person and virtues, and render him 
odious, now when everybody was in hope and 
expectation of the General and Parliament recall- 
ing him, and establishing the Government on its 
ancient and right basis. The doing this towards 
the decline of my sickness, and sitting up lone in 
my bed, had caused a small relapse, out of which 
it yet pleased God also to free me, so as by the 
14tii I was able to go into the country, which I 
did to my sweet and native air at Wotton. 

8rd May. Came the most happy tidings of his 
Majesty's gracious declaration and applications to 
the ParUament, General, and People, and their 
dutifril acceptance and acknowledgment, after a 
most bloody and unreasonable rebellion of near 
twenty years. Praised be for ever the Lord of 
Heaven, who only doeth wondrous things, because 
His mercy endureth for ever. 

Sth. This day was his Majesty proclaimed in 
London, etc 

9th. I was desired and designed to accompany 
my Lord Berkeley with the public address of the 
Parliament, General, etc, to the King, and invite 
him to come over and assume his kingly Govem- 

^ The late News from Brussels unmasked^ and His Majesty vmdi- 
caledfrom the base caUmny and scandal theremjixed on him, I66O. 
This^ and the tract by Marchamont Needham which gave rise to 
it, are reprinted in the Miscellaneous Writings, 1825, pp. 193-204. 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 145 

ment; he being now at Breda ; but I was yet 
so weak, I could not make that iourney by sea, 
which was not a Uttle to my ietriment/so I 
went to London to excuse myself, retummg the 
10th, having yet received a gracious message 
from his Majesty by Major Scot and Colonel 
Tuke. 

24th May. Came to me Colonel Morley, about 
procuring his pardon, now too late seeing his error 
and neglect of the counsel I gave him, by which, 
if he had taken it, he had certainly done the great 
work with the same ease that Monck did it, who 
was then in Scotland, and Morley in a post to have 
done what he pleased, but his jealousy^ and fear 
kept him from that blessing and honour. I 
addressed him to Lord Mordaunt,' then in great 
favour, for his pardon, which he obtained at the 
cost of £1000, as I heard. O the sottish omission 
of this gentleman ! what did I not undergo of 
danger in this negotiation, to have brought him 
over to his Majesty's interest, when it was entirely 
in his hands ! 

29th. This day, his Majesty, Charles the Second 
came to London, after a sad and long exile and 
calamitous suffering both of the King and Church, 
being seventeen years. This was also his birth- 
day, and with a triumph of above 20,000 horse and 
foot, brandishing their swords, and shouting with 
inexpressible joy ; the ways strewed with flowers, 
the bells ringing, the streets hung with tapestry, 
fountains running with wine; the Mayor, wAJder- 
men, and all the Companies, in their liveries, chains 
of gold, and banners ; Lords and Nobles, clad in 
cloth of silver, gold, and velvet ; the windows and 
balconies, all set with ladies ; trumpets, music, and 
myriads of people flocking, even so far as from 
Rochester, so as they were seven hours in passing 

1 [See ante, p. 142.] » [See ante, p. 119-] 

VOL. II L 



146 THE DIARY OF im 

the city, even from two in the afternoon till nine 
at night. 

I stood in the Strand and beheld it, and blessed 
God. And all this was done without one drop of 
blood shed, and by that very armv which rebdled 
against him : but it was the Lord s doing, for such 
a restoration was never mentioned in any history, 
ancient or modem, since the return of the Jews 
from the Babylonish captivity; nor so loyfiil a 
day and so bright ever seen in this nation, this 
happening when to expect or effect it was past all 
human policy. 

Mh June. I received letters of Sir Richard 
Browne's landing at Dover,^ and also letters from 
the Queen, which I was to deliver at Whitehall, 
not as yet presenting myself to his Majesty, by 
reason of the infinite concourse of people. The 
eagerness of men, women, and children, to see his 
Majesty, and kiss his hands, was so great, that he 
had scarce leisure to eat for some days, coming as 
they did from all parts of the nation ; and the lung 
beinff as willing to give them that satisfaction, 
wouM have none kept out, but gave free access to 
all sorts of people. 

Addressing myself to the Duke,' I was carried 
to his Majesty, when very few noblemen were with 
him, and kissed his hands, being very graciously 
received. I then returned home, to meet Sir 
Richard Browne, who came not till the 8th, after 
nineteen years' exile, during all which time he kept 
up in his chapel the liturgy and offices of the 
Cnurch of England, to his no small honour, and in 
a time when it was so low, and as many thought 
utterly lost, that in various controversies both with 
Papists and Sectaries, our divines used to argue 
for the visibility of the Church, from his chapel 
and congregation. 

1 [See ante, vol. L p. 68.] « [Of York.] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 147 

I was all this week to and fro at court about 
business. 

IQtk June. The French, Italian, and Dutch 
Ministers came to make their address to his Majesty,, 
one Monsieur Stoope pronouncing the harangue 
with great eloquence. 

ISth. I proposed the embassy of Constantinople 
for Mr. Henshaw; but my Lord Winchelsea 
struck in.^ 

Goods that had been pillaged from Whitehall 
during the Rebellion, were now daily brought in, 
and restored upon proclamation; as plate, hang- 
ings, pictures, etc 

22nd. The Warwickshire gentlemen (as did all 
the shires and chief towns in all the three nations) 
presented their congratulatory Address. It was^ 
carried by my Lord Northampton.^ 

SOth. The Sussex gentlemen presented their 
Address, to which was my hand. I went with 
it, and kissed his Majesty's hand, who was pleased 
to own me more particularly by calling me hia 
old acquaintance, and speaking very graciously 
to me. 

8rd July. I went to Hyde-Park, where was his 
Majesty, and abundance of gallantry. 

4^th. I heard Sir Samuel Tuke ' harangue to the 
house of Lords, in behalf of the Roman Catholics^ 
and his account of the transaction at Colchester in 
murdering Lord Capel,^ and the rest of those brave 

^ See ante, p. 105. It was on his return from this embassy 
that Lord Winchelsea, visiting Sicilj, was an eje-witness of the 
dreadful eruption of Mount Etna in 1669, a short account of 
which was afterwards published in a small pamphlet, with a cut 
bj Hollar of the mountain, etc. 

> [See oHie, p. 137. On Restoration Day Lord Northampton 
had headed a band of two hundred gentlemen in gray and blue 
to welcome the King.] 

* [See atUe, p. 18. He had become a Roman Catholic] 

^ [See ante, p. 51.] 



148 THE DIARY OF leeo 

men, that suffered in cold blood, after articles of 
rendition. 

5th July. I saw his Majesty go with as much 
pomp and splendour as any earthly prince could do 
to the great City feast, the first they had invited him 
to since his return ; but the exceeding rain which 
fell aU that day much eclipsed its lustres. This 
was at Guildhfidl, and there was also all the Parlia- 
ment-men, both Lords and Commons. The streets 
were adorned with pageants, at immense cost 

Qth. His Majesty began first to touch for the 
evil ! ^ according to custom, thus : his Majesty sit- 
ting under his state in the Banqueting-house, the 
chirurgeons cause the sick to be brought, or led, up 
to the throne, where they kneeling, the King strokes 
their faces, or cheeks with both tus hands at once, at 
which instant a chaplain in his formalities says, 
^*He put his hands upon them, and he healed 
them. This is said to every one in particular. 
When thev have been all touched, they come up 
again in the same order, and the other chaplain, 
Imeeling, and having angel gold' strung on white 
ribbon on his arm, delivers them one by one to his 
Majesty, who puts them about the necks of the 
touched as they pass, whilst the first chaplain 
repeats, ** That is the true light who came into the 

^ [According to Macaulay^ Charles II. touched during his 
reign " near a hundred thousand persons^" at a cost (in angels) 
of little less than ten thousand a year {History , ch. xiv.). The 
service appeared in the Prayer Book up to 1719* There is a 
long account of this practice^ which continued until 1714, in 
Chambers's Book of Days, 1883, i. pp. 82-85. (See also Pepys^ 
under June 23, l660, and April 13, 1661).! 

^ Pieces of money, so called from the figure of an angel on 
them. [The identical touch -piece given by Queen Anne to 
Dr. Johnson^ whom she touched^ is preserved at the British 
Museum; and some interesting particulars respecting post- 
Restoration touch -pieces in general are said to be contained 
in a note prepared by the late Mr. R. W. Cochran-Patrick for 
the Numismatic Society^ November \6, 1905.] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 149 

world." Then follows, an epistle (as at first a 
Gospel) with the Liturgy, prayers for the sick, 
with some alteration ; lastly the blessing ; and then 
the Lord Chamberlain and the Comptroller of the 
Household bring a basin, ewer and towel, for his 
Majesty to wash. 

The King received a congratulatory address 
from the city of Cologne, in Germany, where he 
had been some time in his exile; his Majesty 
saying they were the best people in the world, the 
most kind and worthy to him that he ever met 
with. 

I recommended Monsieur Messary to be Judge 
Advocate in Jersey, by the Vice -Chamberlain's 
mediation with the Earl of St. Albans;^ and 
saluted my excellent and worthy noble friend, my 
Lord Ossory,* son to the Marquis of Ormonde, after 
many years absence returned home. 

Sth July. Mr. Henchman • preached on Ephes. 
V. 5, concerning Christian circumspection. From 
henceforth, was the Liturgy publicly used in our 
churches, whence it had been for so many years 
banished. 

15th. Came Sir Grcorge Carteret* and Lady to 
visit us : he was now Treasurer of the Navy. 

2Sth. I heard his Majesty's speech in the Lords' 
House, on passing the Bills of Tonnage and 
Poundage ; restoration of my Lord Ormonde to his 
estate in Ireland ; concerning the Commission of 
Sewers, and continuance of the Excise. — In the 
afternoon, I saluted my old friend, the Arch- 
bishop of Armagh, formerly of Londonderry (Dr. 

^ [Henry Jermyn, first Earl of St Albans, d. l684, after- 
wards Ambassador at Paris. He had accompanied Henrietta 
Maria to France in l644 (ante, vol. i. p. 114), and been her 
secretary and the commander of her body-guard. (See poH, 
mider 18th September, l683.)] 

« rSee anie, p. 21.1 « [See ante, p. 141.] 

* [See ante, p. 15. J 



150 THE DIARY OF leoo 

Bramhall).^ He presented several Irish divines to 
be promoted as Bishops in that kingdom, most of 
the bishops in the three kingdoms being now 
almost worn out, and the sees vacant. 

81st July. I went to visit Sir Philip Warwick, 
now Secretary to the Lord Treasurer, at his house 
in North Cray.* 

19tk Atigiist Our Vicar read the Thirty-nine 
Articles to the congr^ation, the national 
Assemblies beginning now to settle, and wanting 
instruction. 

28rd Came Duke Hamilton,' Lord Lothian,^ 
and several Scottish Lords, to see my garden. 

2Bth. Colonel Spencer, Colonel of a raiment of 
horse in our county of Kent, sent to me, and 
entreated that I would take a commission for a 
troop of horse, and that I would nominate my 
Lieutenant and Ensigns; I thanked him for the 
honour intended me; but would by no means 
undertake the trouble. 

4M September. I was invited to an ordination 

^ John Bramhall, 159^1663. He was made Bishop of Deny 
in 1634 ; but in l641 his conduct laid him open to charges of 
high treason^ and he found it necessaiy to quit the country, till 
the return of Charles 11.^ when he was created Archbishop of 
Armagh. His works were published in l677. Evelyn sub- 
sequently refers (see poH^ under 18th Aprils I686) to a curious 
letter of BramhaH's on Uie Irish Cathohcs^ which caused the 
suppression of the book in which it appeared. 

« Sir PhiHp Warwick, 1609-8S. He had been Charles I.'s 
secretaiy at the Isle of Wight He was returned for Westminster 
at the restoration, and obtained the office of Secretary to tiie 
Lord Treasurer, which brought him into frequent communication 
with Evelyn. He had found time to write A Discourse of 
Government (published 1694), and Memoires of the Reigne of King 
Charles /., etc (published 1701), the last containing some curious 
anecdotes, and the most graphic existing account of Cromwell's 
first speech in the House of Commons. 

8 (William Douglas, third Duke of Hamilton, 1635-94, father 
of Duke Hamilton in Thackeray's Esmond.] 

* [See ante, p. 112.] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 151 

by the Bishop of Bangor,^ in Henry VII.'s chapel» 
Westminster, and afterwards saw the audience of 
an Envoy from the Duke of Anjou, sent to com- 
pliment his Majesty's return. 

5th September. Came to visit and dine with me 
the Envoy of the King of Poland, and Resident 
of the King of Denmark, etc 

1th. I went to Chelsea to visit Mr. Boyle,* and 
see his pneumatic engine perform divers experi- 
ments. Thence, to Kensington, to visit Mr. 
Henshaw," returning home that evening. 

ISth. I saw in Southwark, at St. Margaret's 
fair,^ monkeys and apes dance, and do other feats 
of activity, on the high rope ; they were gallantly 
clad a la mode, went upright, saluted the company 
bowing and pulling on their hats, they saluted one 
another with as good a grace, as if instructed by a 
dancing-master ; they turned heels over head with 
a basket having eggs in it, without breaking any ; 
also, with lighted candles in their hands, and on 
theu- heads, without extmguishing them, and with 
vessels of water without spilling a drop. I also 
saw an Italian wench dance, and perform all the 
tricks on the high rope, to admiration; aU the 
court went to see her. Likewise, here was a man 
who took up a piece of iron cannon of about 400 lb. 
weight with the hair of his head only. 

17th. Went to London, to see the splendid 
entry of the Prince de Ligne, Ambassador Extra- 
ordinary from Spain; he was General of the 
Spanish King's horse in Flanders, and was accom- 
panied with divers great persons from thence. 



2 

4 



A¥illiam Roberts, 1585-1665.] 

"See ante, p. 110.] « [See anie, p. 147.] 

Our Lady fair, held on St. Margaret's-hill in Southwark on 
the oaj after Bartholomew fair. Nominally confined to three 
days, it generally lasted fourteen. Hogarth drew it in 1733. 
It was suppressed in 1762.] 



152 THE DIARY OF 1660 

and an innumerable retinue. His train consisted 
of seventeen coaches, with six horses of his own, 
besides a great number of English, etc. Greater 
bravery had I never seen. He was received in 
the Banqueting-house, in exceeding state, all the 
great officers of Court attending. 

28rd September. In the midst of all this joy 
and jubilee, the Duke of Gloucester died of the 
small-pox,^ in the prime of youth, and a prince of 
extraordinary hopes. 

27th. The King received the merchants' ad- 
dresses in his closet, giving them assurances of 
his persisting to keep Jamaica, choosing Sir 
Edward Massey, Governor. In the afternoon, 
the Danish Ambassador's condolences were pre- 
sented, on the death of the Duke of Gloucester. 
This evening, I saw the Princess Royal, mother to 
the Prince of Orange,* now come out of Holland 
in a fatal period. 

eth October. I paid the great tax of poll-money, 
levied for disbanding the army, till now kept up. 
I paid as an Esquire £lO, and one shilling for 
every servant in my house. 

7th. There dined with me a French Count, 
with Sir George Tuke,* who came to take leave 
of me, being sent over to the Queen-Mother,* to 
break the marriage of the Duke with the daughter 
of Chancellor Hyde.* The Queen would fiiin have 
undone it; but it seems matters were reconciled, 
on great offers of the Chancellor's to befriend the 
Queen, who was much in debt, and was now to 

1 [Hemy, Duke of Gloucester, l6S9-60 (Hemy of Oatlands), 
the King's brother. He had fought in Flanders.] 

* [Mary, daughter of Charles I., married to William, Prince 
of Orange, and mother of William III.] 

^ [Query, — Sir Samuel Tuke. See ante, p. 147.] 

^ 'Henrietta Maria, widow of Charles I.] 

^ It had been contracted at Breda in 1659 (see post, under 
22nd December, I66O).] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 158 

have the settlement of her afiau*s go through his 
hands. 

11th October. The regicides who sat on the life 
of our late King, were brought to trial in the Old 
Bailey, before a commission of Oyer and Terminer. 

14th. Axtall, Carew, Clement, Hacker, Hewson, 
and Peters, were executed. 

17th. Scot, Scroop, Cook, and Jones, suffered 
for reward of their iniquities at Charing Cross, in 
sight of the place where they put to death their 
natural prince, and in the presence of the King his 
son, whom they also sought to kiU. I saw not 
their execution, but met their quarters, mangled, 
and cut, and reeking, as they were brought from 
the gallows in baskets on the hurdle. Oh, the 
miraculous providence of God ! 

2Sth. His Majesty went to meet the Queen- 
Mother. 

29th. Going to London, my Lord Mayor's show 
stopped me in Cheapside; one of the pageants 
represented a great wood, with the royal oak, and 
history of his Majesty's miraculous escape at 
BoscobeL 

81st. Arrived now to my fortieth year, I rendered 
to Almighty God my due and hearty thanks. 

1^ November. I went with some of my relations 
to Court, to show them his Majesty's cabinet and 
closet of rarities; the rare miniatures of Peter 
Oliver, after Raphael, Titian, and other masters, 
which I infinitely esteem ; also, that large piece of 
the Duchess of Lennox, done in enamel, by 
Petitot, and a vast number of agates, onyxes, and 
intaglios, especially a medallion of Caesar, as broad 
as my hand; likewise, rare cabinets of pietra- 
commessa^ a landscape of needle -work, formerly 

Presented by the Dutch to King Charles the First 
lere I saw a vast book of maps, in a volume near 
four yards large; a curious ship model; and. 



154 THE DIARY OF im 

amongst the clocks, one that showed the rising and 
setting of the sun in the zodiac; the sun repre- 
sented by a face and rays of gold, upon an azure 
sky, observing the diumid and annual motion, rising 
and setting behind a landscape of hills, the work of 
our famous Fromantil ; ^ and several other rarities. 

8rd November. Arrived the Queen-Mother in 
England, whence she had been banished almost 
twenty years;* together with her illustrious daughter, 
the Princess Henrietta,* divers Princes and Noble- 
men accompanymg them. 

ISth. I kissed the Queen-Mother's hand. 

20th. I dined at the Clerk Comptroller's of the 
Green Cloth,* being the first day of the re- 
establishment of the Court diet, and settling of 
his Majesty's household. 

28ra. Being this day in the bedchamber of the 
Princess Henrietta, where were many great beauties 
and noblemen, I saluted divers of my old friends 
and acquaintances abroad; his Majes^ carrying 
my wife to salute the Queen and Princess, and 
then led her into his closet, and with his own 
hands showed her divers curiosities. 

^ [John Fromentel (or, as also spelled, Fromantil, Fromanteel, 
and Formantil) was a Dutchman. He is credited with con- 
structing the first pendulum clock in England. In the Common^ 
wealth Mercury for Thursdi^, 25th November, 1668, is the 
following, which suggests nurther variation of the name:-^ 
Pendulum clocks are said to be ^' made by Ahasuerus Eromanteel, 
who made the first that were in England. You may have them 
at his house in Mopes Alley, Southwark^ and at the sign of the 
* Maremaid ' in Lothbury, near Bartholomew Lane end^ London " 
(E. J. Wood's Curiosities of Clocks and Watches, 1866, pp. 71, 98> 
See post, under 3rd May, l66l.] 

* [See ante, vol. i. p. 114. La Heine malheureuse — as she 
called herself, when she saw the Banqueting-house — arrived in 
London, 12th November, N.S. She was now, says Pepys, on 
the 22nd, " a veiy little, plain, old woman."] 

5 ["Madame' (see ante, voL i. p. 114). Pepys thought her 
" very pretty," though not so handsome as his wife.] 

* [Mr. Crane (see post, p. 1 57).] 



1660 JOHN EVELYN 155 

25th Noveniber. Dr. Rainbow preached before 
the Kmg, on Luke il 14, of the glory to be given 
God for all his mercies, especially for restoring the 
Church and government; now the service was 
performed with music, voices, etc, as formerly. 

27/A. Came down the Clerk Comptroller [of 
the Green Cloth] by the Lord Steward's appoint- 
ment, to survey the land at Sayes Court, on which 
I had pretence, and to make his report^ 

Qth JOeceviber. I waited on my brother and 
sister Evelyn to Court Now were presented to 
his Majesty those two rare pieces of drollery,* or 
rather a Dutch Kitchen, painted by Dow, so finely 
as hardly to be distinguished from enamel. I was 
also showed divers rich jewels and crystal vases ; 
the rare head of Jo. Bellino, Titian's master; 
"Christ in the Garden," by Annibale Caracci; 
two incomparable heads, by Holbein ; the Queen- 
Mother in a miniature, almost as big as the life ; an 
exquisite piece of carving; two unicorn's horns, 
etc This in the closet. 

IBth. I presented my son, John, to the Queen- 
Mother, who kissed him, talked with and made 
extraordinary much of him.' 

IMh. I visited my Lady Chancellor, the Mar- 
chioness of Ormonde,* and Countess of Guildford,* 
all of whom we had known abroad in exile. 

^ Up to this time it was still the usage to supply the King's 
Household with com and cattle from the different counties ; and 
upon oxen being sent up^ pasture-grounds of the King, near 
town, were allotted for them; among these were limds at 
Deptford^ and Tottenham-Court, which were under the direction 
of the Lord Steward and Board of Green Cloth. Sir Richard 
Browne had the keeping of the lands at Deptford. 

* [See wUe, voL i. p. 32.] « [See ante, p. 100.] 

* See ante, p. 21.] 

^ Elizabeth, daughter of William, first Earl of Denbigh^ 
married to Lewis, Viscount Boyle, who fell at the Battle of 
Liscarroll, in l642. She was advanced to the Peerage for life, on 
the 14th July, l660, as Countess of Guildford, and died in 1673. 



156 THE DIARY OF 1000 

ISth December. I carried Mr. Spellman, a most 
ingenious gentleman, grandchild to the learned Sir 
Henry, to my Lord Mordaunt, to whom I had 
recommended him as Secretary. 

21st. This day died the Princess of Orange,* of 
the small-pox, which entirely altered the face and 
gaUantry of the whole Court 

22tuL The marriage ofthe Chancellor's daughter 
being now newly owned, I went to see her, she 
being Sir Richard Browne's intimate acquaintance 
when she waited on the Princess of Orange; she 
was now at her father's, at Worcester House, in 
the Strand.^ We all kissed her hand, as did also 
my Lord Chamberlain (Manchester) and Countess 
of Northumberland. This was a strange change 
— can it succeed well? — I spent the evening at 
St. James's, whither the Princess Henrietta was 
retired during the fatal sickness of her sister, the 
Princess of Orange,* now come over to salute 
the Eang her brother. The Princess gave my 
wife an extraordinary compliment and gracious 
acceptance, for the Character^ she had presented 
her the day before, and which was afterwards 
printed. 

25tk. Preached at the Abbey, Dr. Earle,* Clerk 
of his Majesty's Closet, and my dear friend, now 
Dean of Westminster, on Luke ii. 18, 14, condoling 
the breach made in the public joy by the lamented 
death of the Princess. 

* [The Princess of Orange (Princess Royal), I6SI-6O, died 
24th December.] 

* [Which Clarendon rented of the Marquis of Worcester. 
Here on the Srd September, I66O, between 11 and 2 at night, 
Anne Hyde was married to the Duke of York according to the 
rites of the English Church.] 

* [See above, 21st December.] 

* A Character of England, as U was laiefy presented in a Letter to 
a Noble Man of France, 1659, reprinted in Evelyn's Miscellaneous 
Writings, 1825, pp. 141-67. ^ [See ante, p. 2.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 157 

80th December. I dined at Court with Mr. 
Crane, Clerk of the Green Cloth.* 

81^. I GC&ve God thanks for his many siiznal 
mercies to myself, church, and nation, this wo^er- 
fill year. 

1660-1: 2nd January. The Queen-mother, with 
the Princess Henrietta, began her journey to 
Portsmouth, in order to her return into France.* 

5th. I visited my Lord Chancellor Clarendon, 
with whom I had been well acquainted abroad. 

6th. Dr. AUestree * preached at the Abbey, after 
which four Bishops were consecrated, Hereford, 
Norwich, . . . 

This night was suppressed a bloody insurrection 
of some Fifth-Monarchy enthusiasts.^ Some of 
them were examined at the Council the next day ; 
but could say nothing to extenuate their madness 
and unwarrantable zeaL 

I was now chosen (and nominated by his Majesty 
for one of the Council), by sufirage of the rest of 
the Members, a Fellow of the Philosophic Society 
now meeting at Gresham College, where was an 
assembly of divers learned gentlemen.* This being 
the first meeting since the King's return; but it 
had been begun some years before at Oxford, and 
was continued with interruption here in London 
during the Rebellion. 

There was another rising of the fanatics, in 
which some were slain. 

IQth. I went to the Philosophic Club,^ where 
was examined the Torricellian experiment I 

1 [See ante, p. 154.] 

^ [See anUi p. 154. At Portsmouth the Princess Henrietta 
fell ill, and they did not start until the 25th.] 

* [Dr. Richard AUestree, l6l9-81> Canon of Christchurch, and 
reputed author of the Whole Duty ofMan,'\ 

* [See anU, p. 122.1 ^ [Le. the Royal Society.] 

^ [At Gresham College, the germ of the Royal Society. The 
club nad previously met at the Bull Head Tavern in Cheapside.] 



158 THE DIARY OF iwi 

presented my Circle of Mechanical Trades, and had 
recommended to me the publishing what I had 
written of chalcography.* 

25th January. After divers years since I had 
seen any play, I went to see acted The Scornful 
Lady, at a new theatre in Lincoln's-Inn-Fields.* 

80th. Was the first solemn fast and day of humilia- 
tion to deplore the sins which had so long provoked 
Grod against this afflicted church and people, ordered 
by Parliament to be annually celebrated to expiate 
the guilt of the execrable murder of the late King. 

This day (O the stupendous and inscrutable 
judgments of God !) were the carcasses of those 
arch-rebels, Cromwell, Bradshaw (the judge who 
condemned his Majesty), and Ireton (son-in-law to 
the Usurper), dragged out of their superb tombs 
in Westminster among the Kings, to Tyburn, and 
hanged on the gallows there from nine in the 
morning till six at night, and then buried under 
that fatal and ignominious monument in a deep 
pit ; thousands of people who had seen them in aU 
their pride being spectators. Look back at 
October 22, 1658,* and be astonished ! and fear God 
and honour the King ; but meddle not with them 
who are given to change I 

6th February. To London, to our Society, 
where I gave notice of the visit of the Danish 
Ambassador Extraordinary, and was ordered to 
return him their acceptance of that honour, and to 
invite him the next meeting day. 

\Oth. Dr. Boldero* preached at Ely-house, on 

1 See/xw<, under 10th June, l662. 

^ [A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, I616. The theatre 
was The Duke's Playhouse in Portugal Row (originally Lisle's 
Tennis Court).] 

* AnUy p. 136: the entiy in the Diary describing the Pro- 
tector's f\imeraL 

^ [Dr. Edmund Boldero, 1608-79, afterwards master of Jesus 
College, Cambridge.] 



iwi JOHN EVELYN 159 

Matthew vL 88, of seeking early the kingdom of 
God; after sermon, the Bishop (Dr. Wren)^ gave 
us the blessing, very pontifically. 

18/A February. I conducted the Danish Am- 
bassador to our meeting at Gresham Collie,' 
where were showed him various experiments in 
viwuo, and other curiosities. 

21^. Prince Rupert* first showed me how to 
grave in mezzo Hnto. 

26th. I went to Lord Mordaunt's, at Parson's 
Green.* 

27 th. Ash -Wednesday. Preached before the 
King the Bishop of London (Dr. Sheldon)^ on 
Matthew xviiL 25, concerning charity and for- 
giveness. 

8th March. I went to my Lord Chancellor's, and 
delivered to him the state of my concernment at 
Sayes Court 

9th. I went with that excellent person and 
philosopher. Sir Robert Murray,^ to visit Mr. 
^oyle at Chelsea, and saw divers effects of the 
eolipile for weighing ah*.' 

18th. I went to Lambeth, with Sir R. Browne's 



1 

s 



Dr. Matthew Wren, 1585-1667, Bishop of Ely.] 
See supra, l6th January.] 

* [Prince Rupert, 1619-82, third son of Frederick, Elector 
Palatine and titular King of Bohemia, by Elizabeth, daughter 
of James I. He long passed as the inventor of mezzotint en- 
ffraving, which he had learned at Brussels from Ludwig von 
Siegen, an officer in the service of the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, 
1609-76?] 

^ See ante, p. 119* The house was Peterborough House, 
which remained in the family until the eighteenth century, 
when it was sold to Mr. Heaviside, a timber merchant, who a 
few years after transferred it to Mr. Merrick, an army agent It 
was then pulled down, to make way for a new buildhiff. 

^ [Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, 1598-1077, afterwards Archbishop of 
Canterbury.] 

^ [One of the constitutors of the Rojral Society.] 

7 JMore accurately seolipile. It is said to have been invented 
by Hero of Alexandria in the second century b.c.] 



160 THE DIARY OF wei 

pretence to the Wardenship of Merton Collie, 
Oxford, to which, as having been about forty years 
before a student of that House, he was elected by 
the votes of every Fellow except one : but the 
statutes of the House being so that, unless every 
Fellow agree, the election devolves to the Visitor, 
who is the Archbishop of Canterbury (Dr. Juxon),^ 
his Grace gave his nomination to Sir T. Clayton, 
resident there, and the Physic Professor ; for which 
I was not at all displeased, because, though Sir 
Richard missed it by much ingratitude and wrong 
of the Archbishop (Clayton being no Fellow), yet 
it would have hindered Sir Richard from attending 
at Court to settle his greater concerns, and so have 
prejudiced me, though he was much inclined to 
have passed his time in a collegiate life, very unfit 
for him at that time, for many reasons. So I took 
leave of his Grace, who was formerly Lord Treasurer 
in the reigii of Charles I.* 

This afternoon. Prince Rupert showed me, with 
his own hands, the new way of graving, called 
mezzo tintOy which afterwards, by his permission, I 
published in my History of Chakography \^ this 
set so many artists on work, that they soon arrived 
to the perfection it is since come, emulating the 
tenderest miniatures. 

Our Society now gave in my relation of the 
Peak of Teneriffe, in the Great Canaries, to be 
added to more queries concerning divers natural 
things reported of that island. 

I returned home with my Cousin, Tuke,* now 
going for France, as sent by his Majesty to condole 

1 [Dr. William Juxon, 1582-1663, Archbishop of Canterbury, 
1660-63. He had been Lord High Treasurer, l6S6-41.] 

* [At Wotton House is preserved the crimson velvet Prayer 
Book used by the King on the scaffold (30th January, 1649). It 
was given by Juxon to Sir Richard Browne.] 

^ See ante, p. 158 ; and post, under 10th June, 1662. 

^ [See ante, p. 147. Cardinal Mazarin died 9t^ March, l66l.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 161 

the death of that great Minister and politician. 
Count Mazarin. 

29th March. Dr. Heylyn (author of the Geo- 
graphy)^ preached at the Abbey, on Cant v. 25, 
concemmg friendship and charity ; he was, I think, 
at this time quite dark [blind], and so had been 
for some years. 

81^/. This night, his Majesty promised to make 
my %vife Lady of the Jewels (a very honourable 
charge) to the fiiture Queen (but which he never 
performed). 

1^ April I dined with that great mathematician 
and virtuoso. Monsieur Zulichem,* inventor of the 
pendule clock, and discoverer of the phenomenon 
of Saturn's annulus : he was elected into our 
Society. 

19tn. To London, and saw the Bath-ing and rest 
of the ceremonies of the Knights of uie Bath, 
preparatory to the coronation ; it was in the Painted 
Chamber, Westminster. I might have received 
this honour ; but declined it The rest of the 
ceremony was in the chapel at Whitehall, when 
their swords being laid on the altar, the Bishop 
dehvered them. 

22nd. Was the splendid cavalcade of his Majesty 
from the Tower of London to Whitehall, when I 
saw him in the Banqueting-house create six Earls, 
and as many Barons, viz. 

Edward Lord Hyde,* Lord Chancellor, Earl of 

^ [Dr. Peter Heylyn, 1600-62. His Geography had appeared 
in 1621.] 

^ [Christian Huyghens van Zulichem (Hugenius)^ 1629-95, the 
mathematician ana astronomer. He was in England at this date 
(see also post, mider drd May, l66l).l 

• ^'In the following year [l650 or 1657] some attempts 
were made to remove the Chancellor [Hyde], by accusing him 
of betrajdng his Ma^^ Comisells, and holding correspondence 
with Cromwell: but these allegations were so triviall and 
frivolous, that they manifestly appear'd to be nothing but the 
effects of malice against him, and therefore produced the 

VOL. II M 



162 THE DIARY OF mi 

Clarendon ; supported by the Earls of Northumber- 
land and Sussex ; the Earl of Bedford carried the 
cap and coronet, the Earl of Warwick, the sword, 
the Earl of Newport, the mantle. 

Next, was Capel, created Earl of Essex. 

Brudenell, . . . Cardigan; 

Valentia, . . Anglesea; 

Grenville, . . . Bath; and 
Howard, Earl of Carlisle.^ 

The Barons were : Denzil Holies ; Cornwallis ; * 
Booth ; Townsend ; Cooper ; Crew ; who were led 
up by several Peers, with Garter and officers of 
arms before them ; when, after obedience on their 

contrary effects to those which some desired, and strengthened 
the King's kindness to him; as giving him just occasion to 
beleeve, that these suggestions against him, proceeded all fix)m 
one and the same cause, namely, nx>m the ambition which some 
people had, to enter in his room to the first trust of his Ma^*** 
affairs, if once they could remove him from that Station." — 
Clarke's Life of James the Second, I8I6, voL i. p. 274. 

1 John Grenville, 1628-1701, was the son of the celebrated 
Royalist general. Sir Bevil Grenville, by whose side he had 
fought in several battles with great gallantry. During the Pro- 
tectorate he had acted as Gentleman of the Bedchamber to 
Charles II., for whom he conducted negotiations with Monck. 
The new Earl of Carlisle was Charles, created Baron Dacre, 
Viscount and first Earl of Carlisle, 1629-85, who held several 
important offices. He was Ambassador to the Czar of Muscovy, 
and was afterwards sent with the Order of the Garter to 
Charles XII., King of Sweden. He was also Governor of 
Jamaica, 1677-81. 

^ Denzil Holies, 1599-1680, was second son of John, first 
Earl of Clare, and at the commencement of his career vigorously 
opposed in Parliament the arbitraiy measures of Charles I. ; 
but during the Commonwealth he sought to restore the 
monarchy, for which, as we now see, he was created Baron 
Holies. He was employed as Ambassador Extraordinary to the 
Court of France, I60S-06, and Plenipotentiary at the Treaty of 
Breda. Nevertheless, he subsequently was held to have gone 
round to his old opinions, and was again under disfavour as a 
patriot in the latter days of his life. Cornwallis was Sir Frederick 
Cornwallis, Bart., d, l662, here for his services to Charles L 
and Charles II. created Baron Cornwallis, of Eye. 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 16a 

several approaches to the throne, their patents 
were presented by Garter £jng-at-Arms, which 
being received by the Lord Chamberlain, and 
delivered to his Majesty, and by him to the 
Secretary of State, were read, and then again 
delivered to his Majesty, and by him to the several 
Lords created ; they were then robed, their coronets 
and collars put on by his Majesty, and they were 

E laced in rank on both sides the state and throne ; 
ut the Barons put off their caps and circles, and 
held them in their hands, the Earls keeping on 
their coronets, as cousins to the King. 

I spent the rest of the evening in seeing the 
several arch-triumphals built in the streets at 
several eminent places through which his Majesty 
was next day to pass, some of which, though 
temporary, and to stand but one year, were of 
good invention and architecture, with inscriptions. 

28rd April Was the Coronation of his M^esty 
Charles the Second in the Abbey Church of W est- 
minster; at all which ceremony I was present. 
The King and his Nobility went to the Tower^ 
I accompanying my Lord Viscount Mordaunt ^ part 
of the way ; this was on Sunday, the 22nd ; but 
indeed his Majesty went not tiU early this morning, 
and proceeded from thence to Westminster, in 
this order : * 

First, went the Duke of York's Horse Guards. 
Messengers of the Chamber. 186 Esquires to the 
Ejiights of the Bath, each of whom had two, most 
richly habited. The Knight Harbinger. Serjeant 

1 [Second, p. 1190 

* A full account of this ceremony, with elaborate engravings,^ 
by Hollar and others, appeared in 1662 in a folio volume pub- 
lished by John Ogilby, the "King's Cosmographer," 1600-76, 
[Its title was — The EnterUdnment of his most excelleni majuiie 
Charles IL, in his passage throug the city of London to his corona- 
(•on.] Ogilby was entrusted with the ''poetical part" of the 
show. 



164 THE DIARY OF im 

Porter. Sewers of the Chamber. Quarter Waiters. 
Six Clerks of Chancery. Clerk of the Signet. 
Clerk of the Privy Seal Clerks of the Council, 
of the Parliament, and of the Crown. Chaplains 
in ordinary having dignities, 10. King's Advocates 
and Remembrancer. Council at Law. Masters 
of the Chancery. Puisne Seijeants. King's 
Attorney and Solicitor. King's eldest Serjeant. 
Secretaries of the French and Latin tongue. 
Gentlemen Ushers. Daily Waiters, Sewers, Carvers, 
and Cupbearers in ordinary. Esquires of the body, 
4. Masters of standing offices, being no Counsellors, 
viz. of the Tents, Revels, Ceremonies, Armoury, 
Wardrobe, Ordnance, Requests. Chamberlain of 
the Exchequer. Barons of the Exchequer. Judges. 
Lord Chief- Baron. Lord Chief- Justice of the 
Common Pleas. Master of the Rolls. Lord 
Chief-Justice of England. Trumpets. Gentlemen 
of the Privy Chaml^r. Knights of the Bath, 68, 
in crimson robes, exceeding rich, and the noblest 
show of the whole cavalcade, his Majesty excepted. 
Knight Marshal. Treasurer of the Chamber. 
Master of the Jewels. Lords of the Privy Council. 
Comptroller of the Household. Treasurer of the 
Household. Trumpets. Serjeant Trumpet Two 
Pursuivants at Arms. Barons. Two Pursuivants 
at Arms. Viscounts. Two Heralds. Earls. 
Lord Chamberlain of the Household. Two 
Heralds. Marquises. Dukes. Heralds Claren- 
cieux and Norroy. Lord Chancellor. Lord High 
Steward of England. Two persons representing 
the Dukes of Normandy and Acquitaine, viz. Sir 
Richard Fanshawe^ and Sir Herbert Price, in 
fimtastic habits of the time. Gentlemen Ushers. 
Garter. Lord Mayor of London. The Duke of 
York alone (the rest by two's). Lord Hi^h 
Constable of England. Lord Great Chamberlam 

^ [See ante, p. 51.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 165 

of England. The sword borne by the Earl 
Marshfu of England. The KING, in royal robes 
and equipage. Afterwards, followed equerries, 
footmen, gentlemen pensioners. Master of the 
Horse, leading a horse richly caparisoned. Vice- 
Chamberlain. Captain of the Pensioners. Captain 
of the Guard. The Guard. The Horse-Guwrd. 
The troop of Volunteers, with many other officers 
and gentlemen. 

This magnificent train on horseback, as rich as 
embroidery, velvet, cloth of gold and silver, and 
jewels, could make them and their prancing horses, 

Eroceeded through the streets strewed with flowers, 
ouses hun^ with rich tapestry, windows and 
balconies fuU of ladies ; the London militia lining 
the ways, and the several companies, with their 
banners and loud music, ranked in their orders ; the 
fountains running wine, bells ringing, with speeches 
made at the several triumphal arches; at that of 
the Temple Bar (near which I stood) the Lord 
Mayor was received by the Bailiff of Westminster, 
who, in a scarlet robe, made a speech. Thence, 
with joyful acclamations, his Majesty passed to 
Whitehall Bonfires at night. 

The next day, being St. George's, he went by 
water to Westminster Abbey. When his Majesty 
was entered, the Dean and Prebendaries brought 
all the regalia, and delivered them to several noble- 
men to bear before the King, who met them at the 
west door of the church, singing an anthem, to the 
choir. Then, came the peers, in their robes, and 
coronets in their hands, till his Majesty was placed 
on a throne elevated before the altar. Afterwards, 
the Bishop of London ^ (the Archbishop of Canter- 
bury being sick) * went to every side of the throne 
to present the King to the people, asking if they 
would have him for their King, and do him homage ; 

^ [Sheldon (see ante, p. 159).] ^ [Juxon (see anie, p. I60).] 



166 THE DIARY OF iwi 

At this, they shouted four times " God save Kmg 
Charles the Second ! ^ Then, an anthem was sung. 
His Majesty, attended by three Bishops, went up 
to the altar, and he offered a pall and a pound of 
gold. Afterwards, he sate down in another chair 
during the sermon, which was preached by Dr. 
Morley, Bishop of Worcester.^ 

After sermon, the King took his oath before the 
altar to maintain the religion, Magna Cbarta, and 
laws of the land. The hymn f^eni S. S^. followed, 
and then the Litany by two Bishops. Then the 
Archbishop of Canterbury, present but much indis- 
posed and weak, said ''Lift up your hearts'"; at 
which, the King rose up, and put off his robes and 
upper garments, and was in a waistcoat so opened 
in divers places, that the Archbishop might com- 
modiously anoint hun, first in the palms of his 
hands, when an anthem was sung, and a prayer 
read ; then, his breast and betwixt the shoulders, 
bending of both arms ; and, lastly, on the crown of 
the head, with apposite hymns and prayers at each 
anointing ; this done, the Dean closed and buttoned 
up the waistcoat After which, was a coif put on, 
and the cobbium, sindon or dalmatic, and over this 
a super-tunic of cloth of gold, with buskins and 
sandals of the same, spurs, and the sword ; a prayer 
being first said over it by the Archbishop on the 
altar, before it was girt on by the Lord Chamberlain. 
Then, the armill, mantle, etc Then, the Arch- 
bishop placed the crown-imperial on the altar, 
prayai over it, and set it on his Majesty's head, 
at which all the Peers put on their coronets. 
Anthems, and rare music, with lutes, viols, 
trumpets, oigans, and voices, were then heard, and 
the Archbishop put a ring on his Majesty's finger. 
The King next offered his sword on the altar, 

^ [See ante, p. 19* He was not translated to Winchester until 
1662.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 167 

which being redeemed, was drawn, and borne 
before him. Then, the Archbishop delivered him 
the sceptre with the dove in one hand, and, in the 
other, the sceptre with the globe. The King 
kneeling, the Archbishop pronounced the blessing. 
His Majesty then ascenaing again his royal throne, 
whilst Te Deum was singing, all the Peers did 
their homage, by every one touching his crown. 
The Archbishop, and the rest of the Bishops, first 
kissing the King; who received the Holy Sacra- 
ment, and so disrobed, yet with the crown-imperial 
on his head, and accompanied with all the nobility 
in the former order, he went on foot upon blue cloth, 
which was spread and reached from the west door 
of the Abbey to Westminster stairs, when he took 
water in a triumphal barge to Whitehall, where 
was extraordinary feasting. 

24tth Apiil I presented his Majesty with his 
"Pan^yric"^ in the Privy Chamber, which he was 
pleased to accept most graciously ; I gave copies to 
the Lord Chancellor, and most of uie noblemen 
who came to me for it. I dined at the Marquis 
of Ormonde's, where was a magnificent feast, and 
many great persons. 

1^/ May. I went to Hyde Park to take the air, 
where was his Majesty and an innumerable appear- 
ance of gallants and rich coaches, being now a time 
of universal festivity and joy. 

2nd. I had audience of my Lord Chancellor' 
about my title to Sayes Court. 

Qrd. I went to see the wonderful engine for 
weaving silk stockings, said to have been the 
invention of an Oxford scholar forty years 

^ \A Poem upon his Majesties Coronation the 23 of April, I66I, 
being St, Georges day, London : 1661. From a letter of this date 
from Lord Mordaunt to Eveljm^ it seems that King Charles had 
nervously inquired^ first, whether the " panegyric " was in Latin, 
and secondly whether it was long.] 

^ [See ante, p. 16I.] 



168 THE DIARY OF mi 

since ;^ and I returned by Fromantil's»^ the &mous 
clock -maker, to see some paidules. Monsieur 
Zulichem being with us. 

This evening, I was with my Lord Brouncker,' 
Sir Robert Murray,* Sir Paid Neile,* Monsieur 
Zulichem,^ and BuU (all of them of our Society, 
and excellent mathematicians), to show his Majesty, 
who was present, Saturn's annulus, as some thought, 
but as Zulichem affirmed with his Balteus (as that 
learned gentleman had published), very near eclipsed 
by the moon, near the Mons Porphyritis; also, 
Jupiter and satellites, through his Majesty's great 
telescope, drawing thirty-five feet ; on which were 
divers discourses. 

Sth May. His Majesty rode in state, with his 
imperial crown on, and all the peers in their robes, 
in great pomp to the parliament now newly chosen 
(the old one being dissolved) ; and, that evening, 
declared in council his intention to marry the 
In&nta of Portugal^ 

9th. At Sir Robert Murray's, where I met Dr. 
Wallis,® Professor of Greometry in Oxford, where 
was discourse of several mathematical subjects. 

^ [William Lee^ M.A., of Cambridge^ d. I6IO. His invention 
being discouraged by l^izabeth and James I.^ he migrated to 
Rouen and died in France. His art was then brought back to 
this countiy by his brother (see Felkin's History of the Machine' 
wrought Hosiery a$ui Lace Manufactures^ 1867).] 

* TSee anUy p. 154.] 

* Sir William, the second Viscount Brouncker, 1620-84, was the 
first President of the Royal Society ; and several mathematical 
papers written by him are to be found in their Transactions. 
He was also Chancellor to Queen Catherine of Braganza, 1662, a 
Commissioner of the Admiralty, and Master of St. Catherine's 
Hospital, I68I. 

* [See ante, p. 159.] * [See o«te, p. 111.] 

^ [See ante, p. I6I.I ^ [Catherine of Braganza.] 

« John Wallis, l6l6-l70S, bom at Ashford, in Kent, of which 

place his father was minister. Adopting the same profession, he 

took his degree of Doctor of Divinity, and obtained the living of 

St. Gabriel, Fenchurch Street, London, in 1643. He was one of 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 169 

11th May. My wife presented to his Majesty 
the Madonna she had copied in miniature from F. 
Oliver s paintmg, after Raphael, which she wrought 
with extraordinary pains and judgment The King 
was infinitely pleased with it, and caused it to be 
placed in his cabinet amongst his best paintings. 

18th. I heard and saw such exercises at the 
election of scholars at Westminster school to be 
sent to the university in Latin, Greek, Hebrew, 
and Arabic, in themes and extemporary verses, as 
wonderfully astonished me in such youths, with 
such readiness and wit, some of them not above 
twelve, or thirteen years of age. Pity it is, that 
what they attain here so ripely, they either do not 
retain, or do not improve more considerably when 
they come to be men, though many of them do ; 
and no less is to be blamed uieir odd pronouncing 
of Latin, so that out of England none were able to 
understand, or endure it The examinants, or posers, 
were. Dr. Duport, Greek Professor at Cambridge ; ^ 
Dr. Fell, Dean of Christ-Church, Oxford ;• Dr. 

the earliest members of the Royal Society. He was appointed 
chaplain to Charles II., and had been employed in decyphering 
intercepted correspondence, in which he was considered remark- 
ably clever. 

1 James Duport, 1 606-79* He finished his education at 
Trinity, and was appointed Regius Professor of Greek in l639, 
but was deprived in 1656 for refusing the engagement. He was 
Prebendaiy of Lincoln and Archdeacon of Stow in l641, and in 
l660 chaplain to Charles II., when he was restored to his Greek 
Professorship^ created Doctor of Divinity^ made Dean of Peter- 
borough, and, in l668, elected Master of Magdalene College (see 
post, under 15th September, 1672). 

' John Fell, 1625-86. He was removed from the grammar- 
school at Thame, when only eleven years of age, to become a 
student at Christ Church, Oxford, his father being at the time 
Vice-Chancellor of the University. Of this appointment the 
elder Fell was deprived by the Parliament, and his son expelled 
from his College, for having been in arms for the King. The 
father died upon hearing of the execution of Charles, but the 
son was not overlooked at the Restoration, receiving a stall at 



170 THE DIARY OF im 

Pearson,^ Dr. Allestree, Dean of Westminster,* 
and any that would. 

IMh May. His Majesty was pleased to discourse 
with me concerning several particulars relating to 
our Society, and the planet Saturn, etc., as he sate 
at supper in the withdrawing-room to his bed- 
chamber. 

16th. I dined with Mr. Garmus, the resident 
from Hamburgh, who continued his feast near 
nine whole hours, according to the custom of his 
country,* though there was no great excess of 
drinking, no man being obliged to take more than 
he liked. 

22nd. The Scotch Covenant was burnt by the 
common hangman in divers places in London. Oh^ 
prodigious change ! 

29th. This was the first anniversary appointed 
by Act of Parliament * to be observed as a day of 
General Thanksgiving for the miraculous restora- 
tion of his Majesty : our vicar preaching on Psalm 
cxviiL 24, requiring us to be thankful and rejoice, 
as indeed we had cause. 

4tth June. Came Sir Charles Harbord, his 
Majesty's surveyor, to take an account of what 
grounds I challenged at Sayes Court 

27th. I saw the Portugal Ambassador at dinner 
with his Majesty in state, where was excellent 
music 

Chichester^ and afterwards a more valuable one at Christ Church. 
He served the office of Vice-Chancellor of the University in 
1666, and^ in 1675, was made Bishop of Oxford. 

^ [See ante, p. 64.] 2 p^g ^j„^^ p, 157.] 

• [These prolonged state feasts were apparently not confined 
to Hamburgh. "On the 19th of February [1664] the Tsar 
invited Lord Carlisle [see pott, under 29th December^ l662] and 
his suite to a dinner^ which^ beginning at two o'clock^ lasted 
till eleven, when it was prematurely broken up by the Tsar's 
nose beginning to bleed" (Birrell's Andrew Marvell, 1905, 



n2).J 



12 Car. II. c. 14.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 171 

2nd July. I went to see the New Spring- 
Garden, at Lambeth, a pretty contrived plantation/ 

19th. We tried our Diving-Bell, or engine, in 
the water-dock at Deptford, in which our curator 
continued half an hour under water ; it was made 
of cast lead, let down with a strong cable. 

8rd August Came my Lord Hatton, Comp- 
troller of his Majesty's household, to visit me.' 

9th. I tried several experiments on the sensitive 
plant * and humilis, which contracted with the least 
touch of the sun through a burning-glass, though it 
rises and opens only wlen it shines on it 

I first saw the famous Queen Pine^ brought 
from Barbadoes, and presented to his Majesty ; but 
the first that were ever seen in England were those 
sent to Cromwell four years since. 

I dined at Mr. Palmer s in Gray's Inn,* whose 
curiosity excelled in clocks and pendules, especially 
one that had innumerable motions, and played nine 
or ten tunes on the bells very fijiely, some of them 
set in parts ; which was very harmonious. It was 
wound up but once in a quarter. He had also 
good telescopes and mathematical instruments, 
choice pictures, and other curiosities. Thence, we 
went to that famous mountebank, Jo. Punteus. 

Sir Kenelm Digby presented every one of us 
his Discourse of the Vegetation of Plants ; • and 
Mr. Henshaw, his History of Salt-Petre and 

1 Afterwards opened by Jonathan Tyers in June, 1732, as 
Vauxhall Gardens. 

« [See ante, p. IS n.] » [See ante, p. 79.] 

^ A print was engraved in 1823 by Robert Graves^ from a 
picture attributed to Henry Danckers at Strawberry-Hill, repre- 
senting King Charles II. receiving this fruit from John Rose his 
gardener, who is presenting it on his knees at Dawney G>urt, 
Buckinghamshire, the seat of the Duchess of Cleveland. See 
post, under 19th August, l668. 

* [Dudley Palmer. He was a member of the Royal Society.] 
^ [De Plantarum Fegetatione, l66l. Digby discovered the 
necessity of oxygen to the life of plants.] 



172 THE DIARY OF leai 

Gunpowder. I assisted him to procure his place of 
French Secretary to the King, which he purchased 
of Sir Henry De Vic-^ 

I went to that famous physician, Sir Fr. Prujean,' 
who showed me his laboratory, his work*house for 
turning, and other mechanics ; also many excellent 
pictures, especially the Magdfden of Caracci; and 
some incomparable paysages done in distemper ; he 
played to me Ukewise on the polythore^ an instru- 
ment having something of the harp, lute, and 
theorbo ; by none known in England, nor described 
by any author, nor used, but by this skilful and 
learned Doctor. 

15th August I went to Tunbridge- Wells, my 
wife being there for the benefit of her health. 
Walking about the solitudes, I greatly admired the 
extravagant tummgs, insmuations, and growth of 
certain birch trees among the rocks. 

\&th September. I presented my Fum%fugmm\ 
dedicated to his Majesty, who was pleased that I 
should publish it by his special commands, being 
much CTatified with it. 

18^^ This day was read our petition to his 
Majesty for his royal grant, authorising our Society 
to meet as a corporation, with several privileges.* 

An exceeding sickly, wet autunm. 

1^ October. I sailed this morning with his 
Majesty in one of his yachts (or pleasure-boats), 
vessels not known among us till the Dutch East 

^ [See ofite, voL L p. 56.] 

« [Sir Francis Prujean, 159^-1666, President of the College of 
FhjTsicians. He was knighted in this year.] 

^ Fundfugium : or, the Inconveniende of the Aer and Smoak of 
Lomdon dissipated, etc., l66l. This pamphlet having become 
scarce^ was in 1772 reprinted in 4to^ and is now incorporated in 
Evelyn's Miscellaneous Writings, 1 825, pp. 205-42. 

^ [The King granted a Charter to the Royal Society, 15th July, 
1662. This being insufficient in some particulars, a new patent 
was substituted, 22nd April, l663.] 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 178 

India Company presented that curious piece to 
the King; being very excellent sailing vessels. 
It was on a wager between his other new pleasure- 
boat, built frigate-like, and one of the JDuke of 
York's ; the wager £100; the race from Greenwich 
to Gravesend and back. The King lost it going, 
the wind being contrary, but saved stakes in 
returning. There were divers noble persons and 
lords on board, his Majesty sometimes steering 
himself. His barge and kitchen boat attended. 
I brake fast this morning with the King at return 
in his smaller vessel, he being pleased to take me 
and only four more, who were noblemen, with 
him; but dined in his yacht, where we all eat 
together with his Majesty. In this passage he 
was pleased to discourse to me about my book 
inveighing against the nuisance of the smoke of 
London, and proposing expedients how, by re- 
moving those particulars I mentioned,^ it might 
be reformed; commanding me to prepare a Bill 
against the next session of Parliament, being, as 
he said, resolved to have something done in it. 
Then he discoursed to me of the improvement of 
gardens and buildings, now very rare in England 
comparatively to other countries. He then com- 
manded me to draw up the matter of fact 
happening at the bloody encounter which then 
had newly happened between the French and 
Spanish Ambassadors near the Tower,* contending 
for precedency, at the reception of the Swedish 
Ambassador; giving me order to consult Sir 
Wilham Compton, Master of the Ordnance,* to 
inform me of what he knew of it, and with his 

1 In Furmfugium, before mentioned (p. 172). 

* [The French Ambassador was Louis Godefroy, Comit 
D'Estrades ; the Spanish^ the Baron de Watteville or Bateville.] 

> [Sir William Compton, 1625-63. He had taken part in the 
Kentish Rising (see ante, p. 5).] 



174 THE DIARY OF 166I 

favourite. Sir Charles Berkeley/ captain of the 
Duke's life-guard, then present with his troop and 
three foot-companies ; with some other reflections 
and instructions, to be prepared with a declaration 
to take off the reports which went about of his 
Majesty's partiality in the affairs, and of his 
officers and spectators' rudeness whilst the conflict 
lasted. So I came home that night, and went 
next mormng to London, where from the officers 
of the Tower, Sir William Compton, Sir Charles 
Berkeley, and others who were attending at this 
meeting of the Ambassadors three days before, 
having collected what I could, I drew up a 
narrative in vindication of his Majesty, and the 
carriage of his officers and standers-by. 

On Thursday, his Majesty sent one of the pages 
of the back stairs for me to wait on him with my 
papers, in his cabinet, where was present only Sir 
Henry Bennet * (Privy-Purse), when beginning to 
read to his Majesty what I had drawn up, by the 
time I had read half a page, came in Mr. Secretary 
Morice ^ with a large paper, desiring to speak with 
his Majesty, who told him he was now very busy, 
and theremre ordered him to come again some 
other time; the Secretary replied that what he 
had in his hand was of extraordinary importance. 
So the King rose up, and, conmianding me to stay, 
went aside to a comer of the room with the 
Secretary; after a while, the Secretary being 
despatched, his Majesty returning to me at the 
table, a letter was brought him from Madame out 
of France ; * this he read and then bid me proceed 

^ Subsequently that Earl of Falmouth who was killed by the 
side of the Duke of York in the first Dutch war. He was 
Treasurer of the Household (see post, under 21st January, l66d). 

s [Sir Henry Bennet, 1 618-85, afterwards first Earl of Arling- 
ton, 16689 Ai^d Secretary of State, 1662-74.] 

' {See post, under 10th September, l663.] 

^ His sister Henrietta. 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 175 

from where I left off. This I did till I had ended 
all the narrative, to his Majesty's great satisfaction; 
and, after I had inserted one or two more clauses, 
in which his Majesty instructed me, commanded 
that it should that night be sent to the Post-house, 
dkected to the Lord Ambassador at Paris (the 
Earl of St Albans),^ and then at leisure to prepare 
hhn a copy, which he would publish.^ This I did, 
and immediately sent my papers to the Secretary 
of State, with his Majesty's express command of 
despatching them that night for France. Before 
I went out of the King's closet, he called me back 
to show me some ivory statues, and other curiosities 
that I had not seen before. 

8rd October. Next evening, being in the with- 
drawmg-room adjoining the bedchamber, his 
Majesty espymg me came to me from a great 
crowd of noblemen standmg near the fire, and 
asked me if I had done ; and told me he feared it 
might be a little too sharp, on second thoughts; 
for he had that morning spoken with the French 
Ambassador, who it seems had palliated the matter, 
and was very tame; and therefore directed me 
where I should soften a period or two, before it 
was published (as afterwards it was). This night 
also he spake to me to give him a sight of what 
was sent, and to bring it to him in his bedchamber; 
which I did, and received it again from him at 
dinner, next day. By Saturday, having finished it 
with all his Majesty s notes, the King being gone 
abroad, I sent the papers to Sir Henry Bennet 
(Privy-Purse and a great favourite), and slipped 

1 [See ante, p. 149.] 

2 [It was entitled A Faithful and Impartial Narrative of what 
passed at the Landing of the Swedish Ambassador, and is reprinted 
at the close of this volume. Appendix V. A chapter is also 
devoted to this episode in M. Jusserand's excellent French 
Ambassador at the Court of Charles IL, 1892, pp. 17-32.] 



176 THE DIARY OF i6«i 

home, being myself much indisposed and harassed 
with going about, and sitting up to write. 

19th October. I went to London to visit my 
Lord of Bristol/ having been with Sir John 
Denham (his Majesty's surveyor) * to consult with 
him about the placing of his palace at Greenwich, 
which I would iiave had built between the river 
and the Queen's house, so as a large square cut 
should have let in the Thames like a bay; but 
Sir John was for setting it on piles at the very 
brink of the water, which I did not assent to ; and 
so came away, knowing Sir John to be a better 
poet than architect, though he had Mr. Webbe* 
(Inigo Jones's man) to assist him. 

29th. I saw the Lord Mayor ^ pass in his water 
triumph to Westminster, being the first solemnity 
of this nature after twenty years. 

2nd November. Came Sir Henry Bennet, since 
Lord Arlington, to visit me, and to acquaint me 
that his Majesty would do me the honour to come 

1 George Digby, second Earl of Bristol, 1612-77. Horace 
Walpole thus smartly sums up his character : *^ He wrote against 
Popery, and embraced it; he was a zealous opposer of the 
court, and a sacrifice for it: was conscientiously converted in 
the midst of his prosecution of lord Strafford, and was most 
unconscientiously a prosecutor of lord Clarendon. With great 
parts, he always hurt himself and his friends; with romantic 
bravery, he was always an unsuccessful commander. He spoke 
for the test-act, though a Roman Catholic, and addicted him- 
self to astrology on the birth -day of true philosophy " (Rotfol 
and Noble Authors, 1806, vol. iii. pp. 205-6). Grammont men- 
tions him^ but in terms fEur from respectful : nor does he appear 
to more advantage in the annals of Bussy^ or in the continuation 
of his life by Clarendon. 

* [See anle, p. 70.] ^ 

* 'John Webbe, 1611-72, Inigo Jones's pupil.] 

^ Sir John Frederick, Knight and Baronet. The account of 
the pageant for this day was published in London's Triumphs . . . 
at the costs and charges of the fVorshipfuU Company of Grocers. 
By John Tatham, lo6l, 4to (see the Gentleman s magazine for 
December 1824, p. 516). John Tatham, 1632-64, was a poet 
and dramatist who wrote the City pageants, 1657-64. 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 177 

and see my garden ; but» it being then late, it was 
deferred. 

8rd November. One Mr. Breton ^ preached his 
probation-sermon at our parish-church, and indeed 
made a most excellent discourse on John i. 29, 
of God's free grace to penitents, so that I could 
not but recommend him to the patron. 

10th. In the afternoon, preached at the Abbey 
Dr. Basire, that great traveller, or rather French 
Apostle,' who had been plantii^ the Church of 
England in divers parts of the Lievant and Asia. 
He showed that the Church of England was, for 
purity of doctrine, substance, decency, and beauty, 
the most perfect under Heaven ; that England was 
the very land of Goshen. 

ll^A. I was so idle as to go to see a play called 
Love and Honour.^ — Dined at Arundel House; 
and that evening discoursed with his Maiesty 
about shipping, in which he was exceeding skimiL 

15th. I dined with the Duke of Ormonde, who 
told me there were no moles in Ireland, nor any 
rats till of late, and that but in one county ; but 
it was a mistake that spiders would not live there, 
only they were not poisonous. Also, that they 
frequently took salmon with do^ 

16th. I presented my translation of Naiukevs 

1 FRev. Robert Breton, d. 1672. He obtained the living of 
Depobrd, succeeding the Rev. Robert Littler (see ante, p. 138). 
Pepys writes of him on June 5, l66d : — '* To Deptfonl, where 
Dr. Britton, parson of the town, a fine man and good company, 
dined with us, and good discourse." ** A veiy useful charitable 
man/' Evelyn calls him elsewhere (see also poH, under 20th 
February, 1672).] 

^ Dr. Isaac Basire, 1607-76. After various preferments and 
honours, the disturbed state of the country induced him to quit 
England, and he travelled in the Morea, to the Holy Land, and 
to Constantinople. On his return, Charles II. appointed him his 
Chaplain in Ordinaiy. 

* A Tragi-Comedy, by Sir William Davenant, first acted at the 
Blackfriars, 1649 ; the performance took place in the morning. 

VOL. II N 



178 THE DIARY OF 166I 

concerrdng Libraries to my Lord Chancellor ; but 
it was miserably false printed.^ 

17tk November. Dr. Creighton,* a Scot, author 
of the Florentine Council, and a most eloquent 
man and admirable Grecian, preached on Cant* 
vL 18, celebrating the return and restoration of the 
Church and King. 

20tk. At the Royal Society, Sir William Petty 
proposed divers things for the improvement of 
shipping ; a versatile keel that should be on hinges, 
ana concerning sheathing ships with thin lead.' 

2Mh. This night his Majesty fell into discourse 
with me concerning bees, etc 

26th. I saw Hamlet Prince of Denmxirk 
played ; ^ but now the old plays began to disgust 
this refined age, since his Majesty's being so long 
abroad. 

2Sth. I dined at Chiffinch*s^ house-warming, in 
St James's Park; he was his Majesty's closet- 

^ [Instructions concerning Erecting of a Library : presented to My 
Lord the President de Mesme. By Gabriel Naudeus, P. and now in-' 
terpretedby Jo, Evelyn, Esquire, London : I66I. [It was a trans- 
lation of Gabriel Naud6's Avis pour dresser une BibliothSque, l627.] 
Pepys^ to whom the author gave a copy in 1665^ comments as 
follows: — ^'^ Reading a book of Mr. £vel3m's translating . . . 
about directions for gathering a Library ; but the book is above 
my reach " {Diary, October 5, 1665).] 

« [See ante, p. 17.] 

« [See post, under 22nd December, 1664. Sir William Petty, 
1623-87, was a very versatile projector, physician, and political 
economist Acquiescing in the Restoration, after a chequered 
career, he was knighted, became G>mmissioner of the Court of 
Claims, opened lead mines, established pilchard fisheries, and 
assisted in the Councils of the Royal Society. He wrote a method 
for equalising taxation, and acted as president of a philosophical 
society established in Dublin. See post, under 22nd March, 
1675, where his character is drawn at large.] 

* [Pepys seems to have been the following day (27th 
November, I66I). Earlier in the year he had seen Betterton 
act the Prince " beyond imagination " at the Opera (August 24, 
1661).] 

^ [Thomas Chiffinch, 1 6OO-66. He had been page to Charles L} 



1661 JOHN EVELYN 179 

keeper, and had his new house full of good pictures^, 
etc There dined with us Russell, Popish Bishop 
of Cape Verd, who was sent out to negotiate his 
Majesty's match with the Infanta of Portugal, after 
the Ambassador was returned.^ 

29th Naoember. I dined at the Countess of Peter- 
borough's, and went that evening to Parson's Green 
with my Lord Mordaunt,* with whom I stayed that 
night 

1^ December. I took leave of my Lord 
Peterborough,* going now to Tangier, which was 
to be delivered to the English on the match with 
Portugal 

Qra. By universal suffrage of our philosophic 
assembly, an order was made and registered, that 
I should receive their public thanks for the honour- 
able mention I made of them by the name of Royal 
Society, in my Epistle dedicatory to the Lord 
Chancellor, before my Traduction of Naudaeus/ 
Too great an honour ror a trifle. 

4m. I had much discourse with the Duke of 
York, concerning strange cures he affirmed of a 
woman who swallowed a whole ear of barley, which 
worked out at her side. I told him of the knife 
swallowed^ and the pins. 

I took leave of the Bishop of Cape Verd, now 
going in the fleet to bring over our new Queen. 

1th. I dined at Arundel House, the day when 
the great contest in Parliament was concerning the 
restoring the Duke of Norfolk; however, it was 

1 [See below, 4th December.] * [See ante, p. 119.] 

* [Henry Mordaunt, second £arl of Peterborough, 1624-97. 
He resigned his Governorship in a few months.] 

* reee ofite, p. 178.] 

^ This refers to the Dutchman, anie, vol. i. p. 42, and to an 
extraordinary case contained in a ^' Miraculous cure of the Prussian 
Swallow Knife, etc., by Dan. Lakin, P.C." 4to, London, 1642, 
with a woodcut representing the object of the cure, and the size 
of the knife. 



180 THE DIARY OF im2 

carried for him. I also presented my little trifle 
of Sumptuary Laws, entitled Tyranrms or The 
Mode} 

\Uh December. I saw otter -hunting with the 
King, and killed one. 

IQtJu I saw a French Comedy acted at White- 
hall 

20tJu The Bishop of Gloucester' preached at 
the Abbey, at the funeral of the Bishop of Here- 
ford,' brother to the Duke of Albemarle. It was 
a decent solemnity. There was a silver mitre, with 
episcopal rol)es, borne by the herald before the 
hearse, which was followed by the Duke his 
brother, and all the Bishops, with divers noblemen. 

28r{£ I heard an Italian play and sing to the 
guitar with extraordinary skill before the jDuke. 

1661-2 : 1^ January. I went to London, invited 
to the solemn foolery of the Prince de la Grange, 
at Lincoln's Inn, where came the King, Duke, etc 
It began with a grand masque, and a formal plead- 
ing ^fore the mock Princes, Grandees, Nobles, 
and Knights of the Sun. He had his Lord Chan- 
cellor, Chamberlain, Treasurer, and other Royal 
Ofiicers, gloriously clad and attended. It ended in 
a magnincent banquet. One Mr. Lort was the 
young spark who maintained the pageantry.^ 

QtL This evening, according to custom, his 
Majesty opened the revels of that night by throw- 
ing the dice himself in the Privy-Chamber, where 

^ \Tyraimus or the Mode; m a Discourte of Sumptuary Lowes, 
London : l66l. It is reprinted at pp. 308-20 of voL ii. of the 
4to Diofy of 1819 (second edition).] 

s Dr. William Nicholson, 1591-1672; Bishop of Gloucester, 
1661-72. 

* [Dr. Nicholas Monck, I6IO-6I; Bishop of Herefoid, 
1660-61.] 

^ [See next entiy, and /NM^, under 9th Januaiy, I668. Further 
particulars with regard to these '^ solemn fooleries** are to be 
found in Herbert's AnHquities of the Inns of Court, etc., 1804, 314 ; 
and Douthwaite's Grwfs Inn, 1876, pp. ^8-73.] 



1M2 JOHN EVELYN 181 

was a table set on purpose, and lost his £100. 
(The year before he won £1500.) The ladies also 
played very deep. I came away when the Duke 
of Ormonde had won about £1000, and left them 
still at passage, cards, etc At other tables, both 
there and at the Groom -porter's, observing the 
wicked folly and monstrous excess of passion 
amongst some losers; sorry am I that such a 
wretched custom as play to that excess should be 
countenanced in a CTourt, which ought to be an 
example of virtue to the rest of the Kingdom. 

9th January. I saw acted The Third Part of 
the Siege of Rhodes} In this acted the fair and 
famous comedian called Roxalana from the part 
she performed ; ' and I think it was the last, she 
being taken to be the Earl of Oxford's Miss (as at 
this time they began to call lewd women). It was 
in recitative music. 

10th. Being called into his Majesty's closet 
when Mr. Cooper, the rare limner,* was crayoning 
of the King's face and head, to make the stamps 
for the new milled money now contriving, I had 
the honour to hold the candle whilst it was doing, 
he choosing the night and candle-light for the 
better finding out the shadows.^ During this, his 

^\The Siege of Rhodes was a tragi-comedy in Two Parts^ bjr 
Sir William Ihivenant, taken from Measure for Measure and Mudk 
Ado about Nothing. It was acted at the Duke's Theatre in 
Lincoln's Inn Fields^ of which Davenant was^ at this date, 
patentee. With The Siege of Rhodes, English O^ra practically 
begins/l 

' [£aizabeth Davenport She had a son by the Earl of Oxford 
in l6o4. There is some account of her in ch. ix. of Grammont's 
Memotrs.] 

» [Samuel Cooper, l609-72, the ''English Vandvck" in little, 
a man of many gifts. Pepys greatly admired nim; and he 
painted Mrs. Pepys in 1668. In the Royal Collection at Windsor 
Castle there are notable miniatures by Cooper of Charles II., 
Monmouth, and Albemarle.1 

^ This scene has been cnosen as the subject of a picture by 
Daniel Maclise. 



182 THE DIARY OF im 

Majesty discoursed with me on several things relat- 
ing to painting and graving. 

11th January. I dined at Arundel House, where 
I heard excellent music performed by the ablest 
masters, both French and English, on theorbos, 
viols, organs, and voices, as an exercise against 
the coming of the Queen, purposely composed for 
her chapel. Afterwards, my Lord Aubigny ^ (her 
Majesty's Almoner to be) showed us his elegant 
lodging, and his wheel-chair for ease and motion, 
with divers other curiosities ; especially a kind of 
artificial glass, or porcelain, adorned with relievos of 
paste, ha^ and b^utifuL Lord Aubigny (brother 
to the Duke of Lennox) was a person of good sense, 
but wholly abandoned to ease and effeminacy. 

I received of Sir Peter Ball, the Queen's Attor- 
ney, a draught of an Act against the nuisance of 
the smoke of London, to be reformed by removing 
several trades which are the cause of it, and en- 
danger the health of the Kinff and his people. It 
was to have been offered to the Parliament, as his 
Majesty commanded.^ 

12th. At St. James's chapel preached, or rather 
harangued, the famous orator. Monsieur Moms,' in 
French. There were present the King, Duke, 
French Ambassador, Lora Aubigny, Earl of Bristol, 
and a world of Roman Catholics, dirawn thither to 
hear this eloquent Protestant. 

15^^ There was a general fast through the 
whole nation, and now celebrated in London, to 
avert God's heavy judgments on this land. Great 
rain had fallen without any frost, or seasonable cold, 
not only in England, but in Sweden, and the most 
northern parts, being here near as warm as at Mid- 
summer in some years. 

1 rSee ante, p. 46.] « [See ante, p. 173.1 

^ Probably Alexander Moms (the antagonist of Milton), who 
was here in 1662. 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 188 

This solemn fast was held for the House of 
Commons at St. Margaret's. Dr. Ryves, Dean of 
Windsor,^ preached on Joshua vii. 12, showing 
how the neglect of exacting justice on offenders 
(by which he insinuated such of the old King's 
murderers as were yet reprieved and in the Tower) 
was a main cause of God's punishing a land. He 
brought in that of the Gibeonites, as well as Achan 
and others, concluding with an eulogy of the 
Parliament for their loyalty in restoring the Bishops 
and Clergy, and vindicating the Church from 
sacrilege. 

16th Jarvuary. Having notice of the Duke of 
York's intention to visit my poor habitation and 
garden this day, I returned, when he was pleased 
to do me that honour of his own accord, and to 
stay some time viewing such things as I had to 
entertain his curiosity. Afterwards, he caused me 
to dine with him at thfe Treasurer of the Navy's 
house, and to sit with him covered at the same 
table. There were his Highness, the Duke of 
Ormonde, and several Lords. Then they viewed 
some of my grounds about a project for a receptacle 
for ships to be moored in, which was laid aside as 
a fancy of Sir Nicholas Crisp.* After this, I 
accompanied the Duke to an East India vessel 
that lay at Blackwall, where we had entertainment 
of several curiosities. Amongst other spirituous 
drinks, as punch, etc., they gave us Canary that 
had been carried to and brought from the Indies, 
which was indeed incomparably good. I returned 
to London with his Hi^ness. This night was 
acted before his Majesty The Widows a lewd play.' 

1 [Dr. Bruno Ryves, 1596-1677, Dean of Windsor, 1660-77, 
Chaplain in Ordinary to Charles II. He had published in l642 
the Royalist Mercurius RusHcut,] 

« [See ante, p. 105.] 

^ [A Comedy by Ben Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton. Pepys 
saw it in January, l66l.] 



184 THE DIARY OF im2 

18th January. I came home to be private a 
little, not at all affecting the life and tiuny of 
Court 

24tth. His Majesty entertained me with his 
intentions of building his Palace of Greenwich, 
and quite demolishing the old one; on which I 
declaral my thoughts. 

25th. I dined with the Trinity -Company at 
their house, that Corporation be^ by'^Lter 
fixed at Deptford. 

8rd February. I went to Chelsea, to see Sir 
Arthur Gorges* house.^ 

11th. I saw a comedy acted before the Duchess 
of York at the Cockpit The King was not at it 

Ylth. I went with my Lord of Bristol to see 
his house at Wimbledon,^ newly bought of the 
Queen-Mother, to help contriye the garden after 
the modem. It is a delicious place for prospect 
and the tiiickets, but the soil cold and weeping 
clay. Returned that eyening with Sir Henry 
Bennet 

This night was buried in Westminster- Abbey 
the Queen of Bohemia,^ after all her sorrows and 
afflictions being come to die in the arms of her 
nephew, the King: also this n^ht and the next 
day fell such a storm of hail, thunder, and light- 

^ [Beaufort House, Chelsea (see pott, under 3rd September, 
168S.J 

' Lord Bristol (see ante^ p. 176) bought Wimbledon House 
of Henrietta Maria in l66l. It was eventually purchased by 
Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, who erected a new building, 
which was burned down in . 1785. The property afterwuidis 
passed to the Spencer family, who substituted a smaller house 
designed by Henry Holland. There are two scarce and curious 
views of the old house, engraved by Winstanley, and dated 
1678. 

' Elizabeth, Electress Palatine, daughter of James I., the 
unfortunate ''Queen of Hearts>" many of whose letters are 
included in the correspondence of Evelyn. She died at 
LfCicester House, Lieicester Fields. (See anU, vol. L p. 29.) 



1M2 JOHN EVELYN 185 

ning, as never was seen the like in any man's 
memory, especially the tempest of wind, being 
south-west, which subverted, besides huge trees, 
many houses, innumerable chimneys (amongst 
others that of my parlour at Sayes Court), and 
made such havoc at land and sea, that several 
perished on both. Divers lamentable fires were 
also kindled at this time; so exceedingly was 
God's hand against this ungrateAil and vicious 
nation and Court 

20th February. I returned home to repair my 
house, miserably shattered by the late tempest 

24/A MarcJu I returned home with my whole 
family, which had been most part of the winter, 
since October, at London, in lodgings near the 
Abbey of Westminster. 

Qth ApriL Being of the Vestry, in the after- 
noon we ordered that the communion-table should 
be set (as usual) altar-wise, with a decent rail in 
front, as before tlie Rebellion. 

17th. The young Marquis of Argyll,^ whose 
turbulent father was executed in Scotland, came 
to see my garden. He seemed a man of parts. 

7th May. I waited on Prince Rupert to our 
Assembly, where were tried several experiments 
in Mr. Boyle's vacuum. A man thrusting in his 
arm, upon exhaustion of the air, had his flesh 
immediately swelled so as the blood was near 
bursting the veins : he drawing it out, we found it 
all speckled. 

14th. To London, being chosen one of the 
Commissioners for reforming the buildings, ways, 

^ Archibald Campbell, ninth Earl, d, l685, who, notwith- 
standing his &ther*s attidnder, which forfeited the marquisate, 
was pennitted to inherit the ancient Earldom of his family. 
Evelyn seems at once to have discovered him in this interview to 
be ''a man of parts." And he greatly deplored his subseqaent 
execution for treason (see Macaulay's History of England, 1866, 
voL L ch. v.). 



186 THE DIARY OF I662 

streets, and incumbrances, and regulating the 
hackney coaches in the City of London, taking 
my oath before my Lord Chancellor, and then 
went to his Majesty's Surveyors Office, in 
Scotland -Yard, about naming and establishing 
officers, adjourning till the 16th, when I went to 
view how St. Martin's Lane ni^ht be made more 
passable into the Strand. There were divers 
gentlemen of quality in this commission. 

25th May. \ w^t this evening to London, in 
order to our journey to Hampton Court, to see the 
new Queen, who, having landed at Portsmouth, had 
been married to the King a week before by the 
Bishop of London.^ 

90th. The Queen arrived with a train of 
Portuguese ladies in their monstrous fardingales, 
or guard-infiantes,^ their complexions olivader* and 
sufficiently unagreeable. Her Majesty in the same 
habit, her fore -top long and turned aside very 
strangely.^ She was yet of the handsomest 
countenance of all the rest, and, though low of 
stature, prettily shaped, languishing and excellent 
eyes, her teeth wronging her mouth by sticking a 
little too fer out ; for the rest, lovely enough. 

^ [The Queen arrived at Portsmouth on 13th May. The 
King joined her there on the 20th. They were married privately 
next day, according to the rites of the Romish Church, by her 
Ahnoner, Stuart d'Aubigny, in the presence of Philip Howard 
and others. The Bishop of London (Sheldon) afterwards pro- 
nounced them man and wife.] 

^ [See note from Lassels, vol. i p. 134.1 

* ^^Olivader" is a dark olive complexion. Grammont is 
very uncomplimentary to these poor ladies. He styles them 
** six frights, who called themselves maids of honour, and a 
duenna, another monster, who took the title of governess to 
these extraordinary beauties " {Memoirs^ ch. vi.). 

^ [Which made King Charles say they had brought him " a 
hat instead of a woman." But he thought her eyes '^ excellent 
good." " She hath as much agreeableness in her looks as ever I 
saw," he wrote, '^ and if I have any skill in physiognomy, which 
I think I have, she must be as good a woman as ever was bom."] 



«3 

in 

X) 

■e 

n 
e 
d 
e 

f 



.g,,.,,, c:.„i„„,., ./.(?,„. 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 187 

81^ May. I saw the Queen at dinner; the 
Judges came to compliment her arrival, and, after 
them, the Duke of Ormonde brought me to kiss 
her hand. 

2nd June. The Lord Mayor and Aldermen 
made their addresses to the Queen, presenting her 
£1000 in gold. Now saw I her Portuguese ladies, 
and the Guarda-damas, or Mother of her Maids,^ 
and the old knight, a lock of whose hair quite 
covered the rest of his bald pate, bound on by a 
thread, very oddly. I saw the rich gondola sent 
to his Majesty from the State of Venice ; but it 
was not comparable for swiftness to our common 
wherries, though managed by Venetians. 

Uh. Went to visit the Earl of Bristol, at 
Wimbledon.* 

%tli. I saw her Majesty at supper privately in 
her bedchamber.* 

9th. I heard the Queen s Portugal music, con- 
sisting of pipes, harps, and very ill voices. 

Hampton Court is as noble and uniform a pile, 
and as capacious as any Gothic architecture can 
have made it. There is an incomparable furniture 
in it, especially hangings designed by Raphael, 
very rich with gold; also many rare pictures, 
jcially the Csesarean Triumphs of Andrea 
Tantegna, formerly the Duke of Mantua's; of 
the tapestries, I believe the world can show 
nothing nobler of the kind than the stories of 

^ The Maids of Honour had a Mother at least as early as 
the reign of Elizabeth. The office is supposed to have been 
abolished about the period of the Revolution of 1688. 

« [See ante, p. 176J 

' [At Hampton Court (see ante, p. S\ which had been 
remodelled and refurnished by Charles II. (see also poH, under 
23rd August). Before the Restoration it had been occupied by 
Cromwell {anUy p. 11 5 n.). In November, 1 657, his daughter Mary 
had been married there to Thomas Belasyse, Lord Fauconberg ; 
and at Hampton Court (6th August, 1658), four weeks before 
his own death, died his favourite daughter, Elizabeth Claypole.] 



^S^ffsm^B^mmamm^m^mm^mmmt^i^mf^mmmm 



188 THE DIARY OF im2 

Abraham and Tobit. The gallery of horns is 
very particular for the vast beams of stags» elks, 
antelopes, etc. The Queen^s bed was an em- 
broidery of silver on crimson velvet, and cost 
£8000, being a present made by the States of 
Holland when his Majesty retmned, and had 
formerly been given by them to our King's sister, 
the Princess of Orange, and, being bought of her 
again, was now presented to the lung. The great 
looking-glass and toilet, of beaten and massive 
gold, was given by the Queen -Mother. The 
Queen brought over with her from Portugal such 
Indian cabinets as had never before been seen here. 
The great hall is a most magnificent room. The 
chapel -roof excellently fretted and gilt. I was 
also curious to visit the wardrobe and tents, and 
other furniture of state. The park, formerly a flat 
and naked piece of ground, now pluited with sweet 
rows of lime trees ; and the canal for water now 
near perfected ; also the hare-park. In the garden 
is a rich and noble fountain, with Sirens, statues, 
etc., cast in copper, by Fanelli ; but no plenty of 
water. The cradle-work of hornbeam in the 
garden is, for the perplexed twming of the trees, 
very observable. There is a parterre which they 
call Paradise, in which is a pretty banqueting- 
house set over a cave, or cellar. All these gardens 
might be exceedingly improved, as being too narrow 
for such a palace. 

10th June. I returned to London, and presented 
my History of Chalcography (dedicated to Mr. 
Boyle) to our Society.^ 

19th. I went to Albury, to visit Mr. Henry 

^ [Sculptura : or the History, and Art of Chalcography and En^ 
graving in Copper ... TV) whicn is annexed a new Manner of Engrav- 
tng, or Mezzo Tinto, communicated hy his Highness Prince Rupert 
to the Authour of this Treatise, London : 1662. See ante, p. 158, 
and Miscellaneous Writings, 1825, pp. 248-336.] 



SCULPTURA: 

OR THE 

HISTORY, and ART 



CHALCOGRAPHY 

AND 

Engraving in Copper. 

WITH 

An ample enumeration of the moft re- 
nowned Matters, and thdr Works. 
To which is annexed 
A new imnnn of Ennaving, or Mcz,a TiKi, 
communicated by his Highncfs tr'me RMat 
to the Auihout of this Tteatiic. 



, , «x«"- EXOD. xixv. 

&• ScieKtig in gmtii Opere, &c. 

LONDON, 
Vt'iriKd by J. c. forC. Btejle, and r. CoSixt, at the Middle- 
Temple Oate,and^.Ctoot'n St. PaHlt Church-yard.1663. 



1W2 JOHN EVELYN 189 

Howard,^ soon after he had procured the Dukedom 
to be restored. This gentleman had now com- 
pounded a debt of £200,000, contracted by his 
grandfather.' I was much obliged to that great 
virtuoso, and to this young gentleman, with whom 
I stayed a fortnight 

2nd July. We hunted and killed a buck in the 
park, Mr. Howard inviting most of the gentlemen 
of the country near him. 

8rd. My wife met me at Woodcote, whither 
Mr. Howard accompanied me to see my son John, 
who had been much brought up amongst Mr. 
Howard's children at Arundel House, till, for fear 
of their perverting him in the Catholic religion, I 
was forced to take him home. 

8th. To London, to take leave of the Duke and 
Duchess of Ormonde, going then into Ireland with 
an extraordinary retinue. 

IStk. Spent some time with the Lord Chancellor, 
where I had discourse with my Lord Willoughby, 
Governor of Barbadoes,® concerning divers par- 
ticulars of that colony. 

28tk. His Majesty going to sea to meet the 
Queen-Mother, now coming again for England,^ 
met with such ill weather as greatly endangered 
him. I went to. Greenwich, to wait on the Queen, 
now landed. 

80th. To London, where was a meeting about 
Charitable Uses, and particularly to inquu-e how 
the City had disposed of the revenues of Gresham 
Collie, and why the salaries of the professors 
there were no better improved. I was on this 
commission, with divers Bishops and Lords of the 
Council; but little was the progress we could 
make. 

81^^. I sat with the Commissioners about 

1 [See ante, vol. i. p. 312.] * [See ante, vol. i. pp. 22, 307.1 

> [See ante, p. 133.] « [She had left Paris, 25th July.] 



190 THE DIARY OF lees 

reforming buildings and streets of London, and we 
ordered the paving of the way from St James's 
North, whicf was^ a quagmir^ and also of the 
Haymarket about Piccadilly/ and agreed upon 
instructions to be printed and published for the 
better keeping the streets clean. 

1^ August. Mr. H. Howard, his brothers 
Charles, Edward, Bernard, Philip,^ now the 
Queen's Almoner (all brothers of the Duke of 
Norfolk, still in Italy), came with a great train, 
and dined with me ; Mr. H. Howard leaving with 
me his eldest and youngest sons, Henry and 
Thomas, for three or four days, my son, John, 
having been sometime bred up in their father's 
house.' 

Uh. Came to see me the old Countess of Devon- 
shire,* with that excellent and worthy person, my 
Lord her son, from Roehampton. 

bth. To London, and next day to Hampton 
Court, about my purchase, and took leave of Sir 
R. Fanshawe,^ now going Ambassador to Portugal. 

\%th. Our Charter being now passed under the 
broad Seal, constituting us a corporation under the 
name of the Royal Society for the improvement 
of natural knowledge by experiment, was this day 
read, and was all that was done this afternoon, 
being very large. 

\\th. I sat on the commission for Charitable 
Uses, the Lord Mayor and others of the Mercers' 
Company being summoned, to answer some com- 

1 [Which Evelyn spells " Piqudillo."] 

^ Since Cardinal at Rome. — Evelyns Note, (See aniey vol. L 
p. 317.) • [See atUe, p. 189.] 

^ Christiana Cavendish^ Countess of Devonshire, d. 1675, an 
ardent Royalist and patron of the wits. She was the widow of 
William Cavendish^ second Earl of Devonshire. Charles II. 
frequently visited her with the Queen-Mother and the Royal 
Family. There is a life of her by Thomas Pomfret, 1685. 

^ [See ante, p. 51. He was Ambassador to Portugal^ 1662-63.] 



•] 



Culu^m-d . /(i^^ . lifTf^ Clnrt, of CUat 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 191 

plaints of the Professors, grounded on a clause in 
the will of Sir Thomas Gresham, the founder. 

This afternoon, the Queen-Mother, with the 
Earl of St. Albans^ and many great ladies and 

Eersons, was pleased to honour my poor villa with 
er presence, and to accept of a collation. She 
was exceedingly pleased, and staid till very late in 
the evening. 

15th August Came my Lord Chancellor (the 
Earl of Clarendon) and his lady, his purse and mace 
borne before him, to visit me. They were likewise 
coUationed with us, and were very merry. They 
had all been our old acquaintance in exile, and 
indeed this great person had ever been my friend. 
His son. Lord Combury,* was here, too. 

17th. Being the Sunday when the Common 
Prayer -Book, reformed and ordered to be used 
for the future, was appointed to be read, and the 
solemn League ana Covenant to be abjured 
by all the incumbents of England under penalty 
of losing their livings;^ our vicar read it this 
morning. 

20th. There were strong guards in the city this 
day, apprehending some tumults, many of the 
Presbyterian ministers not conforming. I dined 
with the Vice-Chamberlain, and then went to see 
the Queen-Mother, who was pleased to give me 
many thanks for the entertainment she received 
at my house, when she recounted to me many 
observable stories of the sagacity of some dogs she 
formerly had. 

21st. I was admitted and then sworn one of the 
Council of the Royal Society, being nominated in 

1 [See ante, p. 149.] 

2 [Henry Hyde, Lord Combury, 16S8-1709, afterwards second 
Earl of Clarendon (see post, under I7th October, l664).] 

' [A great many of them resigned their livings in conse- 
quence.] 



192 THE DIARY OF im 

his Majesty's original grant to be of this Council 
for the regulation of the Society, and making laws 
and statutes conducible to its establishment and 
progress, for which we now set apart every 
Wednesday morning till they were all finished.^ 
Lord Viscount Brouncker ' (that excellent mathe- 
matician) was also by his Majesty, our founder, 
nominated our first President. The King gave us 
the arms of England to be borne in a canton in 
our arms, and sent us a mace of silver gilt, of the 
same fashion and bigness as those carried before 
his Majesty, to be borne before our president on 
meeting days. It was brought by Sir Gilbert 
Talbot, Master of his Majesty's Jewel-house. 

22nd AtiguM. I dined with my Lord Brouncker 
and Sir Robert Murray, and then went to consult 
about a new-modelled ship at Lambeth, the in- 
tention being to reduce that art to as certain a 
method as any other part of architecture. 

28rcL I was spectator of the most magnificent 
triumph that ever floated on the Thames,' con- 
sidering the innumerable boats and vessels, dressed 
and adorned with all imagmable pomp, but, above 
all, the thrones, arches, pageants, and other repre- 
sentations, stately barges of the Lord Mayor and 
Companies, with vanous inventions, music and 
peals of ordnance both from the vessels and the 
shore, going to meet and conduct the new Queen 

1 [See ante, pp. 157, 172, 190. The Society's full title was 
** The President, G>imcil, and Fellows of the Royal Society of 
London, for and improving of natural Knowledge." In 1667 
Thomas Sprat, afterwards Bishop of Rochester, and one of the 
original Fellows, wrote its history, which included an Ode by 
Cowley. Henry Oldenburg, 1615-77, was the first Secretary.] 

3 [See anie, p. l68.] 

^ An account of tms solemnity was published in Aqua Trium^ 
phaUs : being a true relation of the honourable the City of London 
enteritdmng their sacred Majesties upon the river of Thames, and 
welcoming them from Hampton Court to Whitehall, etc. Engraved 
by John Tatham, Gent, folio, l662. 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 198 

from Hampton Court to Whitehall, at the first 
tune of her coming to town. In my opinion, it 
far exceeded all the Venetian Bucentoras, etc., 
on the Ascension, when they go to espouse the 
Adriatic.^ His Majesty and the Queen came in 
an antique -shaped open vessel, covered with a 
state, or canopy, of cloth of gold, made in form of 
a cupola, supported with high Corinthian pillars, 
wreathed with flowers, festoons and garlands. I 
was in our new-built vessel, sailing amongst 
them. 

29tk AtigiLst The Council and Fellows of the 
Royal Society went in a body to Whitehall, to 
aclmowledge his Majesty's royal grace in granting 
our Charter, and vouchsafing to be himself our 
Founder ; when the President made an eloquent 
speech, to which his Majesty gave a gracious 
reply, and we all kissed his hand. Next day, 
we went in like manner with our address to my 
Lord Chancellor, who had much promoted our 
patent : he received us with extraordinary favour. 
In the evening, I went to the Queen-Mother*s 
Court, and had much discourse with her. 

1*/ September. Being invited by Lord Berkeley, 
I went to Durdans,^ where dined his Majesty, the 
Queen, Duke, Duchess, Prince Rupert, Prince 
Edward, and abundance of noblemen. I went, 
after dinner, to visit my brother of Woodcote,' 
my sister having been delivered of a son a little 
brfore, but who had now been two days dead. 

4ith. Commission for Charitable Uses, my Lord 
Mayor and Aldermen being again summoned, and 
the improvements of Sir Thomas Gresham's estate 
examined. There were present the Bishop of 
London, the Lord Chief Justice, and the King^s 
Attorney. 

1 [See ante, vol i. p. 287.] * [See ante, p. 134.] 

^ [At Epsom.] 

VOL. II O 



194 THE DIARY OF 1662 

Qth September. Dined with mt Sir Edward 
Walker, Garter King - at - Arms,^ Mr. Slingsby, 
Master of the Mint,^ and several others. 

YJtk. We now resolved that the Arms of 
the Society should be a field Argent, with a 
canton of the arms of England; the supporters 
two talbots Argent: crest, an eagle Or holding 
a shield with the like arms of England, viz. three 
lions. The words NulUus in verba} It was pre- 
sented to his Majesty for his approbation, and 
orders given to Garter King-at-Arms to pass the 
diploma of their office for it 

20M. I presented a petition to his Majesty about 
my own concerns, and afterwards accompanied him 
to Monsieur Lefevre, his chemist (and who had 
formerly been my master in Paris),* to see his 
accurate preparation for the composing Sir Walter 
Raleigh's rare cordial: he made a learned dis- 
course before his Majesty in French on each 
ingredient. 

Vlih. Came to visit me Sir George SavUe,* 
grandson to the learned Sir Henry Savile, who 
published St. Chrysostom.^ Sir George was a witty 
gentleman, if not a little too prompt and daring. 

Srd October. I was invited to the College of 
Physicians, where Dr. Merret,^ a learned man and 
library-keeper, showed me the library, theatre for 
anatomy, and divers natural curiosities ; the statue 
and epigram under it of that renowned physician. 
Dr. Harvey, discoverer of the circulation of the 
blood. There I saw Dr. GUbert, Su- William 

* rSee/»*<, under 18th August, 1673.1 
2 |See poH, under 27th August^ 1666.J 

8 [Horace, Ep. L 1. 14.] * [See ante, p. 1.] 

^ Afterwwls the celebrated Marquis of Halifax, l6SS-9^* 

• [Sir Henry Savile, 1549-1622. His Ckiysastom was published 
1610-13.] 

7 Christopher Merret, 1614-95, a celebrated physician and 
naturalist, and fellow of the Royal Society. 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 195 

Paddy's and other pictures of men famous in their 
faculty. 

Visited Mr. Wright,^ a Scotchman, who had 
lived long at Rome, and was esteemed a good 
painter. The pictures of the Judges at Guildhall 
are of his hand, and so are some pieces in White- 
hall, as the roof in his Majesty's old bedchamber, 
being Astrsea, the St. Catherine, and a chimney- 
piece in the Queen's privy chamber ; but his best, 
m my opinion, is Lacy, the famous Roscius or 
comedian, whom he has painted in three dresses, 
as a gallant, a Presbyterian minister, and a Scotch 
highlander in his plaid.' It is in his Majesty's 
dining-room at Windsor. He had at his house 
an excellent collection, especially that small piece 
of Corr^gio, Sdotus of de la Marca, a design of 
Paolo; and, above all, those ruins of Polydore, 
with some good abates and medals, especially a 
Scipio, and a Csesar s head of gold. 

IStk October. I this day delivered my Discourse 
concerning Forest- Trees to the Society,' upon 
occasion of certain queries sent to us by the 
Commissioners of his Majesty's Navy, being the 
first book that was printed by order of the 

1 [See ante, p. 137.] 

' A private etching firam this picture was made in 1825 by 
William Hopkins, one of the G>urt pages. John Lacy, d. I68I, 
is represented in his three principal characters, namely, Teague, 
in The Committee \ Scruple, in The Cheats \ and Galliard, in The 
Variety, He belonged to Killigrew's company, and was the 
original actor of ^^ Bayes " of Buckingham's Rehearsal, 1671. 

' \Sylva, or a Diicowrse of Forest-Trees, and the PropagatUm of 
Timber m His Majesties Dominions. By J. E,, Esq.; As it was 
Delivered in the Royal Society the XVth of October, CIDIOCLXIL, 
upon Occasion of certain Quasries propounded to that Illustrious As- 
semhly, by the Honourable the Principal Ojfficers, and Commissioners 
of the Novy. To which is annexed Pomona ; or, an Appendix concern- 
ing FruU'Trees in relation to Gder, the Making ana several ways of 
Ordering it. Published by express Order of the Royal Society, Also 
Kalendarium Hortense ; or, Gardiner's Almanac ; directing what he 
is to do Monethly during the Year, London, l664.] 



196 THE DIARY OF iw2 

Society, and by their printer, since it was a 
Corporation. 

16tk October. I saw Volpone^ acted at Court 
before their Majesties. 

21^^. To the Queen-Mother*s Court, where her 
Majesty related to us divers passages of her escapes 
during the Rebellion and wars in England. 

2Sth. To Court in the evening, where the 
Queen - Mother, the Queen - Consort, and his 
Majesty, being advertised of some disturbance, 
forbore to go to the Lord Mayor's show and feast 
appointed next day, the new Queen not having 
yet se^i that triumph. 

2Qth. Was my Lord Mayor's Show,* with a 
number of sumptuous pageants, speeches, and 
verses. I was standing in a house in Cheapside 
against the place prepared for their Majesties. 
The Prince and heir of Denmark was there, but 
not our King. There were also the maids of 
honour. I went to Court this evening, and had 
much discourse with Dr. Basire,^ one of his 
Majesty's chaplains, the great traveller, who showed 
me the syngraphs and origmal subscriptions of 
divers eastern patriarchs and Asian churches to our 
confession. 

4dh November. I was invited to the wedding of 
the daughter of Sir George Carteret * (the Treasurer 
of the Navy and King's Vice-Chamberlain), married 
to Sir Nicholas Slaning, Knight of the Bath, by 
the Bishop of London, in the Savoy chapel ; after 
which was an extraordinary feast 

StL The Council of the Royal Society met to 

^ [VolptMe; or, the Fox, bj Ben Jonson, l605. Pepys saw this 
at the King's House on the 14th January, 1665.] 

' Sir John Robinson, Knt and Bart, Qothworker. The 



ae as in the precedj 
charge of the Qo 



woricers' Company. 

> Basire (see maU, p. 177> « [See anie, p. 15.] 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 197 

amend the Statutes, and dined together : afterwards 
meeting at Gresham CoUege, where was a discourse 
suggested by me, concerning planting his Majesty's 
Forest of Dean with oak, now so much exhausted 
of the choicest ship-timber in the world. 

20tk November. Dined with the Comptroller, 
Sir Huffh Pollard;* afterwards, saw The Ywmg 
Adminu^ acted before the King. 

21st. Spent the evening at Court, Sir Eenelm 
Digby giving me great thanks for my Syhcu^ 

27th. Went to London to see the entrance of 
the Russian Ambassador, whom his Minesty ordered 
to be received with much state, the Emperor not 
only having been kind to his Majesty in his distress, 
but banishing all commerce with our nation during 
the Rebellion. 

First, the City Companies and trained Bands 
were aU in their stations : his Majesty's Army and 
Guards in great order. His Excellency came in a 
very rich coach, with some of his chief attendants ; 
many of the r^ on horseback, clad in their vests, 
after the Eastern manner, rich furs, caps, and 
carrvmg the presents, some carrying hawks, furs, 
teeth, bows, etc It was a very magnificent 
show. 

I dined with the Master of the Mint,^ where 
was old Sir Ralph Freeman ; ^ passing my evening 
at the Queen-Mother's Court ; at night, saw acted 
The Committee^ a ridiculous play of Sir R. Howard, 
where the mimic, Lacy, acted the Irish footman^ 
to admiration. 

^ [Sir Hugh Pollard, d, 1666 (see ftoH, under 27th November, 
1666)9 Comptroller of the King's Household.] 

' A Tragi-Comedy by James Shirley. 

» [See anU, p. 195.] 

^ Mr. Slinffsby (see ante, p. 194). 

^ Of Betchworth, in Surrey. Query, — Sir Ralph Freeman, 
the dramatist. 

^ [Teague (see anU, p. 195 ».).] 



198 THE DIARY OF 1662 

80^ November. St. Andrew*s day. Invited by 
the Dean of Westminster^ to his consecration- 
dinner and ceremony, on his being made Bishop of 
Worcester. Dr. Bolton preached in the Abbey 
Church; then followed the consecration by the 
Bishops of London, Chichester, Winchester, Salis- 
bury, etc After this, was one of the most plentiful 
and magnificent dinners that in my life I ever saw ; 
it cost near £600 as I was informed. Here were 
the Judges, nobility, clergy, and gentlemen innumer- 
able, this Bishop being universally beloved for his 
sweet and gentle disposition. He was author of 
those Characters which go under the name of 
Blount' He translated his late Majesty's Icon 
into Latin," was Clerk of his Closet, Chaplain, 
Dean of Westminster, and yet a most humble, 
meek, and cheerftd man, an excellent scholar, and 
rare preacher. I had the honour to be loved by 
him. He married me at Paris, during his Majesty s 
and the Church's exile.* When I took leave of 
him, he brought me to the cloisters in his episcopal 
habit I then went to prayers at Whitehall, where 
I passed that evening. 

1^ DeceTnber. Having seen the strange and 
wonderful dexterity of the sliders on the new 
canal in St James's Park, performed before their 
Majesties by divers gentlemen and others with 
skates, after the manner of the Hollanders,^ with 
what swiftness they pass, how suddenly they stop 
in full career upon the ice ; I went home by water, 
but not without exceeding difficulty, the Thames 

1 Dr. John Earle (see antey p. 2). 

* {JS^cro-cosmograpkUi or, A Peece of the World Discovered ; In 
Essa^es and Charaders. London, Printed by WiUiam Stansby for 
Edward Blount, l628.] 

< [Published in l649.] ^ [See ante, p. 2.] 

^ {Blade skates were now first introduced firom Holland, where 
the Cavaliers in exile with Charles II. had learned to use them. 
Pepjs mentions them under 1st and 8th December, l662.] 



1662 JOHN EVELYN 199 

being frozen, great flakes of ice encompassing our 
boat. 

nth December. I saw acted before the King, The 
Law against Lovers} 

21st One of his Majesty's chaplains preached ; 
after which, instead of the ancient, grave, and solemn 
wind -music accompanying the organ, was intro- 
duced a concert of twenty-four violins between 
every pause, after the French fantastical light way, 
better suiting a tavern, or playhouse, than a church. 
This was the first time of change, and now we no 
more heard the cornet which gave life to the organ ; 
that instrument quite left off in which the English 
were so skilful I dined at Mr. Povey's,* where I 
talked with Cromer, a great musician* 

28r(i I went with Sir George Tuke,® to hear the 
comedians con and repeat his new comedy. The 
Adventures of Five Stours^ a play whose plot was 
taken out of Uie fisunous Spanish poet, Calderon. 

Vlth. I visited Sir Theophilus Biddulph.* 

29th. Saw the audience of the Muscovy 
Ambassador, which was with extraordinary state, 
his retinue being numerous, all clad in vests of 
iseveral colours, with buskins, after the Eastern 
manner 1 their caps of fur ; tunics, richly embroid- 
ered with gold and pearls, made a glorious show. 
The King being seated under a canopy in the 
Banqueting-house, the Secretary of the Embassy 
went before the Ambassador in a grave march, 
holding up his master's letters of credence in a 

^ By Sir William Davenant, a hotch-pot out of Measure for 
Measure and Much Ado about Nothing. Fepys had seen it in 
February, l662. 

s [Thomas Povey, 1633-85, a Master of Requests from l662 
to accession of James II. — " a nice contriver of all elegancies and 
exceedingly formal " (see post, under 6th August, 1666).] 

* [Sir Samuel Tuke (see tmie, pp. 17, 147, and 152. George 
Tuke was his elder brother).] 

^ [Of Westcombe, Kent. He became a baronet in l664, when 
he was M.P. for Lichfield.] 



200 THE DIARY OF laea 

crimson taffeta scarf before his forehead. The 
Ambassador then delivered it with a profound 
reverence to the King, who gave it to our Secretary 
of State : it was written in a long and lofty style. 
Then came in the presents, borne by 165 of his 
retinue, consisting of mantles and other large pieces 
lined with sable, black fox, and ermine; Persian 
carpets, the ground cloth of gold and velvet ; hawks, 
sucn as they said never came the like ; horses said 
to be Persian ; bows and arrows, etc These borne 
by so long a train rendered it very extraordinary. 
Wind-music played aU the while in the galleries 
above. This finished, the Ambassador was conveyed 
by the master of the ceremonies to York-House, 
where he was treated with a banquet which cost 
£200 as I was assured.^ 

1662-8 : 1th January. At night, I saw the ball 
in which his Majesty danced with several great 
ladies. 

%th. I went to see my kinsman. Sir George 
Tuke's* comedy acted at the Duke's theatre, 
which took so universally, that it was acted for 

^ '^ The Czar of Muscovy sent an Ambassador to compliment 
King Charles II. on his Restoration. The King sent the Earl of 
Carlisle [see aniey p. I70l^ as his Ambassador to Moscow, to desire 
the re -establishment ot the ancient privileges of the English 
merchants at Archangel^ which had been taken awaj bj the Csar, 
who, abhorring the murder of the King's father, accused them 
as favourers of it. But, by the means of the Czar's ministers, 
his Lordship was very ill received, and met with what he deemed 
affironts, and had no success as to his demands, so that at coming 
away he refused the presents sent him by the Czar. The Czar 
sent an Ambassador to England to complain of Lord Carlisle's 
conduct ; but his Lordship vindicated himself so well^ that the 
King told the Ambassador he saw no reason to condemn his 
Lordship's conduct" (Relation of the Embassy by G. M., 
authenticated by Lord CarHsle, printed l669)- 

^ [Sir Samuel Tuke (see mde^ p. 199)- Pepys was also present 
on this occasion. He too praises the plot, and the absence of 
ribaldry. Both Betterton and his wife took part in the per- 
formance, and the piece ran for thirteen nights without a break.] 



1M8 JOHN EVELYN 201 

some weeks every day, and it was believed it would 
be worth to the comedians £400 or £500. The 
plot was incomparable; but the language stiflf and 
formal. 

10th January. I saw a ball a^in at Court, 
danced by the King, the Duke, and ladies, in great 
pomp. 

21^. Dined at Mr. Treasurer's of the Household, 
Sir Charles Berkeley's, where were the Earl of 
Oxford,^ Lord Belasyse,' Lord Gerard,' Sir Andrew 
Scrope, Sir William Coventry,* Dr. Praizer,* Mr. 
Windham, and others. 

5M February. I saw The Wild Gallant, a 
comedy ; * and was at the great ball at Court, where 
his Majesty, the Queen, etc, danced. 

^th. Dined at my Lord Mayor's, Sir John 
Robinson,^ Lieutenant of the Tower. 

\5ilh. This ni^ht some villains brake into my 
house and study below, and robbed me to the value 
of £60 in plate, money, and goods ; — ^this being the 
third time I have been thus plundered. 

26M March. I sat at the Commission of Sewers, 
where was a great case pleaded by his Majesty's 
counsel ; he having built a wall over a water-course^ 

^ Aubrey de Vere, twentieth and last Earl, 1626-170S. He 
had served as a military officer^ both at home and abroad ; and 
his services were rewarded at the Restoration by a seat at the 
Pdvy Coondl^ the dignity of Knight of the Garter^ and the 
appointment of Lord-Lieutenant of Essex. He left an only 
daughter^ married to the Duke of St. Albans. 

' [John Belasyse, Baron Belasyse, 1 6 1 4-89> afterwards Governor 
of Tangier.] 

* [See wnU^ p. 38.1 

* 'See flute, p. 18. J 

^ 'Dr. Alexander Fraizer^ l6lO?-81, physician to Qiarles IL 
He was knighted soon after the Restoration. Pepys refers to 
him more than once.] 

* By Diyden. It was unsuccessful on the first representation 
in this year, but was subsequently altered to the form in which 
it now appears. 

^ [See ojrftf, p. 111.] 



202 THE DIARY OF im 

denied the jurisdiction of the Court The verdict 
went for the plaintiff.^ 

80th AprtL Came his Majesty to honour my 
poor villa with his presence, viewing the gardens 
and even every room of the house, and was pleased 
to take a smaU refreshment There were with him 
the Duke of Richmond,^ Earl of St Albans/ Lord 
Lauderdale/ and several persons of quality. 

lUh May. Dined with my Lord Mordaunt,^ and 
thence went to Barnes, to visit my excellent and 
ingenious friend, Abraham Cowley/ 

nth. I saluted the old Bishop of Durham, Dr 
Cosin,^ to whom I had been kind, and assisted in 
his exile; but which he little remembered in his 
greatness. 

2Qth. Dr. Creighton preached his extravagant 
sermon at St Margarets, before the House of 
Commons.^ 

80^^. This mominfi; was passed my lease of Sayes 
Court from the Cro^ for the finishing of whicfa I 
had been obliged to make such frequent journeys 
to London. I returned this evening, having seen 
the Russian Ambassador take leave of their 
Majesties with great solemnity. 

2nd July. I saw the great Masque at Court, and 
lay that night at Arundel-house.^ 

4dh. I saw his Majesty's Guards, being of horse 
and foot 4000, led by the General, the Duke of 
Albemarle, m extraordinary equipage and gallantry, 

^ That is^ against the King. 

^ [Charles Stuart, third Duke of Richmond, 1640-72, after- 
wards imprisoned in the Tower.] 

[See anie, p. 149*1 

[John Maitland, first Duke of Lauderdale, 161&-82.] 

[See anUy p. 119*] 

[Abraham Cowley, l6l8-67. He retired to Bam Elms in 

for solitude, but left it in 1665 for Porch-house, Chertsey 
(see poHy p. 207). He had lived at Deptford.] 

^ tSee ante, p. 25.] ® [See ante, p. 17.] 

[See ante, p. 182.] 



8 

4 
6 
« 

166S 







1668 JOHN EVELYN 208 

consisting of gentlemen of quality and veteran 
soldiers, excellently clad, mounted, and ordered, 
drawn up in battalia before their Majesties in 
Hyde Park, where the old Earl of Cleveland trailed 
a pike,^ and led the right-hand file in a foot com- 
pany, commanded by the Lord Wentworth, his 
son ; ^ a worthy spectacle and example, being both 
of them old and valiant soldiers. This was to show 
the French Ambassador, Monsieur Cominges;* 
there being a great assembly of coaches, etc., in 
the park. 

1th July. Dined at the Comptroller's;* after 
dinner, we met at the Commission about the 
streets, and to regulate hackney-coaches, also to 
make up our accounts to pass the Exchequer. 

IQth. A most extraordinary wet and cold season. 

Sir George Carteret, Treasurer of the Naw,* 
had now married his daughter, CaroUne, to Sir 
Thomas Scott, of Scott's Hall, in Kent^ This 

fentleman was thought to be the son of Prince 
lupert. 
2nd August This evening, I accompanied Mr. 
Treasurer and Vice -Chamberlain Carteret to his 
lately married son-in-law's. Sir Thomas Scott, to 
Scott's-halL^ We took barge as far as Gravesend, 
and thence by post to Rochester, whence in coach 
and six horses to Scott's Hall ; a right noble seat, 
uniformly built, with a handsome gallery. It 
stands in a park well stored, the land fat and good. 

Thomas Wentworth, first Earl of Qeveland, 1591-1667.] 
[Thomas Wentworth, fifth Baron Wentworth, l6lS-65.] 
Gaston-Jean-Baptiste de Cominges, Seigneur of St. Fort, 
F16ac,and La R6ole, l6l3-70 ; Ambassador to England, 1662-65. 
He had come to this country 23rd December, l662 (see /km<, 
under 29th October, l664, and 20th June, l665).] 
* [Sir Hugh Polkrd (see ante, p. 197>] 
^ [See anU^ p. 15.] 

^ Whose ancestor led the Kentish forces at the Armada.] 
7 Scott's Hall, near Smeeth, has now disappeared, and the 
rite belongs to Lord Braboume.] 



2 
8 



204 THE DIARY OF i6S8 

We were exceedingly feasted by the young knight, 
and in his pretty chapel heard an excellent sermon 
by his chaplain. In the afternoon, preached the 
learned Sir Norton KnatchbuU (who has a noble 
seat hard by, and a plantation of stately fir trees ).^ 
In the church-yard of the parish church I measured 
an over-grown yew tree, that was eighteen of my 
paces in compass, out of some branches of which, 
torn off by the winds, were sawed divers goodly 
planks.' 

10th August. We returned by Sir Norton's, 
whose house is likewise in a park. This gentleman 
is a worthy person, and learned critic, especiaUy in 
Greek and Hebrew. Passing by Chatham, we saw 
his Majesty's Royal Navy, and dined at Commis- 
sioner Fett s,' master-builder there, who showed me 
his study and models, with other curiosities belong- 
ing to his art. He is esteemed for the most skilful 
ship-builder in the world. He hath a pretty garden 
and banqueting -house, pots, statues, cypresses^ 
resembling some villas about Rome. After a 
great feast we rode post to Gravesend, and, send- 
ing the coach to London, came by barge home 
that night. 

IS^A. To London, to see my Lord Chancellor, 
where I had discourse with my Lord Archbishop 
of Canterbury* and the Bishop of Winchester,* 
who enjoined me to write to Dr. Pierce, President 

1 [Sir Norton KnatchbuU, 1602-85, of Mersham Hatch. He 
wrote Anhnadvernones in Ldbras Novi Testamenti, 1 659*1 

' [It has long disappeared from Braboume churchyard. It 
was fifty-nine feet in circumference, and De CandoUe thought it 
3000 years old. Evelyn mentions it in his Stflva (Hunter's ed. 
1812, ii. 205).] 

» [Peter Pett, 1 610-70, son of Phmeas Pett, 1570-1647 (see 
ante, vol. i. p. 26). He was resident Commissioner of the Navy 
at Chatham from l648 to l667, succeeding his father. See 
poii, under 18th June, l667.] 



* [See ante, p. l65.] 



^See ante, p. 19.] 



1603 JOHN EVELYN 205 

of Magdalen College, Oxford, about a letter sent 
him by Dr. Gofie, a Romish Oratorian,^ concern- 
ing an answer to Dean Cressy's late book.* 

20th August. I dined at the Comptroller's [of 
the Household] with the Earl of Oxford * and Mr. 
Ashburnham;^ it was said it should be the last of the 
public diets, or tables, at Court, it being determined 
to put down the old hospitality, at which was great 
murmuring, considering his Majesty's vast revenue 
and the plenty of the nation. Hence, I went to 
sit in a Committee, to consider about the regulation 
of the Mint at the Tower ; in which some small 
progress was made. 

Vlth. Dined at Sir Philip Warwick's,* Secretary 
to my Lord Treasurer, who showed me the accounte 
and other private matters relating to the revenue. 
Thence, to the Commissioners of the Mint, par- 
ticularly about coinage, and bringing his Majesty's 
rate from fifteen to ten shillings for every pound 
weight of gold. 

81^^. I was invited to the translation of Dr. 
Sheldon, Bishop of London,^ from that see to 
Canterbury, the ceremony performed at Lambeth. 
First went his Grace's mace -bearer, steward, 
treasurer, comptroller, all in their gowns, and with 
white staves ; next, the Bishops in their habits, 
eight in number ; Dr. Sweate, Dean of the Arches, 
Dr. Exton, Judge of the Admiralty, Sir William 

1 rSee adty vol. i. p. 30.] 

' [Of Dr. Pierce (see anUy p. 116) Wood speaks very iin- 
fsivourablj in his FomH, He was engaged in many disputes both 
in his College and at Salisbury. Dean Cressy was bred in the 
Church of England, and appointed Canon of Windsor and Dean 
of Leighlin in IreWd, in the time of King Charles I., but the 
troubles of that time interposed to prevent his receiving benefit 
from either; he afterwards became a Roman CathoUc The 
bo<^ here referred to is Exomologetis or the motives of his 
conversion.] 



< [See ante, p. 21.] * [See paH, under 28th August, 1667.] 



[See ante, p. 150.] « [See tmU, p. 204.] 



206 THE DIARY OF im 

Merick, Judge of the Prerogative Court, with divers 
advocates in scarlet After divine service in the 
chapel, performed with music extraordinary. Dr. 
French and Dr. Stradling (his Grace's chaplains) 
said prayers. The Archbishop in a private room 
looking into the chapel, the Bishops who were 
Commissioners went up to a table placed before 
the altar, and sat round it in chairs. Then, Dr. 
Chaworth presented the commission under the 
broad seal to the Bishop of Winchester, and it was 
read by Dr. Sweate. After which, the Vicar- 
G^neral went to the vestry, and brought his Grace 
into the chapel, his other officers marching before. 
He being presented to the Commissioners, was 
seated in a great arm-chair at one end of the table, 
when the definitive sentence was read by the Bishop 
of Winchester, and subscribed by all the Bishops, 
and proclamation was three times made at tne 
chapd door, which was then set open for any to 
enter, and give their exceptions ; if any they had. 
This done, we all went to dinner in the great hall 
to a mighty feast. There were present all the 
nobility in town, the Lord Mayor of London, 
Sherifis, Duke of Albemarle, etc My Lord Arch- 
bishop did in particular most civilly welcome me. 
So goin^ to visit my Lady Needham, who lived at 
Lambeth,^ I went over to London. 

10th September. I dined with Mr. Treasurer of 
the Navy,* where, sitting by Mr. Secretary Morice, 
we had much discourse about books and authors, he 
being a learned man, and had a cood collection. 

24M October. Mr. Edward Phillips ' came to be 

* [See ante, p. 124.] * [Sir George Carteret.] 

8 toward Phillips, of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1630-96, son 
of Milton's onlj sister, Ann. He was afterwards tutor to Philip 
Herbert, later seventh Earl of Pembroke. From a letter of 
Evelyn to Wren in 1665, it appears that the salary of such a 
preceptor was £20 p. a. ^'and such other accommodations as 
shall be in no ways disagreeble to an ingenuous spirit." For this 



1M4 JOHN EVELYN 207 

my son's preceptor : this gentleman was nephew to 
Milton, who wrote against Salmasius's Defensio; 
but was not at all infected with his principles, 
though brought up by him,^ 

5th November. Dr. South,^ my Lord Chancellor's 
chaplain, preached at Westminster Abbey an 
excellent discourse concerning obedience to magis- 
trates, against the pontificians and sectaries. I 
afterwards dined at Sir Philip Warwick's,' where 
was much company. 

Qtk. To Court, to get Sh: John Evelyn of God- 
stone off from being Sheriff of Surrey.* 

80th. Was the first anniversary of our Society 
for the choice of new oflBcers, according to the 
tenor of our patent and institution. It being St 
Andrew's day, who was our patron, each fellow 
wore a St. Andrew's cross of ribbon on the crown of 
his hat After the election, we dined together, his 
Majesty sending us venison. 

16th December. To our Society, where Mr. P. 
Balle,' our Treasurer at the late election, presented 
the Society with an iron chest, having three locks, 
and in it £100 as a gift. 

IS^A. Dined with the gentlemen of his Majesty's 
bedchamber at WhitehaU. 

1668-4 : 2nd Janiuiry. To Bam Elms, to see 
Abraham Cowley after his sickness ;^ and returned 
that evening to London. 

he was to be ^^ a perfect Grecian/' and have some knowledge of 
mathematics.] 

1 The lives of Edward and John Phillips, nephews and pupils 
of the poet, were published in 1815, by William Godwin. 

s [The famous Dr. Robert South, 1634-I7l6, also at this date 
Public Orator at Oxford.] 

» [See ante^ p. 150.] 

^ In which he succeeded. 

« [Peter Balle, d. 1675, Doctor of Physic and Philosoi^y, 
Padua, 1660.] 

* [See anUf p. 20^. He had been '^ afflicted with a dangerous 
and lingering Fever"'\ 



208 THE DIARY OF im4 

Uh February. Dined at Sir Philip Warwick's ;^ 
thence, to Court, where I had discourse with the 
King ahout an invention of glass-grenades,^ and 
several other subiects. 

5th. I saw The Indian Queen acted, a tragedy 
well written,' so beautiful with rich scenes as the 
like had never been seen here, or haply (except 
rarely) elsewhere on a mercenary theatre. 

IQth. I presented my Sylva to the Society;* 
and next aay to his Majesty, to whom it was 
dedicated; also to the Lord Treasurer and the 
Lord Chancellor. 

24M. My Lord George Berkeley, of Durdans,^ 
and Sir Samuel Tuke,* came to visit me. We 
went on board Sir William Petty 's double-bottomed 
vessel,^ and so to London. 

2Qth. Dined with my Lord Chancellor; and 
thence to Court, where I had great thanks for 
my Sylva, and long discourse with the King of 
divers particulars. 

2nd March. Went to London to distribute some 
of my books amongst friends. 

4t/i. Came to dine with me the Earl of Lauder- 
dale, his Majesty's great favourite, and Secretary of 
Scotland ; the Earl of Teviot ; my Lord Viscount 
Brouncker, President of the Royal Society ; Dr. 
Wilkins, Dean of Ripon ; Sir Robert Murray,® and 
Mr. Hooke, Curator to the Society.^ 

This spring, I planted the Home-field and West- 

^ [See atUe, p. 150.] 

^ [Grenades of iron were invented in 1594 (see post, under 
Ist June, 16671] 

* By Sir Robert Howard and Diyden. 

^ [See ante, p. 195. It was published in this year.] 

» See ante, p. 134.1 • [See ante, p. 200.] 

7 See ante, p. 178.1 ® fSee ante, pp. 159 and l68.] 

* Dr. Robert Hooke, 1635-1703, professor of Geometry in 
Gresham College. He wrote several treatises on different branches 
of philosophy^ and entered into controversies with Hevelius^ and 
on Newton's Theory of Light and Colours. 



SYLVA. 

Ot A DISCOURSE Of 

FOREST-TREES, 

AND THE 

Propagation of Timber 

In His MAJESTIES Dominions. 

By J. E. Efqi 

Asit wa. Delivery in the R OTAL SOCIETT the xv'" of 
oS^cr, CUI^CLXILupon Ocofion of ceraio jfttriti 

PnjpiwnilMl 10 ihii IbifiTuni AffrmUy, by ihc HmnMi ih Priuijnt 
OtfifTf, and CoKMiJSnm tt ihe Uny. 

To which bannned 

p0j^OHj|^Ot,An jf/fM^x concerning Fnif-Trn'f in relation (oCJDEA^ 

The Uikjag ind feicnl mjri of Otia'ai it. 

PiUfM »; "(»'/■' Order ^ li. ROYAL SOCIETT. 

ALSO 

HALEKDAlLtVat HOUTBUSS-t Ot, Ctr^airt Almtmu i 

Dlrrfliiig >k» he ii lo do Mmklj ihroughoui (he 7r<r. 



N, Printed by V Jlf0«|n^and la.AMtS 
l<n, ind tR to be (oU It tbd( S£pp U Ac M in S 
HDCLXIV, 



r THE Title-Paoe of "Svlva, 



1M4 JOHN EVELYN 209 

field about Sayes Court with elms, being the same 
year that the eUns were planted by his Majesty in 
Greenwich Park. 

9th March. I went to the Tower, to sit in com- 
mission about regulating the Mint ; and now it was 
that the fine new-milled coin, both of white money 
and guineas, was established. 

2Qth. It pleased God to take away my son, 
Richard, now a month old, yet without any sick- 
ness of danger perceivably, bemg to aU appearance 
a most likely child ; we suspected much the nurse 
had over-lain him ; to our extreme sorrow, being 
now a^ain reduced to one : but God s will be done. 

2QtL After evening prayers, was my child 
buried near the rest of nis brothers — ^my very dear 
children. 

21th ApriL Saw a facetious comedy, called Love 
in a Tvh ; ^ and supped at Mr. Secretary Bennet's.* 

Zrd May. Came the Earl of Kent,® my kins- 
man, and his lady, to visit us. 

5th. Went with some company a journey of 
pleasure on the water, in a barge, with music, 
and at Mortlake had a great banquet, returning 
late. The occasion was. Sir Robert Carr,* now 
courting Mrs. Bennet, sister to the Secretary of 
State. 

Qth. Went to see Mr. Wright the painter s 
collection of rare shells, etc^ 

8<A June. To our Society, to which his Majesty 
had sent that wonderful horn of the fish which 
struck a dangerous hole in the keel of a ship in the 
India sea, which, being broken off with the violence 

^ [Bj Sir George Etherege, 1635-91. Its first title was The 
Comical Revenge. It was ** very merry^ but only so by gesture^ 
not wit at all ' — says Pepys^ who saw it in January, l6o5lj 

* [See ante, p. 174.] 

* 'Anthony Grey, eleventh Earl of Kent^ d, 1702.] 
^ Sir Robert Carr, of Sleaford, Lincolnshire.] 

* [See ante, p. 137.] 

VOL.U P 



210 THE DIARY OF lew 

of the fish, and left in the timber, preserved it firom 
foundering.^ 

9th June. Sir Samuel Tuke * being this morning 
married to a lady, kinswoman to my Lord Arundel 
of Wardour, by the Queen's Lord Almoner, L, 
Aubigny,* in St. James's chapel, solemnised his 
wedding-night at my house with much company. 

22na. One Tomson, a Jesuit, showed me such a 
collection of rarities, sent from the Jesuits of Japan 
and China to their Order at Paris, as a present to be 
reserved in their repository, but brought to London 
by the East India ships for them, as in my life I 
had not seen. The chief things were, rhinoceroses' 
horns ; glorious vests, wrought and embroidered on 
cloth of gold, but with such lively colours, that for 
splendour and vividness we have nothing in Europe 
that approaches it ; a girdle studded with abates and 
rubies of great value and size ; knives, of so keen 
an edge as one could not touch them, nor was the 
metal of our colour, but more pale and livid ; fens, 
like those our ladies use, but much larger, and 
with long handles curiously carved and fiUed with 
Chinese characters; a sort of paper very broad, 
thin, and fine, like abortive parchment, and 
exquisitely polished, of an amber yellow, exceeding 
glorious and pretty to look on, and seeming to be 
like that which my Lord Verulam describes in his 
Nova Atlantis ; several other sorts of paper, some 
written, others printed ; prints of landscapes, their 
idols, saints, pagods, of most ugly serpentine 
monstrous and hideous shapes, to which they paid 
devotion; pictures of men and countries, rarely 
painted on a sort of gummed calico, transparent as 
glass ; flowers, trees, beasts, birds, etc., excellently 

^ [Grew's Catalogue and Description of the Natural and Artificial 
Rarities belonging to the Royal Society, and preserved at Gresham 
CoUedge, etc., 168I, contains no reference to this.] 

s [See ante, pp. 17 and 147.] ' [See anU, p. 46.] 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 211 

wrought in a kind of sleeve silk, very natural ; 
divers drugs that our druggists and physicians could 
make nothing of, especidUy one which the Jesuit 
called Lae Ttgridis : it looked like a fungus, but 
was weighty uke metal, yet was a concretion, or 
coagulation, of some other matter; several book 
MSS. ; a grammar of the language written in 
Spanish ; with innumerable other rarities. 

\st July. Went to see Mr. Povey's^ elegant 
house in Lincoln's-Inn-Fields, where the perspec- 
tive in his court, painted by Streater,* is indeed 
excellent, with the vases in imitation of porphyry, 
and fountains; the inlaying of his closet; above 
all, his pretty cellar and ranging of his wine- 
bottles. 

7th. To Court, where I subscribed to Sir Arthur 
Slingsby's ' lottery, a desperate debt owing me long 
since in Paris. 

lUh. I went to take leave of the two Mr. 
Howards,* now going to Paris, and brought them 
as far as Bromley ; thence, to Eltham, to see Sir 
John Shaw*s new house,* now building ; the place 
is pleasant, if not too wet, but the house not well 
contrived ; especially the roof and rooms too low 
pitched, and the kitchen where the cellars should 
be ; the orangery and aviary handsome, and a very 
large plantation about it. 

\9th. To London, to see the event of the 
lottery which his Majesty had permitted Sir 
Arthur Slingsby to set up for one day in the 
Banqueting-house, at Whitehall; I gaining only 

^ See afUe,p, 199 ; and pott, under 6th August, 1666. 

* [Robert Streater, 1624-80, called by Pepys^an excellent 
painter of perspective and landscape/' He was Serjeant Painter 
to Charles II.] 

« [See ante, p. 15.1 * [See ante, p. 190.] 

^ Eltham Palace (see ante, p. 110) had been bestowed upon 
Sir John Shaw bj Qiarles II. for services rendered at Brussels 
and Antwerp.] 



212 THE DIARY OF i664 

a trifle, as well as did the Kin^, Queen-Consort, 
and Queen-Mother, for near thirty lots; which 
was thought to be contrived very unhandsomely 
by the master of it, who was, in truth, a mere 
shark. 

21st July. I dined with my Lord Treasurer ^ at 
Southampton House, where his Lordship used me 
with singular humanity. I went in the afternoon 
to Chelsea, to wait on the Duke of Ormonde, and 
returned to London. 

2St/k Came to see me Monsieur Zulichem, 
Secretary to the Prince of Orange,* an excellent 
Latin poet, a rare lutanist, with Monsieur Oudart.* 

8rd August. To London ; a concert of excellent 
musicians, especially one Mr. Berkenshaw,^ that 
rare artist, wno invented a mathematical way of 
composure very extraordinary, true as to the 
exact rules of art, but without much harmony. 

%tK Came the sad and unexpected news of 
the death of Lady Cotton,* wife to my brother 
George, a most excellent lady. 

9tL Went with my brother Richard to Wotton, 
to visit and comfort my disconsolate brother ; and 
on the 18th saw my friend, Mr. Charles Howard, 
at Deepdene, near Dorking.^ 

16<A. I went to see Sir William Ducie's house 
at Charlton,^ which he purchased of my excellent 
friend. Sir Henry Newton,* now nobly furnished. 

22n^ I went from London to Wotton, to 

1 [Seeoni^, p. 112.] 

^ [Constantine Hujghens^ Seigneur de Zulichem, 1596-1687, 
father of Christian Huyghens (see anie^ p. l6l). He was in 
England in l671 (see /xm<^ under 24th June^ 1671).] 

• [Secretary to the late Princess of Orange.] 

^ Berkenshaw was music master to Pepjs^ who informs us in 
February, l662, that he gave him five pounds for five weeks' 
lessons, '^ which is a great deal of money, and troubled me to 
part with it." 

* [See cadey vol. i. p. 5.] • [See ante, p. 102.] 
T [See ante, p. 4.] ® [See ante, p. 67.] 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 218 

assist at the funeral of my sister-in-law, the Lady 
Cotton, buried in our dormitory there, she beinj 
put up in lead. Dr. Owen made a profitable ant 
pathetic discourse, concluding with an eulogy of 
that virtuous, pious, and deserving lady. It was 
a very solemn funeral, with about fifty mourners. 
I came back next day with my wife to London. 

2nd September. Came Constantine Huyghens, 
Seigneur de Zulichem, Sir Robert Morris, Mr. 
Oudart, Mr. Carew,^ and other friends, to spend 
the day with us. 

5th October. To our Society. There was 
brought a new-invented instrument of music, being 
a harpsichord with gut-strings, sounding like a 
concert of viols with an organ, made vocal by 
a wheel, and a zone of parchment that rubbed 
horizontally against the strings. 

6tk. I heard the anniversary oration in praise 
of Dr. Harvey, in the Anatomy Theatre in the 
College of Physicians ; after which I was invited 
by Dr. Alston, the President,^ to a magnificent 
feast 

7tk. I dined at Sir Nicholas Strood's, one of the 
Masters of Chancery, in Great St. Bartholomew's ; 
passing the evening at Whitehall, with the Queen, 
etc. 

Sth. Sir William Curtius,* his Majesty's Resident 
in Germany, came to visit me ; he was a wise and 
learned gentleman, and, as he told me, scholar to 
Henry AJstedius,* the Encyclopedist 

I5tk. Dined at the Lord Chancellor's, where 
were the Duke of Ormonde, Earl of Cork, and 
Bishop of Winchester. After dinner, my Lord 



1 

s 

8 

4 



Divine.] 



See ante, p. 12.] 

Sir Edward Alston, 1595-1669; P.C.P. 1685-66.] 

See ante, p. 87.1 

John Henry Aisted, 1588-1688, Gennan Philosopher and 



214 THE DIARY OF lew 

Chancellor and his lady carried me in their coach 
to see their palace (for he now lived at Worcester- 
House in the Strand), building at the upper end 
of St. James's-street,^ and to project the garden. 
In the evening, I presented him with my book on 
Architecture,' as before I had done to his Majesty 
and the Queen-Mother. His lordship causea me 
to stay with him in his bedchamber, discoursing of 
several matters very late, even till he was going 
into his bed. 

VI th October. I went with my Lord Viscount 
Combury,* to Combury, in Oxfordshire, to assist 
him in the planting of the park, and bear him 
company, with Mr. Belin and Mr. May,^ in a coach 
with six horses; dined at Uxbridge, lay at 
Wycombe. 

l%th. At Oxford. Went through Woodstock, 
where we beheld the destruction of that royal seat 
and park by the late rebels, and arrived that eveh- 
ing at Cornbury, a house lately built by the Earl 
of Denbigh, in tlie middle of a sweet park, walled 
with a d^ wall* The house is of excellent free- 
stone, abounding in that part (a stone that is fine, 

^ Clarendon House, Piccadilly. It stood on the N. side, 
between Berkeley Street and fiond Street, and exactly fronting 
St James's Palace. The Chancellor, in the Continuation of his 
Life, laments his '^weakness and vanity" in having built it, 
and the ** gust oi envy " which its magnificence created. He 
had litUe enjoyment of it, as will be seen hereafter (see post, 
under 19th June and 18th September, 1683, and 12th June, 
1684). 

^ A Parallel of the Ancient ArckUedurt with the Modem, etc 
Written in French, by Roland Freart, Sieur de Chambray, and 
translated by Evelyn. See his Miscellaneous Writings, i825, 
pp. 337-48. 

* [Henry Hyde, Lord Combiuy, 1638-1709, afterwards second 
Earl of Clarendon.] 

^ [Probably Hugh May, the architect of Cashiobiuy, and 
surveyor of the works at Windsor Castle.] 

^ Once the residence of Francis Almeric, created Baron 
Churchill, brother of the fifth Duke of Marlborough. 



1M4 JOHN EVELYN 215 

but never sweats, or casts any damp) ; it is of 
ample dimensions, has goodly cellars, the paving of 
the hall admirable for its close laying. We de- 
signed a handsome chapel that was yet wanting : 
as Mr. May had the stables, which indeed are very 
fair, having set out the walks in the park and 
gardens. The lodge is a pretty solitude, and the 
ponds very convenient ; the park well stored. 

20th October. Hence, to see the famous wells, 
natural and artificial grots and fountains, called 
Bushell's Wells, at Enstone.' This Bushell had 
been Secretary to my Lord Verulam. It is an ex- 
traordinary solitude. There he had two mummies ; 
a grot where he lay in a hammock, like an 
Indian. Hence, we went to Ditchley, an ancient 
seat of the Lees, now Sir Henry Lee's ; it is a low 
ancient timber house, with a pretty bowling-green. 
My Lady gave us an extraordinary dinner. This 
gentleman's mother was Countess of Rochester, 
who was also there, and Sir Walter St John. 
There were some pictures of their ancestors, not 
ill painted ; the great-grandfather had been Knight 
of the Garter : there was a picture of a Pope, and 
our Saviour's head. So we returned to Combury. 

24tk. We dmed at Sir Timothy Tyrell's at 
Shotover. This gentleman married the daughter 
and heir of Dr. James Ussher, Archbishop of 
Armagh, that learned prelate.^ There is here in 
the grove a fountain of the coldest water I ever 
felt, and very clear. His plantation of oaks and 
other timber is very commendable. We went in 
the evening to Oxford, lay at Dr. Hyde's, principal 
of Magdalen-HaU (related to the Lord Chancellor), 

^ Thomas Bushell^ 1594^1674. He had been page and seal- 
bearer to Bacon. He printed a pamphlet descriptive of his 
contrivances at Enstone; and in Plot's Oxfordshire is an 
engraving of the rock^ fomitains, etc., belonging to it. See an 
accomit of him in Manning and Bray's History of Surrey, 1814, 
vol. iii. p. 5^3^ and Appendix cxlix. ^ [See ante, p. 54.] 



216 THE DIARY OF i664 

brother to the Lord Chief-Justice and that Sir 
Henry Hyde, who lost his head for his loyalty. 
We were handsomely entertained two days. 
The Vice-chancellor, with Dr. Fell,' Dean of 
Christ Church, the learned Dr. Barlow,* Warden 
of Queen's, and several Heads of houses, came 
to visit Lord Combury (his father being now 
Chancellor of the University), and next day in- 
vited us all to dinner. I went to visit Mr. Boyle 
(now here), whom 1 found with Dr. Wallis,* and 
Dr. Christopher Wren,* in the tower of the schools, 
with an inverted tube, or telescope, observing the 
discus of the sun for the passing of Mercury that 
day before it ; but the latitude was so great that 
nothing appeared ; so we went to see the rarities 
in the Library, where the keepers showed me 
my name among the benefactors. They have 
a cabinet of some medals, and pictures of the 
muscular parts of man's body. Thence, to the 
new Theatre, now building at an exceedmg and 
royal expenise by the Lord Archbishop of Canter- 
bury [Sheldon], to keep the Acts in for the future, 
till now being in St Mary's Church. The founda- 
tion had been newly laid, and the whole designed 
by that incomparable genius, my worthy friend 
Dr. Christopher Wren, who showed me the model, 
not disdaining my advice in some particulars. 
Thence, to see the picture on the wall over the 
altar of All Souls, being the largest piece of fresco- 
painting (or rather in imitation of it, for it is in 
oil of turpentine) in England, not ill designed by 
the hand of one Fuller ; * yet I fear it will not hold 
long. It seems too full of nakeds for a chapel. 
Thence, to New College, and the painting of 



1 [See ante, p. I69.] * [See ante, p. 77.1 

* [f 



« 'See ante, p. I68J * [See anU, p. 77.] 

^ risaac Fuller, 1606-72. But the altar-piece at All Souls 
is said to be by Thomhill. Fuller painted one at Magdalen.] 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 217 

Magdalen chapel, which is on blue cloth in cMar- 
oscurOf by one Greenborow,^ being a Coma Dormm, 
and a Last Judgment on the wall by Fuller, as is 
the other, but somewhat varied. 

Next to Wadham, and the Physic Garden, where 
were two large locust trees, and as many platana, 
and some rare plants under the culture of old 
Bobart^ 

26th October. We came back to Beaconsfield ; 
next day to London, where we dined at the Lord 
Chancellor's, with my Lord Belasyse.* 

21th. Being casually in the privy gallery at 
Whitehall, his Majesty gave me thanks before divers 
lords and noblemen for my book of Architecture, 
and again for my Sylva^ saying they were the best 
designed and useful for the matter and subject, the 
best printed and designed (meaning the taiue'douces 
of the Parallel of Architecture) that he had seen. 
He then caused me to follow him alone to one of 
the windows, and asked me if I had any paper 
about me unwritten, and a crayon; I presented 
him with both, and then laying it on the window- 
stool, he with his own hands designed to me the 
plot for the future building of Whitehall, together 
with the rooms of state, and other particulars. 
After this, he talked with me of several matters, 
asking my advice, in which I find his Majesty had 
an extraordinary talent becoming a magnificent 
prince. 

The same day at Council, there being Com- 

1 [Query,— Robert Greenbury (Ji, l6l6-50).] 

2 Jacob Bobart, 1599-1680, was appointed the first keeper 
of the Physic Garden at Oxford. There is a fine print oi him, 
after Loggan, by Burghers, dated l675. There exists also a 
small whole-length of him in the frontispiece to Ferlumnus, a poem 
on that Oxford garden. In this he is dressed in a long vest, 
with a beard. He was succeeded by his son, also Jacob, l641- 

1719. 

« [See (mU, p. 201.] 



218 THE DIARY OF i6e4 

missioners to be made to take care of such sick and 
wounded and prisoners of war, as might be expected 
upon occasion of a succeeding war and action 
at sea, war being abeady declared against the 
HoUanders, his Majesty was pleased to nominate 
me to be one, with three other gentlemen, 
parliament-men, viz. Sir William D*Oyly,^ Knt and 
Bart, Sir Thomas Clifford,^ and Bullein Rheymes, 
Esq. ; with a salary of £1200 a year amongst us, 
besides extraordinaries for our care and attention in 
time of station, each of us being appointed to a 

g articular district, mine faUing out to be Kent and 
ussex, with power to constitute officers, physicians, 
chirurgeons, provost-marshals, and to dispose of 
half of the hospitals through England. After the 
council, we kissed his Majesty's hand. At this 
council, I heard Mr. Solicitor Finch' plead most 
elegantly for the merchants trading to the Canaries, 
praying for a new Charter. 

29th October. Was the most magnificent triumph 
by water and land of the Lord Mayor.^ I dined 
at Guildhall, at the upper table, placed next to Sir 
H. Bennet, Secretary of State,* opposite to my 
Lord Chancellor and the Duke of Buckingham, who 
sate between Monsieur Cominges, the French Am- 
bassador,^ Lord Treasurer, the Dukes of Ormonde 
and Albemarle, Earl of Manchester, Lord Chamber- 
lain, and the rest of the great officers of state. My 
Lord Mayor came twice up to us, first drinking in 
the golden goblet his Majesty s health, then the 

1 [Sir William D'Oyly of Shottisham, Norfolk, d. 1677. He 
was M.P. for Yarmouth.] 

s [Sir Thomas Clifford of Ugbrooke, first Baron Clifford of 
Chudleigh, 1630-73.] 

8 Heneage Finch, 1621-82, afterwards first Earl of Notting* 
ham and Lord Chancellor. 

^ Sir John Lawrence. The pageant for the day was at the 
cost of the Haberdashers' Company. 

* [See ante, p. 1 74.] « [See ante, p. 203.] 



1664 JOHN EVELYN 219 

French King's as a compliment to the Ambassador ; 
we returned my Lord Mayor s health, the trumpets 
and drums sounding. The cheer was not to be 
imagined for the plenty and rarity, with an infinite 
number of persons at the tables in that ample halL 
The feast was said to cost £1000. I sUpped away 
in the crowd, and came home late. 

81^ October. I was this day 44 years of age ; 
for which I returned thanks to Almighty God, 
begging His merciful protection for the year to 
come. 

2nd November. Her Majesty, the Queen- 
Mother, came across the gallery in Whitehall to 
F've me thanks for my book of Architecture, which 
had presented to her, with a compliment that I 
did by no means deserve. 

IQth. We chose our treasurer,^ clerks, and mes- 
sengers, and appointed our seal, which I ordered 
should be the good Samaritan, with this motto, 
Fac similiter. Painters' Hall was lent us to meet 
in. In the great room were divers pictures, some 
reasonably good, that had been given to the Com- 
pany by several of the wardens and masters of the 

28rd. Our statutes now fimshed, were read 
before a full assembly of the Royal Society.* 

2Mh. His Majesty was pleased to tell me what 
the conference was with the Holland Ambassador, 
which, as after I found, was the heads of the speech 
he made at the re-convention of the Parliament, 
which now began. 

2nd December. We delivered the Privy Council's 
letters to the Governors of St Thomas's Hospital, 
in Southwark, that a moiety of the house should 
be reserved for such sick and wounded as should 
from time to time be sent from the fleet during 
the war. This being delivered at their Court, the 

1 [See p. 220.] « [See anU, p. 196.] 



220 THE DIARY OF i664 

President and several Aldermen, Governors of that 
Hospital, invited us to a great feast in Fishmongers' 
HalL^ 

20th December. To London, our last sitting, 
taking order for our personal visiting our several 
districts.' I dined at Captain Cocke's (our 
treasurer), with that most ingenious gentleman, 
Matthew Wren, son to the Bishop of Ely,* and 
Mr. Joseph Williamson, since Secretary of State.^ 

22nd. I went to the launching of a new ship of 
two bottoms, invented by Sir William Petty, on 
which were various opinions;* his Majesty being 

f resent, gave her the name of the Earperiment : so 
returned home, where I found Sir Humphry 
Winch,* who spent the day with me. 

This year 1 planted the lower grove next the 
pond at Sayes Court It was now exceeding cold, 
and a hard long frosty season, and the comet was 
very visible. 

2%th. Some of my poor neighbours dined with 
me, and others of my tenants, according to my 
annual custom. 

«lst. Set my affairs in order, gave God praise 
for His mercies the past year, and prepared for the 
reception of the Holy Sacrament, which I partook 
of the next day, after hearing our minister on the 
4th of Galatians, verses 4, 5, of the mystery of our 
Blessed Saviour s Incarnation. 

^ [Afterwards destroyed in the Great Fire. It had previously 
been Lord Fanhope's.l 

« [See aniCy p. 218.1 » [See anU, p. 118.] 

* Afterwaids Sir Joseph, 1683-1701. He was Secretary of 
Stote, 1660-61, and P.R.S., 1677-80. He represented Thetford 
and Rochester in several parliaments. At his death he left 
JC6OOO to Queen's College, Oxford, where he was educated, and 
at Rochester he founded a mathematical school. There is a 
whole-length portrait of him in the Town-hall at Rochester. 

* [See ante, p. 208.] 

^ [A Commissioner of Trade, and later Commissioner of the 
Admiralty.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 221 

1664-5 : 2nd January. This day was published 
by me that part of The Mystery of Jesuitism^ 

^ In a letter to Lord Combuiy, 2nd Jan. l664, Evelyn says, " I 
came to present y Lordship with y' owne booke [in the margin 
is written, ' The other part of the Mystery of Jesuitism translated 
and published by me *] : I left it with my Lord y' father, 
because I would not suffer it to be publiq till he had first 
seene it, who, on y*" L" score, has so just a title to it. The 
particulars, w^ you will find added after the 4th letter, are 
extracted out of severall curious papers and passages lying by 
me, which for being very apposite to y* controversy, I thought 
fit to annex, in danger otherwise to have never ben produced.*' 
— In another letter to Lord Combury, 9th Feb. 1664, Mr. 
Evelyn says he undertook the translation by command of his 
Lordship and of his father the Lord Chancellor. 

The authors of the Biographia Brikmnica speak of The MyHery 
of Jetukume as one volume ; but in the library at Wotton there 
are three, in duodecimo, with the subjoined titles and contents. 
The second in order is that translated by Mr. Evelyn. 

1. Les Provinciales, or, the Mystery of Jesuitisme, discovered 
in certain letters written upon occasion of the present diff*erence 
at Sorbonne between the Jansenists and the Molinists, displaying 
the pernicious Maxims of the late Casuists. The second edition 
corrected, with large additionals. Sicut SerpetUes, London : 
Printed for Richard Royston, and are to be sold by Robert 
Clavell at the Stag's Head near St. Ghregorie's church in St. Paul's 
Church-yard, l658. — pp. 360. Additionals, pp. 147. At the 
end are the names of some of the most eminent Casuists. 

2. Mvarrjpiov r^s 'Avo/jiias. That is, Another Part of the 
Mystery of Jesuitism; or the new Heresie of the Jesuits, 
publicly maintained at Paris, in the College of Qermont, the xii 
of December MDCLXI. declared to all the Bishops of France. 
According to the copy printed at Paris. Together with the 
Imaginary Heresy, in three Letters, with divers other particulars 
relating to the abominable Mysterie. Never before published 
in English. London: Printed by James Flesher for Richard 
Royston, bookseller to his most sacred Majesty, 1 664^-3 letters, 
pp. 206. Copy of a Letter from the Reverend Father Valerian, 
a Capuchin, to Pope Alexander 7th, pp. 207-239. The sense 
of the French Church, pp. 240-254. 

3. The Moral Practice of the Jesuits demonstrated by many 
remarkable histories of their actions in all parts of the world. 
Collected either from books of the greatest authority, or most 
certain and unquestionable records and memorials. By the 
Doctors of the Sorbonne. Faithfully translated into English (by 
Dr. Tongue; see hereafter, under l678, Oct 1). London: 



^^m^^^mm^^m^^^m^^^^^^^^^^ 



222 THE DIARY OF lees 

translated and collected by me though without my 
name, containmg the Imagmary Heresy, with four 
letters and other pieces. 

Mh Jantuiry. I went in a coach, it being excessive 
sharp frost and snow, towards Dover and other 
parts of Kent, to settle physicians, chirurgeons, 
agents, marshals, and other officers in all the sea- 
ports, to take care of such as should be set on 
shore, wounded, sick, or prisoners, in pursuance of 
our commission reaching from the North Foreland, 
in Kent, to Portsmouth, in Hampshire. The rest 
of the ports in England were allotted to the 
other Commissioners. That evening, I came to 
Rochester, where I delivered the Privy Council's 
letter to the Mayor to receive orders from me. 

5th. I arrived at Canterbury, and went to 
the cathedral, exceedingly well repaired since his 
Majesty's return. 

6th. To Dover, where Colonel Stroode, Lieu- 
tenant of the Castle, having received the letter I 
brought him from the Duke of Albemarle, made 
me lodge in it, and I was splendidly treated, assist- 
ing me from place to place. Here I settled my 
first Deputy. The Mayor and officers of the 
Customs were very civil to me. 

9th. To Deal. — \Oth. To Sandwich, a pretty 
town, about two miles from the sea. The Mayor 
and officers of the Customs were very diligent to 
serve me. I visited the forts in the way, and 
returned that night to Canterbury. 

11th. To Rochester, when 1 took order to settle 
officers at Chatham. 

12th. To Gravesend, and returned home. A 
cold, busy, but not unpleasant journey. 

25th. This night being at Whitehall, his Majesty 

Printed for Simon Miller, at the Star at the west end of St. 
Paul's, 1670. See Evelyn's Miscellaneous Writings, p. 499. 
[Brmf's Noie.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 228 

came to me standing in the withdrawing-room, and 
gave me thanks for publishing The Mysteries of 
Jesuitism^ which he said he had carried two days in 
his pocket, read it, and encouraged me ; at which I 
did not a little wonder : I suppose Sir Robert 
Murray had given it to him. 

27m January. Dined at the Lord Chancellor's, 
who caused me after dinner to sit two or three 
hours alone with him in his bedchamber. 

2nd February. I saw a Masque performed at 
Court, by six gentlemen and six ladies, surprising 
his Majesty, it being Candlemas-day. 

%ih. Ash Wednesday. 1 visited our prisoners at 
Chelsea College, and to examine how Uie marshal 
and sutlers behaved. These were prisoners taken 
in the war ; they only complained that their bread 
was too fine. I dined at Sir Henry Herbert's, 
Master of the Revels.^ 

^th. Dined at my Lord Treasurer's, the Eiarl of 
Southampton,^ in Bloomsbury, where he was build- 
ing a noole square, or piazza,' a little town; his 
own house stands too low, some noble rooms, a 
pretty cedar chapel, a naked garden to the north, 
but good air.^ I had much discourse with his 
Lordship, whom I found to be a person of extra- 
ordinary parts, but a valetvdinariaru — I went to 
St. James s Park, where I saw various animals, and 
examined the throat of the onocrotahis^ or pelican, 
a fowl between a stork and a swan ; a melancholy 
water-fowl, brought from Astracan by the Russian 
Ambassador ; it was diverting to see how he would 
toss up and turn a flat fish, plaice, or flounder, to 

^ [See anUy p. 52. He was the brother of George Herbert] 

« rSeeante, p. 112.] 

^ The Italians mean simply a square by their piazzas, 

^ Afterwards called Bedford House, the town residence for 
many years of the Russell family. It was pulled down in 1800 ; 
and on the site and the adjoining fields were erected Russell 
Square, Bedford Place, Russell Place, etc. 



224 THE DIARY OF lew 

get it right into his gullet at its lower beak, which, 
being mmy, stretches to a prodigious wideness 
when it devours a great fish. Here was also a 
small water-fowl, not bigger than a moorhen, that 
went almost quite erect, like the penguin of 
America ; it would eat as much fish as its whole 
body weighed ; I never saw so unsatiable a 
devourer, yet the body did not appear to swell the 
bigger. The Solan geese here are also great 
devourers, and are said soon to exhaust all the fish 
in a pond. Here was a curious sort of poultry 
not much exceeding the size of a tame pigeon, 
with legs so short as their crops seemed to touch 
the earth ; a milk-white raven ; a stork, which was 
a rarity at this season, seeing he was loose, and 
could fly loftily ; two Balearian cranes,^ one of 
which having had one of his legs broken and cut 
off above the knee, had a wooden or boxen leg and 
thigh, with a joint so accurately made that the 
creature could walk and use it as well as if it had 
been natural ; it was made by a soldier. The park 
was at this time stored with numerous flocl^ of 
several sorts of ordinary and extraordinary wild 
fowl, breeding about the Decoy,* which for being 
near so great a city, and among such a concourse 
of soldiers and people, is a singular and diverting 
thing. There were also deer of several countries, 
white; spotted like leopards; antelopes, an elk, 
red deer, roebucks, stags, Guinea goats, Arabian 
sheep, etc. There were withy-pots, or nests, for 
the wild fowl to lay their eggs in, a little above the 
surface of the water. 

2&rd February. I was invited to a great feast at 
Mr. Rich's (a relation of my wife's, now Reader 

^ [Balearic cranes.] 

^ [The Decoy, at this date in course of construction, was at 
the south-eastern end of St James's Park. It disappeared 
(with Duck Island) in 1771.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 225 

at Lincoln's Inn) ; where was the Duke of Mon- 
mouth, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Bishops of 
London and Winchester, the Speaker of the House 
of Commons, divers of the Judges, and several 
other ^reat men. 

24<A February. Dr. Fell,^ Canon of Christ 
Church, preached before the King, on 15 ch. 
Romans, v. 2, a very formal discourse, and in blank 
verse, according to his manner; however, he is 
a good man. — Mr. Phillips, preceptor to my son,* 
went to be with the Earl of Pembroke's son, my 
Lord Herbert 

2nd March. I went with his Majesty, into the 
lobby behind the House of Lords, where I saw the 
King and the rest of the Lords robe themselves, 
and got into the House of Lords in a corner near 
the woolsack, on which the Lord Chancellor sits 
next below the throne: the King sate in all the 
r^alia, the crown-imperial on his head, the sceptre 
and globe, etc The Duke of Albemarle bare the 
sword, the Duke of Ormonde, the cap of dignity. 
The rest of the Lords robed in their places: — a 
most splendid and august convention. Then came 
the Speaker and the House of Commons, and at 
the bar made a speech, and afterwards presented 
several bills, a nod only passing them, the clerk 
saying, Le Roy le veuu, as to public bills; as to 
private. Soil fait comme il est aisir^. Then, his 
Majesty made a handsome but short speech, com- 
manding my Lord Privy Seal to prorogue the 
Parliament, which he did, the Chancellor being ill 
and absent I had not before seen this ceremony. 

9th. I went to receive the poor creatures that 
were saved out of the London frigate,' blown up 
by accident, with above 200 men. 

1 fSee ofde, p. 21 6.] ^ [See ante, p. 206.] 

* [**A little on this side of the buoy of the Nore" — says 
Pepys, 8th March^ 1665 — ''she suddenly blew up" — as they 

VOL. II Q 



226 THE DIARY OF im 

29th March. Went to Goring House,^ now Mr. 
Secretary Bennet's, ill built, but the place capable 
of being made a pretty villa. His Majesty was now 
finishing the Decoy in the Park* 

2nd April Took order about some prisoners 
sent from Captain Allen's ship, taken in the 
Solomon,^ viz. the brave men who defended her so 
gallantly. 

5th. Was a day of public humiliation and for 
success of this terrible war/ begun doubtless at 
secret instigation of the French to weaken the 
States and Protestant interest. Prodigious pre- 
parations on both sides. 

6th. In the afternoon, I saw acted Mtistapha^ a 
tragedy written by the Earl of Orrery.* 

lltk To London, being now left the only Com- 
missioner to take all necessary orders how to 
exchange, remove, and keep prisoners, dispose of 
hospitals, etc ; the rest of the Commissioners being 
gone to their several districts, in expectation of a 
sudden engagement 

19th. Invited to a great dinner at the Trinity 
House, where I had business with the Commis- 
sioners of the Navy, and to receive the second 

were bringing her from Chatham to the Hope. Three hundred 
men were drowned.] 

^ Buckingham Palace is now built on the site. There is a 
small print of Groring House^ as it then stood. 

2 [In an account for **Workes and Services," drawn up in 
May, 1671^ and printed in Cunningham's London, 1850, p. 259, 
are several items connected with the Decoy, which is said to 
have been " contrived " by one Sydrach Hilcus. Another person 
engaged upon it was the Edward Storey who gave his name to 
Storey's Gate.] 

' fPepys calls this Dutch ship the King SiUomon (see post, 
under 24th April, l665).] 

^ [It had been declared, 22nd February.] 

^ [Mustapka, the Son ofSofyman the Magnificent, printed l668. 
Pepys saw this on the 3rd at the Duke's Theatre ; but does not 
praise it.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 227 

£5000 impressed for the service of the sick and 
wounded prisoners. 

20th ApriL To Whitehall, to the King, who 
called me into his bedchamber as he was dressing,, 
to whom I showed the letter written to me from 
the Duke of York from the fleet, giving me notice 
of young Evertzen, and some considerable com- 
manders newly taken in fight with the Dartmouth 
[? Yarmouth'] and Diamond frigates,^ whom he had 
sent me as prisoners at war ; I went to know of his 
Majesty how he would have me treat them, when 
he commanded me to bring the young captain to 
him, and to take the word ofthe Dutch Ambassador 
(who yet remained here) for the other, that he should 
render himself to me whenever I called on him, 
and not stir without leave. Upon which I desired 
more guards, the prison being Chelsea House.^ I 
went also to Lord Arlington (the Secretary Bennet 
lately made a Lord) ' about other business. Dined 
at my Lord Chancellor's ; none with him but Sir 
Sackville Crowe, formerly Ambassador at Constan- 
tinople ; we were very cheerful and merry. 

24£A. I presented young Captain f^vertzen 
(eldest son of Cornelius, Vice-Adnural of Zealand, 
and nephew of John, now Admiral, a most valiant 

1 [Cf. Pepys, 17th April, 1665. ''To the Duke of Albe- 
marle's, where he showed me Mr. Coventry's letters, how three 
Dutch privateers are taken, in one whereof Everson's son is 
captain. But they have killed poor Captain Grolding in the 
Diamond [see anie, p. 53]. Two of them, one of 32 and the 
other of 20 odd guns, did stand stoutly up against her, which 
hath 46, and the Yarmouth, that hath 52 guns, and as many 
more men as they. So that they did more than we could 
expect ; not yielding till many of their men were killed. And 
Everson, when he was brought before the Duke of York, and 
was observed to be shot t&t>ugh the hat, answered, that he 
wished it had gone through his head, rather than been taken."] 

> [Chelsea College. See anie, p. 223 ; and post, under 24th 
September, l667.] 

« [See anie, p. 209.] 



228 THE DIARY OF I666 

person) to his Majesty in his bedchamber. The 
King gave him his hand to kiss, and restored him 
his liberty ; asked many questions concerning the 
fight (it being the first blood drawn), his Majesty 
remembering the many civilities he had formerly 
received from his relations abroad, who had now so 
much interest in that considerable Province. Then, 
I was commanded to go with him to the Holland 
Ambassador, where he was to stay for his passport, 
and I was to give him fifty pie^ in broad |old. 
Next day I had the Ambassador s parole for the 
other Captain, taken in Captain Allen's fight before 
Cales [Cadiz]. ^ I gave tne King an account of 
what I had done, and afterwards asked the same 
favour for another Captain, which his Majesty 
gave me. 

2Sth April I went to Tunbridge, to see a 
solemn exercise at the free-school there.* 

Having taken orders with my marshal about my 
prisoners, and with the doctor and chirurgeon to 
attend the wounded enemies, and of our own men, 
I went to London again, and visited my charge, 
several with legs and arms ofi^; misa*able objects, 
God knows. 

16th May. To London, to consider of the poor 
orphans and widows made by this bloody banning, 
and whose husbands and relations perished in the 
London frigate, of which there were fifty widows, 
and forty-five of them with child. 

26tL To treat with the Holland Ambassador at 
Chelsea,' for release of divers prisoners of war in 
Holland on exchange here. After dinner, being 

1 fPepys refers to this action^ which was fought in CadiJB 
Bay Detween eight ships under Allen^ and thirty-four of the 
Dutch Smyrna Fleet (Dtary, 2Srd January, l665).l 

^ At the annual visitation of the Skinners Company of 
London, who are the patrons, at which verses, themes, etc., are 
spoken before them by the senior scholars. 

« [See above, p. 227.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 22& 

called into the Council-Chamber at Whitehall, I 
ffave his Majesty an account of what I had done, 
informing him of the vast charge upon us, now 
amounting to no less than £1000 weekly. 

2!9th May. I went with my little boy to my 
district in Kent, to make up accounts with my 
officers. Visited the Governor at Dover Castle,* 
where were some of my prisoners. 

Qrd June. In my return went to Gravesend; 
the fleets being just now engaged, gave special 
orders for my officers to be ready to receive the 
wounded and prisoners. 

5th. To London, to speak with his Majesty and 
the Duke of Albemarle for horse and foot guards 
for the prisoners at war, committed more particu- 
larly to my charge by a commission apart 

8^^ I went again to his Grace, thence to the 
Council, and moved for another privy seal for 
£20,000, and that I mi^ht have the disposal of 
the Savoy Hospital for the sick and wounded ; all 
which was granted. Hence to the Royal Society, 
to refresh among the philosophers. 

Came news of his Highness's victory,* which 
indeed might have been a complete one, and at 
once ended the war, had it been pursued, but the 
cowardice of some, or treachery, or both, frustrated 
that. We had, however, bonfires, bells, and rejoic- 
ing in the city. Next day, the 9th, I had instant 
oraers to repair to the Downs, so as I got to 
Rochester this evening. Next day, I lay at Deal, 
where I found all in reuiiness : but, the fleet being 
hindered by contrary winds, I came away on the 
12th, and went to Jbover, and returned to Deal ; 

^ [Colonel Stroode (see ofde^ p. 222; and post, under 6th 
January, l665). ^'Captoin John Stroade is M' of the Castle" 
—says Edward Browne in April, l664 (Sir T. Browne's Worki, 
1830, i. 57). Pepys also mentions Stroud under 4th June, 1666.] 

3 [Over the Dutch in Sole Bay (off Lowestoft), June 8.] 



280 THE DIARY OF i6«5 

and on the 18th, hearing the fleet was at Sole Bay, 
I went homeward, and ky at Chatham, and on the 
14th, I got home. On the 15th, came the eldest 
son of the present Secretary of State to the French 
Kmg,^ with much other company, to dine with me. 
After dinner, I went with hun to London, to speak 
to my Lord General,^ for more guards, and gave 
his Majesty an account of my journey to the coasts 
under my inspection. I also waited on his Royal 
Highness." now come triumphant from the fleet, 
gotten into repair. See the whole history of this 
conflict in my History of the Ihitch War.^ 

20th June. To London, and represented the 
state of the sick and wounded to His Majesty in 
Council, for want of money ; he ordered I should 
apply to my Lord Treasurer and Chancellor of the 
Exchequer, upon what funds to raise the money 

Sromised. We also presented to his Majesty 
ivers expedients for retrenchment of the charge. 

This evening making my court to the Duke, I 
spake to Monsieur Cominges, the French Am- 
bassador,^ and his Highness granted me six 
prisoners, Embdeners, who were desirous to go to 
the Barbadoes with a merchant. 

2!2nd. We waited on the Chancellor of the 
Exchequer, and got an Order of Council for our 
money to be paid to the Treasurer of the Navy for 
our Receivers. 

2&rd. I dined with Sir Robert Faston, since 
Earl of Yarmouth,® and saw the Duke of Vemeuil, 

^ [The Marquis de Bemi, eldest son of Hugues de Uonne, 
Foreign Secretary to Louis XIV. He had accompanied the 
Embassy^ and was supposed to be in love with the &nious Miss 
Jennings of Grammont's Mmotfv.] 

* [The Duke of Albemarle.] 

' [The Duke of York^ who (assisted by Prince Rupert and the 
Earl of Sandwich^ had been in command.] 

* Never completed. See past, under 19th August, 1674. 

* [See ante, p. 203.] • [See ante, p. 110.] 



1665 JOHN EVELYN 281 

base brother to the Queen-Mother, a handsome old 
man, a neat hunter.^ 

The Duke of York told us that, when we were 
in fight, his dog sought out absolutely the very 
securest place in all the vessel — In the afternoon, 
I saw the pompous reception and audience of El 
Conde de M ohna, the Spanish Ambassador, in the 
Banqueting - house, botn their Majesties sitting 
together under the canopy of state. 

With June. To Chatham ; and, 1st July, to the 
fleet with Lord Sandwich,^ now Admiral, with whom 
I went in a pinnace to the Buoy of the Nore, where 
the whole fleet rode at anchor ; went on board the 
Prince^ of ninety brass ordnance, haply the best 
ship in the world, both for building and sailing ; 
she had 700 men. They made a great huzza, or 
shout, at our approach, three times. Here we 
dined with many noblemen, gentlemen, and volun- 
teers, served in plate and excellent meat of all sorts. 
After dinner, came his Majesty, the Duke, and 
Prince Rupert Here I saw the Kin^ laiight 
Captain Cuttance ^ for behaving so bravdy in the 
late fight It was surprising to behold the good 
order, decency, and plenty of all things in a vessel 
so fidl of men. The ship received a hundred 
cannon-shot in her body. Then I went on board 
the CharUsy to which after a gun was shot ofi^, came 
all the flag-officers to his Majesty, who there held 
a General Council, which determined that his Royal 

1 [Henri de Bourbon, Due de Vemeuil, 1601-82. He was the 
son of Henri IV. and Henrietta de Balzac, Marquise de Vemeuil. 
He had been legitimised in l603. This '^ great hunter " brought 
with him twenty-four horses, and some dogs, which latter he lost 
in returning to France.] 

^ [Edward Montagu (or Mountagu), first Earl of Sandwich, 
1625-72, Lieut- Admiral to the Duke of York, He had dis- 
tinguished himself at Sole Bay (see aidt^ p. 229, n, 2).] 

^ [Sir Roger Cuttance, flag-captain of the Nasehy, and captain 
of the Fleet, l665.] 



282 THE DIARY OF im 

Highness should adventure himself no more this 
summer. I came away late, having seen the most 
fflorious fleet that ever spread sails. We returned 
m his Majesty's yacht with my Lord Sandwich ^ 
and Mr. Vice-Chamberlain, landing at Chatham on 
Sunday morning. 

5th July. I took order for 150 men, who had 
been recovered of their wounds, to be carried on 
board the Clove Tree, Carolus Qmntus^ and 
Zealand^ ships that had been taken by us m the 
fight ; and so returned home. 

7tL To London, to Sir William Coventry;* 
and so to Syon, where his Majesty sat at Council 
during the contagion:^ when business was over, 
I viewed that seat belonging to the Earl of 
Northumberland, built out of an old nunnery, of 
stone, and fair enough, but more celebrated for the 
garden than it deserves: yet there is excellent 
wall -fruit, and a pretty fountain ; nothing else 
extraordinary.* 

9th. I went to Hampton-Court,* where now the 
whole Court was, to solicit for money; to carry 
intercepted letters ; confer again with Sir William 
Coventry, the Duke's Secretary; and so home, 
having dined with Mr. Secretary Morice. 

16th. There died of the plague in London this 

1 [See ante, p. 231.] 2 [See anie, p. 18.] 

^ [The Great Plague^ which ravaged London in this year, 
carrying off 100^000 persons. It first made its appearance in 
December^ l664 ; but Pepys does not begin to speak of it till 
May^ 1665. ''24th. — To the Coffee-house, where all the news 
is of the Dutch being gone, and of the plague growing upon us 
in this town ; and of remedies against it ; some saying one thing, 
and some another."] 

^ [Syon (or Sion) House, Isleworth, Middlesex, the seat of 
the Northumberlands since 1553. It occupies the site of Syon 
Monastery, removed from Twickenham in 1431. Some ancient 
mulberries are still said to date from this period.] 

^ [When the plague appeared at Hampton, tne Court moved 
to Salisbury.] 



im JOHN EVELYN 288 

week 1100 ; and in the week following, above 2000.^ 
Two houses were shut up in our parish. 

2nd August. A solemn fast through England 
to deprecate God's displeasure against the land 
by pestilence and war; our Doctor preaching on 
26 Levit, v. 41, 42, that the means to obtain remis- 
sion of punishment was not to repine at it; but 
humbly to submit to it. 

8rd. Came his Grace the Duke of Albemarle, 
Lord Greneral of all his Majesty's Forces, to visit 
me, and carried me to dine with him. 

^th. I went to Wotton with my son and his 
tutor, Mr. Bohun,* Fellow of New College (recom- 
mended to me by Dr. Wilkins, and the President 
of New College, Oxford), for fear of the pestilence, 
still increasing in London and its environs. On 
my return, I called at Durdans, where I found 
Dr. Wilkms, Su- William Petty, and Mr. Hooke,» 
contriving chariots, new rigging for ships, a wheel 
for one to run races in, and other mechanical 
inventions; perhaps three such persons together 
were not to be found elsewhere in Europe, for parts 
and ingenuity. 

Sth. I waited on the Duke of Albemarle, who 
was resolved to stay at the Cock-pit, in St, James's 
Park. Died this week in London, 4000. 

15th. There perished this week 5000. 

2Sth. The contagion still increasing, and growing 
now all about us, I sent my wife and whole family 
(two or three necessary servants excepted) to my 
brother s at Wotton, being resolved to stay at my 
house myself, and to look after my charge, trusting 
in the providence and goodness of God. 

^ [At the beginning of August, the number had risen to 
nearly 3000 per week ; the ordinary average being 300.] 

^ Mr. Ralph Bohun, probationary fellow of New College, 
Oxford. In l685 he completed his Doctor's degree. In 1701 
Evelyn gave him the living of Wotton. 

» [See anie, pp. 76, 178, and 208.] 



284 THE DIARY OF im6 

5th September. To Chatham, to inspect my 
charge, with £900 in my coach. 

Ith. Came home, there perishing near 10,000 
poor creatures weekly ; however, I went all along 
the city and suburbs from Kent Street to St 
James's, a dismal passage, and dangerous to see so 
many coffins exposed in the streets, now thin of 
people; the shops shut up, and all in mournful 
silence, not knowing whose turn might be next. 
I went to the Duke of Albemarle for a pest- 
ship, to wait on our infected men, who were not 
a few. 

14^A. I went to Wotton ; and on 16th September, 
to visit old Secretary Nicholas,^ being now at his 
new purchase of West Horsley,' once mortgaged 
to me by Lord Viscount Montague : a pretty dry 
seat on the Down. Returned to Wotton. 

Vlth. Receiving a letter from Lord Sandwich 
of a defeat given to the Dutch,' I was forced to 
travel all Sunday. I was exceedingly perpl^ed to 
find that near 8000 prisoners were sent to me to 
dispose of, being more than I had places fit to 
receive and guard. 

25th. My Lord Admiral being come from the 
fleet to Greenwich, I went thence with him to the 
Cock-pit, to consult with the Duke of Albemarle. 
I was peremptory that, unless we had £10,000 
immediately, the prisoners would starve, and it 
was proposed it should be ridsed out of the East 
India prizes * now taken by Lord Sandwich. They 

^ [See ante, p. 15j 

^ 'West Horsley rlace^ which passed to the £BUGQily of Nicholas 
from xtaleigh's son^ Carew. There is a monument to Sir Edward 
Nicholas in West Horsley Church.] 

• [On the 12th, when twenty-one of the Dutch Fleet were 
taken(see Pepys* Diary ^ 14th September, l665).] 

* [Two vessels. See Pepys* Diary ^ under 10th September, 
l665, and infra, p. 235. Evelyn has not yet mentioned Pepys ; 
but Pepys nad ahready visited Sayes Court in the preceding May, 



1665 JOHN EVELYN 285 

being but two of the commission, and so not 
empowered to determine, sent an express to his 
Majesty and Council, to know what they should do. 
In the meantime, I had five vessels, with competent 
guards, to keep the prisoners in for the present, 
to be placed as I should think best After dinner 
(which was at the General's) I went over to visit 
his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury,^ at 
Lambeth. 

2Sth September. To the General again, to 
acquaint him of the deplorable state of our men 
for want of provisions : returned with orders. 

29th. To Erith, to quicken the sale of the 
prizes lying there, with order to the commis- 
sioner who lay on board till they should be 
disposed of, £5000 being proportioned for my 
quarter. Then I delivered the Dutch Vice- 
Admiral, who was my prisoner, to Mr. Lo . . .' 
of the Marshalsea, he giving me bond in £500 to 
produce him at my call I exceedingly pitied this 

and had met Evelyn at Lord Brouncker's (ante, p. l68) and 
Captain Cocke's (ante, p. 220). On the 10th September afore- 
said (a, Sunday)^ he encountered him again at Cocke's^ with 
his fellow-Commissioner^ Sir W. D'Oyly; and Pepys' vivacious 
account of the entertainment may be here interpolated^ though 
it is neglected by Evelyn's graver pen. " The receipt of this 
news [i,e, the taking of the East India Prizes] did put us all 
into such an ecstasy of joy^ that it inspired into Sir J. Minnes 
and Mr. Evelyn such a spirit of mirth^ that in all my life I never 
met with so merry a two hours as our company this night was. 
Among other humours^ Mr. Evelyn's repeating of some verses 
made up of nothing but the various acceptations of vuNf and can, 
and doing it so aptly upon occasion of something of that nature, 
and so &st, did make us all die almost with laughing^ and did so 
stop the mouth of Sir J. Minnes in the middle of idl his mirth, 
(and in a thing agreeing with his own manner of genius) that I 
never saw any man so out-done in all my life ; and Sir J. Minnes's 
mirth too to see himself out-done, was the crown of all our 
mirth." Evelyn at this date was nearly forty-five ; Pepys was 
thirty-twoj 

^ [Dr. Gilbert Sheldon.] ' Mr. Lowman. 



286 THE DIARY OF im 

brave unhappy person, who had lost with these 
prizes £40,000 after 20 years' n^otiation [trading] 
m the East Indies. I dined in one of these vessels, 
of 1200 tons, full of riches. 

1^ October. This afternoon, whilst at evening 

Srayers, tidings were brought me of the birth of a 
aughter ^ at Wotton, after six sons, in the same 
chamber I had first took breath in, and at the first 
day of that month, as I was on the last, 45 years 
before. 

^th. The monthly fast 

11th. To London, and went through the whole 
City, having occasion to alight out of the coach in 
several places about business of money, when I 
was environed with multitudes of poor pestiferous 
creatures b^^g alms : the shops universally shut 
up, a dreadml prospect I I dined with my Lord 
(general ; was to receive £10,000, and had guards 
to convey both myself and it, and so returned 
home, through God's infinite mercy. 

17th. I went to Gravesend ; next day to Chat- 
ham ; thence to Maidstone, in order to the march 
of 500 prisoners to Leeds Castle,^ which I had 
hired of Lord Colepeper. I was earnestly dedred 
by the learned Sir Koger Twisden, and Deputy- 
Lieutenants, to spare Maidstone from quartering 
any of my sick nock. Here, Sir Edward Brett 
sent me some horse to bring up the rear. This 
country, from Rochester to Maidstone and the 
Downs, is very agreeable for the prospect, 

21st. I came from Gravesend, where Sir J. 
Griffith, the Governor of the Fort, entertained me 
very handsomely. 

81^. I was this day 45 years of age, wonderfully 

^ [Mary Evelyn, d, l685 (see post, under 7th March, 1685, 
and infra, under 31st October)^ 

^ [Near Hollingboume in Kent> once the seat of the Cole- 
peper family. It now belongs to Mrs. Wykeham Martin.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 287 

preserved ; for which I blessed God for His infinite 
goodness towards me.^ 

28rd November. Went home, the contagion 
having now decreased considerably. 

27th. The Duke of Albemarle was going to 
Oxford, where both Court and Parliament had 
been most part of the summer. There was no 
small suspicion of my Lord Sandwich having per- 
mitted divers commanders, who were at the taking 
of the East India prizes, to break bulk, and to take 
to themselves jewels, silks, etc : though I believe 
some whom I could name filled their pockets, my 
Lord Sandwich himself had the least share. How- 
ever, he underwent the blame, and it created him 
enemies, and prepossessed the Lord General, for he 
spake to me of it with much zeal and concern, and 
I believe laid load enough on Lord Sandwich at 
Oxford. 

Sth December. To my Lord of Albemarle (now 
returned from Oxford), who was declared General 
at Sea, to the no small mortification of that 
excellent person the Earl of Sandwich, whom the 



^ [On the 5th November following — a Sunday — he was visited 
at Sayes Court by Pepys: — "By water to Deptford, and there 
made a visit to Mr. Evelyn^ who^ among other things^ showed me 
most excellent painting in little ; in distemper, Indian ink^ water- 
colours : graving ; and, above all, the whole secret of mezzotinto, 
and the manner of it, which is veiy pretty^ and good things done 
with it. He read to me very much also of his discourse, he hath 
been many years and now is about^ about Gardenage ; which will 
be a most noble and pleasant piece. He read me part of a play 
or two of his making, very good, but not as he conceits them, 
I think, to be. He showed me his Hortus Hyemalis ; leaves laid 
up in a book of several plants kept dry, which preserve colour, 
however, and look very finely, better than any herbal. In fine, 
a most excellent person he is, and must be allowed a little for a 
little conceitedness ; but he may well be so, being a man so 
much above others. He read me, though with too much gusto, 
some little poems of his own, that were not transcendent, yet 
one or two very pretty epigrams ; among others, of a lady looking 
in at a grate, and being pecked at by an eagle that was there. "J 



■^^ 



288 THE DIARY OF leeo 

Duke of Albemarle not only suspected fiaulty about 
the prizes, but less valiant ; himself imagining how 
easy a thing it were to confound the Hollanders, 
as well now as heretofore he fought against them 
upon a more disloyal interest. 

25th December. Kept Christmas with my hos- 
pitable brother, at Wotton. 

80th. To Woodcote,^ where I supped at my 
Lady Mordaunt's at Ashstead, where was a room 
hung wiih pintado,'^ fuU of figures great and small, 
prettily representing sundry trades and occupations 
of the Indians, with their habits ; here supped also 
Dr. Duke, a learned and facetious gentleman. 

81st. Now blessed be God for His extraordinary 
mercies and preservations of me this year, when 
thousands, and ten thousands, perished, and were 
swept avray on each side of me, there dying in our 
parish this year 406 of the pestilence I 

1665-6 : 8rd January. I supped in Nonsuch 
House,^ whither the office of the Exchequer was 

1 [His brother Ricbard's.] 

^ [Printed or stained chintz or calico, at this date imported 
finom the East Indies.] 

* Of this &moiis summer residence of Queen Elizabeth near 
Epsom not a vestige remains, but ^^the avenue planted with 
rows of fair elms." There is a small print of Nonsuch in Speed's 
Map of Surrey^ but a larger one is given by Hoefhagle in his 
Collection of Views , some in England, but cM^y abroad, Ljrsons 
has copied the latter in his rlnvirom of London, edit. 1796, 
153. Pepys mentions the Exchequer money being removed 
to Nonsuch in August^ 1665^ and describes the park and house 
as they appeared in September of the same year : — " Walked up 
and down the house and park ; and a fine place it hath hereto- 
fore been^ and a fine prospect about the house. A great walk 
of an elm and a walnut set one after another in order. And all 
the house on the outside filled with figures of stories, and good 
painting of Rubens' or Holbein's doing. And one great thing is, 
that most of the house is covered, I mean the posts and quarters 
in the walls, covered with lead, and gilded." The building was 
subsequently pulled down by its last possessor, the Duchess of 
Cleveland (Lady Castlemaine), and its contents dispersed. A 
modem structure has been raised near its site. 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 289 

transferred during the plague, at my good friend's 
Mr. Packer's/ and took an exact view of the plaster 
statues and basso -rilieoos inserted betwixt the 
timbers and puncheons of the outside walls of the 
Court ; which must needs have been the work of 
some celebrated Italian. I much admired how 
they had lasted so well and entire since the time of 
Henry VIII., exposed as they are to the air ; * and 
pity it is they are not taken out and preserved in 
some dry place; a gallery would become them. 
There are some mezzo-rilzevos as big as the life; 
the story is of the Heathen Gods, emblems, com- 
partments, etc. The palace consists of two courts, 
of which the first is of stone, castle like, by the 
Lord Lumleys (of whom it was purchased), the 
other of timber, a Gothic fabric, but these walls 
incomparably beautified. I observed that the 
appearing timber-puncheons, entrelices, etc, were 
aU so covered with scales of slate, that it seemed 
carved in the wood and painted, the slate fastened 
on the timber in pretty figures, that has, like a coat 
of armour, preserved it from rotting. There stand 
in the garden two handsome stone pyramids, and 
the avenue planted with rows of fitir elms, but the 
rest of these goodly trees, both of this and of 
Worcester Park* adjoining, were felled by those 
destructive and avaricious rebels in the late war, 
which defaced one of the stateliest seats his 
Majesty had. 

12th January. After much, and indeed extra- 
ordinary mirth and cheer, all jny brothers, our 
wives, and children, being together, and after much 
sorrow and trouble during this contagion, which 
separated our families as well as others, I returned 

^ [See poti, under 6th August, l674.] 
^ They are said to have been cast in lye-dough.] 
^ Worcester Park, once a part of Nonsuch Great Park, is now 
partiaUy built over.] 



240 THE DIARY OF im 

to my house, but my wife went back to WottoiL 
I not as yet willing to adventure her, the contagion, 
though exceedingly abated, not as yet wholly ex- 
tinguished amongst us. 

29th January. I went to wait on his Majesty, 
now returned nrom Oxford to Hampton - Court, 
where the Duke of Albemarle presented me to 
him; he ran towards me, and in a most gracious 
manner gave me his hand to kiss, with many 
thanks for my care and faithfulness in his service 
in a time of such great danger, when everybodv 
fled their employments ; he told me he was much 
obliged to me, and said he was several times con- 
cerned for me, and the peril I underwent, and 
did receive my service most acceptably (though 
in truth I did but do my duty, and O that I 
had performed it as I ou^ht!). After this, his 
Majesty was pleased to tdk with me alone, near 
an hour, of several particulars of my employ- 
ment, and ordered me to attend him again on the 
Thursday following at Whitehall Then the Duke 
came towards me, and embraced me with much 
kindness, telling me if he had thought my danger 
would have been so great, he would not have 
suffered his Majesty to employ me in that station. 
Then came to salute me my Lord of St Albans, 
Lord Arlington, Sir William Coventry, and several 
great persons ; ^ after which, I got home, not being 
very well in health. 

The Court was now in deep mourning for the 
French Queen-Mother.* 

2nd February. To London ; his Majesty now 
come to Whitehall, where I heard and saw my 
Lord Mayor (and brethren) make his speech of 
welcome, and the two Sheriffs were knighted. 

1 rSee anUy pp. 149, 227, and 232.] 

^ Anne of Austria, widow of Louis XIII., died 20th January, 
1666.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 241 

Qth February. My wife and family returned to 
me from the comitry, where they had been since 
August, by reason of the contagion, now almost 
universally ceasing. Blessed be God for His infinite 
mercy in preserving us I I, having gone through 
so much danger, and lost so many of my poor 
officers, escaping still myself that I might live to 
recount and magnify His goodness to me. 

%tJL I had another gracious reception by his 
Majesty, who called me into his bedchamber, to 
lay before and describe to him my project of 
an Infirmary, which I read to him, who, with 

Seat approbation, recommended it to his Royal 
ighness. 

20th. To the Commissioners of the Navy who, 
having seen the project of the Infirmary, encouraged 
the work, and were very earnest it should be set 
about immediately ; but I saw no money, though 
a very moderate expense would have saved thou- 
sands to his Majesty, and been much more com- 
modious for the cure and quartering of our sick 
and wounded, than the dispersing them into private 
houses, where many more chirurgeons and attend- 
ants were necessary, and the people tempted to 

debauchenr. 

21^^. Went to my Lord Treasurer for an assign- 
ment of £40,000 upon the two last quarters for 
support of the next year's charge. Next day, to 
Duke of Albemarle and Secretary of State, to 
desire them to propose it to the Council 

1^/ March To Liondon, and presented his 
Majesty my book intituled. The perrucUms Conse- 
quences of the new Heresy of the Jesuits against 
jKings and States.^ 

7th. Dr. Bancroft,' since Archbishop of Canter- 

^ See ante, p. 221. 

^ [Dr. William Sancroft, 1 617-93, at this date Dean of St. 
Paul's.] 

VOL. II E 



242 THE DIARY OF iw^ 

bury, preached before the Kmg about the identity 
and immutability of God, on Psalm cii. 27. 

18th March. To Chatham, to view a place de- 
signed for an Infirmary. 

IStk My charge now amounted to near £7000 
[weekly]. 

22nd. The Royal Society re - assembled, after 
the dispersion from the contagion. 

2m. Sent £2000 to Chatham. 

1st April. To London, to consult about ordering 
the natural rarities belonging to the Repository of 
the Royal Society ; referred to a Committee. 

10th. Visited Sir William D'Oyly,^ surprised 
with a fit of apoplexy, and in extreme danger. 

11/A. Dr. Bathurst^ preached before the Kin^, 
from "I say unto you all, watch" — a seasonable 
and most excellent discourse. When his Majesty 
came from chapel, he called to me in the lobby, and 
told me he must now have me sworn for a Justice 
of Peace (having long since made me of the Com- 
mission) ; which I declined as inconsistent with the 
other service I was engaged in, and humbly desired 
to be excused. After dinner, waiting on him, I 
gave him the first notice of the Spaniards refer- 
ring the umpirage of the peace betwixt them and 
Portugal to the French King, which came to me 
in a letter from France before the Secretaries of 
State had any news of it After this, his Majesty 
a^ain asked me if I had found out any able person 
about our parts that might supply my place of 
Justice of Peace (the office in the world I had most 
industriously avoided, in regard of the perpetual 

1 See ante, p. 218. Pepys records a wager which Sir William 
laid with him^ of " a poll of ling^ a brace of carps^ and a pottle 
of wine ; and Sir W. Pen, and Mr. Scowen to be at the eating 
of them" (Srd Jmie, l667). 

3 [Dr. Ralph Bathurst, 1620-1704, King's Chaplain, President 
of Trinity College, Cambridge, and later Dean of WeUs. There 
is a life of him by Thomas Warton.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 24» 

trouble thereof in these numerous parishes) ; on 
which I nominated one, whom the King com- 
manded me to give immediate notice of to my 
Lord Chancellor, and I should be excused; for 
which 1 rendered his Majesty many thanks. — From 
thence, 1 went to the Royal Society, where I was 
chosen by twenty-seven voices to be one of their 
Council for the ensuing year ; but, upon my earnest 
suit in respect of my other affairs, I got to be 
excused — and so home. 

15th April Our parish was now more infected 
with the plague than ever, and so was all the 
country about, though almost quite ceased at 
London. 

2Uh. To London about our Mint-Commission, 
and sat in the inner Court of Wards. 

8th May. To Queenborough, where finding the 
Richmond frigate, I sailed to the Buoy of the Nore 
to my Lord General and Prince Rupert, where was 
the rendezvous of the most glorious fleet in the 
world, now preparing to meet the Hollander. — 
Went to visit my cousin, Hales,^ at a sweetly- 
watered place at Chilston, near Bockton [Boughton 
Malherbe]. The next morning, to Leeds Castle, 
once a famous hold, now hired by me of my Lord 
Colepeper for a prison.* Here I flowed the dry 
moa^ made a new drawbridge, brought spring 
water into the court of the Castle to an old fountam,. 
and took order for the repairs. 

22nd. Waited on my Lord Chancellor at his 
new palace" and Lord Berkeley's;* built next 
to it 

1 FEdward Hales.] « [See ante, p. ^S6.] 

8 [In Piccadilly (see ante, p. 214).] 

* John Berkeley, first Baron Berkeley of Stratton (Stratton 
Fight), d. 1678. He was Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in 1670-72, 
and Ambassador to France in 1676-77. His new house, next to 
the Lord Chancellor's, was well known as Berkeley House — ^the 
neighbourhood of Piccadilly being the then fisivourite locality for 



244 THE DIARY OF 1666 

2Uh May. Dined with Lord Combury,^ now 
made Lord Chamberlain to the Queen ; who kept 
a very honourable table. 

1^ June. Being in my garden at six o'clock in 
the evening, and hearing the great guns go thick 
ofi» I took horse and rode that night to Rochester ; 
thence, next day towards the Downs and sea-coast, 
but meeting the Lieutenant of the Hampshire 
frigate, who told me what passed, or rather what 
had not passed, I returned to London, there being 
no noise, or appearance, at Deal, or on that coast 
of any engagement. Recounting this to his 
Majesty, whom I found at St. James's Park, im- 
patiently expecting, and knowing that IVince 
Rupert was loose MK>ut three at St. Helen's Point 
at N. of the Isle of Wight, it greatiy rejoiced him ; 
but he was astonished when I assured him they 
heard nothmg of the guns in the Downs, nor did 
the Lieutenant who landed there by five that 
morning. 

9rd. Whit-Sunday. After sermon came news 
that the Duke of Albemarle was still in fight, and 
had been all Saturday, and that Captain Harman's 
ship (the Henry) was like to be burnt. Then a 
letter from Mr. Bertie that Prince Rupert was 
come up with his squadron (according to my former 
advice of his being loose and in the way), and put 
new courage into our fleet, now in a manner yield- 
ing ground; so that now we were chasing the 
chasers ; that the Duke of Albemarle was slightly 
wounded, and the rest still in great danger. So, 
having been much wearied with my journey, I 
slipped home, the guns still roaring very fiercely. 

what £vel3m styles '^new palaces." It was afterwards bought 
by the first Duke of Devonshure, who died here in 1707. Id 
1733 it was burned down^ and rebuilt by William Kent for the 
third Duke (see post, under 25th September^ 1672). 
^ [See anU, p. 214.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 245 

&th Jwie. I went this morning to London, where 
came several particulars of the fight.^ 

Qth Came Sir Daniel Harvey from the 
Greneral, and related the dreadful encounter, on 
which his Majesty commanded me to despatch an 
extraordinary physician and more chirurgeons. It 
was on the solemn Fast-day when the news came ; 
his Majesty being in the chapel made a sudden 
stop to hear the relation, which being with much 
advantage on our side, his Majesty commanded 
that public thanks should immediately be given as 
for a victory. The Dean of the chapel going down 
to give notice of it to the other Dean officiating ; 
and notice was likewise sent to St. Faults and 
Westminster -Abbey. But this was no sooner 
over, than news came that our loss was very great 
both in ships and men ; that the Prince frigate was 
burnt, and as noble a vessel of 90 brass guns lost ; 
and the taking of Sir Greorge Ayscue, and exceed- 
ing shattering of both fleets; so as both being 
obstinate, boui parted rather for want of ammuni- 
tion and tackle than courage ; our General retreat- 
ing like a lion ; which exceedingly abated of our 
former joy. There was, however, orders given for 
bonfires and bells ; but, God knows, it was rather 
a deliverance than a triumph. So much it pleased 
God to humble our late over- confidence that 
nothing could withstand the Duke of Albemarle, 
who, in good truth, made too forward a reckoning 
of his success now, because he had once beaten the 
Dutch in another quarrel ; and being ambitious 
to outdo the Earl of Sandwich, whom he had 
prejudicated as deficient in courage. 

1th. 1 sent more chirurgeons, linen, medica- 
ments, etc, to the several ports in my district. 

^ [This was the four days' fight in the Downs between Monck 
and rrince Rupert and the Dutch, in which the victory waa 
doubtful.] 



246 THE DIARY OF 1666 

%th June. Dined with me Sir Alexander Fraizer,^ 
prime physician to his Majesty ; afterwards, went 
on board his Majesty's pleasure-boat, when I saw 
the London frigate launched, a most stately ship, 
built by the City to supply liiat which was burnt 
by accident some time since;' the King, Lord 
Mayor and Sheriffs, being there with great banquet. 

ll^A. Trinity Monday, after a sermon, applied 
to the re-meeting of the Corporation of the Trinity- 
House, after the late ra^ng and wasting pestilence : 
I dined with them in their new room m Deptford, 
the first time since it was rebuilt* 

l&th. I went to Chatham. — IQth. In the Jemmy 
yacht (an incomparable sailer) to sea, arrived by 
noon at the fleet at the Buoy at the Nore, dined 
with Prince Rupert and the General 

nth. Came his Majesty, the Duke, and many 
noblemen. After Council, we went to prayws. 
My business being despatched, I returned to 
Chatham, having lain but one night in the Royal 
Charles \^ we had a tempestuous sea. I went on 
shore at Sheerness, where they were building an 
arsenal for the fleet, and designing a royal fort 
with a receptacle for great ships to ride at anchor ; 
but here I beheld the sad spectacle, more than half 
that gallant bulwark of the kingdom miserably 
shattered, hardly a vessel entire, but appearing 
rather so many wrecks and hulls, so crueUy had 
the Dutch mangled us. The loss of the Prince^ 
that gallant vessel, had been a loss to be universally 
deplored, none knowing for what reason we first 
engaged in this ungrateful war; we lost besides 
nine or ten more, and near 600 men slain and 
1100 wounded, 2000 prisoners; to balance which, 

1 [See anU, p. 201.] « [See ante, p. 225.] 

" [This was pulled down in 1787; but the G>rporation had 
previously moved to London. Its present home is on Tower 
Hill.] 4 [See pott, under 8th June, l667.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 247 

perhaps we might destroy eighteen or twenty of 
the enemy's ships, and 700 or 800 poor men. 

ISth June. Weary of this sad sight, I returned 
home. 

2iid July. Came Sir John Duncombe^ and Mr. 
Thomas Chicheley,* both Privy Councillors and 
Commissioners of His Majesty's Ordnance, to visit 
me, and let me know that his Majesty had in 
Council nominated me to be one of tiie Com- 
missioners for r^ulating the farming and making 
of saltpetre through the whole kingdom, and that 
we were to sit in tiie Tower the next day. When 
they were gone, came to see me Sir John Cotton," 
heir to the famous antiquary, Sir Robert Cotton : 
a pretended great Grecian, but had by no means 
the parts, or genius of his grandfather. 

8rd. I went to sit with the Commissioners at 
the Tower, where our Commission being read, we 
made some progress in business, our Secretary 
being Sir George Wharton, that famous mathe- 
matician who wrote the yearly Almanack during 
his Majesty's troubles.* Thence, to Painters' Hall, 
to our other commission, and dined at my Lord 
Mayor's. 

4dh. The solemn Fast -day. Dr. Meggot* 
preached an excellent discourse before the King 

^ '^Duncomb was a judicious man^ but veiy haughty, and 
apt to raise enemies against himself. He was an able Parliament 
man : but could not go into all the designs of the Court ; for he 
had a sense of religion^ and a zeal for the liberty of his country " 
(Burnet's Hist, of His Otvn Times y 1724, i. 265). 

2 [Thomas Chicheley, 1 618-94; knighted in l670. He was 
Master-General of the Ordnance, 1670-74 ; and also, as £vel3m 
tells us, a member of the Privy Council.] 

^ [See ante, vol. i. p. 91 ; and post, under 12th March, l668.] 

* [George Wharton, l6 17-81. He was created baronet in 
1677. He issued his Almanac from l641 to l666. From l660 
to l681 he was paymaster of the Ordnance Office.] 

* [Dr. Richard Meggot, d, l692 ; afterwards Dean of Win- 
chester (see post, under l6th September, l685).] 



248 THE DIARY OF 1660 

on the terrors of God's judgments. After sermon, 
I waited on my Lord Archbishop of Canterbury 
and Bishop of Winchester, where the Dean of 
Westminster spoke to me about putting into my 
hands the disposal of fifty pounds, which the 
charitable people of Oxford had sent to be dis- 
tributed among the sick and wounded seamen since 
the battle. Hence, I went to the Lord Chancellor's 
to joy him of his Royal Highness's second son, 
now bom at St. James's ; and to desire the use of 
the Star-chamber for our Commissioners to meet 
in. Painters' Hall not being so convenient. 

12th July. We sat the first time in the Star- 
chamber.^ There was now added to our commis- 
sion Sir George Downing' (one that had been a 
great . . . against his Majesty, but now msinuated 
into his favour ; and, from a pedagogue and fanatic 
preacher, not worth a groat, had become excessively 
rich), to inspect the hospitals and treat about 
prisons. 

l^th. Sat at the Tower with Sir J. Duncombe ^ 
and Lord Berkeley,^ to sign deputations for under- 
takers to furnish their proportions of saltpetre. 

17th. To London, to prepare for the next 
engagement of the fleets, now gotten to sea again. 

22nd. Our parish still infected with the contagion. 

25th. The fleets engaged. I dined at Lord 

]At the end of Westminster Hall.] 

George Downing, 1623-84, Secretary to the Treasury, 
and G>mmissioner of the Customs. He had been recently made 
a baronet (l66S), and was now a zealous courtier; uiough, 
during the Commonwealth, as Cromwell's Resident in Holland, 
he had been no less zealous a republican. He subsequently 
went to Holland as Ambassador from the King. To him belongs 
the credit of having engaged Pepys about the year l659> as one 
of the clerks in a department of the Exchequer then under his 
management. For his character, of which Evelyn speaks as we 
see, and Pepys leaves a somewhat doubtful impression, see Lord 
Cliurendon's Life, 

8 [See ante, p. 247.] * [See ante, p. 24S.] 



1 [At 
« Sir 



im JOHN EVELYN 249 

Berkeley's, at St James's, where dined my Lady 
Harrietta Hyde, Lord Arlington, and Sir John 
Duncombe.^ 

29th July. The pestilence now fresh increasing 
in our parish, I foroore going to church. In the 
afternoon came tidings of our victory over the 
Dutch, sinking some, and driving others aground, 
and into their ports.^ 

1^ AtLgust. I went to Dr. Keffler, who married 
the daughter of the famous chemist, Drebbell,^ 
inventor of the bodied scarlet I went to see his 
iron ovens, made portable (formerly) for the Prince 
of Orange's army : supped at the Rhenish Wine- 
House * with divers Scots gentlemen. 

Qth. Dined with Mr. JPovey, and then went 
with him to see a country house he had bought 
near Brentford ; * returning by Kensington ; which 
house stands to a very graceful avenue of trees, but 
it is an ordinary building, especially one part 

Sth Dined at Sir Stephen Fox's ^ with several 

1 [See anie, p. 247.1 

2 [This was the defeat off the North Foreland on 25th July, 
when the Dutch were chased into their harbours.] 

' Cornelius van Drebbell, 1572-1634. He was famous for 
other discoveries in science besides that mentioned by Evelyn 
— the most important of which was the thermometer. He also 
made improvements in microscopes and telescopes ; and though 
somethii^ of an empiric, possessed a considerable knowledge of 
chemistry and of different branches of natural philosophy. 

* [Probably the Rhenish Wine House in Channel or Cannon 
Row, where Dorset afterwards found Prior reading Horace 
(cf. Pepys' Diary, SOth July, l660).] 

^ [See ante, p. 211. This country house, situated near 
Hounslow, was called the Priory.l 

« Sir Stephen Fox, l627-l7l6. He was knighted in 1665, 
made Clerk of the Green Cloth, and Paymaster of the Forces by 
Charles H. He was father of the first Earl of Ilchester, and of 
the first Baron Holland, and grandfather of Charles James Fox. 
He projected Chelsea College — the honour of which has gener- 
ally been attributed to Nell Gwyn. He also founded a new 
church and a set of alms-houses at his seat, Farley, in Wilts. 
(See post, under 6th September, l680.) 



250 THE DIARY OF ims 

friends and, on the 10th, with Mr. Oudart,^ 
Secretary of the Latin tongue. 

17th August. Dined with the Lord Chancellor, 
whom I intreated to visit the Hospital of the Savoy,* 
and reduce it (after the great abuse that had been 
continued) to its original institution for the benefit 
of the poor, which he promised to do. 

25th. Waited on Sir William D'Oyly, now 
recovered, as it were, miraculously.' In the after- 
noon, visited the Savoy Hospital, where I stayed 
to see the miserably dismembered and wounded 
men dressed, and gave some necessary orders. 
Then to my Lord Chancellor, who had, with 
the Bishop of London and others in the com- 
mission,^ chosen me one of the three surveyors 
of the repairs of Paul's, and to consider of a model 
for the new building, or, if it might be, repairing 
of the steeple, which was most decayed. 

26th. The contagion still continuing, we had 
the Church-service at home. 

27th. I went to St Paul's church, where, with 
Dr. Wren, Mr. Pratt,* Mr. May,* Mr. Thomas 
Chicheley,^ Mr. Slingsby,® the Bishop of London,^ 
the Dean of St. Paul's,^^ and several expert work- 
men, we went about to survey the general decays 
of that ancient and venerable church, and to set 
down in writing the particulars of what was fit to 
be done, with the charge thereof, giving our opinion 

1 [See ante, p. 21S.1 « [See ante, p. 229.] 

» 'See ante, p. 242.J 

^ [The Commission of restoration dated from April, 1663. 
But the destruction of the building in the Great Fire put an end 
to its labours.] 

^ [See ante, p. 102. Pratt was the architect of Clarendon 
House.] 



6 
8 

10 



See atUe, p. 214.^ 
[See ante, p. 194.1 
'Dr. Henchman (see ante, p. 141).] 



7 [See ante, p. 247.] 



Dr. Sancroft^ afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury (see 
ante, p. 241). 



R 



9 



J- 
ed 
.ed 
i& 
itb 

Bl- 
ots 

del 
H 

1X1 

Tth 

itk- 
if 

set 
to 



60- 



(S« 



16M JOHN EVELYN 251 

from article to article. Finding the main building 
to recede outwards, it was the opinion of Chicheley 
and Mr. Pratt that it had been so built ab origine 
for an effect in perspective, in regard of the height ; 
but I was, with Dr. Wren, quite of another judg- 
ment, and so we entered it; we plumbed the 
uprights in several places. When we came to the 
steeple,^ it was deliberated whether it were not 
well enough to repair it only on its old founda- 
tion, with reservation to the four pillars ; this Mr. 
Chicheley and Mr. Pratt were also for, but we 
totally rejected it, and persisted that it required a 
new foundation, not only in regard of the necessity, 
but for that the shape of what stood was very 
mean, and we had a mind to build it with a noble 
cupola, a form of church-building not as yet known 
in England, but of wonderful grace. For this 
purpose, we offered to bring in a plan and estimate, 
which, after much contest, was at last assented 
to, and that we should nominate a committee 
of able workmen to examine the present founda- 
tion. This concluded, we drew all up in writ- 
ing, and so went with my Lord Bishop to the 
Dean's. 

2%th August. Sat at the Star-chamber. Next 
day, to the Royal Society, where one Mercator,* an 
excellent mathematician, produced his rare clock 
and new motion to perform the equations, and Mr. 
Rooke, his new pendulum.' 

^ [The steeple had been taken down in l651 and never 
effectively restored.] 

^ Nicholas Mercator, l640-87> the mathematician^ not to be 
confounded with his namesake, the inventor of Mercator's Pro- 
jection. After the Restoration, he settled in England, where his 
scientific attainments procured him the honour of being elected a 
Fellow of the Royal Society. 

^ Laurence Rooke, 1622-62, was Astronomy, and subsequently 
Geometry, Professor of Gresham College. He assisted in the 
formation of the Royal Society. 



252 THE DIARY OF i66« 

2nd September. This fatal night, about ten, 
began the deplorable fire, near Fish-street, in 
London.^ 

8rcL I had public prayers at home. The fire 
continuing, after dinner, I took coach with my 
wife and son, and went to the Bankside in South- 
wark, where we beheld that dismal spectacle, the 
whole city in dreadful flames near the water-side ; 
all the houses from the Bridge, all Thames-street, 
and upwards towards Cheapside, down to the Three 
Cranes,' were now consumed; and so returned, 
exceeding astonished what would become of the 
rest 

The fire having continued all this night (if I may 
call that night which was liffht as day for ten miles 
round about, after a dreadful manner), when con- 
spuring with a fierce eastern wind in a very dry 
season, I went on foot to the same place ; and saw 
the whole south part of the City burning fix>m 
Cheapside to the Thames, and all along ComhiU 
(for it likewise kindled back against the wind as 
well as forward). Tower-street, Fenchurch-street, 
Gracious-street,' and so along to Baynard's Castle, 
and was now taking hold of St. Paul's church, to 
which the scaffolds contributed exceedingly. The 
conflagration was so universal, and the people so 
astonished, that, from the begmning, I know not 
by what despondency, or fate, they hardly stirred 
to quench it; so that there was nothing heard, 
or seen, but crying out and lamentation, running 
about like distracted creatures, without at aU 
attempting to save even their goods ; such a strange 
consternation there was upon them, so as it burned 
both in breadth and length, the churches, public 

^ [It began^ soon after midnight^ on Saturday, 1st September, 
and continued until the 6th.] 
2 rin the Vintry.] 
* Now Gracechurch Street. 



16M JOHN EVELYN 258 

halls. Exchange, hospitals, monuments, and orna- 
ments; leapmg after a prodigious manner, from 
house to house, and street to street, at great 
distances one from the other. For the heat, with 
a long set of fair and warm weather, had even 
ignited the air, and prepared the materials to con- 
ceive the fire, which devoured, after an incredible 
manner, houses, furniture, and everything. Here, 
we saw the Thames covered with goods floating, 
all the barges and boats laden with what some had 
time and courage to save, as, on the other side, the 
carts, etc., carrying out to the fields, which for 
many miles were strewed with movables of all sorts, 
and tents erecting to shelter both people and what 
goods they could get away. Oh, the miserable and 
calamitous spectacle 1 such as haply the world had 
not seen since the foundation of it, nor be out- 
done till the universal conflagration thereof. All 
the sky was of a fiery aspect, like the top of a 
burning oven, and the light seen above forty miles 
round-about for many nights. God grant mine 
eyes may never behold the like, who now saw 
above 10,000 houses all in one flame 1 The noise 
and cracking and thunder of the impetuous flames, 
the shrieking of women and children, the hurry of 
people, the fall of towers, houses, and churches, 
was like a hideous storm ; and the air all about so 
hot and inflamed, that at the last one was not able 
to approach it, so that they were forced to stand 
still, and let the flames biUTi on, which they did, 
for near two miles in length and one in breadth. 
The clouds also of smoke were dismal, and reached, 
upon computation, near fifty miles in length. Thus, 
I left it this afternoon burning, a resemblance of 
Sodom, or the last day. It forcibly called to my 
mind that passage — rum eium hie habemus stabilem 
civitatem : the rums resembling the picture of Troy. 
London was, but is no more 1 Thus, I returned. 



254 THE DIARY OF 



1669 



Uh September. The burning stiD rages, and it is 
now gotten as far as the Inner Temple. All Fleet- 
street, the Old Bailey, Lud^ate-hill, Warwick-lane, 
Newgate, Paul's-chain, Wauing-street, now flaming, 
and most of it reduced to ashes ; the stones of PauTs 
flew like grenadoes, the melting lead running down 
the streets in a stream, and the very pavements 
glowing with fiery redness, so as no horse, nor man, 
was able to tread on them, and the demolition had 
stopped all the passages, so that no help could be 
appbed. The eastern wind still more impetuously 
driving the flames forward. Nothing but the 
Almighty power of God was able to stop them ; 
for vain was the help of man. 

5th. It crossed towards Whitehall; but oh I 
the confusion there was then at that Court I 
It pleased his Majesty to command me, among 
the rest, to look after the quenching of Fetter- 
lane end, to preserve (if possible) that part of 
Holbom, whilst the rest of the gentlemen took 
their several posts, some at one part, and some at 
another (for now they began to bestir themselves, 
and not till now, who hitherto had stood as men 
intoxicated, with their hands across), and began to 
consider that nothing was likely to put a stop but 
the blowing up of so many houses as m^ht make 
a wider gap than any had yet been made by the 
ordinary method of pulling them down with 
engines. This some stout seamen proposed early 
enough to have saved near the whole City, but 
this some tenacious and avaricious men, aldermen, 
etc., would not permit, because their houses must 
have been of tne first. It was, therefore, now 
commended to be practised ; and my concern being 
particularly for the Hospital of St Bartholomew, 
near Smithfield, where I had many wounded and 
sick men, made me the more diligent to promote 
it ; nor was my care for the Savoy less. It now 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 255 

pleased God, by abating the wind, and by the 
industry of the people, when almost all was lost 
infusing a new spirit into them, that the fury of it 
began sensibly to abate about noon, so as it came 
no farther than the Temple westward, nor than 
the entrance of Smithfield, north : but continued 
all this day and night so impetuous towards 
Cripplegate and the Tower, as made us all despair. 
It also brake out again in the Temple; but the 
courage of the multitude persisting, and many 
houses being blown up, such gaps and desolations 
were soon made, as, with the former three days' 
consumption, the back fire did not so vehemently 
urge upon the rest as formerly. There was yet no 
standing near the bummg and glowing ruins by 
near a mrlong's space. 

The coal and wood wharfs, and magazines of 
oil, rosin, etc, did infinite mischief, so as the 
invective which a little before I had dedicated to 
his Majesty and published,^ giving warning what 
probably might be the issue of sufiering those 
shops to be in the City was looked upon as a 
prophecy. 

The poor inhabitants were dispersed about St. 
George's Fields, and Moorfields, as far as High- 
gate, and several miles in circle, some under 
tents, some under miserable huts and hovels, 
many without a ra^, or any necessary utensils, 
bed or board, who from delicateness, riches, and 
easy accommodations in stately and well-furnished 
houses, were now reduced to extremest misery and 
poverty. 

In this calamitous condition, I returned with a 
sad heart to my house, blessing and adoring the 
distinguishing mercy of God to me and mine, who, 
in the midst of all this ruin, was like Lot, in my 
little Zoar, safe and sound. 

1 Fundfitgium (see ante, p. 173). 



256 THE DIARY OF 16M 

6th September. Thursday. I represented to his 
Majesty the case of the French prisoners at war in 
my custody, and besought him tnat there might be 
still the same care of watching at all places con- 
tiguous to unseized houses. It is not indeed 
imaginable how extraordinary the vigilance and 
activity of the King and the Duke was, even 
labouring in person, and being present to command, 
order, rewara, or encourage workmen; by which 
he showed his affection to his people, and gained 
theirs. Having, then, disposed of some under 
cure at the Savoy, I returned to Whitehall, where 
I dined at Mr. Offley's,^ the groom-porter, who was 
my relation. 

7/A. I went this morning on foot from White- 
hall as far as London Bridge, through the late 
Fleet-street, Ludgate-hill by St Paul's, Cheapside, 
Exchange, Bishopsgate, Aldersgate, and out to 
Moorfields, thence through Cornhill, etc., with 
extraordinary difficulty, clambering over heaps of 
yet smoking rubbish, and frequently mistaking 
where I was: the ground under my feet so hot, 
that it even burnt the soles of my shoes. In the 
meantime, his Majesty got to the Tower by water, 
to demolish the houses about the graff, which, 
being built entirely about it, had they taken fire 
and attacked the White Tower, where the magazine 
of powder lay, would undoubtedly not only have 
beaten down and destroyed all the bridge, but sunk 
and torn the vessels in the river, and rendered the 
demolition beyond all expression for several miles 
about the country. 

At my return, I was infinitely concerned to find 
that goodly Church, St Paul's — now a sad ruin, 
and that beautiful portico (for structure comparable 
to any in Europe, as not long before repaired by 

^ [See ante, p. 6.] 



i 



i.,» 2 



Igil' 



iw JOHN EVELYN 257 

the late King) ^ now rent in pieces, flakes of vast 
stone split asunder, and nothing remaining entire 
but the inscription in the architrave, showing by 
whom it was built, which had not one letter of it 
defaced 1 It was astonishing to see what immense 
stones the heat had in a manner calcined, so that 
all the ornaments, columns, friezes, capitals, and 
projectures of massy Portland stone, flew off^, even 
to the very roof, where a sheet of lead covering a 
great space (no less than six acres by measure) was 
totally melted. The ruins of the vaulted roof 
felling, broke into St Faith's, which being filled 
with the ma^izines of books belonging to the 
Stationers, and carried thither for safety, they were 
all consumed, burning for a week following. It is 
also observable that the lead over the altar at the 
east end was untouched, and among the divers 
monuments the body of one bishop remained 
entire. Thus lay in ashes that most venerable 
church, one of the most ancient pieces of early 

Eiety in the Christian world, besides near one 
undred more. The lead, iron-work, bells, plate, 
etc, melted, the exquisitely wrought Mercers' 
Chapel, the sumptuous Exchange, the august 
fabric of Christ Church, all the rest of the 
Companies' Halls, splendid buildings, arches, 
entries, all in dust; tne fountains dried up and 
ruined, whilst the very waters remained boiling; 
the voragos of subterranean cellars, wells, and 
dungeons, formerly warehouses, still burning in 
fitench and dark clouds of smoke ; so that in five 
or six miles traversing about I did not see one load 
of timber unconsumed, nor many stones but what 
were calcined white as snow. 

The people, who now walked about the ruins, 

^ [Inigo Jones's classic portico, 200 feet long^ 40 feet higb> 
and 50 feet deep, which was an instaknent of the new St. Paul's 
contemplated by Charles I.] 

VOL. II S 



258 THE DIARY OF im 

appeared like men in some dismal desert, or rather, 
in some great city laid waste by a cruel enemy ; 
to which was added the stench that came from some 
poor creatures' bodies, beds, and other combustible 
goods. Sir Thomas Gresham's statue, though fallen 
nrom its niche in the Royal Exchange, remained 
entire, when all those of the Kings since the 
Conquest were broken to pieces. Also the standard 
in Cornhill, and Queen Elizabeth's effigies, with 
some arms on Ludgate, continued with but little 
detriment, whilst the vast iron chains of the City- 
streets, hinges, bars, and gates of prisons, were 
many of them melted and reduced to cinders by 
the vehement heat Nor was I yet able to pass 
through any of the narrow streets, but kept the 
widest; the ground and air, smoke and fiery 
vapour, continued so intense, that my hair was 
almost singed, and my feet unsufferably surbated.^ 
The by-lanes and narrow streets were quite filled 
up with rubbish; nor could one have possibly 
known where he was, but by the ruins of some 
Church, or Hall, that had some remarkable tower, 
or pinnacle remaimng. 

1 then went towards Islington and Highgate, 
where one might have seen 200,000 people of all 
ranks and d^rees dispersed, and lying along by 
their heaps of what they could save from the fire, 
deploring their loss ; and, though ready to perish 
for hunger and destitution, yet not asking one 
penny for relief, which to me appeared a stranger 
sight than any I had yet beheld. His Majesty and 
Council indeed .took all imaginable care for their 
relief, by proclamation for the country to come in, 
and refresh them with provisions. 

In the midst of all this calamity and confusion, 
there was, I know not how, an alarm begun that 
the French and Dutch, with whom we were now 

* [Worn and bruised^ — a farrier's word.] 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 259 

in hostility, were not only landed, but even enter- 
ing the City. There was, in truth, some days 
before, great suspicion of those two nations join- 
ing ; and now that they had been the occasion of 
firing the town. This report did so terrify, that 
on a sudden there was such an uproar and tumult 
that they run from their goods, and, taking what 
weapons they could come at, they could not be 
stopped from falling on some of those nations 
whom they casually met, without sense or reason* 
The clamour and peril grew so excessive, that it 
made the whole Court amazed, and they did with 
infinite pains and great difficulty, reduce and 
appease the people, sending troops of soldiers and 
guards, to cause them to retire into the fields again, 
where they were watched all this night. I left 
them pretty quiet, and came home sufficiently 
weary and broken. Their spirits thus a Uttle 
calmed, and the affright abated, they now b^an 
to repair into the suburbs about the City, where 
such as had friends, or opportunity, got shelter for 
the present; to which his Majesty's proclamation 
also invited them.^ 

^ Subjoined is the Ordinance to which Evelyn alludes^ as 
reprinted by Bray from the original half-sheet in black letter : 

Charlbb R. 
His Majesty in his princely compassion and very tender care^ taking- 
into consideratiou tbe distressed condition of many of his good subjects^ 
whom the late dreadful and dismal fire hath made destitute of habita- 
tions^ and exposed to many exigencies and necessities; for present 
remedy and redresse whereof, his Majesty intending to five further 
testimony and evidences of his grace and &vour towards them, as 
occasion shall arise, hath thought fit to declare and nubhsh his ro3ral 
pleasure. That as great proportions of bread and all other provisions 
as can possibly be fumisnea, shall be daily and constantly brought, 
not onely to the markets formerly in use, but also to such markets as 
by his Majesties late order and declaration to the Lord Mayor and 
Snerife of London and Middlesex have been appointed and ordained, 
VIM, Clerkenwell, Islington, Finsbury- fields. Mile-end Green, and 
Ratclif ; his Majesty being sensible that this will be for the benefit 
also of the towns and places adjo3ming, as being the best expedient to 
prevent the resort of such persons thereunto as may pilfer and disturb 
them. And whereas also divers of the said distressed persons have 



260 THE DIARY OF im 

Still, the plague continuing in our parish, j 
could not, without danger, adventure to our 
church. 

10th September. I went again to the ruins ; for 
it was now no longer a city. 

18/A. I presented his Maiesty with a survey 
of the ruins, and a plot for a new City,* with 

saved and preserved their goods^ which nevertheless they know not how 
to dispose of^ it is his Majesties pleasure, that all Churches, Chapels, 
Sohoou, and other like publick places, shall be free and open to receive 
the said goods, when thev shall oe brought to be there laid. And all 
Justices of the Peace witnin the several Counties of Middlesex. Essex, 
and Surrey, are to see the same to be done accordingly. And likewise 
that all cities and towns whatsoever shall without any contradiction 
receive the said distressed persons, and permit them to the free exercise 
of their manual trades ; nis Majesty resolving and promising, that 
when the present exi^nt shall be passed over, ne will take such care 
and order, that the said persons shall be no burthen to their towns, or 

S Irishes. And it is his Majesties pleasure, that this his deduction be 
rthwith published, not only bv the 8heri& of London and Middlesex, 
but also by all other Sheri&, Mayon, and other chief officers, in their 
respective precincts and limits, and by the constables in every parish. 
And of this his Majesties pleasure all persons concerned are to take 
notice, and thereunto to give due obeaience to the utmost of their 
power, as they will answer the contrary at their peril. Given at our 
Court at Whitehall, the fifth day of September, in the eighteenUi year of 
oar reign, one thousand six hundred sixty-six. God save the King. 

^ Evelyn has preserved his letter to Sir Samuel Tuke, on the 
subject of the fire, and his scheme for re-building the City. Part 
of his plan was to lessen the declivities, and to employ the 
rubbish in filling up the shore of the Thames to low-water mark, 
so as to keep the basin alwa3rs full. In another letter to Mr. 
Oldenburg, Secretary to the Royal Society, dated 22nd December, 
1666, he says, after mentioning his having presented his reflec- 
tions on rebuilding the City to his Majesty, that *^ the want of a 
more exact plot, wherein I might have marked what the fire 
had spared, and accommodated my designe to the remaining 
parts, made me take it as a rasa tabula, and to forme mine idea 
thereof accordingly : I have since lighted upon Mr. Hollar's late 
plan, which lookii^ upon as the most accurate hitherto extant, 
has caus'd me something to alter what I had so crudely don, 
though for the most part I still persist in my former discourse, 
and wiche I here send you as compleate as an imperfect copy will 
give me leave, and the suppliment of an ill memory, for since 
UkBt tyme I hiurdly ever looked on it, and it was finish'd within 
two or three dayes after the Incendium." The plans were after- 
wards printed by the Society of Antiquaries, and have been 



MM JOHN EVELYN 261 

a discourse on it ; whereupon, after dinner, his 
Majesty sent for me into the Queen's bedchamber, 
her Majesty and the Duke only being present. 
They examined each particular, and discoursed on 
them for near an hour, seeming to be extremely 
pleased with what I had so early thought on. 
The Queen was now in her cavalier riding-habit, 
hat and feather, and horseman's coat, going to take 
the air. 

16th September. I went to Greenwich Church, 
where Mr. Plume preached very well from this 
text: "Seeing therefore all these things shall be 
dissolved," etc : taking occasion from the late un- 
paralleled conflagration to mind us how we ought 
to walk more holy in all manner of conversation. 

27th. Dmed at Sur William D'Oyly's,^ with 
that worthy gentleman. Sir John Holland, of 
Suffolk. 

10/A October. This day was ordered a general 
Fast through the Nation, to humble us on the 
late dreadful conflagration, added to the plague 
and war, the most dismal judgments that could be 
inflicted ; but which indeed we highly deserved for 
our prodigious ingratitude, burning lusts, dissolute 
couit, profane and abominable lives, under such 
dispensations of God's continued favour in restor- 
ing Church, Prince, and people from our late 
intestine calamities, of which we were altogether 
unmindful, even to astonishment. This made me 
resolve to go to our parish assembly, where our 
Doctor preached on Luke xix. 41 : piously apply- 
ing it to the occasion. After which, was a collec- 
tion for the distressed losers in the late fire. 

engraved in different histories of London. [That by Hollar above 
referred to must have been the " Map or Ground Plott of the 
Qtty of London^ with the Suburbes thereof ... by which is 
exactly demonstrated the present condition since the last sad 
accident by fire ; ... W. Hollar, f. 1666. Cum PrmUgio RegU'\ 
^ [See ante^ p. 218.] 



262 THE DIARY OF im 

ISth October. To Court It being the first 
time his Maiesty put himself solemnly into the 
Eastern fisishion of vest, changing doublet, stiff 
collar, bands and cloak, into a comely dress, after 
the Persian mode, with girdles or straps, and shoe- 
strings and garters into buckles, of which some were 
set with precious stones,^ resolving never to alter it, 
and to leave the French mode, which had hitherto 
obtained to our great expense and reproach. Upon 
which, divers courtiers and gentlemen gave his 
Majesty gold by way of wager that he would not 
persist in this resolution* I had sometime before 
presented an invective against that unconstancy, 
and our so much affecting the French fashion, to 
his Majesty ; in which I took occasion to describe 
the comeliness and usefulness of the Persian 
clothing, in the very same manner his Majesty now 
clad himself. This pamphlet I entitled TyrannuSf 
or the Mode, and gave it to the King to read.^ I 

^ [Rugge, in his Diumal, thus describes this new costume : — 
^^ idoiSj October 11. In this month His Majestic and whole 
Court changed the fashion of their clothes — viz., a close coat of 
cloth, pinkt with a white taffety mider the cutts. This in length 
reached the calf of the leg, and upon that a sercoat cutt at the 
breast, which hung loose and shorter than the vest six inches. 
The breeches the Spanish cut, and buskins some of cloth, some 
of leather, but of the same colour as the vest or garment ; of 
never the like £ftshion since William the Conqueror." There is 
no portrait of Charles II. so accoutred ; but the dress is shown 
in a picture by Lelj of Lord Arlington engraved in Lodge's 
lUustfiotu Persons. Pepjs says (22nd November, 1666) that 
Louis XIV., '^ in defiance to the King of England, caused all his 
footmen to be put into vests," — an ingenious insult, which Steele 
perhaps remembered in his pleasant fable of '^ Brunetta and 
rhiUis " {SpecUUor, No. 80). In any case, the Persian costume 
was soon al>andoned.] 

^ [Tyratmus, or the Mode; in a Discourse of Sumpiuary Lawes, 
had been issued five years before, in l66l. It is reprinted at 
pp. 308-20 of voL i. of Evelyn's Metnoirs, 1819> from a first 
edition corrected by the author for republication ; and in a final 
MS. note added by Evelyn, he connects it with the above inno- 
vation as follows : — '' Note. — ^that this was published 2 [?] years 



1666 JOHN EVELYN 268 

do not impute to this discourse the change which 
soon happened, but it was an identity that I could 
not but take notice of. 

This night was acted my Lord Broghill's^ 
tragedy, caUed Mustaphoy before their Majesties at 
Court, at which I was present ; very seldom going 
to the public theatres for many reasons now, as 
they were abused to an atheistical liberty; foul 
and undecent women now (and never till now) 
permitted to appear and act, who inflaming several 
young noblemen and gallants, became their misses, 
and to some, their wives. Witness the Earl of 
Oxford,* Sir R. Howard,' Prince Rupert, the Earl 
of Dorset, and another greater person than anv of 
them, who fell into their snares, to the reproach of 
their noble £Etmilies, and ruin of both body and 
souL^ I was invited by my Lord Chamberlain to 
see this tragedy, exceedingly well written, though 
in my mind I did not approve of any such pastime 
in a time of such judgments and calamities. 

^\st October. This season, after so long and 

before the Vest^ Cravett^ Garters & Boucles came to be the 
fashion, & therefore might haply give occasion to the change 
that ensued in those veiy particulars." The Persian costume, 
however, is not specifically described in Tyrannus ; and it must 
have been admired in England long before (see Appendix I. 
vol. L p. 354).] 

1 See anU, p. 226. Roger Lord Broghill, l621-79> was created 
shortly after this. Earl of Orrery : he wrote several other plays 
besides that here noticed. 

s [See ante, p. 181.] 

s Sir Robert Howard, 1626-98, held the office of Auditor of 
the Exchequer ; but was more celebrated as an author, having 
written comedies, tragedies, poems, histories, and translations. 

^ Among the principal offenders here aimed at were Mrs. 
Margaret Hughes, Mrs. Eleanor Gwyn, Mrs. Davenport, Mrs. 
Uphill, and Mrs. Davis. Mrs. Davenport (Roxalana^ was ''my 
Lord Oxford's miss" ; Mrs. Uphill was the actress alluded to in 
connection with Sir R. Howard, and Mrs. Hughes ensnared 
Prince Rupert Nell Gwyn and Mary Davis fell to the " greater 
person " whom Evelyn cautiously indicates. 



264 THE DIARY OF i«m 

extraordinary a drought in August and September, 
as if preparatory for the dreac&ul fire, was so very 
wet and rainy as many feared an ensuing famine. 

2Sth October. The pestilence, through God*s 
mercy, began now to abate considerably in our 
town. 

80/^ To London to our office, and now had I 
on the vest and surcoat, or tunic, as it was called, 
after his Majesty had brought the whole court to 
it. It was a comely and manly habit, too good to 
hold, it being impossible for us in good earnest to 
leave the Monsieurs* vanities long.^ 

81^^. I heard the signal cause of my Lord 
Cleveland^ pleaded before the House of Lords; 
and was this day forty-six years of age. wonderfuUy 
protected by the mercies of God, for which I 
render him immortal thanks. 

14th November. I went my winter-circle through 
my district, Rochester and other places, where I 
had men quartered, and in custody. 

IStk To Leeds Castle.' 

16th. I mustered the prisoners, being about 600 
Dutch and French, ordered their proportion of 
bread to be augmented, and provided clothes and 
fuel. Monsieur Colbert,^ Ambassador at the Court 
of England, this day sent money from his master, 
the French King, to every prisoner of that nation 
under my guard. 

17th. I retimied to Chatham, my chariot over- 
turning on the steep of Bexley HiU, wounded me 
in two places on the head ; my son. Jack, being 
with me, was like to have been worse cut by the 

1 [See ante, p. 262.] 

« Thomas Wentworth, 1591-1667, created in Febniaiy, 1627, 
Baron Wentworth of Nettlestead, and Earl of Cleveland. 

8 [See ante, p. 236.] 

^ [Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy, 1 625*96, a brother of 
Louis the Fourteenth's famous Minister and Financier, Jean- 
Baptiste Colbert] 



im JOHN EVELYN 265 

glass ; but I thank God we both escaped without 
much hurt, though not without excee^g danger. 
— ISth. At Rochester. — 19/A. Returned home. 

28rd November. At London, I heard an extra- 
ordinary case before a Committee of the whole 
House of Commons, in the Commons' House of 
Parliament, between one Captain Taylor and my 
Lord Viscount Mordaunt,^ where, after the lawyers 
had pleaded and the witnesses been examined, such 
foul and dishonourable things were produced against 
his Lordship, of tyranny during his government 
of Windsor Castle, of which he was Constable, 
incontinence, and suborning witnesses (of which 
last, one Sir Richard Breames was most con- 
cerned), that I was exceedingly interested for his 
Lordship, who was my special friend, and husband 
of the most virtuous lady in the world. We sat 
till near ten at ni^ht, and yet but half the Counsel 
had done on behalf of the Plaintiff. The question 
then was put for bringing-in of lights to sit longer. 
This lasted so long before it was determined, and 
raised such a confused noise among the Members, 
that a stranger would have been astonished at it. 
I admire that there is not a rationale to regulate 
such trifling accidents, which consume much time, 
and is a reproach to the gravity of so great an 
assembly of sober men. 

217th. Sir Hugh Pollard, Comptroller of the 
Household, died at Whitehall,* and his Majesty 
conferred the white staff on my brother Commis- 
sioner for sick and wounded. Sir Thomas Clifford,' 
a bold young gentleman, of a small fortune in 

^ See anU, p. 119. The whole proceedings in this afiair are 
to be found in the Journals of Lords and Commons, under date 
of this year. 

« [See ante, p. 197.1 

• tSee ante, p. 21 S.J Clifford was subsequently Comptroller, 
and Treasurer of the Household. He " do speak very well and 
neatly " — says Pepys.] 



266 THE DIARY OF I666 

Devon, but advanced by Lord Arlington, Secre- 
tary of State, to the great astonishment of all the 
Court. This gentleman was somewhat related to 
me by the marriage of his mother to my nearest 
kinsman, Gregory Coale,^ and was ever my noble 
friend, a valiant and daring person, but by no 
means fit for a supple and flattering courtier. 

2Stk November. Went to see Clarendon House,^ 
now almost finished, a goodly pile to see to, but 
had many defects as to tiie architecture, yet placed 
most gracefully. After this, I waited on the Lord 
Chancellor, who was now at Berkshire House,' 
since the burning of London. 

2nd December. Dined with me Monsieur Kiviet,^ 
a Dutch gentleman-pensioner of Rotterdam, who 
came over for protection, being of the Prince of 
Orange's party, now not wdcome in Holland. 
The King knighted him for some merit in the 
Prince's behalf. He should, if caught, have been 
beheaded with Monsieur Buat, and was brother-in- 
law to Van Tromp, the sea-generaL With him 
came Mr. Gabriel Sylvius,^ and Mr. Williamson, 
secretary to Lord Arlington ; • M. Kiviet came to 

^ Of this ''nearest kinsman" and his family, seated at 
Petersham in Surrey, see Bray's History, L 4f39, 441^ but his pre- 
cise connection or kinsmanship with the Evelyns does not appear. 

« rSee anU, p. 214.] 

' berkshire or Cleveland House^ St. James's^ belonging to the 
Howards^ Earls of Berkshire. It was purchased and presented 
by Charles II. to Barbara Duchess of Cleveland^ and was then 
of great extent ; she, however, afterwards sold part, which was 
divided into various houses. The name survives in Cleveland 
Court 

^ [Sir John Kiviet. See post, under 6th March and 7th 
September, 1667. He is probably the " Kevet, Burgomaster of 
Amsterdam," mentioned bv Pepys under I7th February, l667, 
as arranging the Peace with Lord Arlington.] 

* \Seepost, under 11th November, lo77.] 

^ See ante, p. 220. Pepys describes Williamson (6th Februaiy, 
1663) as '^a pretty knowing man and a scholar, but, it may be, 
thinks himself to be too much so." 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 267 

examine whether the soil about the river of Thames 
would be proper to make clinker-bricks,^ and to 
treat with me about some accommodation in order 
to it. 

1666-7 : 9th January. To the Royal Society, 
which since the sad conflagration were invited by 
Mr. Howard' to sit at Arundel House in the 
Strand, who, at my instigation, likewise bestowed 
on the Society that noble library • which his 
grand£Either especially, and his ancestors had 
collected. This gentleman had so little inclination 
to books, that it was the preservation of them from 
embezzlement. 

2Uh. Visited my Lord Clarendon, and presented 
my son John, to him, now preparing to go to 
Oxford, of which his Lordship was Chancellor. 
This evening I heard rare Italian voices, two 
eunuchs and one woman, in his Majesty's green 
chamber, next his cabinet 

29tL To London, in order to my son's 
Oxford journey, who, being very early entered 
both in Latin and Greek, and prompt to learn 
beyond most of his age, I was persuaded to trust 
him under the tutorage of Mr. Bohun, Fellow of 
New College,* who had been his preceptor in my 
house some years before; but, at Oxford, under 
the inspection of Dr. Bathurst, President of 
Trinity CoU^e,* where I placed him, not as 

1 [See anU, p. 266.] 

^ See ante, voL i. p. 312; and poHy under 19th September, 
1667.]^ 

< (See poH, under March, l669> and 29th August^ l678. Mr. 
Howard's grandfather^ the second Earl of Arundel (see anU, 
vol. i. p. 22), had purchased many of the books during his 
embassy to Vienna in l636. Part had come from the library col- 
lected at Buda in 1485 by Matthew Corvinus, King of Hungary^ 
which^ after his death in 1490, had passed into the possession of 
Diirer's friend, Bilibald Pirckheimer of Nuremberg. J 

* [See mUe, p. 233.] » [See anU, p. 242.] 



268 THE DIARY OF im 

yet thirteen years old. He was newly out of long 
coats.^ 

15th February. My little book, in answer to 
Sir George Mackenzie ^ on Solitude, was now pub- 
lished, entitled Public Employment^ and an AcUve 
Liifey and all its appanages^ preferred to Solitude.* 

l%th. I was present at a magnificent ball, or 
masque, in the theatre at the Court, where their 
Majesties and aU the great lords and ladies danced, 
infinitely gallant, the men in their richly em- 
broidered most becoming vests/ 

19^^ I saw a Comedy acted at Court. In the 
afternoon, I witnessed a wrestling match for £1000 
in St. James's Park, before his Majesty, a vast 
assemblage of lords and other spectators, betwixt 
the western and northern men, Mr. Secretary 
Morice and Lord Gerard being the judges. The 
western men won. Many great sums were betted. 

^th March. I proposed to my Lord Chancellor 
Monsieur Kiviet's undertaking to wharf the whole 
river of Thames, or quay, from the Temple to the 
Tower, as far as the fire destroyed, with brick, 
without piles, both lasting and omamentaL^ — Great 
frosts, snow, and winds, prodigious at the vernal 

1 In illustration of the garb which succeeded the ^long 
coats" out of which lads of twelve or thirteen were thus 
suffered to emerge^ it may be mentioned that there once hung 
upon the walls of the Swan Inn at Leatherhead in Surrey^ a 
picture of four children^ dates of birth between l640 and 1650^ of 
whom a lad of about the age of young Eveljrn is represented 
in a coat reaching to his ankles. 

^ Sir George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh, l63&-91> King's advo- 
catCj who wrote several works on the Scottish laws^ and various 
essays and poetical pieces (see post^ under 9th March, 169O). 

^ Reprinted in Miscellaneous WrUvngs, pp. 501-552. In a 
letter to Cowley^ 12th March^ 1666-67, Evelyn apologises for 
having written against that life which he had joined with Mr. 
Cowley in so much admiring^ assuring him he neither was nor 
could be serious in avowing such a preference. (See Appendix 
VI.) 

* [See ante, p. 268.] » [See ante, p. 267.] 



iw JOHN EVELYN 269 

equinox ; indeed it had been a year of prodigies in 
this nation, pla^e» war, fire, rain, tempest and comet 

14/A Mar en. Saw The Virgin- Queen^^ a play 
written by Mr. Dryden. 

22nd Dined at Mr. Secretary Morice*s,* who 
showed me his library, which was a well-chosen 
collection. This afternoon, I had audience of his 
Majesty, concerning the proposal I had made of 
building the Quay. 

2Qth. Sir John Kiviet dined with me. We 
went to search for brick-earth, in order to a great 
undertaking.* 

4dh ApnL The cold so intense, that there was 
hardly a leaf on a tree. 

18/^ I went to make court to the Duke and 
Duchess of Newcastle, at their house in Clerken- 
well,* being newly come out of the north. They 
received me with great kindness, and I was much 
pleased with the extraordinary fanciful habit, garb, 
and discourse of the Duchess. 

22nd. Saw the sumptuous supper in the 
Banqueting-house at Whitehall, on the eve of St. 
George's Day, where were all the companions of 
the Order of the Garter. 

28rd In the morning, his Majesty went to 
chapel with the Knights of the Garter, all in 
then* habits and robes, ushered by the heralds; 
after the first service, they went in procession, the 
youngest first, the Sovereign last, with the Prelate 

^ The Virgin QMem which Evelyn saw was Drjden's Maiden 
Queen. Pepys saw it on the night of its first production (twelve 
days before Evelyn's visit) ; and was charmed by Nell Gwyn's 
Florimel. ^ So great performance of a comical part was never, 
I believe, in the world before" (21st March^ 1667). 

* [See ante, p. 174.] » [See ante, p. 268j 

^ "This, now non-existent^ was the town house of William 
Cavendish, Earl, Marquis, and Duke of Newcastle, 1592-1676, 
and his second wife, Margaret Lucas, 1624-74 (see post, under 
25th and 27th April). In l667, the Duchess published a high- 
flown Life of her husband, of which a reprint was issued in 1872.] 



270 THE DIARY OF mr 

of the Order and Dean, who had about his neck 
the book of the Statutes of the Order ; and then 
the Chancellor of the Order (old Sh* Henry de 
Vic)/ who wore the purse about his neck; then 
the Heralds and Garter- King-at- Arms, Clarencieux, 
Black Rod. But before the Prelate and Dean of 
Windsor went the gentlemen of the chapel and 
choristers, singing as they marched ; behind them 
two doctors of music in damask robes ; this pro- 
cession was about the courts at Whitehall. Then, 
returning to their stalls and seats in the chapel, 
placed under each knight's coat-armour and titles, 
the second service began. Then, the King offered 
at the altar, an anthem was sung ; then, the rest of 
the Knights offered, and lastly proceeded to the 
Banquetmg-house to a great feast The King sat 
on an elevated throne at the upper end at a table 
alone ; the Knights at a table on the right hand, 
reaching all the length of the room ; over-against 
them a cupboard of rich gilded plate ; at the lower 
end, the music; on the balusters above, wind- 
music, trumpets, and kettle-drums. The King was 
served by the lords and pensioners who brought up 
the dishes. About the middle of the dinner, the 
Knights drank the King's health, then the King 
theirs, when the trumpets and music played and 
sounded, the guns going off at the Tower. At the 
Banquet, came in the Queen, and stood by the 
King's left hand, but did not sit. Then was the 
banqueting-stuff flung about the room profusely. 
In truth, the crowd was so great, that though I 
stayed all the supper the day before, I now 
stayed no longer than this sport began, for fear 
of disorder. The cheer was extraordinary, each 
Knight having forty dishes to his mess, piled up 
five or six high ; the room hung with the richest 
tapestry. 

^ [See ante, voL i. p. 56.] 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 271 

25th April Visited again the Duke of New- 
castle, ynXh whom I had been acquainted long 
before in France, where the Duchess had obli- 
gation to my wife's mother for her marriage there ; 
she was sister to Lord Lucas,^ and maid of 
honour then to the Queen-Mother ; married in our 
chapel at Paris.^ My wife being with me, the 
Duke and Duchess both would needs bring her to 
the very Court 

2Qth. My Lord Chancellor showed me all his 
newly finished and furnished palace and library ; 
then, we went to take the air in Hyde Park, 

2ith. I had a great deal of discourse with his 
Majesty at dinner. In the afternoon, I went 
a^ain with my wife to the Duchess of Newcastle, 
who received her in a kind of transport, suitable 
to her extravagant humour and dress, which was 
very singular.' 

%th May. Made up accounts with our Receiver, 
which amounted to £88,986 : 1 : 4 Dined at Lord 
Combury's, with Don Francisco de Melos, Portugal 



^ [Sir Charles Lucas^ shot by Ireton at Colchester in l648.] 

2 In April, 1645.1 

^ See anUy p. mQ, Mrs. Evelyn has left an unvarnished 
account of this visit in a letter to Dr. Bohun in l667. '' I was 
surprised '* — she says — ^* to find so much extravagancy and vanity 
in any person not confined within four walls. Her [the Duchess's] 
habit particular, fantastical, not unbecoming a good shape, which 
she may truly boast of. Her face discovers the fisudlity of the sex, 
in being yet persuaded it deserves the esteem years forbid, by the 
infinite care she takes to place her curls and patches. Her 
mien surpasses the imagination of poets, or the descriptions of 
a romance heroine's greatness; her gracious bows, seasonable 
nods, courteous stretching out of her hands, twinkling of her 
eyes, and various gestures of approbation, show what may be 
expected from her discourse, which is as airy, empty, whimsical 
and rambling as her books, aiming at science, difficulties, high 
notions, terminating commonly in nonsense, oaths, and obscenity." 
Mrs. Evelyn paints a full-length ; but a kit-cat is enough, and 
justifies Pepjrs' briefer report of 18th March, 1668, that the 
Duchess was ^' a mad, conceited, ridiculous woman."] 



272 THE DIARY OF i«67 

Ambassador, and kindred to the Queen: of the 
party were Mr. Henry Jermyn/ and Sur Henry 
CapeL* Afterwards I went to Arundel House, 
to salute Mr. Howard's sons, newly returned out 
of France. 

11^^ May. To London ; dmed with the Duke of 
Newcastle, and sat discoursing with her Grace in 
her bedchamber after dinner, till my Lord Marquis 
of Dorchester with other company came in, when 
I went away. 

SOth. To London, to wait on the Duchess of 
Newcastle (who was a mighty pretender to learn- 
ing, poetry, and philosophy, and had in both 
published divers books) to the Royal Society, 
whither she came in great pomp, and being received 
by our Lord President at the door of our meeting- 
room, the mace, etc., carried before him, had several 
experiments showed to her. I conducted her Grace 
to her coach, and returned home.' 

1^/ June. I went to Greenwich, where his 
Majesty was trying divers grenadoes shot out of 
cannon at the Castlehill, from the house in the 
Park; they brake not till they hit the mark, the 
forged ones brake not at all, but the cast ones very 
welL The inventor was a German there present. 
At the same time, a ring was showed to the King, 
pretended to be a projection of mercury, and 
malleable, and said by the gentlemen to be fixed 
by the juice of a plant. 

8/^. To London, alarmed by the Dutch, who 
were fallen on our fleet at Chatham, by a most 
audacious enterprise entering the very river with 

^ Afterwards^ l685. Baron Jermjn of Dover. 

* Afterwards^ l692^ Baron Capel of Tewkesbuiy, and Loid* 
Lieutenant of Ireland. He died I696. 

' [Pepjs also gives an account of this visit, under the same 
date. The Society was not without apprehension that the town 
would be " full of ballads " about the honour done them.] 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 278 

part of their fleet, doing us not only di^race, but 
mcredible mischief in burning several of our best 
men-of-war lying at anchor and moored there, and 
all this through our unaccountable negligence in 
not setting out our fleet in due time.^ This alarm 
caused me, fearing the enemy mi^ht venture up 
the Thames even to London (which they might 
have done with ease, and fired aU the vessels in the 
river, too), to send away my best goods, plate, 
etc, from my house to another place. The alarm 
was so great that it put both Country and City 
into a panic, fear and consternation, such as I 
hope I shall never see more ; everybody was flying, 
none knew why or whither. Now, there were 
land-forces despatched with the Duke of Albe- 
marle, Lord Middleton,' Prince Rupert, and the 

^ [This was the Chatham disaster. In June sixty-one Dutch 
men-of-war under De Rujrter entered the Thames^ destroyed the 
unfinished fort at Sheemess (June 1 1\ and sailed up the Med- 
way^ breaking the chain at Gillingnam. At Chatham they 
burned three ships (see post, p. 275)^ and captured the Royal 
Charles, formerly the Naseby, which^ after fighting the battles 
of the Commonwealth^ had been despatched to Scheveling in 
May, 1660, to bring Charles II. to Dover. Peter Pett (see ante, 
p. 204) was made the scapegoat upon this occasion : — 

After this loss, to relish discontent. 
Some one must be accused by Parliament ; 
All our miscarriages on Pett must fall. 
His name alone seems fit to answer all. 

Thus, and at greater length, sings Andrew Marvell in his Last 
Instructions to a Painter about the Dutch Wars, l667, 11. 717-20. 
The Commons threatened to impeach Pett for carelessness, and 
he was superseded ; but it was well known that the real fault 
lay with the King. In the Museum at Amsterdam is a picture 
by Jan Pieters commemorating the Dutch success.] 

^ John Middleton, 1619-74, was first a Parliamentary general, 
but subsequently fought for Charles II. at Worcester, and other- 
wise distinguished himself as a Royalist officer till the Restora- 
tion, when he was created first Earl of Middleton. He was 
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in Scotland, Governor of 
Edinbiirgh Castle, Lord High Commissioner to the Scottish 
Parliament, and finally Governor of Tangier, where he died. 

VOL. II T 



274 THE DIARY OF im7 

Duke, to hinder the Dutch commg to Chatham, 
fortifying Upnor Castle, and laying chains and 
homhs ; but the resolute enemy brake through all, 
and set fire on our ships, and retreated in spite, 
stopping up the Thames, tiie rest of the fleet lying 
berore the mouth of it 

lAtk June. I went to see the work at Woolwich, 
a battery to prevent them coming up to London, 
which IVince Rupert commanded, and sunk some 
ships in the riven 

17th. This night, about two o'clock, some chips 
and combustible matter prepared for some fire- 
ships, taking flame in Deptford-yard, made such a 
blaze, and caused such an uproar in the Tower (it 
being given out that the Dutch fleet was come 
up, and had landed their men and fired the 
Tower), as had like to have done more mischief 
before people would be persuaded to the contrary 
and believe the accident. Everybody went to 
their arms. These were sad and troublesome 
times. 

24/A. The Dutch fleet still continuing to stop 
up the river, so as nothing could stir out or come 
in, I was before the Council, and commanded by 
his Majesty to go with some others and search 
about the environs of the city, now exceedingly 
distressed for want of fuel, whetiier there could be 
any peat, or tur^ found fit for use. The next day, 
I went and discovered enough, and made my report 
that there might be found a great deal ; but nothing 
further was done in it. 

28/^ I went to Chatham, and thence to view 
not only what mischief the Dutch had done; 
but how triumphantly their whole fleet lay within 
the very mouth of the Thames, all from the North 
Foreland, Margate, even to the Buoy of the Nore 
— a dreadful spectacle as ever Englishmen saw, 
and a dishonour never to be wiped off! Those 



1067 JOHN EVELYN 275 

who advised his Majesty to prepare no fleet this 
spring deserved — I know what — ^but ^ — 

Here in the river off Chatham, just before the 
town, lay the carcase of the London (now the third 
time burnt), the Royal Oak, the James, etc., yet 
smoking ; * and now, when the mischief was done, 
we were making trifling forts on the brink of the 
river. Here were yet forces, both of horse and 
foot, with Grcneral Aliddleton continually expecting 
the motions of the enemy's fleet. I had much dis- 
course with him, who was an experienced com- 
mander. I told him I wondered the King did not 
fortify Sheemess • and the Ferry ; both abandoned 

2iid July. Called upon by my Lord Arlington, 
as from his Majesty, about the new fuel. The 
occasion why I was mentioned, was from what I 
said in my Sylva three years before,^ about a sort 
of friel for a need, which obstructed a patent of 
Lord Carlingford,^ who had been seeking for it 
himself ; he was endeavouring to bring me into the 
project, and proffered me a share. I met my Lord ; 
and, on the 9th, by an order of Council, went to 
my Lord Mayor, to be assisting. In the meantime 

^ According to the Life of King James the Second, I8I6, i. 425, 
these advisers were '' the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Treasurer 
Southampton^ the Duke of Albemarle, and the other Ministers." 
They *' perswaded the King upon pretence of saving charges, to 
lay up tne first and Second Rate of Ships, and to send out such 
only as were most proper to interrupt the Enemy's Trade, and 
only to make a defensive war." llie Duke of York opposed 
these measures ; but he was overruled. (See also p. 277.) 

* [Each doleful day still with fresh loss returns. 
The Loyal Loneum now a third time bums. 
And the brue Royal Oak and Royal Jannst^ 
Allied in fate, increase with theirs her flames. 

MAmvELL, ul iupraJ] 

• Since done. — Evelyn's Note. 

« [Syka, 1664, Bk. iii. ch. iv., '' Of Timber, the Seasoning and 
Uses, and Fuel."] 

^ Theobald Taaffe, second Viscount Taaffe, created Earl of 
Carlingfoid in l662, d, l677. 



276 THE DIARY OF iwr 

they had made an experiment of my receipt of 
houUieSy which I mention in my book to be made 
at Maestricht, with a mixture of charcoal dust and 
loam, and which was tried with success at Gresham 
College (then being the exchange for the meeting 
of the merchants since the fire) for everybody to 
see. This done, I went to the Treasury for 
£12,000 for the sick and wounded yet on my 
hands. 

Next day, we met again about the fuel at Sir J. 
Armorer's in the Mews. 

%th July. My Lord Brereton and others dined 
at my house, where I showed them proof of my 
new fuel, which was very glowing, and without 
smoke or ill smell 

10th. I went to see Sir Samuel Morland's^ 
inventions and machines, arithmetical wheels, 
quench-fires, and new harp. 

nth. The Master of the Mint and his lady, Mr. 
Williamson, Sir Nicholas Armorer,^ Sir Edward 

^ Aubrey (in his account of Surrey, vol. 1. p. 12) says : " Under 
the equestrian Statue of Charles II., in the great Court at 
Windsor, is an engine for raising water, contrived by Sir Samuel 
Morland, aUas Morley ri625-9^]> He was son of Sir Samuel 
Morland, of Sulhamsted Bannister, Berks, created Baronet by 
Charles II., in consideration of services performed during his 
exile. The son was a great mechanic, and was presented with a 
gold medal, and made Maguter Mechamcorum by the King, in 
l681. He invented the drum capstands, for weighing heavy 
anchors : the speaking trumpet and other useful engines. He 
died and was buried at Hammersmith, 1696. There is a monu- 
ment for the two wives of Sir Samuel Morland in Westminster 
Abbey. There is a print of the son, by Lombart, after Lely. 
This Sir Samuel, the son, built a large room in his garden at 
Vauxhall, which was much admired at that time. On the top 
was a Punchinello, holding a diaL" 

^ Sir Nicholas (a different person from Sir James) Armorer 
was Equerry to Charles II. Pepys, under 2Srd September, l667, 
tells a curious anecdote of his inducing the King to drink the 
Duke of York's health on his knees. The Queen of Bohemia 
talks of him fBuniliarly in her letters as Nick Armourer. 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 277 

Bowyer, Sir Anthony Auger, and other friends 
dined with me. 

29th July. I went to Gravesend ; the Dutch fleet 
still at anchor before the river, where I saw five of 
his Majesty's men-at-war encounter above twenty 
of the I)utch, in the bottom of the Hope, chasing 
them with many broadsides given and return^ 
towards the buoy of the Nore, where the body of 
their fleet lav, which lasted till about midnight. 
One of their snips was fired, supposed by themselves, 
she being run on ground. Having seen this bold 
action, and their braving us so far up the river, I 
went home the next day, not without indignation 
at our n^ligence, and the nation's reproach. It is 
well known who of the Commissioners of the 
Treasury gave advice that the charge of setting 
forth a fle^ this year might be spared. Sir W. C. 
(William Coventry) by name.^ 

1^ August. I received the sad news of Abraham 
Cowley's death,' that incomparable poet and 
vutuous man, my very dear friend, and was greatiy 
deplored. 

%rd. Went to Mr. Cowley's funeral, whose 
corpse lay at Wallingford House,' and was thence 
conveyea to Westminster Abbey in a hearse 
with six horses and all funeral decency, near a 
hundred coaches of noblemen and persons of 
quality following ; among these, all the wits of 
tne town, divers bishops and clergymen. He 
was interred next Geoffrey Chaucer, and near 
Spenser. A goodly monument is since erected 
to his memory.^ 






1 rSee anU, p. 18.] 2 [28th July, l667.] 

* [Chi the site of the Admiralty^ and occupied at this date by 

the poet's friend and brother collegian, the second Duke of 

Buckingham.] 

^ [At the cost of the Duke of Buckingham, with an ejntaph 

by Bishop Sprat, who wrote Cowley's Ud^^ 



278 THE DIARY OF iw 

Now did his Majesty again dine in the presence, 
in ancient state, with music and all the court- 
ceremonies, which had been interrupted since the 
late war. 

Sth August. Visited Mr. Oldenbure, a close 
prisoner in the Tower, being suspected of writ- 
mg intelligence. I had an oroer from Liord 
Arlington, Secretary of State, which caused me 
to be admitted. This gentleman was secretary 
to our Society, and I am confident will prove an 
innocent person.^ 

15th. Finished my account, amounting to 
£25,000. 

17th. To the funeral of Mr. Farringdon, a 
relation of my wife's. 

There was now a very gallant horse to be baited 
to death with dogs ; but he fought them all, so as 
the fiercest of them could not fasten on him, till 
the men run him through with their swords. This 
wicked and barbarous sport deserved to have been 
punished in the cruel contrivers to get money, 
under pretence that the horse had kmed a man, 
which was false. I would not be persuaded to be a 
spectator. 

21^. Saw the fitmous Italian puppet-play,' for 
it was no other. 

24^A. I was appointed, with the rest of my 
brother Commissioners, to put in execution an 
order of Council for freeing the prisoners-at-war in 
my custody at Leeds Castle, and taking off his 
Majesty's extraordinary charge, having called before 
us the French and Dutch agents. The Peace was 

1 Henry Oldenburg^ 1615-77, Secretary to the Royal Society, 
1663-77. He was committed to the Tower, as Pepys informs us, 
*'for writing news to a virtuoso in France" (25th June, 1667), 
but was shortly afterwards liberated. 

' [Perhaps at Charing Cross, where, in this year, " y* Itallian 
popet player" had a Booth (Oveneers' Books of Si, Martin in the 
Fields, quoted in Cunningham's London),] 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 279 

now proclaimed, in the usual fonn, by the heralds- 
at-arms.^ 

25th August. After evening service, I went to 
visit Mr, Vaughan,* who lay at Greenwich, a very 
wise and learned person, one of Mr. Seldens 
executors and intimate friends. 

Vlth. Visited the Lord Chancellor, to whom his 
Majesty had sent for the seals a few days before ; ' 
I found him in his bedchamber, very sad. The 
Parliament had accused him, and he had enemies 
at Court, especially the buffoons and ladies of 
pleasure, because he thwarted some of them, and 
stood in their way; I could name some of the 
chie£ The truth is, he made few friends during 
his grandeur amon^ the royal sufferers, but 
advanced the old rebels. He was, however, though 
no considerable lawyer, one who kept up the form 
and substance of tilings in the nation with more 
solemnity than some would have had. He was 
my particular kind firiend, on all occasions. The 
Cabal,^ however, prevailed, and that party in 
Parliament. Great division at Court concerning 
him, and divers great persons interceding for 
him. 

2&th. I dined with my late Lord Chancellor, 
where also dined Mr. Ashbumham,^ and Mr. W. 

^ [It had been concluded July 21. All prisoners were to be 
set free ; and the Dutch agreed to lower their flag to British ships 
of war.] 

^ [John Vaughan^ afterwards Sir John, 1 603-74^ and Chief 
Justice of the Common Pleas. He was active in the impeach- 
ment of Clarendon. Selden died 30th November^ 1654.] 

^ [He was deprived of his office, August 30 ; impeached by 
the Commons^ November 12 ; and retired to the Continent by the 
King's cmnmand^ November 29. He died at Rouen in l674^ 
having employed the interim in writing his Hitiory of the 
Rebeliion (see ante, p. 15).] 

^ [The new Ministry formed on the Chancellor's dismissaL] 

^ John Ashbumham^ 1 603-7 1> Groom of the Bedchamber to 
Charles I. and Charles II. 



280 THE DIARY OF iM 

Legge^^ of the Bedchamber ; his Lordship pretty 
weS in heart, though now many of his fiienas and 
sycophants abandoned him. 

In the afternoon, to the Lords Commissioners 
for money, and thence to the audience of a Russian 
Envoy in the Queen's presence-chamber, intro- 
duced with much state, the soldiers, pensioners, 
and guards in their order. His letters of credence 
brought by his secretary in a scarf of sarsenet, 
their vests sumptuous, much embroidered with 

{>earls. He delivered his speech in the Russ 
anguage, but without the least action, or motion, 
of nis body, which was immediately interpreted 
aloud by a German that spake good English : 
half of it consisted in repetition of the Czar's 
titles, which were very haughty and oriental : 
the substance of the rest was, that he was only 
sent to see the King and Queen, and know how 
they did, with much compliment and frothy lan- 
guage. Then, they kissed their Majesties' hands^ 
and went as they came ; but their real errand was 
to get money. 

29th Arigast. We met at the Star-Chamber 
about exchange and release of prisoners. 

lih September. Came Sir John Kiviet, to article 
with me about his brickwork.^ 

IS^A. Betwixt the hours of twelve and one, was 
born my second daughter, who was afterwards 
christened Elizabeth.^ 

\9th. To London, with Mr. Henry Howard, of 
Norfolk,^ of whom I obtained the gift of his 

1 Colonel William Legge, 1609-70, Treasurer and Superin- 
tendent of the Ordnance, Member for Southampton, and £ither 
of George Legge, first Lord Dartmouth. Pepys describes him as 
'' a pleasant man, and that hath seen much of the world, and 
more of the Court" He was with Charles I. during the rebelHon. 

2 See anU, pp. 268, 9&% 
' She died in l685 (see mti, under 27th August, l685).] 

See onto, vol. L p. 312.] 






1667 JOHN EVELYN 281 

Arundelian Marbles^ those celebrated and famous 
inscriptions Greek and Latin, gathered with so 
much cost and industry from Greece, by his illus- 
trious grandfather, the magnificent Earl of Arundel, 
my noble friend whilst he lived. When I saw these 
precious monuments miserably n^lected, and 
scattered up and down about the garden, and other 
parts of Arundel House, and how exceedingly the 
corrosive air of London impaired them, I procured 
him to bestow them on the University of Oxford. 
This he was pleased to grant me ; and now gave 
me the key of the gallery, with leave to mark all 
those stones, urns, altars, etc., and whatever I found 
had inscriptions on them, that were not statues. 
This I did ; and getting them removed and piled 
together, with those which were incrusted in the 
warden walls, I sent immediately letters to the 
Vice-Chancellor of what I had procured, and that if 
they esteemed it a service to the University (of 
which I had been a member), they should take 
order for their transportation. 

This done, 21^/, I accompanied Mr. Howard to 
his villa at Albury, where I designed for him the 
plot of his canal and garden, with a crypt ^ through 
the hUL 

24M September. Returned to London, where I 
had orders to deliver the possession of Chelsea 
College (used as my prison during the war with 
Holland for such as were sent from the fleet to 
London) to our Society, as a gift of his Majesty 
our founder. 

%th October. Came to dine with me Dr. Bathurst, 
Dean of Wells,^ President of Trinity College, sent 

^ [The canal at Albuiy Park has been drained; but a part 
of theciypt^ or " Pausilippe," remains (Murray's Surrey, 1898, p. 
126). See also pott, under 23rd September^ 1670; and cf. an 
interesting paper in Blackwood's Magazine for August, 1888, 
p. 218, entitled " In a Garden of John Evelyn's."] 

< [See ante, p. 242.] 



282 THE DIARY OF iwi 

by the Vice-Chancellor of Oxford, in the name 
both of hhn and the whole University, to thank me 
for procuring the inscriptions, and to receive my 
directions what was to be done to show their 
gratitude to Mr. Howard. 

lltk October. I went to see Lord Clarendon, late 
Lord Chancellor and greatest officer in England, in 
continual apprehension what the Parliament would 
determine concerning him.^ 

17th. Came Dr. Barlow,* Provost of Queen's 
College and Protobibliothecus of the Bodleian 
library, to take order about the transportation of 
the Marbles. 

25th. There were delivered to me two letters 
from the Vice-Chancellor of Oxford, with the 
Decree of the Convocation, attested by the Public 
Notary, ordering four Doctors of Divinity and 
Law to acknowledge the obligation the University 
had to me for procuring the ilifarmora ArundeUana^ 
which was solemnly done by Dr. Barlow, Dr. 
Jenkins,' Judge of the AdmiraJity, Dr. Lloyd ^ and 
Obadiah Walker,* of University College who having 
made a large compliment from the University, 
deUvered me the decree feirly written : 

Gresta venerabili dome Convocationis Univenitatis Oxen.; 
• • • 17. 1667. Quo die retulit ad Senatum Academicum Domi- 
nus Vicecancellcuius, quantum Universitas deberet sinralari 
benevolentifle Johannis Evelini Armigeri, qui pro efi pietate 
qud Almam Matrem prosequitur non solum Suasu et Consilio 
apud inclytum Heroem Henricum Howard, Duds Norfolciae 
hseredem, intercessit, ut Universitati pretiosissimum eniditae 
antiquitatis thesaurum Marmora Arundeliana largiretur ; sed 
egregius insuper in ijs colligendis asservandisq; navavit 

1 [See anU, p. 279.] * [See anU, p. 77.1 

* Afterwards Sir Leoline Jenkins, 1623-85, Secretaiy of State. 

* [See ante, p. 44.] 

^ Subsequently, head of that College. See anU, p. 9; and 
fx>tl, under 8th July, 1675. 



1667 JOHN EVELYN 288 

opemm: Quapropter iinaTiimi suffiragio Venerabilis DomCis 
decretum est, ut eidem publics gratis per delegates ad 
Honoratissimum Dominum Henricum Howard propediem 
mittendos solemniter reddantur. 

Concordant superscripta cum originali collatione ikct& per 
me Ben. Cooper, Notarium Publicum et R^starium 
Universitat. Oxon. 

Sib,' 
We intend also a noble inscription, in which also honour- 
able mention shall be made of yourself; but Mr. Vice- 
Chancellor commands me to tell you that that was not 
sufficient for your merits ; but, that if your occasions would 
permit you to come down at the Act (when we intend a 
dedication of our new Theatre), some other testimony should 
be given both of your own worth and affection to tnis your 
old Mother ; for we are all very sensible this great addition 
of learning and reputation to the Uidversity is due as well to 
your industrious care for the University, and interest with 
mv Lord Howard, as to his great nobleness and generosity 
of spirit. 

I am. Sir, your most humble servant, 

Obadiah Watjcer, Univ. Coll. 

The Vice-Chancellor's letter to the same effect 
were too vainglorious to insert, with divers copies of 
verses that were also sent me. Their mentioning 
me in the inscription I totally declined, when I 
directed the titles of Mr. Howard, now made Lord,^ 
upon his Ambassage to Morocco. 

These four doctors, having made me this com- 
pliment, desired me to carry and introduce them 
to Mr. Howard, at Arundel-House : which I did. 
Dr. Barlow (Provost of Queen's) after a short 
speech, delivering a larger letter of the University s 
thanks, which was written in Latin, expressing the 
great sense they had of the honour done them. 
After this compliment handsomely performed and 
as nobly received, Mr. Howard accompanied the 

1 [He was created Baron Howard of Castle Rising.] 



284 THE DIARY OF im7 

Doctors to their coach. That evenmg, I supped 
with thenL 

26th October. My late Lord Chancellor was 
accused by Mr. Seymour in the House of 
Commons ; and» in the evening, I returned home. 

81^^. My birthday — ^blessed be God for all his 
mercies ! I made the Royal Society a present of 
the Table of Veins, Arteries, and Nerves, which 
great curiosity I had caused to be made in Italy, 
out of the natural human bodies, by a learned 
physician, and the help of Veslingius (professor at 
^adua), from whence I brought them in 1646.^ 
For this I received the public thanks of the Society ; 
and they are hanging up in their Repository with 
an inscription. 

9th December. To visit the late Lord Chancellor.^ 
I found him in his garden at his new-built palace, 
sitting in his gout wheel-chair, and seeing the gates 
setting up towards the north and the fields. He 
looked and spake very disconsolately. After some 

^ See atUe, vol. i. p. 315. [A description of these tables (which 
were the work of Veslingius's assistant^ Fabritius Bartoletus) was 
drawn up in 1702 by William Cowper (1666-1709) the suiveon, 
and read to the Royal Society. It is printed in the PfuL Trans, 
voL xxiii. p. 1177 (No. 280), with the title, An Account of several 
Schetnes of Arteries and Feins, dissected from aduU Human Bodies, 
and given to the Repository of the Royal Society by John Evelyn, Esq., 
F.R.S. (see post, under 21st January, 1702). The Tables are 
now in the British Museum. A manuscript account of them, 
drawn up by 'Evelyn himself for Mr. Cowper, was in the collection 
of Mr. Alfred Huth.] 

^ This entry of the 9th December, l667, is a mistake. 
Evelyn could not have visited the ''late Lord Chancellor" on 
that day. Lord Clarendon fled on Saturday, the 29th of 
November, 1667, and his letter resigning the Chancellorship of 
the University of Oxford is dated from Calais on the 7th of 
December. That Evelyn's book is not, in every respect, strictly 
a diary, is shown by this and several similar passages. If 
the entry of the 18th of September, 1683, is correct, the date of 
Evelyn's last visit to Lord Clarendon was the 28th of November, 
1667. 



im JOHN EVELYN 285 

while deploring his condition to me, I took my 
leave. Next morning,^ I heard he was gone; 
though I am persuaded that, had he gone sooner, 
though but to Combury, and there lain quiet, it 
would have satisfied the Parliament That which 
exasperated them was his presuming to stay and 
contest the accusation as long as it was possible : 
and they were on the point of sending him to the 
Tower. 

lO^A December. I went to the fimeral of Mrs. 
Heath,^ wife of my worthy friend and schoolfellow. 

21^/. I saw one Carr pilloried at Charing-cross 
for a libel, which was burnt before him by the 
hangman. 

1667-8 : Sth January. I saw deep and prodigious 
gaming at the Groom-Porter s, vast heaps of gold 
squandered away in a vain and profuse manner. 
This I looked on as a horrid vice, and unsuitable in 
a Christian Court. 

9*^ Went to see the revels at the Middle 
Temple, which is also an old riotous custom, and 
has relation neither to virtue nor policy.' 

lO^A. To visit Mr. Povey, wnere were divers 
great Lords to see his well -contrived cellar, and 
other elegancies.* 

24^A. We went to stake out ground for building 
a college for the Royal Society at Arundel House, 
but did not finish it, which we shall repent of. 

Uh February. I saw the tragedy of Hora4:e 
(written by the virtuous Mrs. Philips) * acted before 

Le. 29th November.] * [See (nUe, p. 50.] 

See anie, p. 180.] 
* See ante, pp. 199, 21 1 ; and post, under 29th February, l676.] 



1 

8 



6 



Mrs. Katherine Philips ^the ''matchless Orinda "), 1631-64. 
Her llorace was (like Cotton's) a translation from Pierre Comeille, 
a fifth act being added by Denham. The Duke of Monmouth 
spoke the Prologue. Candid Mr. Pepys thought it ''a silly 
tragedy" (19th January, l669). By "virtuous," Evelyn seems 
only to have intended to accentuate the difference between the 



286 THE DIARY OF 1668 

thdr Majesties. Betwixt each act a masque and 
antique dance.^ The excessive gallantry of the 
ladies was infinite^ those especially on that • . • 
Castlemaine^^ esteemed at £40,000 and more, far 
outshining the Queen. 

15th Pebruary. I saw the audience of the 
Swedish Ambassador Count Donna, in great state 
in the Banqueting-house. 

8rd March. Was launched at Deptford, that 
goodly vessel, The Charles. I was near his Majesty. 
She is longer than the Sovereigih and carries 110 
brass cannon ; she was built by old Shish, a plain 

deceased author and the ladies of the audience. He wrote 
admiringly of " Orinda " to Pepys in August, and Mrs. Evelyn 
also praises her to Dr. fiohun. There is an appreciation of her 
in Gosse's Sevenieenih Century Studies, 3rd edition, 1897, pp. 229- 
258 ; and her poems are reprinted from the edition of l678 in 
Prof. Saintsbuiy's Caroline PoeU, 1905, pp. 485-612.] 

1 [Mrs. Evelyn calls this — " a farce and dance between eveiy 
act, composed by Lacy, and played by him and Nell [GwynJ, 
which takes" (Letter to Mr. Tyrill, 10th Febmaiy, l669> But 
from the description of Pepys (I9th January), this part of the 
performance must have been gross and stupid.] 

^ [This, and that on the following page, are Evelyn's first 
references to Barbara Villiers (afterwards Palmer), Countess of 
Castlemaine. She was bom in l641, her father oeing William 
Villiers, second Viscount Grandison, killed at Edgehill in l64S; 
and at this date (1668), she was seven-and-twenty. She had 
been married, at eighteen, to Roger Palmer, who was made Earl 
of Castlemaine in l66l. She had known Charles in Holland; 
and she was his mistress from the Restoration until she was 
supplanted by Mile, de K6roualle. She was created Duchess of 
Cleveland in l670. She had six children by Charles, — ^three sons, 
the Dukes of Southampton, Grafton, and Northumberland, and 
three daughters. She afterwards married Beau Fielding, and 
died in 1709. Her picture by Lely (as Minerva!) is in William 
HL's State Bedroom at Hampton Court ; it has been drawn in 
less attractive colours by Gilbert Burnet : — " She was a woman 
of great beauty, but most enormously vitious and ravenous; 
fooUsh but imperious, very uneasy to the King, and always 
canying on intrigues with other men, while yet she pretended 
she was jealous of him " {Historv of His Onm Time, 1724, i. 9^\ 
There is a privately printed Memoir of her by the late G. 
Steinman Steinman of Croydon, 1871.] 



im JOHN EVELYN 287 

honest carpenter, master-builder of this dock, but 
one who can give very little account of his art by 
discourse, and is hardly capable of reading,^ yet of 
great ability in his calling. The family have been 
ship-carpenters in this yard above 800 years.' 

12th March. Went to visit Sir John Cotton,' 
who had me into his library, full of good MSS. 
Greek and Latin, but most &mous for those of the 
Saxon and English Antiquities, collected by his 
grandfather. 

2nd April. To the Royal Society, where I sub- 
scribed 50,000 bricks, towards building a college. 
Amongst other libertine libels, there was one now 
printed and thrown about, a bold petition of the 
poor w s to Lady Castlemaine.^ 

9th. To London, about finishing my grand 
account of the sick and wounded, and prisoners at 
war, amounting to above £84,000. 

I heard Sir R. Howard impeach Sir William 
Penn,^ in the House of Lords, for breaking bulk, 

^ [Jonas Shish^ 1 605-80^ master shipwright at Deptford and 
Woolwich dockyards. He has a mural monmnent in St. Nicholas 
Church. See past, under 13th May, l680.] 

* [Pepys also assisted. *' Down by water to Deptford^ where 
the King^ Queen, and Court are to see launched the new ship 
built by Mr. Shish, called the Charles. God send her better 
luck than the former!" {Diary, Srd March, l668). By the 
^' former," he means the Royal Charles, captured by the Dutch in 
1667 (see ante, p. 273). In the Gazette the new ship is called 
Charles the Second, and was to carry IO6 g^uns.] 

' ^ee ante, vol. i. p. 92.1 

^ Perhaps Mr. Evel]^ knew the author — is Bray's note to 
this. [''I do hear (says Pepys) that my Lady Castlemaine is 
horribly vexed at the late libel, — the petition of the poor prosti- 
tutes about the town whose houses were pulled down the other 
day." Pepys thought it more severe than witty, and wonders 
" how it durst be printed and spread abroad, which shows that 
the times are loose, and come to a K^eat disregard of the King, 
or Court, or Government" (Diary, oth April, 1668).] 

» Sir William Penn, 1021-70, father of the Founder of 
Pennsylvania, whom 'Evelyn in a subsequent page accuses of 
having published '* a blasphemous book against the Deity of our 



288 THE DIARY OF ie68 

and taking away rich goods out of the East India 
prizes, formerly taken by Lord Sandwich. 

2'&th April To London, about the purchase of 
Ravensbourne Mills, and land around it, in Upper 
Deptford, of one Mr. Becher. 

QOth. We sealed the deeds m Sb Edward Thur- 
land's^ chambers in the Inner Temple. I pray 
God bless it to me, it being a dear pennyworth;' 
but the passion Sir R. Browne had for it, and that 
it was contiguous to our other grounds, engaged 
me! 

\dth May. Invited by that expert commander, 
Captain Cox, master of the lately built Charles the 
Secondj now the best vessel of the fleet, designed 
for the Duke of York, I went to Erith, where we 
had a neat dinner. 

IQth. Sir Richard Edgecombe, of Mount 
Edgecombe, by Plymouth, my relation, came to 
visit me ; a very virtuous and worthy gentleman. 

\9th June. To a new play with several of my 
relations. The Evemng Laoer^ a foolish plot, and 
very profane ; it afflicted me to see how the stage 
was d^enerated and polluted by the licentious 
times. 

2nd Jvly. Sir Samuel Tuke, Bart,^ and the lady 
he had married this day, came and bedded at my 
house, many friends accompanying the bride. 

blessed Lord " [The Sandy Foundaiwn Shaken, I668). Sir William 
Penn held the rank of Admiral, and had distinguished himself 
in the battle with the Dutch. He was Governor of Kinsale. 

1 [Sir Edward Thurland, l606-83, afterwards Baron of the 
Exchequer.] * [Bargain.] 

' There is no play with this name extant; and though the 
latter might be but a second title (for Evelyn frequently mentions 
only one name of a play that has two), it is next to certain that 
he here means Dryden's comedy of An Evening's Love, or. The 
Mock Astrologer, which is indeed sufficiently Hcentious. It was 
produced and printed in l66S, when Evelyn appears to have 
seen it. 

« See ante, p. 200. 



1668 JOHN EVELYN 289 

28rdJtdy. At the Royal Society, were presented 
divers ghssa petras, and other natural curiosities, 
found in digging to build the fort at Sheerness. 
They were just the same as they bring from Malta, 
pretending them to be viper s teeth, whereas, in 
truth, they are of a shark, as we found by compar- 
ing them with one in our Repository. 

8rd August. Mr. Bramston ^ (son to Judge B.), 
my old fellow-traveller, now Reader at the Middle 
Temple, invited me to his feast, which was so very 
extravagant and great as the like had not been seen 
at any time. There were the Duke of Ormonde, 
Privy Seal, Bedford, Belasyse,^ Halifax, and a 
world more of Earls and Lords. 

\^h. His Majesty was pleased to grant me a 
lease of a slip of ground out of Brick Close, to 
enlarge my fore-court, for which I now gave him 
thanks ; then, entering into other discourse, he 
talked to me of a new varnish for ships, instead of 
pitch, and of the gUdmg with which his new yacht 
was beautified. I showed his Majesty the perpetual 
motion sent to me by Dr. Stokes, from Cologne ; ' 
and then came in Monsieur Colbert, the French 
Ambassador.^ 

19^A. I saw the magnificent entry of the French 
Ambassador Colbert, received in the Banqueting- 
house. I had never seen a richer coach than that 
which he came in' to Whitehall. Standing by his 
Majesty at dinner in the presence, there was of 
that rare fruit called the King-pine, growing in 
Barbadoes and the West Indies ; the fijrst of them 
I had ever seen.* His Majesty having cut it up, 

^ [See anie^ vol. i. p. 310. ^'In August^ 1668, he [Bramston] 
was called to the Bench, and read there upon j* stat. 3* Jacobi, 
cap. 4, conceminge recusants " (Sir John Bramston's Autobiography, 
1845, p. 30).] 

« [See ofUe, p. 201.] » [See ante, p. 98.] 

« [See ante, p. 264.J 

^ See ante, as to the Queen-pine, p. 171. 

VOL. II U 



290 THE DIARY OF im 

was pleased to give me a piece off his own plate to 
taste of ; but, in my opimon, it fSetUs short of those 
ravishing varieties of deliciousness described in 
Captain Ligon s Historyj^ and others ; but possibly 
it might, or certainly was, much impaired in coming 
so far ; it has yet a grateful acidity, but tastes more 
like the quince and melon than of any other fruit 
he mentions. 

28M August. Published my book of The Per- 
fection of Painimg^ dedicated to Mr. Howard. 

Vlth September. I entertained Signor Muccinigo, 
the Venetian Ambassador, of one of the noblest 
families of the State, this being the day of making 
his public entry, setting forth from my house wit£ 
several gentlemen of Venice and others in a very 
glorious trdn. He staid with me till the Earl of 
Anglesea and Sir Charles Cotterell (Master of the 
Ceremonies) came with the King's barge to carry 
him to the Tower, where the guns were fired at his 
landing; he then entered his Majesty's coach, 
followed by many others of the nobility. I accom- 
panied him to his house, where there was a most 
noble supper to all the company, of course. After 
the extraoidinary compliments to me and my wife, 
for the civilities he received at my house, I took 
leave and returned. He is a very accomplished 
person. He is since Ambassador at Rome. 

29th. I had much discourse with Signor Pietro 
Cisij,' a Persian gentleman, about the affairs of 

1 [A True and Exact HiOanf of the Island ofBarbadoet, 1673.1 
^ r'An Idea of the Perfection of Painting, aemonstrated from tke 
Prinaple* of AH, etc. . . . Written in French by Rolana Freart, 
Sieur de Cambray, and rendered English by J. £.^ Esquire, l668." 
There is nothing of Evelyn in it but Uie Dedication, dated, 
" Says-Court, July 24, 1668," and a preface " To the Reader," 
both of which are reprinted in the Miscellaneous fVritings, 1825, 
pp. 553-62.1 

' [To whom was owing the inception of the History of the 
Three Impostors (see post, p. 294).] 



lees JOHN EVELYN 291 

Turkey, to my great satisfaction. I went to see 
Sir Elias Leighton's^ project of a cart with iron 
axle-trees. 

ith November. Being at dinner, my sister 
Evelyn sent for me to come up to London to my 
continuing sick brother.' 

lUh. To London, invited to the consecration 
of that excellent person, the Dean of Ripon, Dr. 
Wilkins, now made Bishop of Chester ; • it was at 
Ely- House,* the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. 
Cosin, Bishop of Durham, the Bishops of Ely, 
Salisbury, Rochester, and others officiating. Dr. 
Tillotson preached.* Then, we went to a sump- 
tuous dinner in the hall, where were the Duke 
of Buckingham, Judges, Secretaries of State, 
Lord-Keeper, Council, Noblemen, and innumerable 
other company, who were honourers of this incom- 

E arable man, universally beloved by all who knew 
im. 
This being the Queen's birthday, great was the 
gallantry at Whitehall, and the night celebrated 
with very fine fireworks. 

My poor brother continuing iU, I went not 
from him till the 17th, when, dining at the Groom- 
Porter's, I heard Sir Edward Sutton play excellently 
on the Irish harp; he performs genteelly, but 
not approaching my worthy friend, Mr. Cktrk,^ a 
gentleman of Northumberland, who makes it 

^ Sir Elisha Leighton, d, l685. He was one of the secretaries 
to the Prize Office, and F.R.S. from 1663 to 1677. ''A mad 
freaking fellow " — according to one authority — though a D.C.L. 
According to another, '* for a speech of forty words the wittiest 
man that ever he knew/' and moreover " one of the best com- 
panions at a meal in the world." 

* [Richard Evelyn of Woodcote.] 

• See anUy p. 76.] 

* See post, under 27th June, 1675. 

^ [Dr. John Tillotson, 1630-94, afterwards Archbishop of 
Canterbury.] 

• [See ante, p. 70.] 



292 THE DIARY OF lees 

execute lute, viol, and all the harmony an mstru- 
ment is capable of ; pity 'tis that it is not more in 
use ; but, indeed, to play well, takes up the whole 
man, as Mr. Clark has assured me, who, though a 
gentleman of quality and parts, was yet brought 
up to that instrument from five years old, as I 
remember he told me. 

25tk November. I waited on Liord Sandwich, who 
^resented me with a Sembrculor ^ he brought out of 
. Ipain, showing me his two books of observations 
made during hb embassy and stay at Madrid ; in 
which were several rare things he promised to 
impart to me. 

27th. I dined at my Lord Ashley's (since Earl 
of Shaftesbury),* when the match of my niece * was 
proposed for his only son, in which my assistance 
was desired for my Lord. 

2Sth. Dr. Patrick * preached at Covent Garden, 
on Acts xviL 81, the certainty of Christ's coming 
to judgment, it being Advent; a most suitable 
discourse. 

19th December. I went to see the old play of 
Catiline acted,^ having been now forgotten almost 
forty years. 

20th. I dined with my Lord Combury at 
Clarendon House, now bravely furnished, especially 
with the pictures of most of our ancient and 
modem wits, poets, philosophers, fSetmous and 

^ [A new engine for ploughing^ equal sowing, and harrowing 
at once. There is a letter by Evelyn to Lord Brouncker on this 
in the Mtscellaneous Writings, 1S25, pp. 621-22. It is also de- 
scribed by its inventor, Don Joseph Lucatelo, in PhiL Trans, 
June, 1670, No. 60, vol v. p. 1056. J 

s [Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1621-83, created Earl of Shaftes- 
bury in 1672.J 

> Probably the daughter of his brother Richard, of Epsom, 
who eventually married William Montagu. 

* [Dr. Simon Patrick, 1626-1707, champion of the Protestant 
party, and eventually Bishop of Ely.] 

^ [Catiline, his Conspifxuy, by Ben Jonson, a Tragedy, l6ll.] 



1668 JOHN EVELYN 298 

learned Englishmen; which collection of the 
Chancellor's I much commended, and gave his 
Lordship a catalogue of more to be added.^ 

^ In a letter to the Lord Chancellor^ dated 18th March, 
1666-67, Evelyn writes : 

'' My Lord, your Lordship inquires of me what pictures might 
be added to the Assembly of the Learned and Heroic persons of 
England which your Lordship has already collected ; the design 
of which I do infinitely more magnify than the most £Eunous 
heads of foreigners, which do not concern the gloiy of our 
country ; and it is in my opinion the most honourable ornament, 
the most becoming and obliging, which your Lordship can think 
of to adorn your palace withal ; such, therefore, as seem to be 
wanting, I shall range under these three heads : 

T^E Learned. 

Sir Hen. Saville. Geo. Ripley. 

Abp. of Armagh. Wm. of Occam. 

Dr. Harvey. Hadrian 4th. 

Sir H. Wotton. Alex. Ales. 

Sir T. Bodley. Yen. Bede. 

G. Buchanan. Jo. Duns Scotui. 

Jo. Barclay. Alcuinus,*! 

Ed. Spenser. Ridley, }-mart3rr8. 

Wm. liUy. Latimer, J 

Wm. Hooker. Roger Ascham. 

Dr. Sanderson. Sir J. Cheke. 

Wm. Oughtred. i ^^:^ / Elis. Joan Weston,* 

M. Philips. *^^^ t Jane Grey. 

Rog. Bacon. 

POUTICIANS. 

Sir Fra. Walsingham. Card. Wolsey. 

Earl of Leicester. Sir T. Smith. 

Sir W. Raleigh. Card. Pole. 

8ou>mt8. 

Sir Fra. Drake. Earl of Essex. 

Sir J. Hawkins. Talbot 

Sir Martin Frobisher. Sir F. Greville. 

Tha Cavendish. Hor. E of Oxford. 
Sir Ph. Sidney. 

* For an account of Lady Joan Weston, less known than her com- 
panion, see George Ballard^s Ltonud Ladiss^ 1775. There is a very 
scarce volume of Latin Poems by her, printed at Plrague, 1606, and Evehrn 
specially mentions her in his Nmrnmnata, She is often celebrated by the 
writers of her time. 

Some of which, though difficult to procure originals of, yet haply 



294 THE DIARY OF iw 

8lst December. I entertained my kind neigh- 
bours, according to custom, giving Almighty Gkxl 
thanks for His gracious mercies to me the past year. 

1668-9 : 1st January. Imploring His blessing 
for the year entering, I went to church, where our 
Doctor preached on Psalm Ixv. 12, apposite to the 
season, and beginning a new year. 

Srd. About this time one of Sir William Penn's 
sons had pubhshed a blasphemous book against the 
Deity of our Blessed Lord.^ 

29^^ I went to see a tall gigantic woman who 
measured 6 feet 10 inches high, at 21 years old, 
bom in the Low Countries. 

19th February. I presented his Majesty with 
my History of the Four [?] Impostors ; * he told 
me of other like cheats. I gave my book to Lord 
Arlington, to whom I dedicated it. It was now 
that he b^an to tempt me about writing ^'the 
Dutch War." » 

\5th. Saw Mrs. Philips' Horace* acted again. 

ISth. To the Royal Society, when Signor 

copies might be found out upon diligent inquiry. The rest, I 
tMnk, your Lordship has ahready in good proportion." 

Writing on the same subject to Pep3rs, in a letter dated 12th 
August, l6S9, Evelyn tells him mat the Lord Chancellor 
Clarendon had collected Portraits of very many of our great 
men; and he proceeds to put them down, without order or 
arrangement, as he recollected them. He gives also there a 
list of Portraits which he recommended to be added, a Httle 
different from the list contained in the letter above quoted ; and 
he adds, that '^ when Lord Clarendon's design of making this 
collection was known, eveiybody who had any of the portraits, 
or could purchase them at any price, strove to make their court 
by presenting them. By this means he got many excellent 
pieces of Vandyck, and other originals by Lely and other the 
best of our modem masters." 

1 gee arUe, p. 287.1 

^ The History of the Three late Famon» Imnotlors, vie. Padre 
Ottonumoy Mahomed Bei, and Sabatcu Sevi, l6o9. Reprinted in 
Evelyn's Miscellaneous Writings, pp. .563-620. 

• [See ante, p. 230.] 

* See ante, p. 285. 



1669 JOHN EVELYN 295 

Malpighi/ an Italian physician and anatomist, sent 
this learned body the incompaiable History of the 
Silkworm. 

1^^ March. Dined at Lord Arlington's at 
Goring House,' with the Bishop of Hereford. 

Uk. To the Council of the Uoyal Society, about 
disposing my Lord Howard's library, now given 
to us.' 

l%th. To London, to place Mr. Christopher 
Wase * about my Lord Arlington. 

\%th. I went with Lord Howard of Norfolk, to 
visit Sir William Ducie at Charlton,^ where we 
dined ; the servants made our coachmen so drunk, 
that they both fell off their boxes on the heath, 
where we were &in to leave them, and were driven 
to London by two servants of my Lord's. This 
barbarous custom of making the masters welcome 
by intoxicating the servants, had now the second 
time happened to my coachmen.^ 

My son came finally from Oxford. 

2nd April Dined at Mr. Treasurer's, where 
was (with many noblemen) Colonel Titus of the 
bedchamber, author of the famous piece against 
Cromwell, KiUing no Murder J 

I now placed Mr. Wase with Mr. Williamson, 
Secretary to the Secretary of State, and Clerk of 
the Papers. 

^ Marcellus Malpighi^ 1628-94^9 was eminent for his discoveries 
respecting the economy of the liver and kidneys, and for his 
researches in vegetable physiology. 

s [See ante, p. 226. iJie last Earl of Norwich let Goring 
House to Lord Arlington in 1666. It was burned down in 
September, l674.] 



» [See anU, p. 267.] * [See anUy p. 50.1 

See anUe, p. 4.] ^ [See anU, p. 81.] 



rSilius Titus, 1623-1704. The apology for tyrannicide 
called KiUmg no Murder, May, l657> is now attributed to 
Edward Sezby, d, 1658, but Titus may have had a hand in it. It 
is reprinted in Henry Morley's Famous PamphieU, and the HarleUm 
MuceUany, iv. 289.] 



296 THE DIARY OF im« 

lUh April I dined with the Archbishop of 
Canterbury, at Lambeth, and saw the library, 
which was not very considerable. 

19th May. At a Council of the Royal Society 
our grant was finished, in which his Majesty gives 
us Chelsea Collie ; ^ and some land about it It 
was ordered that five should be a quorum for a 
Council. The Vice-President was then sworn for 
the first time, and it was proposed how we should 
receive the Prince of Tuscany, who desired to 
visit the Society. 

20^^ This evening, at 10 o'clock, was bom my 
third daughter, who was baptized on the 25th by 
the name of Susannah.' 

8rd Ju7ie. Went to take leave of Lord Howard, 
going Ambassador to Morocco/ Dined at Lord 
Arlington's, where were the Earl of Berkshire, 
Lord Saint John, Sir Robert Howard, and Sir R. 
Holmes.^ 

10^^ Came my Lord Combury, Sir William 
Pulteney,^ and others to visit me. I went this 
evening to London, to carry Mr. P3>ys to mv 
brother Richard, now exceedingly afflicted with 
the stone, who had been successfully cut,' and 
carried the stone as big as a tennis-ball to show 
him, and encourage his resolution to go through 
the operation. 

SOth. My wife went a journey of pleasure down 

^ [See ante, p. 281. The conversion of Chelsea College into a 
house for the meetings of the Royal Society was never put into 
effect] 

^ [Afterwards Mrs. William Draper. See pad, under 19th 
February, 1693.] 

> [See anU, p. 283.1 

« [Admiral Sir Robert Hohnes, 1622-92, Governor in this 
year of the Isle of Wight.] 

^ Grrandfather of the first Earl of Bath. He was a Com- 
missioner of the Privy Seal under William III., and died in l67l. 

^ [This is Evelyn's first mention of his brother diarist, whose 
records end 31st May in this year.] 



1669 JOHN EVELYN 297 

the river as far as the sea, with Mrs. Howard ^ and 
her daughter,' the Maid of Honour, and others, 
amongst whom that excellent creature Mrs. 
Blagffe.^ 

ftk July. I went towards Oxford ; lay at Little 
Wycombe. 

%th. Oxford. 

9th. In the morning, was celebrated the Encaenia 
of the New Theatre, so magnificently built by the 
munificence of Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop of 
Canterbury, in which was spent £25,000, as Sir 
Christopher Wren, the architect (as I remember), 
told me ; and yet it was never seen by the bene- 
factor, my Lord Archbishop having told me that 
he never did or never would see it It is, in truth, 
a fiEtbric comparable to any of this kind of former 
ages, and doubtless exceeding any of the present, 
as tliis University does for collies, libraries, 
schools, students, and order, all the Universities in 
the world. To the theatre is added the famous 
Shddonian printing-house. This being at the Act 
and the first time of opening the Theatre (Acts 
being formerly kept in St. Mary's Church, which 
might be thought indecent, that being a place set 
apart for the immediate worship of God, and was 
the inducement for building this noble pile), it was 
now resolved to keep the present Act in it, and 
celebrate its dedication with the greatest splendour 
and formality that might be ; and, therefore, drew 

1 [Mrs. Howard was the widow of William, fourth son of the 
first Earl of Berkshire.] 

' [Anne^ afterwards married to Sir Gabriel Sylvius, Hofineister 
or Chamberlain to the Prince of Orange.] 

< Margaret Blagge^ afterwards Mrs. Godolphin, 1652-78, 
whose life, written by Evelyn, was miblished in 1847 under the 
auspices of Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford. It has 
recently, 1904, been reprinted in the series oi" King's Gassics '* 
edited by Professor Gollanc£. (See posl, under 9th September, 
1678.) 



298 THE DIARY OF leea 

a world of strangers, and other company, to the 
University, from all parts of the nation. 

The Vice -Chancellor, Heads of Houses, and 
Doctors, being seated in magisterial seats, the 
Vice-Chancellor s chair and desk. Proctors', etc, 
covered with brocatelle (a kind of brocade) and 
cloth of gold ; the University R^istrar read the 
founder's grant and gift of it to the University 
for their scholastic exercises upon these solemn 
occasions. Then followed Dr. South,^ the Uni- 
versity's orator, in an eloquent speech, which was 
very long, and not without some malicious and 
indecent reflections on the Royal Society, as under* 
miners of the University ; which was very foolish 
and untrue, as well as unseasonable. But, to let 
that pass from an iU-natured man, the rest was in 
praise of the Archbishop and the inirenious architect, 
^his ended, after loJd music ^m the corridor 
above, where an organ was placed, there followed 
divers panegyric speeches, both in prose and verse, 
interchangeably pronounced by the youngstudents 
placed in ttie rostrums, in JPindarics, Eclogues, 
Heroics, etc., mingled with excellent music, vocal 
and instrumental, to entertain the ladies and the 
rest of the company. A speech was then made in 
praise of academical learninir. This lasted from 
eleven in the morning tiU siven at ni^ht, which 
was concluded with ringing of bells, ana universal 
joy and feasting. 

10th July. The next day b^an the more 
solemn lectures in all the faculties, which were 

{erformed in the several schools, where all the 
nceptor-Doctors did their exercises, the Professors 
having first ended their reading. The assembly 
now returned to the Theatre, where the Terrce 
fiUtLS (the University Buffban) entertained the audi- 
tory with a tedious, abusive, sarcastical rhapsody, 

1 [See atUe, p. 207.] 



1669 JOHN EVELYN 299 

most unbecoming the gravity of the University, 
and that so grossly, that unless it be suppressed, it 
will be of ill consequence, as I afterwanls plainly 
expressed my sense of it both to the Vice-Chancellor 
and several Heads of Houses, who were perfectly 
ashamed of it, and resolved to take care of it in 
future. The old facetious way of rallying upon 
the questions was left off, falling wholly upon 
persons, so that it was rather licentious lying and 
railing than genuine and noble wit In my ufe, I 
was never witness of so shameful entertainment 
After this ribaldry, the Proctors made their 
speeches. Then began the music Act, vocal and 
instrumental, above in the balustrade corridor 
opposite to the Vice-Chancellor's seat Then, Dr. 
Wallis,^ the mathematical Professor, made his 
oration, and created one Doctor of music according 
to the usual ceremonies of gown (which was of 
white damask), cap, ring, kiss, etc Next followed 
the disputations of the Inceptor-Doctors in Medi- 
cine, the speech of their Professor, Dr. Hyde,* and so 
in course their respective creations. Then disputed 
the Inceptors of Law, the speech of their Professor, 
and creation. Lastly, Inceptors of Theology : Dr. 
Compton* (brother to the Earl of Northampton) 

1 [See ante, p. l68j 

2 Thomas Hyde, D.D., 1636-1703, Hebrew Reader, Keeper 
of the Bodleian Library, Prebend of Salisbuiy Cathedral, Regius 
Professor of Hebrew, and canon of Christ Church, Oxford ; autiior 
of a Latin Histoiy of the Ancient Persians and Medes, and one 
of Walton's coadjutors in the great pohrglot Bible. 

' Henry Compton, 1 632- 1713, son of Spencer Compton, second 
Earl of Northampton, slain at the battle of Hopton Heath, 
commenced his career as a comet of dragoons, but after a short 
time abandoned the army for the church, in which he raised 
himself by his talents to be Bishop of Oxford, and in l675 was 
translated to the see of London. He was a zealous Protestant 
during the reign of James IL, and not only was instrumental in 
bringing over William of Orange to this country, but placed the 
crown upon his head, on Archbishop Sancroft refusing to assist 



800 THE DIARY OF ie«9 

being junior, b^an with great modesty and 
applause ; so the rest After which. Dr. Tiuotson, 
Dr. Sprat,^ etc., and then Dr. Allestree's speech,* 
the King's Professor, and their respective creations. 
Liast of all, the Vice-Chancellor, shutting up the 
whole in a panegyrical oration, celebratmg their 
benefactor and the rest, apposite to the occasion. 

Thus was the Theatre aedicated by the scholastic 
exercises in all the Faculties with great solemnity; 
and the night, as the former, entertaining the new 
Doctor's mends in feasting and music I was 
invited by Dr. Barlow,^ the worthy and learned 
Professor of Queen's College. 

11^^ July. The Act sermon was this forenoon 
preached by Dr. Hall,^ in St. Mary's, in an honest 
practical discourse against Atheism. In the 
afternoon, the church was so crowded, that not 
coming early I could not approach to hear. 

12tL Monday. Was neld the Divinity Act 
in the Theatre again, when proceeded seventeen 
Doctors, in all Faculties some.^ 

19th. I dined at the Vice-Chancellor's,' and 
spent the afternoon in seeing the rarities of the 
public libraries, and visiting the noble marbles and 
mscriptions, now inserted in the walls, that compass 
the area of the Theatre, which were 150 of the 
most ancient and worthy treasures of that kind in 
the learned world. Now, observing that people 
approached them too near, some idle persons b^tn 
to scratch and injure them, I advised that a hedge 

at the coronation. He wrote several worics of a religions 
character^ and a translation of the life of Donna Olympia 
Maldachina^ from the Italian. 

^ Dr. Thomas Sprat, 1635-1713, Bishop of Rochester, the 
biographer of Cowley, historian of the Royid Society, and author 
of sundry verses ana sermons. 

« [See (jmU, p. 157.1 » [See ante, p. 77.] 

* See antty p. 135. J » [See tmU, p. 297.] 

• [Dr. Fell (see p. l69).] 



1669 JOHN EVELYN 801 

of holly should be planted at the foot of the wall, 
to be kept breast-high only to protect them ; which 
the Vice -Chancellor promised to do the next 
season. 

lUh July. Dr. Fell,^ Dean of Christ-church, and 
Vice - ChanceUor, with Dr. AUestree, Professor, 
with beadles and maces before them, came to visit 
me at my lodging. — I went to visit Lord Howard's 
sons at Magdalen College. 

15th. Having two days before had notice that 
the University intended me the honour of Doctor- 
ship, I was this morning attended by the beadles 
belonging to the Law, who conducted me to the 
Theatre, where I found the Duke of Ormonde (now 
Chancellor of the University) with the Earl of 
Chesterfield and Mr. Spencer (brother to the late 
Earl of Sunderland).' Thence, we marched to the 
Convocation - House, a convocation having been 
called on purpose ; here, being all of us robed in 
the porch, in scarlet with caps and hoods, we were 
led m by the Professor of Laws, and presented 
respectively by name, with a short eulogy, to the 
Vice-Chancellor, who sate in the chair, witii all the 
Doctors and Heads of Houses and masters about 
the room, which was exceeding full. Then, b^an 
the Public Orator his speech, directed chiefly to 
the Duke of Ormonde, the Chancellor ; but in which 
I had mv compliment, in course. This ended, we 
were called up, and created Doctors according to 
the form, and seated by the Vice-Chancellor amongst 
the Doctors, on his right hand ; then, the Vice- 
Chancellor made a short speech, and so, saluting 
our brother Doctors, the pageantry concluded, and 
the convocation was dissolved. So formal a creation 
of honorary Doctors had seldom been seen, that 

^ Afterwards Bishop of Oxford, l675. 

^ [See poriy under 8th July, \615, where Evelyn says he 
had known Mr. Spencer in France.] 



802 THE DIARY OF iw 

a convocation should be called on purpose^ and 
speeches made by the Orator ; but they could do 
no less, their Chancellor being to receive, or rather 
do them, this honour. I should have been made 
Doctor with the rest at the public Act, but their 
expectation of their Chancellor made them defer it. 
I was then led with my brother Doctors to an ex- 
traordinary entertainment at Doctor Mews',^ head 
of St. John's College, and, after abundance of 
feasting and compliments, having visited the Vice- 
Chancellor and other Doctors, and given them 
thanks for the honour done me, I went towards 
home the 16th, and got as far as Windsor, and so 
to my house the next day. 

Uh August I was invited by Sir Henry Peck- 
ham to his readinff-feast in the Middle Temple, 
a pompous entertainment, where were the Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury, all the great Earls and 
Lords, etc I had much discourse with my Lord 
Winchelsea,' a prodigious talker ; and the Venetian 
Ambassador. 

Vltlu To London, spending almost the entire 
day in surveying what progress was made in re- 
building the ruinous Citv, which now began a little 
to revive after its sad calamity. 

20f A. I saw the splendid audience of the Danish 
Ambassador in the Banqueting-house at WhitehalL 

2Skrd. I went to visit my most excellent and 
worthy neighbour, the Lord Bishop of Rochester,* 
at Bromley, which he was now repairing, after the 
dilapidations of the late Rebellion. 

2n^ September. I was this day very ill of a pain 

1 [Peter Mews, l6l9-1706; President of St John's College, 
Oxford, 1667-73.] 

« [Sec anity p. 147.] 

8 [John Dolben, 1625-86 ; Bishop of Rochester, 1666-83. The 
palace, afterwards improved by Atterbuiy and visited bj Walpole^ 
no longer exists^ and the house which has taken its place is not 
in the diocese of Rochester.] 



1670 JOHN EVELYN 808 

in my limbs, which continued most of this week, 
and was increased by a visit I made to my old 
acquaintance, the Earl of Norwich, at his house in 
Epping Forest, where are many good pictures put 
into the wainscot of the rooms, which Mr. Baker,^ 
his Lordship's predecessor there, brought out of 
Spain ; especially the History of Joseph, a picture 
of the pious and learned Picus Mirandola, and an 
incomparable one of old BruegheL The gardens 
were well understood, I mean the potager. I re- 
turned late in the evening, ferrying over the water 
at Greenwich. 

2Qth September. To church, to give Gk>d thanks 
for my recovery. 

9rd October. I received the Blessed Eucharist, 
to my unspeakable joy. 

21^. To the Royal Society, meeting for the 
first time after a lon^ recess, during vacation, 
according to custom ; where was read a description 
of the prodigious eruption of Mount Etna ; and 
our English itinerant presented an account of his 
autumnal peregrination about England, for which 
we hired nim, bringing dried fowls, fish, plants, 
animals, etc 

2Qth. My dear brother continued extremely full 
of pain, the Lord be gracious to him I 

drd Naoember. This being the day of meeting 
for the poor, we dined neighbourly together. 

25tk. I heard an excellent discourse by Dr. 
Patrick,' on the Resurrection; and afterwards, 
visited the Countess of Kent, my kinswoman. 

8^^ December. To London, upon the second 
edition of my Sylva^^ which I presented to the 
Royal Society. 

1669-70 : %ih February. Dr. John Breton, Master 

^ [The Earl of Norwich (George Goring) had married Mr. 
Baker's widow (see pod, under l6th March, l683).] 

« [See anUy p. 292.] * [See anU, p. 195.] 



804 THE DIARY OF i«7o 

of Emmanuel College, in Cambridge (uncle to our 
vicar)/ preached on John i. 27 ; ** whose shoe-latchet 
I am not worthy to unloose," etc., describing the 
various fashions of shoes, or sandals, worn by the 
Jews, and other nations : of the ornaments of the 
feet : how great persons had servants that took 
them off when they came to their houses, and bare 
them after them : by which pointing the dignity 
of our Saviour, when such a person as St John 
Baptist acknowledged his unworthiness even of 
that mean office. The lawfulness, decentness, and 
necessity, of subordinate d^rees and ranks of men 
and servants, as well in the Church as State : against 
the late levellers, and others of that dangerous 
rabble, who would have all alike. 

8rd March. Finding my brother [Richard] in 
such exceeding torture, and that he now began to 
fall into convulsion-fits, I solemnly set the next 
day apart to b^ of God to mitigate his sufferings, 
and prosper the only means which yet remained ror 
his recovery, he being not only much wasted, but 
exceedingly and all along averse from being cut 
(for the stone) ; but, when he at last consented, and 
it came to the operation, and all things prepared, 
his spirit and resolution fiEtiled. 

6m. Dr. Patrick' preached in Covent Garden 
church. I participated of the Blessed Sacra- 
ment, recommending to God the deplorable condi^ 
tion of my dear brother, who was almost in the 
last agonies of death. I watched late with him 
this night It pleased God to deliver him out of 
this miserable life, towards five o'clock this Monday 
morning, to my unspeakable grief. He was a 
brother whom I most dearly loved, for his many 
virtues ; but two years younger than myself, a sober, 
prudent, worthy gentleman. He had married a 

1 [Dr. Robert Breton of Deptford (see a$Ue, p. 177).] 

2 [Fide supra, p. 303.] 



wo JOHN EVELYN 805 

great fortune, and left one only daughter,^ and 
a noble seat at Woodcote, near Epsom. His body 
was opened, and a stone taken out of his bladder, 
not much bigger than a nutmeg. I returned home 
on the 8th, full of sadness, and to bemoan my loss. 

20th March. A stranger preached at the Savoy 
French church; the Liturgy of the Church of 
England being now used altogether, as translated 
into French by Dr. DureL* 

21st. We all accompanied the corpse of my dear 
brother to Epsom church, where he was decently in- 
terred in the chapel belonging to Woodcote House. 
A great number of friends and gentlemen of the 
country attended, about twenty coaches and six 
horses, and innumerable people. 

22nd. I went to Westminster, where in the 
House of Lords I saw his Majesty sit on his throne,* 
but without his robes, all the peers sitting with 
their hats on ; the business of the day being the 
divorce of my Lord Roos. Such an occasion and 
sight had not been seen in England since the time 
of Henry VIIL* 

^ [Ann (not Maiy) Evelyn, afterwards Mrs. William Montagu 
(see potty under 29tn June, l670V] 

s John Durel, Dean of Windsor, 1625-83. He translated 
the Liturgy into the French and Latin languages, and was 
the author of a Vindication of the Church of England against 
Schismatics, I669. 

* [Marvell, in a letter of 14th April, makes the date 26th 
March. Charles (see next note) was interested in the Roos 
divorce bilL Marvell adds — ^^ The King has ever since continued 
his session among them [the Lords], and says it is better than 
going to a play " (Birrell's Marvell, 1905, p. 149>] 

^ Evelyn subjoins in a note: ''When there was a project, 
1669, for getting a divorce for the Kinff, to £Eicihtate it there was 
brought into the House of Lords a bill for dissolving the marriage 
of Lord Roos, on account of adulteiy, and to give him leave to 
marry again. This Bill, after great debates, passed by the 
plurality of only two votes, and that by the great industry of the 
Lord's friends, as well as the Duke's enemies, who carried it on 
chiefly in hopes it might be a precedent and inducement for the 

VOL. II X 



806 THE DIARY OF mo 

5th May. To London, concerning the office of 
Latin Secretary to his Majesty, a place of more 
honour and dignity than profit, the reversion of 
which he had promised me. 

21st. Came to visit me Mr. Henry Saville,* and 
Sir Charles Scarburgh.* 

2%th. Receiving a letter from Mr. Philip Howard, 
Lord Almoner to the Queen/ that Monsieur Evelin,^ 
first physician to Madame (who was now come to 
Dover to visit the King her brother),* was come to 
town, greatly desirous to see me ; but his stay so 
short, that he could not come to me, I went with 
my brother to meet him at the Tower, where he 
was seeing the magazines and other curiosities. 

King to enter the more easily into their late proposals : nor were 
they a little encouraged tiierein, when they saw the King 
countenance and drive on the Bill in Lord Roos's &vour. Of 
eighteen Bishops that were in the House^ only two voted for 
the biU, of which one voted through age^ and one was reputed 
Socinian." — ^The two Bishops favourable to the bill were Dr. 
Cosin^ Bishop of Durham^ and Dr. Wilkins, Bishop of Chester. 

1 [Henry Savile, 1642-87 ; Vice-Chamberlain, l680, and Envoy 
to Paris, 1679-82.1 

2 rSee ante, p. 63.] 

• [Bee ante, vol. i. p. SITJ 

* [William Yvelin, or Evelin, Physician and Confessor to 
Henry IV., Louis XIII., and Louis XIV. (Bright's Dorking, 1884, 
303). He attended Madame in her last illness, at St. Cloud.] 

^ [The Princess Henrietta (Duchess of Orleans), who had 
come to England on the 25th May, to negotiate the secret (and 
scandalous) Treaty of Dover — the *' TraiU de Madame " — ^which 
was signed on the Ist June. Marvell notes her intended 
advent. " Madam, our King's sister, during the King of France's 
progress in Flanders, is to come as far as Canterbury. There 
will doubtless be family counsels then " (Letter of 14th April in 
Birrell's Marvell, 1905, p. 150). Other forecasters attributed her 
visit to other causes. Lord Halifax (Character of a Trimmer, 
Mucellanies, 1700, p. 74) laid it inter aUa to the Persian costume 
{ante, p. 262) : — " It was thought that one of the Instructions 
Madam brought along with her, was to laugh us out of these 
Vests, which she performed so effectually, that in a moment, 
like so many Footmen who had quitted their Masters' Livery, 
we all took it again, and returned to our old Service."] 



1670 JOHN EVELYN 807 

having never before been in England : we renewed 
our aUiance and friendship,^ with much regret on 
both sides that, he being to return towards Dover 
that evening, we could not enjoy one another any 
longer. How this French fanuly, Ivelin, of Evelin, 
Normandy, a very ancient and noble house, is grafted 
into our pedigree, see in the collection brought from 
Paris, 1650. 

16th June. I went with some friends to the Bear 
Garden,^ where was cock-fighting, dog-fighting, 
bear and bull baiting, it being a famous day for ful 
these butcherly sports, or rather barbarous cruelties. 
The bulls did exceeding well, but the Irish wolf- 
dog exceeded, which was a tall grey-hound, a stately 
creature indeed, who beat a cruel mastiff. One of 
the bulls tossed a dog full into a lady's lap as she 
sate in one of the boxes at a considerable height 
from the arena. Two poor dogs were killed, and 
so all ended with the ape on horseback, and I most 
heartily weary of the rude and dirty pastime, which 
I had not seen, I think, in twenty years before. 

IStk. Dined at Goring House,* whither my Lord 
Arlington carried me from Whitehall with the 
Marquis of Worcester;* there, we found Lord 
Sandwich, Viscount Stafford,* the Lieutenant of 
the Tower, and others. After dinner, my Lord 
communicated to me his Majesty's desire that I 
would engage to write the History of our late War 

^ [Evelyn must have already met his French kinsman at Paris.] 

^ [In the Bankside^ Southwark, near to the old Palace of the 
Bishops of Winchester, and the prison caUed the Clink. Pepys 
also saw a dog tossed into the boxes (14th August, l665). ^^ It 
is a veiy rude and nasty pleasure/' he says. But he went again.] 

« [See ante, p. 226.] 

* [Henry Somerset, third Marquis of Worcester, 1629-1700, 
afterwards first Duke of Beaufort] 

^ William Howard, first Viscount Stafford, l6l4-80, fifth son 
of Thomas, Earl of Arundel. In l678, he was accused of com- 
plicity with the Popish Plot, and upon trial by his Peers in 
Westminster Hall, was found guilty, and beheaded. 



808 THE DIARY OF lero 

with the Hollanders, which I had hitherto declined ; 
this I found was ill taken, and that I should dis- 
oblige his Majesty, who had made choice of me to 
do him this service, and, if I would undertake it, 
I should have all the assistance the Secretary's 
office and others could give me, with other encour- 
agements, which I could not decently refuse.^ 

Lord Stafford rose from table, in some disorder, 
because there were roses stuck about the firuit 
when the dessert was set on the table;' such an 
antipathy, it seems, he had to them as once Lady 
St. L^er also had, and to that d^ree that, as Sir 
Kenelm Digby tells us, laying but a rose upon her 
cheek when she was asleep, it raised a blister ; but 
Sir Kenelm was a teller of strange things. 

24M June. Came the Earl of Huntingdon and 
Countess,' with the Lord Sherard, to visit us. 

29ttu To London, in order to my niece*s 
marriage, Mary,^ daughter to my late brother 
Richard, of Woodcote, with the eldest son of 
Mr. Attorney Montagu,^ which was celebrated 

1 [See ante, p. 294; andpof^^ pp. 314, 315, and 318.] 

* [Montaigne, in the twenty-fifth chapter of his first Book, 
refers to scmie kindred antipathies. Germanicus (he says) 
* could not abide to see a cock, or heare his crowing " — in which 
latter peculiarity he must have resembled Carlyle. ''I have 
scene some to steurtle at the smell of an apple, more than at the 
shot of a peece " (Florio's translation). Several other instances 
are given in Kirby*s Wandefful Museum, 1805, iiL pp. 122-23. 
The Due d'Epemon, an admiral of France, fainted at the sight 
of a leveret; C^sar d'Albret was taken ill whenever he saw a 
sucking-pig at table; La Mothe le Vayer (who delighted in 
thunder) was unable to endure musical instruments of any kind ; 
Hobbes of Malmesbury could not bear to be left in the dark ; 
Tycho Brahe was grievously afilected by hares or foxes ; and so 
many people object to cheese that a Groningen philosopher, 
Martin Schock, composed a treatise De Avemone CaseL (Cf also 
Pepys' Diary, 12th July, 1666.).] 

' [Theopmlus Hastings, seventh Earl of Huntingdon, l650- 
1701.J[ * [See ttfUe, p. 292, ji. S.] 

^ [Sir William Montagu, I6l9-1706; Chief Baron of the 
Exchequer, l676.] 



1670 JOHN EVELYN 809 

at Southampton House chapel, after which a 
magnificent entertainment, feast, and dancing, 
dinner and supper, in the great room there; but 
the bride was bedded at my sister s lodging, in 
Drury-Lane. 

Qth July. Came to visit me Mr. Stanhope, 
Gentleman-Usher to her Majesty, and uncle to the 
Elarl of Chesterfield, a very fine man, with my 
Lady Hutcheson. 

\9th. I accompanied my worthy friend, that 
excellent man Sir Robert Murray,^ with Mr. 
Slingsby, Master of the Mint, to see the latter's 
seat and estate at Burrow Green in Cambridge- 
shire, he desiring our advice for placing a new 
house, which he was resolved to build. ^ We set 
out in a coach and six horses with him and his 
lady, dined about midway at one Mr. Turner's, 
where we found a very noble dinner, venison, 
music, and a circle of country ladies and their 
gallants. After dinner, we proceeded, and came 
to Burrow Green that night This had been the 
ancient seat of the Chekes (whose daughter Mr. 
Slingsby married), formerly tutor to King Henry 
[? Edward] VI. The old house large and ample, 
and built for ancient hospitality, ready to fall down 
with age, placed in a dirty hole, a stiff" clay, no 
water, next an adjoining church-yard, and with 
other inconveniences. We pitched on a spot of 
rising pound, adorned with venerable woods, a 
dry and sweet prospect east and west, and fit for 
a park, but no running water ; at a mile distance 
from the old house. 

20th. We went to dine at Lord Allington's,' 

^ [See ante, p. 159-] 

' It is probable that Slingsby did not build^ and that after his 
misfortanes (see post, under 12th Januaiy, I688) it was sold. 
Lysons tells us, in nis Magna Britofmia, 1810, ii. 96, that all which 
remained of an old brick mansion was converted into a farm-house. 

• Since Constable of the Tower. — Evelyn's Note. 



810 THE DIARY OF wo 

who had newly built a house of great cost, 
I believe little less than £20,000.^ His architect 
was Mr. Pratt It is seated in a park, with a 
sweet prospect and stately avenue ; but water still 
defective ; the house has also its infirmities. Went 
back to Mr. Slingsby's. 

22nd July. We rode out to see the great mere, 
or level, of recovered fen land, not far off. In the 
way, we met Lord Arlington going to his house in 
Suffolk, accompanied with Count Ogniati, the 
Spanish minister, and Sir Bernard Gascoigne ; ' he 
was very importunate with me to go with him 
to Euston, being but fifteen miles distant; but 
in regard of my company, I could not So, pass- 
ing through Newmarket, we alighted to see his 
Majesty's house there, now new-building;* the 
arches of the cellars beneath are well turned by 
Mr. Samuel, the architect, the rest mean enough, 
and hardly fit for a hunting-house. Many of the 
rooms above had the chimneys in the angles and 
corners, a mode now introduced by his Majesty, 
which I do at no hand approve of. I predict it 
will spoil many noble houses and rooms, if followed. 
It does only well in very small and trifling rooms, 

^ At Horseheath. The Allingtons were settled here before 
1429: £vel3m's friend^ William, who built the house above 
referred to, had been created an Irish Peer in l646 by the title of 
Lord Allington. Lysons says the house cost £70,000, and with 
the estate was sold, about 1d87, to Mr. John Bromley for J&42,000, 
who expended £30,000 more on the building. His grandson was 
created Lord Montford, in 1741. In 1776, the second Lord 
Montford sold the estate, the house being sold, in 1777, for the 
materials, to be pulled down. See Lysons, Magna Britannia, 
1810, ii. pp. 216, 217. 

* [Sir Bernard Gascoigne, 1 614-87, afterwards Envoy to 
Vienna.] 

^ [In High Street. It occupied the site of the lodge erected 
W James I. ; and was sold pursuant to 57 Geo. III. cap. 97. 
llie part which remains belongs to the Duke of Rutland ; where 
the rest stood, there is now an Independent Chapel (Murray's 
Suffolk, etc., 1892, p. 411).] 



1670 JOHN EVELYN 811 

but takes from the state of greater. Besides, this 
house is placed in a dirty street/ without any court 
or avenue, like a common one, whereas it might, 
and ought to have been built at either end of the 
town, upon the very carpet where the sports are 
celebrated ; but, it being the purchase of an old 
wretched house of my Lord Thomond's, his Majesty 
was persuaded to set it on that foundation, the 
most improper imaginable for a house of sport and 
pleasure.^ 

We went to see the stables and fine horses, of 
which many were here kept at a vast expense, with 
all the art and tenderness imaginable. 

Being arrived at some meres, we found Lord 
Wotton* and Sir John Kiviet* about their drain- 
ing-engines, having, it seems, undertaken to do 
wonders on a vast piece of marsh-ground they had 
hired of Sir Thomas Chicheley (Master of the 
Ordnance).* They much pleased themselves with 
the hopes of a rich harvest of hemp and cole-seed, 
which was the crop expected. 

Here we visited the engines and mills both for 
wind and water, draining it through two rivers, or 
grafis, cut by hand, and capable of carrying con- 
siderable barges, which went thwart one the other, 
discharging the water into the sea. Such this spot 
had been tiie former winter ; it was astonishing to 
see it now dry, and so rich that weeds grew on the 
banks, almost as high as a man and horse. Here, 
my Lord and his partner had built two or three 
rooms, with Flanders white bricks, very hard. One 
of the great engines was in the kitchen, where I 
saw the fish swim up, even to the very chimney- 

1 [See note^ p. 310.] 

2 Sold by the Crown in 1816. 

* [Charles Henry Kirkhoven^ first Baron Wotton of Wotton, 
and Earl of Bellomont, d. l6S3. See pott, under 2nd June^ 1676.] 

* See ante, p. 266. « [See ante, p. 247.] 



812 THE DIARY OF im 

hearth, by a small cut through the room, and 
running within a foot of the very fire. 

Having, after dinner, rid about that vast level, 
pestered with heat and swarms of gnats, we re- 
turned over Newmarket Heath, the way being 
mostly a sweet turf and down, like Salisbury Plain, 
the jockeys breathing their fine barbs and racers, 
and giving them their heats. 

28rd July. We returned from Burrow Green to 
London, staying some time at Audley End,^ to see 
that fine palace. It is indeed a cheerful piece of 
Gothic building, or rather antico moderno, but 
placed in an obscure bottom. The cellars and 
galleries are very stately. It has a river by it, a 
pretty avenue of limes, and m a park. 

This is in Safiron Walden parish, famous for that 
useful plant, with which all the country is covered. 

Dinmg at Bishop Stortford, we came late to 
London. 

5th August. There was sent me by a neighbour 
a servant-maid, who, in the last month, as she was 
sitting before her mistress at work, felt a stroke on 
her arm a little above the wrist for some height, 
the smart of which, as if struck by another hand, 
caused her to hold her arm awhile till somewhat 
mitigated ; but it put her into a kind of convul- 
sion, or rather hysteric fit A gentleman, coming 
casually in, looking on her arm, found that part 
powdered with red crosses, set in most exact and 
wonderful order, neither swelled nor depressed, 

about this shape, 

/\ 

X X 

XXX 

X X 

X 

not seeming to be any way made by artifice, of a 

1 [See ante, p. 97.] 



1670 JOHN EVELYN 818 

reddish colour^ not so red as blood, the skin over 
them smooth, the rest of the arm livid and of a 
mortified hue, with certain prints as it were of the 
stroke of fingers. This had happened three several 
times in July, at about ten days' interval, the 
crosses beginning to wear out, but the successive 
ones set in other different, yet uniform order. The 
maid seemed very modest, and came from London 
to Deptford with her mistress, to avoid the dis- 
course and importunity of curious people. She 
made no gain by it, pretended no religious fancies ; 
but seemed to be a plain, ordinary, sUent, working 
wench, somewhat fat, short, and high-coloured. 
She told me divers divines and physicians had seen 
her, but were unsatisfied ; that she had taken some 
remedies against her fits, but they did her no good ; 
she had never before had any fits ; once since, she 
seemed in her sleep to hear one say to her that she 
should tamper no more with them, nor trouble her- 
self with anything that happened, but put her 
trust in the merits of Christ only. 

This is the substance of what she told me, and 
what I saw and curiously examined. I was formerly 
acquainted with the impostorious nuns of Loudun, 
in France, which made much noise amongst the 
Papists ; I therefore thought this worth the notice. 
I remember Monsieur Monconys^ (that curious 
traveller and a Roman Catholic) was by no means 
satisfied with the stigmata of those nuns, because 
they were so shy of letting him scrape the letters, 
which were Jesus, Maria, Joseph (as I think), ob- 
serving they began to scale oS with it, whereas this 
poor wench was willing to submit to any trial ; so 

1 Balthasar de Monconys, 1611-65, a Frenchman^ celebrated 
for his travels in the East^ which were published in three volumes^ 
1665-66. His object was to discover vestiges of the philosophy 
(yf Trismegistus and Zoroaster ; in which, it is hardly necessary 
to add, he was not very successful. 



814 THE DIARY OF wo 

that I profess I know not what to thmk of it» nor 
dare I pronounce it anything supematuraL 

26th AuguM. At Windsor I supped with the 
Duke of Monmouth ; and, the next day» invited by 
Lord Arlington, dined with the same Duke, and 
divers Lords. After dinner, my Lord and I had a 
conference of more than an hour alone in his bed- 
chamber, to engage me in the History. I showed 
him something that I had drawn up, to his great 
satisfaction, and he desired me to show it to the 
Treasurer. 

2Sth. One of the Canons preached ; then followed 
the oflfering of the Knights of the Order, according 
to custom; first the poor Knights, in procession, 
then, the Canons in thek formalities, the Dean and 
Chancellor, then his Majesty (the Sovereign), the 
Duke of York, Prince Rupert; and, lastly, the 
Earl of Oxford, being all the Knights that were 
then at Court 

I dined with the Treasurer, and consulted with 
him what pieces I was to add ; in the afternoon^ 
the King took me aside into the balcony over the 
terrace, extremely pleased with what had been told 
him I had begun, in order to his commands, and 
enjoining me to proceed vigorously in it. He told 
me he had ordered the Secretaries of State to give 
me all necessary assistance of papers and particulars 
relating to it, and enjoining me to make it a little 
keeUf for that the Hollanders had very unhandsomely 
abused him in their pictures, books, and libels. 

Windsor was now going to be repaired, being 
exceedingly ragged and ruinous. Prince Rupert, 
the Constable, had begun to trim up the keep or 
high round Tower, and handsomely adorned his 
him with furniture of arms, which was very singular, 
by so disposing the pikes, muskets, pistols, bando- 
leers, holsters, drums, back, breast, and headpieces, 
as was very extraordinary. Thus, those huge steep 



W70 JOHN EVELYN 815 

stairs ascending to it had the walls invested with 
this martial furniture, all new and bright, so dis- 
posing the bandoleers, holsters, and drums, as to 
represent festoons, and that without any confusion, 
trophy-like. From the hall we went into his bed- 
chamber, and ample rooms hung with tapestry, 
curious and effeminate pictures, so extremely 
different from the other, which presented nothing 
but war and horror. 

The King passed most of his time in hunting the 
stag, and walking in the park, which he was now 
planting with rows of trees. 

18th September. To visit Sir Richard Lashford, 
my kinsman, and Mr. Charles Howard,^ at his 
extraordinary garden, at Deepdene. 

15th. I went to visit Mr. Arthur Onslow, at 
West Clandon, a pretty dry seat on the Downs,* 
where we dined in his great room. 

17th. To visit Mr. Hussey,* who, being near 
Wotton, lives in a sweet valley, deliciously watered. 

28rd. To Albury, to see how that garden pro- 
ceeded, which I found exactly done to the desirni 
and plot I had made, with the crypta through tne 
mountain in the park, thirty perches in lei^h. 
Such a FausiUppe^ is nowhere in England. The 
canal was now digging, and the vineyard planted. 

l^th October. I spent the whole afternoon in 
private with the Treasurer, who put into my hands 
those secret pieces and transactions concerning the 
Dutch war, and particularly the expedition of 

1 [See anU, p. 190.1 

' [Clandon Park, West Clandon. The present house was 
built by Giacomo Leoni in 1731, and the park laid out by 
" Capability " Brown.] 

' [Peter Hussey, at Sutton in Shere (see pott, under 30th 
August, 1681.] 

^ See ittUe, p. 281. " Pausilippe " is a word adapted by Evelyn 
for a subterranean passage from the famous Grotta di Posilipo 
near Naples. 



316 THE DIARY OF i«7o 

Bergen^ in which he had himself the chief part, and 
gave me instructions, till the King arriving from 
Newmarket, we both went up into his bedchamber. 

21st October. Dined with the Treasurer; and, 
after dinner, we were shut up together. I received 
other [further] advices, ana ten paper -books of 
despatches and treaties ; to return which again I 
gave a note under my hand to Mr. Joseph William- 
son, Master of the Paper-office. 

81^^. I was this morning fifty years of age ; the 
Lord teach me to number my days so as to apply 
them to his glory ! Amen. 

^th November. Saw the Prince of Orange,^ newly 
come to see the King, his uncle ; he has a manly, 
courageous, wise countenance, resembling bos 
mother^ and the Duke of Gloucester, both deceased. 

I now also saw that famous beauty, but in my 
opinion of a childish, simple, and baby face. 
Mademoiselle K^roualle,^ lately Maid of Honour to 
Madame, and now to be so to the Queen. 

23rd. Dined with the Earl of Arlington, where 
was the Venetian Ambassador, of whom I now 
took solemn leave, now on his return. There were 
also Lords Howard, Wharton, Windsor, and divers 
other ffreat persons. 

24<A. I dined with the Treasurer,* where was 
the Earl of Rochester, a very profane wit* 

^ [William, Prince of Orange, afterwards William III.J 
^ f Mary, daughter of Charles I. and Henrietta Maria.] 
^ Louise- Ren^e de Penancoet de K6roualle, 1649-1734. She 
had been of the suite of Madame, and came over again to entice 
Charles into coalition with Louis XIV. — a design which suc- 
ceeded but too well. She became the King's mistress, was 
made Duchess of Portsmouth and Aubigny, and was his fiivourite 
till his death. [There is a beautiful portrait of her by Pierre 
Mignard, painted in l682, in the National Portrait Gallery. It 
has been reproduced for Uiis edition.] 
« rSir Thomas Clifford (see mUe, p. 265).] 
^ [John Wilmot^ second Earl of Rochester^ 1 647-80^ whose 
life was afterwards written by Burnet in 1680.] 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 817 

ISth December. It was the thickest and darkest 
fog on the Thames that was ever known in the 
memory of man» and I happened to be in the very 
midst of it. I supped with Monsieur Zulestein, 
late Governor to the late Prince of Orange. 

1670-1 : 10th January. Mr. Bohim» my son s 
tutor, had been five years in my house, and now 
Bachelor of Laws, and Fellow of New College, 
went from me to Oxford to reside there, having 
well and fiEuthfully performed his charge.^ 

ISth. This day, I first acquainted his Majesty 
with that incomparable young man. Gibbons,^ whom 
I had lately met with in an obscure place by mere 
accident, L I was walking near aV Military 
thatched house, in a field in our parish, near Sayes 
Court I found him shut in; but looking in at 
the window, I perceived him carving that large 
cartoon, or crucifix, of Tintoretto, a copy of which 
I had myself brought from Venice, where the 
original painting remains. I asked if I might 
enter ; he opened the door civilly to me, and I saw 
him about such a work as for the curiosity of 
handling, drawing, and studious exactness, I never 
had before seen in all my travels. I questioned 
him why he worked in such an obscure and lone- 
some place ; he told me it was that he might apply 
himseu to his profession without interruption, and 
wondered not a little how I found him out I 
asked if he was unwilling to be made known to 

See ante, p. 233,] 

*The fiunous wood -carver, Grinling Gibbons, 1648-1720. 
He was bom in Rotterdam. He usuallj worked in lime-wood ; 
but he also used box, oak, and pear. There are samples of his 
work in St. Paul's ; at Cambridge (Trinity College Libraiy) ; at 
Chatsworth, Petworth, and at many seats of the nobihty. He 
was also a sculptor, witness the pedestal of the statue of Charles 
II. in the courtyard at Windsor (see post, under 24th July, 1680), 
and the bronze statue of James II., long in Whitehall Gardens, 
and now at the back of the Admiralty. There is a portrait of 
him by Kneller, engraved in messotint by John Smith.] 



1 
s 



818 THE DIARY OF i«7i 

some great man» for that I believed it might turn 
to his profit ; he answered, he was yet but a 
beginner, but would not be sorry to sell off that 
piece ; on demanding the price, he said £100. In 
good earnest, the very frame was worth the money, 
there being nothing in nature so tender and delicate 
as the flowers and festoons about it, and yet the 
work was very strong ; in the piece were more than 
one hundred figures of men, etc I found he was 
likewise musical, and very civil, sober, and discreet 
in his discourse. There was only an old woman in 
the house. So, desiring leave to visit him some- 
times, I went away. 

Of this young artist, together with my manner 
of finding him out, I acquwited the King, and 
b^ged that he would give me leave to bring him 
and his work to Whitehall, for that I would adven- 
ture my reputation with his Majesty that he had 
never seen anything approach it, and that he would 
be exceedingly pleased, and employ him. The 
King said he would himself go see him. This was 
the first notice his Majesty ever had of Mr. 
Gibbons. 

20th January. The King came to me in the 
Queens withdrawing -room from the circle of 
ladies, to talk with me as to what advance I 
had made in the Dutch History.^ I dined with 
the Treasurer, and afterwards we went to the 
Secretary's Office, where we conferred about divers 
particulars. 

21st I was directed to go to Sir Geoige 
Downing,^ who having been a public minister in 
Holland, at the beginning of the war, was to give 
me light in some material passages. 

This year the weather was so wet, stormy, and 
unseasonable, as had not been known in many 
years. 

1 [See ante, p. 314.] ^ [See anU, p. 248.] 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 819 

9th February. I saw the great ball danced by 
the Queen and distinguished ladies at WhitehdA 
Theatre. Next day, was acted there the famous 
play, called The Siege of Granada, two days acted 
successively ; there were indeed very glorious scenes 
and perspectives, the work of Mr. Streater, who 
well understands it^ 

19th. This day dined with me Mr. Surveyor, Dr. 
Christopher Wren, and Mr. Pepys, Clerk of the 
Acts, two extraordinary, ingenious, and knowing 
persons, and other friends. I carried them to see 
the piece of carving which I had recommended to 
the King. 

2Sth. Came to visit me one of the Lords Com- 
missioners of Scotland for the Union. 

2Sth. The Treasurer acquainted me that his 
Majesty was graciously pleased to nominate me one 
of the Council of Foreign Plantations, and give me 
a salarv of £500 per annum, to encourage me. 

29tk I went to thank the Treasurer, who was 
my great friend, and loved me ; I dined with him 
and much company, and went thence to my Lord 
Arlington, Secretary of State, in whose favour I 
likewise was upon many occasions, though I culti- 
vated neither of their friendships by any mean 
submissions. I kissed his Majesty's hand, on his 
making me one of that new-estabUshed Council. 

1^^ March. I caused Mr. Gibbons to bring to 
Whitehall his excellent piece of carving, where 
being come, I advertised his Majesty, who asked me 
where it was ; I told him in Sir Richard Browne's 
(my father-in-law) chamber, and that if it pleased 
his Majesty to appoint whither it should be brought, 
being large and though of wood heavy, I would 
take care for it " No," says the King, " show me 
the way, 111 go to Sir Richard's chamber," which 

^ Evelyn here refers to Dryden's Conquest of Granada. As to 
Streater, see ante, p. 211. 



820 THE DIARY OF mi 

he immediately did» walking along the entries after 
me ; as far as the Ewry,^ till he came up into the 
room, where I also lay. No sooner was he entered 
and cast his eye on the work, but he was astonished 
at the curiosity of it ; and having considered it a 
long time, and discoursed with Mr. Gibbons, whom 
I brought to kiss his hand, he conmianded it should 
be immediately carried to the Queen's side to show 
her. It was carried up into her bedchamber, 
where she and the Eang looked on and admired it 
again ; the King, being called away, left us with 
the Queen, believing she would have bought it, it 
being a crucifix ; but, when his Majesty was gone, 
a French peddling woman, one Madame de Boord,' 
who used to bring petticoats and fans, and baubles, 
out of France to the ladies, b^an to find fault with 
several things in the work, which she understood 
no more than an ass, or a monkey, so as in a kind 
of indignation, I caused the person who brought it 
to carry it back to the chamber, finding the Queen 
so much governed by an ignorant Frenchwoman, 
and this incomparable artist had his labour only for 
his pains, which not a little displeased me ; and he 
was fain to send it down to his cottage again ; he 
not lon^ after sold it for £80, though well worth 
£100, without the frame, to Sir G^eorge Viner. 

His Majesty's Surveyor, Mr. Wren, faithfully 
promised me to employ him.' I having also be- 
spoke his Majesty for his work at Windsor, which 
my friend, Mr. May, the architect there, was going 
to alter, and repair imiversally; for, on the next 
day, I had a fair opportunity of talking to his 
Majesty about it, in the lobby next the Queen's 

^ [Where were kept the ewers for the use of the Royal 
Household.] 

^ FM. Henri Fomeron^ Lauue de Kiromalk, 1886, p. 28, calk 
this ratuous person " Mme. Deborde."] 

* The carving of the Choir Stalls, etc.^ in St Paal's Cathedral 
executed by Gibbons. 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 821 

side, where I presented him with some sheets of 
my history. I thence walked with him through 
St. James s Park to the garden, where I both saw 

and heard a very familiar mscourse between * 

and Mrs. NeUy,^ as they called an impudent 
comedian, she looking out of her garden on a 

tarace at the top of the wall, and ^ standing 

on the green walk under it I was heartily sorry 
at this scene. Thence the King walked to the 
Duchess of Cleveland,* another lady of pleasure, 
and curse of our nation. 

Bth March. I dined at Greenwich, to take leave 
of Sir Thomas Lynch, going Governor of Jamaica.^ 

lO^A. To London, about passing my patent as 
one of the standing Council for Plantations, a 
considerable honour, the others in the Council 
being chiefly noblemen and officers of state. 

2nd April To Sir Thomas Clifford, the Treas- 
urer,^ to condole with him on the loss of his eldest 
son, who died at Florence. 

2nd May. The French King, being now with a 
great army of 28,000 men about Dunkirk, divers 
of the grandees of that Court, and a vast number 
of gentlemen and cadets, in fantastical habits, came 
flocking over to see our Court, and compliment 
his Majesty. I was present, when they first were 
conducted into the Queen's withdrawing -room, 
where saluted their Majesties the Dukes of Guise,^ 
Longueville, and many others of the first rank. 

1 rCharles IL] 

* [Eleanor^ or Nell Gwyn, 1650-87. She had, says her bio- 
grapher^ Peter Cunningham^ ^m 1 671 to her deaths a house ''in 
roll Mall [south side], with a garden with a mound at the end, 
overlooking the Mall. ] 

' [At Cleveland House, St James's.] 

^ [Sir Thomas Lynch, d, l684. He had been Provost Marshal 
in IDOl ; Member of Council, l663; President, 1664; and was 
made Governor and knighted in l670j 

« [See ojite, p. 265.] • [See mie, voL L p. 125.] 

VOL. II Y 



822 THE DIARY OF wi 

10th May. Dined at Mr. Treasurer's,^ in company 
with Monsieur De Grammont ? and several French 
noblemen, and one Blood, that impudent bold 
fellow who had not long before attempted to steal 
the imperial crown itself out of the Tower, pretend- 
ing only curiosity of seeing the r^alia there, when 
stabbing the keeper, though not mortally, he boldly 
went away with it through all the guards, taken 
only by the accident of his horse falling down. 
How he came to be pardoned, and even received 
into favour, not only after this, but several other 
exploits almost as daring both in Ireland and here, 
I could never come to understand. Some believed 
he became a spy of several parties, being well with 
the Sectaries and Enthusiasts, and did his Majesty 
services that way, which none alive could do so 
well as he ; but it was certainly the boldest attempt, 
so the only treason of this sort that was ever 
pardoned. This man had not only a daring but 
a viUainous unmerciful look, a false countenance, 
but very well-spoken and dangerously insinuating. 

ll^A. I went to Eltham to sit as one of itne 
Commissioners about the subsidy now given by 
Parliament to his Majesty. 

17th. Dined at Mr. Treasurer's [Sir Thomas 
Cliflford] with the Earl of Arlington, Carlingford," 
Lord Arundel of Wardour,* Lord Almoner to the 

1 This entry of 10th May, l67l — says Forster — so far as it 
relates to Blood, and the stealing of the crown, etc., is a mistake. 
Colonel Thomas Blood, 16I8-8O, stole the crown on the 9th of 
May, 1671 — ^the very day before ; and the ''not long before " of 
Evelyn, and the circmnstance of his being ''pardoned," which 
Evelyn also mentions, can hardly be said to relate to only the 
day before. This is another of those passages to which firequent 
reference has been made, and of which an explanation is eag- 
gested in the Preface to voL i. 

^ [This was PhiHbert, Comte de Grammont (more properly 
Gramont), the hero of Anthony Hamilton's vivacious Afemotr*. 
He died in 1707.] 

8 [See aUe, p. 275.] « [See anie, p. 148.] 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 828 

Queen, a French Count and two abbots, with 
several more of French nobility; and now by 
something I had lately observed of Mr. Treasurer's 
conversation on occasion, I suspected him a little 
warping to Rome. 

25th May. I dined at a feast made for me and 
my wife by the Trinity Company, for our passing a 
fine of the land which Sir R. Browne, my wife's 
father, freely gave to found and build their collie, 
or Alms-houses on, at Deptford,^ it being my 
wife's after her father's decease. It was a good 
and charitable work and gift, but would have been 
better bestowed on the poor of that parish, than 
on the seamen's widows, the Trinity Company 
being very rich, and the rest of the poor of the 
parish exceedingly indigent 

26th. The Earl of Bristol's house in Queen's 
Street [Lincoln's Inn Fields] was taken for the 
Commissioners of Trade and Plantations,^ and 
furnished with rich hangings of the King's. It 
consisted of seven rooms on a floor, with a long 
gallery, gardens, etc. This day we met ; the Duke of 
Buckingham, Earl of Lauderdale, Lord Colepeper, 
Sir George Carteret, Vice-Chamberlain, and myself, 
had the oaths given us by the Earl of Sandwich, 
our President It was to advise and counsel his 
Majesty, to the best of our abilities, for the well- 

f;oveming of his Foreign Plantations, etc, the 
orm very little differing from that given to the 
Privy Council. We then took our places at the 

^ [The Deptford Almshouses erected by the Trinity House on 
the site given by Sir Richard Browne have long been puUed 
down, and a system of pensions has been established in lieu of 
them. But there is still a memento of Evelyn's father-in-law at 
the Mile End establishment of the Corporation in the shape of a 
scutcheon carved with Browne's arms. This was transferred 
from Deptford ; and there is a sketch of it at p. 121 of Barrett's 
Trmky House of Deptford Stnmd, 1893.] 

s [See tmU, p. 319.] 



824 THE DIARY OF len 

Board in the Council-Chamber, a very large room 
furnished with atlases, maps, charts, globes, eta 
Then came the Lord Keeper, Sir Orlando Bridge- 
man,^ Earl of Arlington, Secretary of State, Lord 
Ashley, Mr. Treasurer, Sir John Trevor,* the other 
Secretary, Sir John Duncomb, Lord Allington,* Mr. 
Grey, son to the Lord Grey, Mr. Henry Brouncker,* 
Sir Humphrey Winch,*^ Sir John Finch,* Mr. 
Waller,^ and Colonel Titus, of the Bedchamber,* 
with Mr. Slingsby, Secretary to the Council, and 
two Clerks of the Council, who had all been sworn 
some days before. Being all set, our Patent was 
read, and then the additional Patent, in which was 
recited this new establishment ; then was delivered 
to each a copy of the Patent, and of instructions : 
after which, we proceeded to business. 

The first thing we did was, to settle the form of 
a circular letter to the Governors of all his Majesty's 
Plantations and Territories in the West Indies and 
Islands thereof, to give them notice to whom they 
should apply themselves on all occasions, and to 
render us an account of their present state and 
government ; but, what we most insisted on was, 
to know the condition of New England, which 
appearii^ to be very independent as to their r^ard 
to Old England, or his Majesty, rich and strong as 
they now were, there were great debates in what 
style to write to them ; for the condition of that 
Colony was such, that they were able to contest 
with all other Plantations about them, and there 
was fear of their breaking from all dependence on 

1 [Sir Orlando Bridgeman, l606-74. He was Lord Keeper of 
the Great Seal, 1667-72.1 

> [Sir John Trevor, 1626-72 ; knighted in l668.] 

s [See ante, p. 310.1 

^ Lord Brouncker s brother Henry Brouncker, d. l6BS, after- 
wards third Viscount Brouncker.] 

s [See ofUe, p. 220.] « [See ante, p. 218.1 

7 [See anU, vol. L p. 317.] ^ [See wUe, p. 295. J 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 826 

this nation; his Majesty, therefore, commended 
this affair more expressly. We, therefore, thought 
fit, in the first place, to acquaint ourselves as well 
as we could of the state of that place, by some 
whom we heard of that were newly come from 
thence, and to be informed of their present posture 
and condition ; some of our Council were for send- 
ing them a menacing letter, which those who better 
understood the peevish and touchy humour of that 
Colony, were utterly against. 

A letter was then read from Sir Thomas Mody- 
ford. Governor of Jamaica ; ^ and then the Council 
brake up. 

Having brought an action against one Cocke, for 
money which he had received for me, it had been 
referred to an arbitration by the recommendation of 
that excellent good man, the Chief-Justice Hale ; ' 
but, this not succeeding, I went to advise with that 
famous lawyer, Mr. Jones, of Gray*s Inn, and, 27th 
May, had a trial before Lord Chief- Justice Hale ; 
and, after the lawyers had wrangled sufficiently, it 
was referred to a new arbitration. This was the 
very first suit at law that ever I had with any 
creature, and oh, that it might be the last 1 

1^ June. An installation at Windsor. 

Qth. I went to Council, where was produced a 
most exact and ample information of the state of 
Jamaica, and of the best expedients as to New 
England, on which there was a long debate ; but at 
length it was concluded that, if any, it should be 
only a conciliating paper at first, or civil letter, till 

1 [Sir Thomas Modyford, 1620-79, had been made Governor of 
Jamaica in l664. He had been sent home mider arrest this year 
upon an accusation of encouraging piracy.] 

' Sir Matthew Hale, 1609-76, fiunous as one of the justices of 
the bench in Cromwell's time. After the Restoration, he became 
Chief Baron of the Exchequer ; then Chief Justice of the King's 
Bench. [Burnet published a life of Hale in 1682 ; but there is an 
exhaustive biography by Sir John Bickerton Williams, 1835.] 



826 THE DIARY OF 1571 

we had better information of the present face of 
things, since we understood they were a people 
almost upon the very brink of renouncing any 
dependence on the Crown. 

IdthJune. To a splendid dinner at the great room 
in Deptford Trinity House,^ Sir Thomas Allen* 
chosen Master, and succeeding the Earl of Craven. 

20th. To carry Colonel Middleton » to Whitehall, 
to my Lord Sandwich, our President, for some 
information which he was able to give of the state 
of the Colony in New England. 

21st. To Council again, when one Colonel Cart- 
wright, a Nottmghamshire man (formerly in com- 
mission with Colonel Nicholls), gave us a con- 
siderable relation of that country; on which the 
Council concluded that in the first place a letter of 
amnesty should be despatched. 

2Mh. Constantine Huyghens, Seigneur de 
Zulichem,^ that excellent learned man, poet, and 
musician, now near eighty years of age, a vigorous 
brisk man, came to take leave of me before his 
return into Holland with the Prince, whose Secre- 
tary he was. 

26th. To Council, where Lord Arlington 
acquainted us, that it was his Majesty's proposal 
we should, every one of us, contribute £20 towards 
building a Council-chamber and conveniences some- 
where in Whitehall, that his Majesty might come 
and sit amongst us, and hear our debates; the 
money we laid out to be reimbursed out of the 
contingent monies already set apart for us, viz. 
£1000 yearly. To this we unanimously consented. 
There came an uncertain bruit from Barbadoes of 

^ [Now pulled down.] 

^ [Captain Sir Thomas Allen (see arUe, p. 228).] 

* Colonel Thomas Middleton, a coadjutor of Pepys at the 
Navy Board, and by him styled " a most honest and understand- 
ing man." [He had been made a Commissioner in 1664.] 

* [See ante, p. 212.] 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 827 

some disorder there. On my return home I 
stepped in at the theatre to see the new machines 
for the intended scenes, which were indeed very 
costly and magnificent 

29th June. To Comicil, where were letters from 
Sir Thomas Modyford, of the expedition and exploit 
of Colonel Morgan,^ and others of Jamaica, on the 
Spanish Continent at Panama. 

Uh July. To Council, where we drew up and 
agreed to a letter to be sent to New England, and 
made some proposal to Mr. Gorges, for his interest 
in a plantation there. 

2ith. To CounciL Mr. Surveyor brought us a 
plot for the building of our Council-chamber, to 
be erected at the end of the Privy-garden, in 
Whitehall 

9rd August. A full appearance at the CounciL 
The matter in debate was, whether we should 
send a deputy to New England, requiring them of 
the Massachusetts to restore such to their limits 
and respective possessions, as had petitioned the 
Council; this to be the open commission only; 
but, in truth, with secret instructions to inform us 
of the condition of those Colonies, and whether 
they were of such power, as to be able to resist his 
Majesty and declare for themselves as independent 
of the Crown, which we were told, and which of 
late years made them refractory. Colonel Middle- 
ton,' being called in, assured us they might be 
curbed by a few of his Majesty's first-rate fngates, 
to spoil their trade with the islands ; but, though 
my Lord President was not satisfied, the rest 
were, and we did resolve to advise his Majesty 
to send Commissioners with a formal commission 

1 [See tfi/fti, and/iof<^ p. 372. Colonel Morgan (afterwards Sir 
Henry), 1635-88, came to England in l672 to answer for this 
magnificent buccaneering exploit, and was made Lieut.-Govemor 
of Jamaica.] * [See anie, p. 326.] 



828 THE DIARY OF lan 

for adjusting boundaries, etc., with some other 
instructions. 

19th Angtist To Council The letters of Sir 
Thomas Modyford were read, giving relation of the 
exploit at Panama, which was very brave ; they took, 
burnt, and pillaged the town of vast treasures, but 
the best of the booty had been shipped off, and lay 
at anchor in the South Sea, so thaC after our men 
had ranged the country sixty miles about, they 
went back to Nombre de Dios, and embarked for 
Jamaica. Such an action had not been done 
since the famous Drake. 

I dined at the Hamburgh Resident's, and, after 
dinner, went to the christening of Sir Samuri 
Tuke's son, Charles, at Somerset- House, by a 
Popish priest, and many odd ceremonies. The 
godfathers were the King, and Lord Arundel 
of Wardour,* and godmother, the Countess of 
Huntingdon.^ 

29th. To London, with some more papers of 
my progress in the Dutch War, delivered to the 
Treasurer. 

1^ Septeinber. Dined with the Treasurer, m 
company with my Lord Arlington, Halifax, and 
Sir Thomas Strickland;^ and, next day, went 
home, being the anniversary of the late dread£il 
fire of London. 

18^^ This night fell a dreadful tempest 

\5th. In the afternoon at Council, where letteis 
were read from Sir Charles Wheeler,* concerning 
his resigning his government of St Christopher's. 

21^. I dined in the City, at the fraternity feast 

1 [See anUy p. 142.1 « [See anU, p. 308.] 

' Sir Thomas Strickland^ d, 1 694*. Made a baronet by Charles I. 
on the field at Edgehill, where he commanded a regiment o€ 
in^try. After the Restoration he was member for the County 
of Westmoreland, and Privy Purse to Charles II. He was subse- 
quently one of James II.'s Privy Council, and followed him into 
France, * [See potty under 14th November, l671.] 



i«n JOHN EVELYN 829 

in Ironmongers* Hall,^ where the four stewards 
chose then* successors for the next year, with a 
solemn procession, garlands about their heads, and 
music playing before them ; so, coming up to the 
upper tables where the gentlemen sat, they drank 
to the new stewards ; and so we parted 

22nd September. I dined at the Treasurer's, 
where I had discourse with Sir Henry Jones (now 
come over to raise a r^ment of horse), concern- 
ing the French conquests in Lorraine ; he told me 
the king sold all things to the soldiers, even to a 
handful of hay. 

Lord Sundefrland was now nominated Am- 
bassador to Spain.' 

After dinner, the Treasurer carried me to 
Lincoln's Inn, to one of the Parliament Clerks, to 
obtain of him, that I might carry home and peruse, 
some of the Journals, which were accordingly 
delivered to me to examine about the late Dutch 
war. Returning home, I went on shore to see the 
Custom- House, now newly rebuilt since the dread- 
ful conflagration.' 

9th and 10th October. I went, after evening- 
service, to London, in order to a journey of re- 
freshment with Mr. Treasurer, to Newmarket,* 
where the King then was, in his coach with six 
brave horses, which we changed thrice, first, at 
Bishop Stortibrd, and last, at Chesterford ; so, by 
night, we got to Newmarket, where Mr. Henry 

^ One of the grand court-days of that opulent Company, 
which is one of twelve, 

' [Robert Spencer, second Earl of Sunderland, 1640-1702; 
ambassador to Spain, l67l> and Paris, 1672.1 

* This new edifice was again destroyed oy fire in 1718, and, 
again rebuilt, was a third time destroyed by fire in February 
1814. 

^ ['' Your father is gone a little journey with Mr. Treasurer, 
to Newmarket, and to my Lord Arlington's upon his earnest 
invitation" (Mrs. Evelyn to her son, October 9> 1671).] 



880 THE DIARY OF wi 

Jermyn ^ (nephew to the Earl of St Albans) lodged 
me very civilly. We proceeded immediately to 
Court, the King and all the English gallants being 
there at their autumnal sports.' Supped at the 
Lord Chamberlain's; and, the next day, after 
dinner, I was on the heath, where I saw the great 
match run between Woodcock and Flatfoot, be- 
longing to the King, and to Mr. Eliot, of the 
Bedchamber, many tliousands being spectators; 
a more signal race had not been run for many 
years. 

This over, I went that night with Mr. Treasurer 
to Euston,' a palace of Lord Arlington's, where we 
found Monsieur Colbert (the French Ambassador), 
and the famous new French Maid of Honour, 
Mademoiselle K^roualle,^ now coming to be in 
great favour with the King. Here was also the 
Countess of Sunderland,^ and several lords and 
ladies, who lodged in the house. 

During my stay here with Lord Arlington, near 
a fortnight, his Majesty came almost every second 

» [See ante, p. 272.] 

^ [Reresby, eleven years later^ describes Charles at New- 
market, and his habits probably varied very little. ^^ The King 
was so much pleased with the country, and so great a lover of 
the diversions which that place did afford, that he let himself 
down from Majesty to the very degree of a country gentleman. 
He mixed himself amongst Uie crowd, allowed every man to 
speak to him that pleased ; went a-hawking in the mornings, to 
cock-matches in the afternoons (if there were no horse-raoes), 
and to plays in the evenings, acted in a bam, and by verr 
ordinary Ba^lemewfair comedians " (Memoirs, 1875, pp. 244-45\j 

> [Euston Hall, Thetfoid, W. Suffolk, now belongs to the 
Duke of Grafton, to whose ancestor, Henry Fitzroy, first Duke, 
it passed with Lord Arlington's daughter Isabella (see voti, 
under 1st August, 1672). Verrio's first frescoes in England 
were done for this house. Walpole calls it '^ large and bad '* and 
built in a hole! Bloomfield, who was bom in a neighbouring 
village, has celebrated ^^Euston's watered vale, and sloping 
plains" (Murray's Suffolk, etc, 1892, p. 149).] 

^ See ante, p. 31 6. 

^ [Ann Spencer, daughter of Digby, Earl of Bristol.] 



wi JOHN EVELYN 881 

day with the Duke, who commonly returned to 
Newmarket, but the King often lay here, during 
which time I had twice the honour to sit at dinner 
with him, with all freedom. It was universally 

reported that the fair lady ^ was bedded one 

of these nights, and the stocking flung, after the 
manner of a married bride ; I acknowledge she was 
for the most part in her undress all day, and that 
there was fondness and toying with that young 
wanton; nay, it was said, I was at the former 
ceremony; but it is utterly false; I neither saw 
nor heard of any such thing whilst I was there, 
though I had been in her chamber, and all over 
that apartment late enough, and was myself 
observing all passages with much curiosity. How- 
ever, it was with confidence believed she was first 
made a Miss, as they call these unhappy creatures, 
with solemnity at this time.^ 

On Sunday, a young Cambridge Divine preached 
an excellent sermon in the chapel, the King and 
the Duke of York being present 

16th October. Came aU the great men from 
Newmarket, and other parts both of Suffolk and 
Norfolk, to make their court, the whole house 
filled from one end to the other with lords, ladies, 
and gallants ; there was such a furnished table, as 
I had seldom seen, nor anything more splendid and 
free, so that for fifteen days there were entertained 
at least 200 people, and half as many horses, besides 
servants and guards, at infinite expense. 

In the morning, we went hunting and hawking ; 
in the afternoon, till almost morning, to cards and 
dice, yet I must say without noise, swearing, 

^ [Louise de K6roualle.] 

' [This seems to have been the case ; and Louis XIV. ordered 
his Ambassador, Colbert, to congratulate Mile, de K6roualle 
(Fomeron, Lomse de K^raualle, 1886, p. 54). Cf. also Mme. de 
S^vign6 to her daughter, Mme. de Grignan^ March 30, 1672.] 



882 THE DIARY OF im 

quarrel, or con^sion of any sort I, who was no 
gamester, had often discourse with the French 
Ambassador, Colbert, and went sometimes abroad 
on horseback with the ladies to take the air, and now 
and then to hunting ; thus idly passing the tune, 
but not without more often recess to my pretty 
apartment, where I was quite out of all this hurry, 
and had leisure when I would, to converse with 
books, for there is no man more hospitably easy 
to be withal than my Lord Arlington, of whose 
particular friendship and kindness I had ever a 
more than ordinary share. His house is a very 
noble pile, consisting of four pavilions after the 
French, beside a body of a large house, and, though 
not built altogether, but formed of additions to an 
old house (purchased by his Lordship of one Sir 
T. Rookwood), yet with a vast expense made not 
only capable and roomsome, but ^ry magnificent 
and commodious, as well within as without, nor 
less splendidly furnished. The staircase is very 
elegant, the garden handsome, the canal beautiful, 
but the soil dry, barren, and miserably sandy, 
which flies in drifts as the wind sits. Here my 
Lord was pleased to advise with me about ordering 
his plantations of firs, elms, limes, etc, up his park, 
and in all other places and avenues. I persuaded 
him to bring his park so near as to comprehend his 
house within it ; which he resolved upon, it being 
now near a mile to it The water ftimishing the 
fountains, is raised by a pretty engine, or very 
slight plain wheels, which likewise serve to grind 
his com, from a small cascade of the canal, the 
invention of Sir Samuel Morland.^ In my Lord's 
house, and especially above the staircase, in the 
great hall and some of the chambers and rooms of 
state, are paintings in fresco by Signor Venio, 
being the first work ^hich he did in England. 

1 [See ante, p. 276.] 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 888 

17th October. My Lord Henry Howard coining 
this night to visit my Lord Chamberlain, and 
staying a day, would needs have me go with him 
to Norwich, promising to convey me back, after 
a day or two ; this, as I could not refuse, I was not 
hard to be persuaded to, having a desire to see that 
famous scholar and physician. Dr. T. Browne, 
author of the Religio Medici and Vulgar Errors^ 
now lately knighted.^ Thither, then, went nly 
Lord and I alone, in his flying chariot with six 
horses; and, by the way, discoursing with me of 
several of his concerns, he acquainted me of his 
going to marry his eldest son to one of the King's 
natural daughters, by the Duchess of Cleveland ; 
by which he reckoned he should come into mighty 
£Eivour. He also told me that, though he kept 

that idle creature, Mrs. B ,^ and would leave 

£200 a year to the son he had by her, he would 
never marry her, and that the King himself had 
cautioned him against it. All the world knows 
how he kept his promise,' and I was sorry at heart 
to hear what now he confessed to me ; and that a 
person and a family which I so much honoured 
for the sake of that noble and illustrious friend 
of mine, his grandfather, should dishonour and 
pollute them both with those base and vicious 
courses he of late had taken since the death of 
Sir Samuel Tuke,^ and that of his own virtuous 

1 Sir Thomas Browne^ 1605-82. [He was knighted in the 
previous September.] Beside the works mentioned by Evelyn, 
lie was the author of Urn Burial and The Garden of Ofrui, 
published together in l658. 

^ [Mrs. Jane Bickerton (see poH, under 2Srd January^ l678).] 

* This is another of the many evidences to which attention 
has been drawn, that Evelyn's book partakes more of the 
character of Memoirs than a Diaiy, in the strict sense of that 
word. The title " Memoirs/' indeed, is given to it by himself 
(see «M<, under 18th August, 1673). 

« [Sir Samuel Tuke (see ante, pp. 17, 147, and 210) did not 
die until 26th January, 1674.] 



884 THE DIARY OF 



1671 



lady (my Lady Anne Somerset, sister to the 
Marquis) ; ^ who, whilst they lived, preserved tiiis 
gentleman by their example and advice from those 
many extravagances that impaired both his fortmie 
and reputation. 

Being come to the Ducal Palace,* my Lord 
made very much of me ; but I had Uttle rest, so 
exceedingly desirous he was to show me the con- 
trivance he had made for the entertainment of 
their Majesties, and the whole Coiui; not long 
before, and which, though much of it was but 
temporary, apparently framed of boards only, was 
yet standing. As to the palace, it is an old 
wretched building, and that part of it newly built 
of brick, is very ill understood ; so as I was of 
opinion it had been much better to have demolished 
all, and set it up in a better place, than to proceed 
any further ; for it stands in the very market-place, 
and, though near a river, yet a very narrow muddy 
one, without any extent 

Next morning, I went to see Sir Thomas 
Browne (with whom I had some time corresponded 
by letter, though I had never seen him before) ; 
his whole house and garden being a paradise and 
cabinet of rarities, and that of the best collection^ 
especially medals, books, plants, and natural things. 
Amongst other curiosities. Sir Thomas had a collec- 
tion of the eggs of all the fowl and birds he could 
procure, that country (especially the promontory 

^ [Lady Anne Somerset, eldest daughter of Edward, Maiquess 
of Worcester, d, l662.] 

^ [The Ducal Palace at Norwich had been first acquired by 
the Howard family in the reign of Henry VIII. It stood ''in 
the heart of the city," and Macaulay gives a glowing account of 
its festivities in his fieimous third chapter. As stated in the text, 
Charles II. and his Court had just been entertained there. Loxd 
Howard's grandson pulled it down ; and the Norwich museum 
subsequently occupi^ the site. Fuller called it ''the greatest 
house he ever saw in a dty out of London."] 



1671 JOHN EVELYN 885 

of Norfolk) being frequented, as he said, by several 
kinds which seldom or never go farther into the 
land, as cranes, storks, eagles, and variety of water- 
fowl He led me to see all the remarkable places 
of this ancient city, being one of the largest, and 
certainly, after London, one of the noblest of 
England, for its venerable cathedral, nmnber 
of stately churches, cleanness of the streets, and 
buildings of flint so exquisitely headed and squared, 
as I was much astonished at ; but he told me they 
had lost the art of squaring the flints, in which 
they so much excelled, and of which the churches, 
best houses, and walls, are built The Castle is an 
antique extent of ground, which now they call 
Marsfield, and would have been a fitting area to 
have placed the Ducal Palace in. The suburbs 
are large, the prospects sweet, with other amenities, 
not omitting the flower-^rdens, in which all the 
inhabitants excel. The fabric of stufi*s brings a 
vast trade to this populous town. 

Being retumea to my Lord's, who had been 
with me all this morning, he advised with me con- 
cerning a plot to rebuild his house, having already, 
as he said, erected a front next the street, and a 
left wing, and now resolving to set up another 
wing and pavilion next the garden, and to convert 
the bowling-green into stables. My advice was, 
to desist from all, and to meditate wholly on 
rebuilding a handsome palace at Arundel House, 
in the Strand, before he proceeded frirther here, 
and then to place this in the Castle, that ground 
belonging to his Lordship. 

I (^served that most of the church-yards (though 
some of them large enough) were filled up with 
earth, or rather the congestion of dead bodies one 
upon another, for want of earth, even to the very 
top of the walls, and some above the walls, so as 
the churches seemed to be built in pits. 



836 THE DIARY OF m 

ISth October. I returned to Euston, in LfOrd 
Henry Howard's coach, leaving him at Norwich, 
in company with a very ingenious gentleman, Mr. 
White/ whose father and mother (daughter to the 
late Lord Treasurer Weston, Earl of Portland) I 
knew at Rome, where this gentleman was born, 
and where his parents lived and died with much 
reputation, during their banishment m our civil 
broils. 

21^^. Quitting Euston, I lodged this night at 
Newmarket, where I found the jolly blades racing, 
dancing, feasting, and revelling, more resembUng a 
luxurious and abandoned rout, than a Christian 
Court The Duke of Buckingham was now in 
mighty favour, and had with him that impudent 
woman, the Countess of Shrewsbury,* with his 
band of fiddlers, etc.* 

Next morning, in company with Sir Bernard 
Gascoigne,^ and Lord Hawley, I came in the 
Treasurer's coach to Bishop Stortford, where he 
gave us a noble supper. The following day, to 
London, and so home. 

14M November. To Council, where Sir Charles 

^ [Nephew of the Paris philosopher^ anie, p. 36.] 
* [Anna Maria, d, 1702, daughter of Robert Bmdenel, Earl of 
Cardigan, and second wife of Francis Talbot, eleventh Earl of 
Shrewsbury, who died (l6th March, 1668) after a duel fboght 
in January near Bam Elms with George VilHers, second Duke 
of Buckingham, — his wife, it is asserted, holding Buckingham's 
horse meanwhile, in the disguise of a page. For the credit of 
womanhood, it should, however, be added, on the authority of 
Lady Burghclere's careful and impartial study of Dryden's veij 
various ^^Zimri," that, in l674, Buckingham distinctly stated, 
when arraigned by his Peers, ''that, at the time of Uie duel^ 
the Countess was living in a 'French monastery/" and the 
statement was not controverted (George VilUers, 1903, p. 195) 
Lady Shrewsbury eventually married George Rodney Bridges, 
second son of Sir Thomas Bridges, of Keynsham, Somerset.] 

» [" The ' fiddlers of Thetfoid ' were in favour with the Court at 
Newmarket — ^not for their edifjring songs or behaviour " (Murn^s 
Suffolk, etc., 1897, p. 41 1>] * [See ante, p. SlO.j 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 887 

Wheeler, late Governor of the Leeward Islands, 
haviiur been complained of for many indiscreet 
manaiements, it whs resolved, on scanrdng many of 
the particulars, to advise his Majesty to remove him ; 
and consult what was to be done, to prevent these 
inconveniences he had brought things to. This 
business staid me in London almost a week, being in 
Council, or Committee, every morning till the 25th. 

27th November. We ordered that a proclama- 
tion should be presented to his Majesty to sign, 
against what Sir Charles Wheeler had done in St 
Christopher's since the war, on the articles of peace 
at Breda. He was shortly afterwards recalled. 

6th December. Came to visit me Sir William 
Haywood, a great pretender to EngUsh antiquities. 

\UL Went to see the Duke of Buckingham's 
ridiculous farce and rhapsody, called The Recital,^ 
buffooning all plays, yet profane enough. 

28rd. The Councillors of the Board of Trade 
dined together at the Cock, in Suffolk Street' 

1671-2: 12th Jarmary. His Majesty renewed 
us our lease of Sayes Court pastures for ninety- 
nine years, but ought, accoroing to his solemn 
promise* (as I hope he will still perform), have 
passed them to us in fee-fiEum. 

28r££ To London, in order to Sir Richard 
Browne, my father-in-law, resigning his place as 
Clerk of the Council to Joseph Williamson, Esq.,* 
who was admitted, and was knighted. This place 
his Majesty had promised to give me many years 
before ; but, upon consideration of the renewal of 

^ [The ReheanaL Its aim was to ridicule the fustian and 
absuraities ot the heroic pla3rs. It was first acted at the Theatre 
Royal, Drury Lane, 7th December, l67l ; and published in 1672.] 

' [An ordinary at the end of Suffolk Street, Charing Cross, 
of which there is now no trace. Pepys mentions it 15th March, 
and 7th and 23rd April, I669.] 

* The King's engagement^ under his hand^ is now at Wotton 
House. ^ [See tmie, p. 220.] 

VOI^ II Z 



888 THE DIARY OF \m 

our lease and other reasons, I chose to part with it 
to Sir Joseph, who gave us and the rest of his 
brother-clerks a handsome supper at his house; 
and, after supper, a concert of music 

8rd February. An extraordinary snow ; part of 
the week was taken up in consulting about the 
commission of prisoners of war, and instructions to 
our officers, in order to a second war with the 
Hollanders, his Majesty having made choice of the 
former commissioners, and myself amongst them. 

11th. In the afternoon, that famous proselyte, 
Monsieur Brevall, preached at the Abbey, m 
English, extremely well and with much eloquaice. 
He had been a Capuchin, but much better learned 
than most of that Order. 

12th. At the Council, we entered on inquuries 
about improving the Plantations by silks, galls, 
flax, senna, etc., and considered how nutmegs 
and cinnamon might be obtained, and brought to 
Jamaica, that soil and climate promising success. 
Dr. Worsley^ being called in, spake many con- 
siderable things to encourage it. We took oider 
to send to the Plantations, that none of their ships 
should adventure homeward single, but stay for 
company and convoys. We also deliberated on 
some fit person to go as Commissioner to inspect 
their actions in New England, and, from time to 
time, report how that people stood affected.^ — In 
future, to meet at Whitehall 

20th. Dr. Parr, of Camberwell,* preached a 
most pathetic funeral discourse and panegyric at 
the interment of our late pastor. Dr. Breton^ 

1 [See poH, under 15th October, l67S.] 

« See ante, p. 327.] 

> [Dr. Richard Parr, l6l7-91 ; Vicar of Reigate and Camber- 
well, 1655-91. His sermon was printed in this year (Manniog 
and Bray's Surrey, 1804, i S23).] 

* The Rev. Robert Breton, Vicar of Deptford. See ade, 
p. 177. The Evelyns were much attached to him.] 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 889 

(who died on the 18th), on '' Happy is the servant 
whom when his Lord cometh, etc. This good 
man, among other expressions, professed that he 
had never been so touched and concerned at any 
loss as at this, unless at that of King Charles our 
Mart3rr, and Archbishop Ussher, whose chaplain he 
had been. Dr. Breton had preached on the 28th 
and 80th of January : on the Friday, having £Eisted 
all day, making his provisionary sermon for the 
Sunday following, he went well to bed ; but was 
taken suddenly ill, and expired before help could 
come to him. 

Never had a parish a greater loss, not only as 
he was an excellent preacher, and fitted for our 
great and vulgar auditory, but for his excellent 
Sfe and charity, his meekness and obliging nature, 
industrious, helpftil, and full of good works. He 
left near £400 to the poor in his will, and that 
what children of his should die in their minority, 
their portion should be so employed. I lost in 
particular a special friend, and one that had an 
extraordinary love to me and mine. 

25th February. To London, to speak with the 
Bishop, and Sir John Cutler,^ our patron, to present 
Mr. Frampton ^ (afterwards Bishop of Gloucester). 

1^ March. A full Council of Plantations, on 
the danger of the Leeward Islands, threatened by 
the French, who had taken some of our ships, and 
began to interrupt our trade. Also in aebate, 
whether the new Governor of St Christophers 
should be subordinate to the Governor of Bar- 
badoes. The debate was serious and long. 

12th. Now was the first blow given by us to 
the Dutch convoy of the Smyrna fleet, by Sir 
Robert Holmes* and Lord Ossory, in which we 

1 [See ante, p. 137.] 

^ [Dr. Robert Frampton^ 16S2-1708, afterwards one of the 
seven Bishops of I688.] > [See ante, p. 296.] 



840 THE DIARY OF im 

received little save blows, and a worthy reproach 
for attacking our neighbours ere any war was 
proclaimed, and then pretending the occasion to 
DC, that some time oefore, uie Merlin yacht 
chancing to sail through the whole Dutch fleet, 
their Aamiral did not strike to that trifling vessel 
Surely, this was a quarrel slenderly grounded, and 
not becoming Christian neighbours. We are like 
to thrive, accordingly. Lord Ossory several times 
deplored to me his being engaged in it; he had 
more justice and honour than in the least to 
approve of it, though he had been over-persuaded 
to the expedition. There is no doubt but we 
should have surprised this exceeding rich fleet, 
had not the avarice and ambition of Holmes 
and Spragge^ separated themselves, and wilfuUy 
divided our fleet, on presumption that either of 
them was strong enough to deal with the Dutch 
convoy without joining and mutual help ; but they 
so warmly plied our divided fleets, that whilst in 
conflict the merchants sailed away, and got safe into 
Holland. 

A few days before this, the Treasurer of the 
Household, Sir Thomas CUfibrd,^ hinted to me, as 
a confidant, that his Majesty would shut tm the 
Exchequer (and, accordingly, his Majesty made use 
of infinite treasure there, to prepare for an intended 
rupture) ; ' but, says he, it will soon be open again, 
and everybody satisfied ; for this bold man, who 
had been the sole adviser of the King to invade 
that sacred stock (though some pretend it "wbs 
Lord Ashley's counsel, then Chancellor of the 

1 [Admiral Sir Edward Spragge, d. l673.] 

' [See anUey p. 265.] 

* On the 2nd January^ l672^ Charles seized upon the Grold- 
smiths' funds in the Exchequer to provide money for the war 
with the Dutch, which^ in pursuance of the Treaty of Dover 
(see amUf p. 306), was declared 17th March following.] 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 841 

Exchequer), was so over-confident of the success 
of this unworthy design against the Smyrna 
merchants, as to put ms Majesty on an action 
which not only lost the hearts of his subjects, and 
ruined many widows and orphans, whose stocks 
were lent him, but the reputation of his Exchequer 
for ever, it being before in such credit, that he 
might have commanded half the wealth of the 
nation. 

The credit of this bank being thus broken, did 
exceedingly discontent the people, and never did 
his Majesty's affairs prosper to any purpose after 
it, for as it did not supply the expense of the 
meditated war, so it melted away, I know not how. 

To this succeeded the King's Declaration for 
an universal toleration;^ Papists, and swarms of 
Sectaries, now boldly showing themselves in their 
public meetinirs. This was imputed to the same 
Lunsd. CUffoS ™ptog to RoL » ™s believed, 
nor was Lord Arlington clear of suspicion, to 
grati^r that party, but as since it has proved, and 
was then evidentiy foreseen, to the extreme weak- 
ening the Church of England and its Episcopal 
Government, as it was proiected. I speak not 
this as my own sense, but what was the discourse 
and thoughts of others, who were lookers-on ; for 
I think there might be some relaxations without 
the least prejudice to the present Establishment, 
discreetly limited, but to let go the reins in this 
manner, and then to imagine t£ey could take them 
up again as easily, was a false policy, and greatly 
destructive. The truth is, our Bishops slipped the 
occasion; for, had they held a steady hand upon 
his Majesty's restoration, as they might easily have 
done, the Church of England had emergeid and 
flourished, without interruption; but they were 

^ [The Declaration of Indtdgence dispensing with the laws 
against Nonconformists, March 15, l67S.] 



842 THE DIARY OF \m 

then remiss, and covetous after advantages of 
another kind, whilst his Majesty suffered them to 
come into a harvest, with which, without any 
injustice, he might have remunerated innumerable 
gallant gentlemen for their services, who had ruined 
themselves in the late rebellion.^ 

21st March. I visited the coasts in my district 
of Kent, and divers wounded and languishing poor 
men, that had been in the Smyrna conflict I 
went over to see the new-begun Fort of Tilbury ; 
a royal work, indeed, and such as will one day 
bridle a great city to the purpose, before tiiey are 
aware. 

28rcL Captain Cox,^ one of the Commissioners 
of the Navy, furnishing me with a yacht, I sailed 
to Sheemess to see that fort also, now newly 
finished; several places on both sides the Swale 
and Medway to Gillingham and Upnor, being also 
provided with redoubts and batteries, to secure 
the station of our men-of-war at Chatham, and 
shut the door when the steeds were stolen. 

2Uh. I saw the chirurgeon cut off the 1^ of a 
wounded sailor, the stout and gallant man enduring 
it with incredible patience, without being bound to 
his chair, as usual on such painful occasions. I had 
hardly courage enough to be present. Not beinc 
cut off high enough, the gangrene prevailed, and 
the second operation cost the poor creature his life. 

Lord 1 what miseries are mortal men subject to, 
and what confusion and mischief do the avarice, 
anger, and ambition of Princes, cause in the 
world 1 

25th. I proceeded to Canterbury, Dover, Deal 
the Isle of Thanet, by Sandwich, and so to 

^ Evelyn here refers to the fines for renewals of leases not 
filled up during the interregnum^ and now to be immediatelj 
applied for. 

2 [Of the Charle9 the Second (see ante, p. 287 n.).] 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 848 

Margate. Here we had abundance of miserably 
wounded men, his Majesty sendintr his chief 
chirurgeon. Seijeant Knight, to m^t me, and 
Dr. Waldrond had attended me all the journey. 
Having taken order for the accommodation of the 
wounded, I came back through a country the best 
cultivated of any that in my life I had anywhere 
seen, every field lying as even as a bowling-green, 
and the fences, plantations, and husbandry, in such 
admirable order, as infinitely delighted me, after 
the sad and afflicting spectacles and objects I was 
come from. Observing almost every tall tree to 
have a weathercock on the top bough, and some 
trees half-a-dozen, I learned that, on a certain 
holyday, the farmers feast their servants ; at which 
solemnity, they set up these cocks, in a kind of 
triumph. 

Being come back towards Rochester, I went to 
take oitier respecting the building a strong and 
high wall about a house I had hired of a gentle- 
man, at a place called Hartlip, for a prison, paying 
£50 yearly rent Here I settlei a Provost-Marshd 
and other officers, returning by Faversham. On 
the 80th, heard a sermon in Rochester Cathedral, 
and so got to Sayes Court on the first of April.^ 

4ih April I went to see the fopperies of the 
Papists at Somerset House and York House, where 
now the French Ambassador had caused to be 
represented our Blessed Saviour at the Pascal 
Supper with his Disciples, in figures and puppets 
made as big as the life, of wax-work, curiously 
clad and sitting round a large table, the room 
nobly hung, and shining with innumerable lamps 

^ [Mrs. Evelyn mentions this tour of inspection in one of her 
letters. '' Mr. Evelyn is at present taking care of those that 
fidl by the hands of the Dutch, being gone to visit Chatham and 
Dover, and the rest of those places where sick and prisoners 
put in ; Jack is with him " (Letter to Lady Ann Carr, March 
26, 1672).] 



844 THE DIARY OF i672 

and candles: this was exposed to all the world; 
all the City came to see it Such liberty had the 
Roman Catholics at this time obtained. 

16th April Sat m Council, preparmg Loid 
Willoughby's ^ commission and instructions as 
Governor of Barbadoes and the Caribbee Islands. 

17th. Sat on business in the Star Chamber. 

IQtk. At Council, preparing instructions for 
Colonel Stapleton, how to go Governor of St 
Christopher's; and heard the complaints of the 
Jamaica merchants against the Spaniards, for 
hindering them from cutting logwood on the 
mainland, where they have no pretence. 

21^. To my Lord of Canterbury, to entreat 
him to engage Sir John Cutler, the patron, to 
provide us a grave and learned man, in opposition 
to a novice. 

SOth. Congratulated Mr. Treasurer Clifford's 
new honour being made a Baron.^ 

2nd May. My son, John, was specially admitted 
of the Middle Temple by Sir Francis North, his 
Majesty's Solicitor-u^eneral, and since Chancellor.' 
I pray God bless this b^nnin^, my intention 
being that he should seriously apply himself to the 
study of the law. 

lO^A. I was ordered, by letter from the Council, 
to repair forthwith to his Majesty, whom I found 
in the Pali-Mall, in St James's Park, where his 
Majesty coming to me from the company, com- 
manded me to go inmiediately to the sea-coast, 
and to observe the motion of the Dutch fleet and 
ours, the Duke and so many of the flower of our 
nation being now under sail, coming from Ports- 

' rWiUiam WUloughby, sixth Baron WiUoughby of Parfaam, 
d, 1673, He had succeeded his brother Francis in idffl, as 
Governor of Barbados and the Caribbee Islands.] 

* [See ante, p. 340.1 

> [Sir Francis North, 1637-85, afterwards first Baion Guildford 
(see post, under 7th Februaiy, 1684).] 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 845 

mouth, through the Downs, where it was believed 
there might be an encounter. 

11th May. Went to Chatham. — 12th. Heard a 
sermon in Rochester Cathedral. 

ISth. To Canterbury; visited Dr. Bargrave,^ 
my old fellow-traveller in Italy, and great virtuoso. 

14tth. To Dover; but the fleet did not appear 
till the 16th, when the Duke of York with his and 
the French squadron, in all 170 ships (of which 
above 100 were men-of-war), sailed by, after the 
Dutch, who were newly withdrawn. Such a 
gallant and formidable navy never, I think, spread 
sail upon the seas. It was a goodly yet terrible 
sight, to behold them as I di^ passing eastward 
by the straits betwixt Dover and Calais in a 
glorious day. The wind was yet so high, that I 
could not well go aboard, and they were soon got 
out of sight The next day, having visited our 

frisoners and the Castle, and saluted the Governor, 
took horse for Margate. Here, from the North 
Foreland Lighthouse top (which is a Pharos, built 
of brick, and having on the top a cradle of iron, in 
which a man attends a great sea-coal fire all the 
year long, when the nights are dark, for the safe- 
guard of sailors), we could see our fleet as they lay 
at anchor. The next morning, they weighed, and 
sailed out of sight to the N.E. 

19th. Went to Margate; and, the following 
day, was carried to see a gallant widow, brought 
up a farmeress, and I think of gigantic race, rich, 
comely, and exceedingly industrious. She put me 
in mind of Deborah and Abigail, her house was 
so plentifullv stored with all manner of country- 
provisions, all of her own growth, and aU her con- 
veniences so substantial, neat, and well understood ; 

^ [Dr. John Bargrave, 1 610-80, Baron of Canterbuiy. He 
has not been mentioned previously; but he travelled on the 
Continent tiU the Restoraticm.] 



846 THE DIARY OF im 

she herself so jolly and hospitable ; and her land so 
trim and rarely husbanded, that it struck me with 
admiration at her economy. 

This town much consists of brewers of a certain 
heady ale, and they deal much in malt» etc 
For the rest, it is raggedly built, and has an ill 
haven, with a small fort of little concernment, nor 
is the island [Thanet] well disciplined ; but as to 
the husbandry and rural part, far exceeding any 
part of England for the accurate culture of their 
ground, in which they exceed, even to curiosity 
and emulation. 

We passed by Richborough, and in sight of 
Reculvers, and so through a sweet garden, as it 
were, to Canterbury. 

2Uh May. To London, and gave his Majesty an 
account of my journey, and that I had put all 
things in readiness upon all events, and so returned 
home sufficiently wearied. 

81^. I received another command to repair to 
the sea -side; so I went to Rochester, wnere I 
found many wounded, sick, and prisoners, newly 
put on shore after the engagement on the 28th,^ 
m which the Earl of Sandwich, that incomparaUe 
person and my particular friend, and divers more 
whom I loved, were lost. My Lord (who was 
Admiral of the Blue) was in the Prince^ which 
was burnt, one of the best men-of-war that ever 
spread canvass on the sea. There were lost with 
this brave man, a son of Sir Charles Cotterell 
(Master of the Ceremonies), and a son of Sir Charles 
Harbord (his Majesty's Surveyor -General), two 
valiant and most accomplished youths, full of virtue 
and courage, who might have saved themselves; 
but chose to perish with my Lord, whom they 
honoured and loved above their own Uves. 

^ [This was the defeat by the Duke of York of the Dutch 
under De Rujter in Southwold^ or Sole Bay.] 



(>,hi-ari. lfimt,yii.finiJ^3aHr/c'>atuUiich.fASff. 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 847 

Here, I cannot but make some reflections on 
things past It was not above a day or two that 
going to Whitehall to take leave of his Lordship, 
who nad his lodgings in the Privy-Garden, shaking 
me by the hand he bid me good-bye, and said he 
thought he should see me no more, and I saw, to 
my thinking, something boding in his countenance. 
" No," says he, "they will not have me live. Had 
I lost a fleet "" (meaning on his return from Bergen 
when he took the East India prize) ^ ** I should have 
fared better ; but, be as it pleases God — I must do 
something, I know not what, to save my reputation." 
Something to this efiect, he had hintea to me ; thus 
I took my leave. I well remember that the Duke 
of Albemarle, and my now Lord Clifibrd, had, I 
know not why, no great opinion of his courage, 
because in former conflicts, being an able and 
experienced seaman (which neither of them were), 
he always brought ofi^ his Majesty's ships without 
loss, though not without as many marks of true 
courage as the stoutest of them ; and I am a witness 
that, in the late war, his own ship was pierced like 
a colander. But the business was, he was utterly 
against this war from the beginning, and abhorred 
the attacking of the Smyrna fleet ;^ he did not 
favour the heady expedition of Clifibrd at Bergen, 
nor was he so furious and confident as was the 
Duke of Albemarle, who believed he could vanquish 
the Hollanders with one squadron.' My Lord 
Sandwich was prudent as well as valiant, and always 
governed his anairs with success and little loss ; he 
was for deliberation and reason, they for action and 
slaughter without either ; and for this, whispered 
as if my Lord Sandwich was not so gallant, because 
he was not so rash, and knew how fatal it was to 
lose a fleet, such as was that under his conduct, and 

^ [See ante, p. 234.] * [See ante, p. 389.] 

• [See ante, p. 2S8.J 




848 THE DIARY OF len 

for which these very persons would have ceosured 
him on the other side. This it was, I am confident, 
ieved him, and made him enter like a lion, and 

ht like one, too, in the midst of the hottest 
service, where the stoutest of the rest seemg turn 
engaged, and so many ships upon him, durst not, 
or would not, come to his succour, as some of 
them, whom I know, might have done. Thus, this 
gallant person perished, to gratify the pride imd 
envy of some I named. 

Deplorable was the loss of one of the best 
accomplished persons, not only of this nation but 
of any other. He was learned in sea -affairs, iii 
politics, in mathematics, and in music: he had 
been on divers embassies, was of a sweet and 
obliging temper, sober, chaste, very ingenious, a 
true nobleman, an ornament to the Court and his 
Prince ; nor has he left any behind him who 
approach his many virtues. 

He had, I confess, served the t3rrant Cromwell, 
when a young man, but it was without malice, as a 
soldier of fortune ; and he readily submitted, and 
that with joy, bringing an entire fleet with him 
from the Sound, at the first tidings of his Majesty's 
restoration. I verily beUeve him as faithful a sub- 
ject as anv that were not his friends. I am yet 
heartily gneved at this mighty loss, nor do I caU it 
to my thoughts without emotion. 

2nd June. Trinity-Sunday I passed at Roch- 
ester; and, on the 5th, there was buried in the 
Cathedral Monsieur Rabini^re, Rear- Admiral of the 
French squadron, a gallant person, who died of the 
wounds he received in the fight This ceremony 
lay on me, which I performed with all the dec»(7 
I could, inviting the Mayor and Aldermen to come 
in their formalities. Sir Jonas Atkins ^ was there 

^ [Sir Jonathan Atkins (see post, under 87th October, 
167S>] 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 849 

with his guards ; and the Dean and Prebendaries : 
one of his countrymen pronouncing a funeral oration 
at the brink of his grave, which I caused to be dug 
in the choir. This is more at large described in 
the Gazette of that day; Colonel Rhe3m[ies9^ my 
colleague in commission, assisting, who was so kind 
as to accompany me from London, though it was not 
his district ; for indeed the stress of botn these wars 
lay more on me by far than on any of my brethren, 
who had little to do in theirs. — I went to see Upnor 
Castle, which I found pretty well defended, but of 
no great moment. 

Next day, I sailed to the fleet, now riding at 
the Buoy of the Nore, where I met his Majesty, 
the Duke, Lord Arlington, and all the great 
men, in the Charles^ lying miserably shattered; 
but the miss of Lord Sandwich redoubled the 
loss to me, and showed the folly of hazarding so 
brave a fleet, and losing so many good men, for 
no provocation but that the Hollanders exceeded 
us in industry, and in all things but envy. 

At Sheemess, I gave his Majesty and his Royal 
EUghness an account of my charge, and returned to 
Queenborough ; next day, dined at Major Dorel's, 
Governor of Sheemess ; tiience, to Rochester ; and 
the following day, home. 

12th June. To London to his Majesty, to solicit 
for money for the sick and wounded, which he 
promised me. 

19/A. To London again, to solicit the same. 

2lst. At a Council of Plantations. Most of 
this week busied with the sick and wounded. 

8rd July. To Lord Sandwich's funeral, which 
was by water to Westminster, in solemn pomp. 

81^. I entertained the Maids of Honour (among 
whom there vras one I infinitely esteemed for her 

^ [G>lonel Bullein Rheymes (see ante, p. 218).] 



850 THE DIARY OF im 

many and extraordinary virtues ^) at a comedy this 
afternoon, and so went home. 

1^^ August. I was at the marriage of Lord 
Arlington's only daughter (a sweet child if ever 
there was any ^) to the Duke of Grafton, the King*s 
natural son by the Duchess of Cleveland; tibe 
Archbishop of Canterbury officiating, the King 
and all the grandees being present. I had a favour 
given me by my Lady ; but took no great joy at 
the thing for many reasons. 

18/A. Sir James Hayes, Secretary to Prince 
Rupert, dined with me: after dinner, I was sent 
for to Gravesend to dispose of no fewer than 800 
sick men. That night, I got to the fleet at the 
Buoy of the Nore, where I spake with the King 
and the Duke ; and, after dinner next day, returned 
to Gravesend. 

1^/ September. I spent this week in soliciting 
for moneys, and in reading to my Lord Clifford 
my papers relating to the first Holland war. — Now, 
our Council of Plantations met at Lord Shaftes- 
bury's (Chancellor of the Exchequer) to read and 
reform the draught of our new Patent, joining the 
Council of Trade to our political capacities. After 
this, I returned home, in order to another excursion 
to the sea-side, to get as many as possible of the 
men who were recovered on board the fleet. 

%ttu I lay at Gravesend, thence to Rochester, 
returning on the 11th. 

\5tJu Dr. Duport, Greek Professor of Cambrid^' 
preached before the King on 1 Timothy vL 6. No 
great preacher, but a ver^ worthy and learned maa 

^ Mrs. Blagge, whom Evelyn never wearied of instwicing as 
a rare example of piety and virtue, in a licentious court and 
depraved age fsee anU^ p. 297). 

^ [Isabella ^nnet, through whom Euston Hall (see tmUt p- 
332) came to the first Duke of Grafton. She was then only 
five years old and her husband nine (see poH^ under 6th 
November, l679>] » [See ante, p. I69.] 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 851 

25th September. I dined at Lord John Berkeley's,^ 
newly arrived out of Ireland, where he had been 
Deputy ; it was in his new house,^ or rather palace ; 
for I am assured it stood him in near £80,000. It 
is very well built, and has many noble rooms, but 
they are not very convenient, consisting but of one 
Corps de Logis ; they are all rooms of state, with- 
out closets. The staircase is of eedar, the furniture 
is princely : the kitchen and stables are ill-placed, 
ana the corridor worse, having no report to the 
wings they join to. For the rest, the fore-court 
is noble, so are the stables; and, above all, the 
gardens, which are incomparable by reason of the 
mequality of the ground, and a pretty piscina. 
The holly hedges on the terrace I advised the 

Slanting of. The porticoes are in imitation of a 
ouse described by jPalladio ; but it happens to be 
the worst in his book, though my good mend, JSIr. 
Hugh May,* his Lordship's architect, effected it 

26/A. I carried with me to dinner my Lord H. 
Howard (now to be made Earl of Norwich and 
Earl Marshal of England) to Sir Robert Cla}rton's, 
now Sheriff of London, at his new house,^ where 
we had a great feast ; it is built indeed for a great 
magistrate, at excessive cost. The cedar dining- 
room is painted with the history of the Giants' 
War, incomparably done by Mr. Streater, but the 
figures are too near the eye.^ 

1 [See anU, p. 243.] > [See anU, p. 243.] 

> See mUy p. 214. 

4 See a$Ue, p. 117. Sir Robert's house, which he built 
to keep his slirievalty, was in the Old Jewry. Afterwards for 
some years it was the residence of Mr. Samuel Sharp, a &mous 
surgeon in his time, and was then occupied (from 1806 to the 
close of the year 1811) by the London Institution, for their 
libranr and reading-rooms. 

^ [These paintings were later transferred to Marden Park, 
six miles south of C^ydon, which Sir Robert Clayton bought in 
1677 from Evelyn's cousin Sir John Evelyn of Godstcme.] 



852 THE DIARY OF \m 

6th October. Dr. Thistlethwait preached at 
Whitehall on Rev. v. 2, — a young, but good 
preacher. I received the blessed Communion, Dr. 
Blandford, Bishop of Worcester, and Dean of the 
Chapel, officiating.^ Dined at my Lord Clifford's, 
with Lord Mulgrave,* Sir Gilbert Talbot,* and Sir 
Robert Holmes. 

Sth. I took leave of my Lady Sunderland,^ who 
was going to Paris to my Lo4 now ambassador 
there. She made me stay dinner at Leicester- 
House,^ and afterwards sent for Richardson, the 
famous fire-eater.^ He devoured brimstone oa 
glowing coals before us, chewing and swallowing 
them ; he melted a beer-glass and eat it quite up ; 
then taking a live coal on his tongue, he put on it 
a raw oyster, the coal was blown on with bellows 
till it flamed and sparkled in his mouth, and so 
remained till the oyster gaped and was quite boiled. 
Then, he melted pitch and wax with sulphur, which 
he drank down, as it flamed ; I saw it flaming in 
his mouth, a good while ; he also took up a l£ick 
piece of iron, such as laundresses use to put m 
their smoothing boxes, when it was fiery hot, held 
it between his teeth, then in his hand, and threw 
it about like a stone ; but this I observed, he cared 
not to hold very long ; then, he stood on a small 
pot; and bending his body, took a jzlowing iron 
with his mouth from between his rcet, without 

1 [Dr. Walter Blandford, l6l9-75; Bishop of Worcester, 
1671-75.1 

> [John Sheffield, third Earl of Mulgrave, 1648-1781.] 
See anie, p. 192.] 
See anU, pp. 329, S80,] 

^ Then a hsndsome brick building, on the north side of 
Leicester-Fields, which many years later, in 1708, was occupied 
by the German Ambassador, having been let to him by the Earl 
of Leicester. [It was pulled down in 1790.] 

^ [There is an account of Richardson's not now miracukoi 
feats in the Journal da Scavant for l680.] 



8 

4 



1672 JOHN EVELYN 858 

touching the pot, or ground, with his hands ; with 
divers other prodigious feats. 

ISth Octooer. After sermon (being summoned 
before), I went to my Lord Keeper's, Sir Orlando 
Bridgeman, at Essex House,^ where our new patent 
was opened and read, constituting us that were of 
the Council of Plantations, to be now of the Council 
of Trade also, both united. After the patent was 
read, we all took our oaths, and departed. 

2Uh. Met in Council, the Earl of Shaftes- 
bury,* now our President, swearing our Secretary 
and his clerks, which was Mr. Locke,' an 
excellent learned gentleman and student of Christ 
Church, Mr. Lloyd, and Mr. Frowde.* We des- 
patched a letter to Sir Thomas Lynch, Grovemor 
of Jamaica,' giving him notice of a design of the 
Dutch on that island. 

27/A. I went to hear that famous preacher. Dr. 
Frampton,^ at St Giles, on Psahn xxxix. 6. This 
divine had been twice at Jerusalem, and was not 
only a very pious and holy man, but excellent in 
the pulpit for the moving flections. 

%th November. At Council, we debated the 
business of the consulate of L^hom. I was of 
the Committee with Sir Humphry Winch,^ the 
chairman, to examine the laws of his M^esty*s 
several plantations and colonies in the West Indies, 
etc 

^ ^'A large, but ugly bouse" — says Pepys (24tb January, 
1669), wbicb stood near St Qement Danes Cbureb in the 
Strand, and of which the site is still commemorated in Essex 
Street^ Essex Court, and Devereux Court 
« [See a$Ue, p. 292.] 

^ [John Locke, l6d2-l704. He was Secretary to the recon- 
structed Council of Trade between 1673 and 1675. When Lord 
Shaftesbury withdrew to Holland in 1682 Locke followed him, 
lor which he was deprived of his student's place by an order 
firom the King.] 

* [Mr. Lodte's clerk.] * [See anU, p. 321.1 

^ [See ante, p. 339.] ^ L^e anie, p. 220.J 

VOL. II 2 A 



854 THE DIARY OF \m 

15th November. Many merchants were sum- 
moned about the consulate of Venice ; which caused 
great disputes; the most considerable thought 
it useless. This being the Queen Consort's birth- 
day, there was «i extraordinary appearance of 
gallantry, and a ball danced at Court 

80/A. I was chosen Secretary to the Royal 
Society. 

21^/ December. Settled the consulate of Venice. 

1672-8 : 1^ January. After public prayers in 
the chapel at Whitehall, when I gave God solemn 
thanks for all his mercies to me uie year past, and 
my humble supplications to him for his blesang 
the year now entering, I returned home, having 
my poor deceased servant (Adams) to bury, who 
died of a pleurisy. 

9rd. My son now published his version of 
** Rapinus Hortorum.**^ 

2%ttu Visited Don Francisco de Mdos, the 
Portugal Ambassador,' who showed me his curious 
collection of books and pictures. He was a person 
of good parts, and a vutuous man. 

6/A February. To Council about reforming an 
abuse of the dyers with murtdus^ and other false 
drugs ; examined divers of that trade. 

28rd The Bishop of Chichester^ preached 
before the King on Coloss. iL 14, 15, aomirabfy 
well, as he can do nothing but what is welL 

1 ^^ Of Gardens, m Four Books, Originally written in latin 
verse, by Renatus Rapinus, and now made English. By I. £• 
London, l67S. Dedicated to Henry, Earl of Arlington, etc 
etc. etc." The Dedication is reprinted in Evelyn's MiscdUmeim 
Writings, pp. 623, 624. 



« rSeeaii<«,p. 271.] 

• [Query,— Saunders, Sandalwood.] 

* Dr. Peter Gunning, l6l4-84, wh< 



running, l6l4-84, who held the Mastership d 
St John's G>llege, Cambridge, and afterwards the Bishopric rf 
Ely. Burnet, Hist, of His Own Time, 1 724, L 590, says of him thai 
he was a man of great reading, but ''a dark and perplexed 
preacher." 



1678 JOHN EVELYN 855 

5th March Our new vicar/ Mr. Holden, 
preached in Whitehall chapel^ on Psalm iv. 6, 7. 
This gentleman is a very excellent and miiversal 
scholar, a good and wise man ; but he had not the 
popular way of preaching, nor is in any measure 
nt for our plain and vulgar auditory, as his pre- 
decessor was. There was, however, no comparison 
betwixt their parts for profound learning. But 
time and experience may form him to a more 

{>ractical way than that he is in of University 
ectures and erudition ; which is now universally 
left off for what is much more profitable. 

\5th. I heard the speech made to the Lords in 
their House by Sir Samuel Tuke, in behalf of the 
Papists, to take off the penal laws ; and then dined 
with Colonel Norwood. 

\6th. Dr. Pearson, Bishop of Chester,* preached 
on Hebrews ix. 14 ; a most incomparable sermon 
from one of the most learned divines of our nation. 
I dined at my Lord Arlington's with the Duke 
and Duchess of Monmouth;' she is one of the 
wisest and craftiest of her sex, and has much wit 
Here was also the learned Isaac Vossius.^ 

During Lent, there is constantly the most 
excellent preaching by the most eminent bishops 
and divines of the nation. 

26/A. I was sworn a younger brother of the 
Trinity-House, with my most worthy and long- 
acquainted noble friend. Lord Ossory (eldest son 

1 U,e. Richard Holden, M. A., of Deptford, d. 1700. " A leam'd 
man, Evelyn calls him in another place. He succeeded Dr. 
Breton (see anUcy p. 338).] 
See ante, p. 64.] 

[Anne Scott, G>unte8s of Buccleuch in her own right] 
Isaac Vossius, l6l8-89> son of J. G. Vos, Canon of Canter- 
buiy.J On coming to England, Charles II. gave him a canonry 
at Windsor, and the University of Oxford conferred on him the 
degree of Doctor of Laws. It was said of him by the King^ " He 
is a strange man for a divine ; there is nothing he refuses to 
believe, but the Bible." 



8 
8 

4 



856 THE DIARY OF \m 

to the Duke of Ormonde), Sir Richard Browne, 
my father-in-law, being now Master of that Society; 
after which there was a great collation. 

29th March. I carried my son to the Bishop of 
Chichester, that learned and pious man. Dr. Peter 
Gunning,^ to be instructed by him before he 
received the Holy Sacrament, when he gave him 
most excellent advice, which I pray God may 
influence and remain with him as long as he lives ; 
and oh that I had been so blessed and instructed, 
when first I was admitted to that sacred ordinance I 

80th. Easter-Day. Myself and son received the 
blessed Communion, it being his first time, and 
with that whole week's more extraordinary pre- 
paration. I beseech God to make him a sinceie 
good Christian, whilst I endeavour to instil into 
hhn the fear and love of God, and discharge the 
duty of a father. 

At the sermon coram Rege^ preached by Dr. 
Sparrow, Bishop of Exeter,^ to a most crowded 
auditory ; I staid to see whether, according to 
custom, the Duke of York received the Com- 
munion with the King ; but he did not, to the 
amazement of everybody. This being the second 
year he had forborne,' and put it ofi^, and within & 
day of the Parliament sitting, who had lately made 
so severe an Act against the increase of Popery, ^ve 
exceeding grief and scandal to the whole nation, 
that the heir of it, and the son of a martyr for the 
Protestant religion, should apostatise. What the 
consequence of this will be, God only knows, and 
wise men dread« 

Wth April I dined with the plenipotentiaries 
designed for the treaty of Nimeguen. 

17tL I carried Lady Tuke to thank the 

^ [See supra, p. 354.] 

« Dr. Anthony Sparrow, 1612-85 ; Bishop of Exeter, 1667-761 

< [C£ Clarke's Ltfe of James the Second, 18l6, i pp. 482-88.] 



1678 JOHN EVELYN 857 

Countess of Arlington for speaking to his Majesty 
in her behalf, for being one of the Queen-Consort s 
women. She carried us up into her new dressing- 
room at Goring House,^ where was a bed, two 
glasses, silver jars, and vases, cabinets, and other so 
rich furniture as I had seldom seen ; to this excess 
of superfluity were we now arrived and that not 
only at Court, but almost universally, even to 
wantonness and profusion. 

Dr. Compton, brother to the Earl of Northamp- 
ton, preached on 1 Corinth, v. 11-16, showing 
the Church's power in ordaining things indifferent ; 
this worthy person's talent is not preaching, 
but he is likcf to make a grave and serious good 
man.^ 

I saw her Majesty's rich toilet in her dressing- 
room, being all of massy gold, presented to her by 
the King, valued at £4000. 

26th April Dr. Lamplugh' preached at St. 
Martin's, the Holy Sacrament following, which I 
partook of, upon obligation of the late Act of 
Parliament,^ enjoining everybody in office, civil or 
military, under penalty of £500, to receive it within 
one month before two authentic witnesses ; being 
engrossed on parchment, to be afterwards produced 
in the Court of Chanceiy, or some other Court of 
Record ; which I did at the Chancery-bar, as being 
one of the Council of Plantations and Trade; 
taking then also the oath of all^iance and supre- 
macy, signing the clause in the said Act against 
Transubstantiation. 

25th May. My son was made a younger brother 
of the Trinity-House. The new master was Sir 

1 rSec ante, pp. 226, 295.1 « [Sec ante, p. 299.] 

* [Dr. Thomas Lamplugn, l6l5-91> afterwards Archbishop of 
Yorkh 

* (The Test Act, 25 Car. II. c. 2, by which no one who would 
not take the Sacrament according to the rites of the Church of 
England could hold office under the Crown.] 



wmcs^mc^fSfmB^^Kssmtrnm 



858 THE DIARY OF \m 

Jer. Smith,* one of the Commissioners of the Navy, 
a stout seaman, who had interposed and saved the 
Duke from perishing by a nre-ship in the late 
war. 

2Sth May. I carried one Withers, an ingenious 
shipwright, to the King, to show him some new 
method of building. 

29th. I saw the Italian comedy at the Court 
this afternoon. 

10th June. Came to visit and dine with me 
my Lord Viscount Cornbury and his Lady ; Lady 
Frances Hyde, sister to the Duchess of York ; and 
Mrs. Dorothy Howard, Maid of Honour.^ We 
went, after dinner, to see the formal and formidable 
camp on Blackheath,' raised to invade Holland ; or, 
as others suspected, for another design. Thence, 
to the Italian glass-house at Greenwich, where 
glass was blown of finer metal than that of Murano, 
at Venice. 

18th. Came to visit us, with other ladies 
of rank, Mrs. Sedley,* daughter to Sir Charles, 
who was none of the most virtuous, but a wit 

19th. Congratulated the new Lord Treasurer, 
Sir Thomas Osborne,^ a gentleman with whom I 
had been intimately acquainted at Paris, and who 
was every day at my father-in-law's house and 
table there ; on which account, I was too confident 
of succeeding in his favour, as I had done in Im 
predecessor s ; but such a friend shall I never find, 
and I neglected my time, far from believing that 

^ [Admiral Sir Jeremiah Smith, d. l675. He is often 
mentioned bj Pepys.] 

* [See pcik, under 8th July, l675.] 

' [This was one of several temporary camps formed at Bbd^- 
heath (see pott, p. 359).] 

* Catherine Sedley, 1657-1717, the Duke of York's mistress, 
afterwards created by him Baroness of Darlington and Countess 
of Dorchester (see poH, under fi3rd August^ l678, and 10 
January, l6s6), ^ [See mUe, p. SI.] 



1678 JOHN EVELYN 859 

my Lord Clifford would have so rashly laid down 
his staff,^ as he did, to the amazement of all the 
world, when it came to the test of his receiving 
the Communion, which I am confident he forbore 
more from some promise he had entered into to 

gatify the Duke, than from any prejudice to the 
rotestant religion, though I found him wavering 
a pretty while. 

2Sra June. To London, to accompany our 
Council, who went in a body to congratulate the 
new Lord Treasurer, no friend to it, because pro- 
moted by my Lord Arlington, whom he hated 

26th. Came visitors from Court to dine with 
me and see the army still remaining encamped on 
Blackheath. 

6th July. This evening I went to the funeral 
of my dear and excellent friend, that good man 
and accomplished gentleman. Sir Robert Murray,' 
Secretary of Scotland. He was buried by order of 
his Majesty in Westminster Abbey. 

25th. I went to Tunbridge Wells, to visit my 
Lord Clifford, late Lord Treasurer, who was there 
to divert his mind more than his body; it was 
believed that he had so engaged himself to the 
Duke, that rather than take the Test, without which 
he was not capable of holding any office, he would 
resign that great and honourable station. This, I 
am confident, grieved him to the heart, and at last 
broke it; for, though he carried with him music 
and people to divert him, and, when I came to see 

^ [Lord Clifford and the Duke of York resigned their posts 
in consequence of the Test Act. The Duke was succeeded as 
Admiral of the Fleet by Prince Rupert] 

^ See mUe, p. 159* According to tne testimony of his con- 
temporariesy universally beloved and esteemed by men of all 
sides and sorts^ and the life and soul of the Royal Society. He 
delighted in every occasion of doing good, and Burnet refers 
enthusiastically to his superiority of genius and comprehension 
{Hisi. ofHii Onm Time, 1724, i. 69> 



860 THE DIARY OF mi 

him, lodged me in his own apartment, and would 
not let me go from him, I fomid he was struggling 
in his mmd ; and, being of a rough and ambitious 
nature, he could not long brook the necessity he 
had brought on himself, of submission to this ocm- 
juncture. Besides, he saw the Dutch war, wfaidi 
was made much 1^ his advice, as well as the 
shutting up of the Exchequer,- very unprosperous. 
These things his high spirit could not support. 
Having staid here two or three days, I obtained 
leave of my Lord to return. 

In my way, I saw my Lord of Dorset's house 
at Knole, near Sevenoaks,^ a great old-feushioned 
house. 

80th July. To Council, where the business of 
transporting wool was brought before us. 

81^. I went to see the pictures of all the 
judges and eminent men of the Long Robe, newly 
painted by Mr. Wright,' and set up in Guildhall, 
costing the City £1000. Most of them are very 
like the persons they represent, though I never 
took Wright to be any considerable artist. 

18th August. I rode to Durdans,^ where I dined 
at my Lord Berkeley's of Berkeley Castle, my old 
and noble fnend, it being his wed<Lg.annive4uy, 

1 See irnie, p. 340. Burnet says the Earl of Shaftesbury was 
the chief man in this advice (Hist, of His Otvn Time, 1724, 1 
306). There is a story — says Bray — among the gossip of that dayj 
that Shaftesbury having formed the plan, Clifford got possessioo 
of it over a botUe of wine, and carried it to the King as his owa 

^ [Knole Park, Sevenoaks, Kent, at present the seat of Lord 
Sackville (Lionel Sackville Sackville-West, G.C.M.G., second 
Baron). It is still said to retain much of the character of the 
Caroline era. When Evelyn wrote, it belonged to Qiarla 
Sackville, sixth Earl of Dorset, 1638-1706.] 

* [See ofUe, p. 137. Wright's picture contains portniti 
of the Judges (Sir Matthew Hale and others) who, during the 
rebuilding of London after the Fire, sat at Clifford's Inn to 
arrange differences between landlords and tenants.] 

^ ^ee ante, p. 134.] 



1678 JOHN EVELYN 861 

where I found the Duchess of Albemarle, and 
other company, and returned home on that evenmg, 
lata 

ISth Atigust. Came to visit me my Lord 
Chancellor, the Earl of Shaftesbury. 

18/A. My Lord Clifford, being about this time 
returned from Tunbridge, and preparing for 
Devonshire, I went to take my leave of him at 
Wallmgford-House;^ he was packmff up pictures, 
most of which were of hunting wild beasts, and 
vast pieces of bull -baiting, bear-baiting, etc. I 
found him in his study, and restored to him several 

Eapers of state, and others of importance, which 
e had furnished me with, on engaging me to 
write the History of the Holland War, with other 
private letters of his acknowledgments to my Lord 
Arlington, who from a private gentleman of a 
very noble family, but inconsiderable fortune, had 
advanced him from almost nothing. The first 
thing was his being in Parliament, then knighted, 
then made one of the Commissioners of Sick and 
Wounded, on which occasion, we sate long together ; 
then, on the death of Hugh Pollard, he was 
made Comptroller of the Household and Privy 
Councillor, yet still my brother Commissioner; 
after the death of Lord Fitz-Harding, Treasurer 
of the Household, he, by letters to Lord Arlini^n, 
which that Lord showed me, begged of his Lord* 
ship to obtain it for him as the very height of his 
ambition. These were written with such sub* 
missions and professions of his patronage, as I had 
never seen any more acknowledging. The Earl of 
Southampton then dying, he was made one of the 
Conmiissioners of the Treasury. His Majesty 
inclining to put it into one hand, my Lord Clifford, 
under pretence of making all his interest for his 
patron, my Lord Arlington, cut the grass under 

1 [See ohU, p. 277.] 



862 THE DIARY OF wn 

his feet, and procured it for himself assuring the 
King that Lord Arlington did not desire it 
Indeed, my Lord Arlington protested to me that 
his confidence in Lord Clifibrd made him so remiss, 
and his affection to him was so particular, that he 
was absolutely minded to devolve it on Lord 
Clifford, all the world knowing how he himsdf 
affected ease and quiet, now growing into years, 
yet little thinking of this go-by. This was the 
only great ingratitude Lord Clifford showed, keep- 
ing my Lord Arlington in ignorance, continually 
assuring him he was pursuing his interest, which 
was the Duke's, into whose great favour Lord 
Clifford was now gotten ; but which certainly cost 
him the loss of all, namely, his going so irrevocably 
far in his interest 

For the rest, my Lord Clifford was a valiant 
incorrupt gentleman, ambitious, not covetous; 
generous, passionate, a most constant siacere 
friend, to me in particular, so as when he bud 
down his office, I was at the end of all my hopes 
and endeavours. These were not for high matters, 
but to obtain what his Maiesty was really in- 
debted to my father-in-law, which was the utmost 
of my ambition, and which I had undoubtedly 
obtamed, if this friend had stood. Sir Thomas 
Osborne, who succeeded him, though much more 
obliged to my father-in-law and his family, and 
my long and old acquaintance, being of a more 
haughty and far less obliging nature, 1 could hope 
for little; a man of excellent natural parts; but 
nothing of generous or gratefriL 

Talung leave of my Lord Clifford, he wrunK 
me by the hand, and, looking earnestly on me, bid 
me God-bye, adding, "Mr. Evelyn, I shall never 
see thee more." " No 1 *" said I, " my Lord, what's 
the meaning of this ? I hope I shall see you often, 
and as great a person again. *" "No, Mr. Evelyn, 



im JOHN EVELYN 868 

do not expect it, I will never see this place, this 
City, or Court again," or words of this sound. In 
this manner, not without almost mutual tears, I 
parted from him; nor was it long after, but the 
news was that he was dead, and I have heard from 
some who I believe knew, he made himself away, 
after an extraordinary melancholy. This is not 
confidently affirmed, but a servant who lived in the 
house, and afterwards with Sir Robert Clajrton, 
Lord Mayor, did, as well as others, report it ; and 
when I hinted some such thing to Mr. Prideaux, 
one of his trustees, he was not willing to enter 
into that discourse. 

It was reported with these particulars, that, 
causing his servant to leave him unusuaUv one 
morning, locking himself in, he strangled himself 
with his cravat upon the bed-tester; his servant, 
not liking the manner of dismissing him, and 
looking through the key-hole (as I remember), and 
seeing nis master hanging, brake in before he was 

3uite dead, and taking him down, vomiting a great 
eal of blood, he was heard to utter these words, 
"Well; let men say what they will, there is a 
Grod, a just God above** ; after which he spake no 
more. This, if true, is dismal Really, he was 
the chief occasion of the Dutch war, and of all 
that blood which was lost at Bergen in attacking 
the Smyrna fleet,^ and that whole quarrel 

This leads me to call to mind what my Lord 
Chancellor Shaftesbury affirmed, not to me only, 
but to all my brethren the Council of Foreign 
Plantations, when not long after, this accident 
being mentioned as we were one day sitting in 
Council, his Lordship told us this remarkable 
passage : that, being one day discoursing with him 
when he was only Sir Thomas Clifibrd, speaking 
of men's advancement to great charges in the 

1 [See ante, p. 339.] 



864 THE DIARY OF im 

nation^ " Well," says he, " my Lord, I shall be one 
of the greatest men m England. Don't impute 
what I say either to fancy, or vanity ; I am certain 
that I shall be a mighty man ; but it will not last 
long ; I shall not hold it, but die a bloody death." 
" W hat," says my Lord, " your horoscope tells you 
so ? " " No matter for that, it will be as I tell you." 
"Well," says my Lord Chancellor Shaftesbury, 
" if I were of that opinion, I either would not be 
a great man, but decline preferment, or prevent 
my danger." 

This my Lord affirmed in my hearing, before 
several gentlemen and noblemen sitting in councfl 
at Whitehall And I the rather am confident of 
it, remembering what Sir Edward Walker (Gwrter 
King-at-Arms) ^ had likewise affirmed to me a long 
time before, even when he was first made a Lord ; 
that carrying his pedigree to Lord Clifford on his 
being created a peer, and, finding him busy, he 
bade him go into his study, and divert himsdf 
there till he was at leisure to discourse with him 
about some things relating to his family; there 
lay, said Sir Edward, on his table, his horoscope 
and nativity calculated, with some writing under 
it, where he read that he should be advanced to 
the highest degree in the state that could he 
conferred upon him, but that he should not long 
enjoy it, but should die, or expressions to thii 
sense ; and I think, (but cannot confidently say) a 
bloody death. This Sir Edward affirmed both 
to me and Sir Richard Browne ; nor could 1 

1 Sir Edward Walker, 1 612-77, celebrated for his knowledge 
of heraldry. He attended Charles II. into exile, and after toe 
Restoration he became first Clerk of the Privy Council, u^ 
subsequently Garter King-at-Arms. Author, among other wofb, 
of Iter Caroiinum, or an account of the Marches, etc, of King 
Charles I., MiUiary Discoveries^ Historical Discoveries, etc Pepys 
describes his bringing the Garter to the Earl of Sandwkh 
(27th May, l660> 



1673 JOHN EVELYN 865 

forbear to note this extraordinary passage in these 
memoirs.^ 

14/A September. Dr. Creighton, son to the late 
eloquent Bishop of Bath and Wells,' preached to 
the Household on Isaiah Ivil 8. 

15th. I procured £4000 of the Lords of the 
Treasury, and rectified divers matters about the 
sick and wounded. 

16^A. To Council, about choosing a new 
Secretary. 

nth. I went with some friends to visit Mr. 
Bernard Grenville, at Ab*s Court in Surrey; an 
old house in a pretty park.' 

2Srd. I went to see Paradise, a room in Hatton- 
Garden, furnished with a representation of all sorts 
of animals handsomely painted on boards, or cloth, 
and so cut out and made to stand, move, fly, crawU 
roar, and make their several cries.^ The man who 
showed it, made us laugh heartily at his formal 
poetry. 

\5th October. To Council, and swore in Mr. 
Locke, secretary. Dr. Worsley being dead.* 

27M. To Council, about sending succours to 



t 

8 

mile 



Here Evelyn speaks of his diaiy by its proper title.] 

|See ante, p. 17.] 

Apps or Ab's Court, ''over against Hampton Court,'* 1^ 

N.£. from Walton-on-Thames. It is said to have been a 
residence of Wolsey. It certainly once belonged to Lord Hali£Eac, 
who left it to the lady to whom he is believed to have been 
privately married, Newton's niece, the beautiful Catherine Barton. 
Pope mentions the house in the ImUatums of Horace, Ep. II. 
Bk. iL L 232 :— 

Ddightful Abs-court, if its fields afford 
Their fruits to you, confesses you its lord, 

when it was apparently occupied by Colonel Cotterell, to whom 
the Epistle is addressed. A new house now stands on the old 

site.] 

^ [This was a popular exhibition at the end of the seventeenth 
century. Locke notes it down for a friend as a place to be 
visited.] ^ [See atUe, p. 338.] 



866 THE DIARY OF len 

recover New York : and then we read the commis- 
sion and instructions to Sir Jonathan Atkins, the 
new Gk)yemor of Barbadoes. 

Sth November. This night the youths of the 
City burnt the Pope in effigy, after l^ey had made 
procession with it in great triumph, they being 
displeased at the Duke for altering his religicHi, 
ana marrying an Italian lady.^ 

80th. On St Andrew's day, I first saw the new 
Duchess of York, and the Duchess of Modena, her 
mother. 

1^ December. To Gresham College, whither the 
City had invited the Royal Society by many of 
their chief aldermen and magistrates, who gave us 
a collation, to welcome us to our first place of 
assembly, from whence we had been driven to give 
place to the City, on their making it their Excha^ 
on the dreadful conflagration, till their new^c- 
change was finished, which it now was. The 
Society having till now been entertained and having 
met at Arundel House.^ 

2n€L I dined with some friends, and visited 
the sick: thence, to an alms-house, where was 
prayers and relief, some very ill and miserable. 
it was one of the best days I ever spent in my 
life. 

SrcL There was at dinner my Lord Lockhart,' 
designed ambassador for France, a gallant and a 
sober person. 

dth. I saw again the Italian Duchess and her 
brother, the Prince Reynaldo. 

20th. I had some discourse with certain strangers, 

1 [Mary Beatrice D'Este, 1658-1718, daughter of Alfonso IV., 
Duke of Modena. James married her in this year, his fint 
wife, Anne Hyde, having died 3 1st March, 1671.1 

* [See atUe, p. 267.] 

' [Sir William Lockhart of Lee, 1621-76; Ambassador to 
Paris, 1673-76.] 



1674 JOHN EVELYN 867 

not unlearned, who had been bom not far from 
Old Nmeveh ; they assured me of the ruins being 
stUl extant, and vast and wonderful were the 
buildings, vaults, pillars, and magnificent frag- 
ments; but they could say little of the Tower 
of Babel that satisfied me. But the description 
of the amenity and fragrancy of the country for 
health and cheerfulness, delighted me ; so sensibly 
they spake of the excellent air and climate in respect 
of our cloudy and splenetic country. 

24M December. Visited the prisoners at Ludgate, 
taking orders about the releasing of some. 

With. I gave Almighty GU>d thanks for His 
infinite goodness to me the year past, and begged 
His mercy and protection the year following: 
afterwards, invited my neighbours to spend the day 
with me. 

1678-4 : 5th January. I saw an Italian opera in 
music, the first that had been in England of this 
kind. 

^th. Sent for by his Majesty to write something 
against the Hollanders about the duty of the Flag 
and Fishery. Returned with some paners. 

25^A March. I dined at Knightsbridge, with the 
Bishops of Salisbury, Chester, and Lincoln, my old 
friends. 

29th May. His Majesty's birthday and Restora- 
tion. Mr. Demalhoy, Roger L*£strange,^ and 
several of my friends, came to dine with me on the 
happy occasion. 

27th June. Mr. Dryden,^ the famous poet and 
now laureate, came to give me a visit. It was the 
anniversary of my marriage,' and the first day 
I went into my new little cell and cabinet, which 

1 rSee mUe, p. 109.] 

> [Diyden^ bom in l631^ was now forty-three. He had been 
made Laureate and historiographer in 1670.] 
• [27th Jane, l647 (see mUe, p. 2>] 



868 THE DIARY OF Wi 

I built below towards the south court, at the east 
end of the parlour. 

9th July. Paid £860 for purchase of Dr. Jacombe s 
son's share m the mill and land at Deptford, wtiich 
I bought of the Beechers. 

22n€L I went to Windsor with my wife and son 
to see my daughter Mary, who was there with my 
Lady Tuke, and to do my duty to his Majesty. 
Next day, to a great entertainment at Sir Robot 
Holmes's^ at Cranbome Lodge, in the Forest; 
there were his Majesty, the Queen, Duke, Duchess, 
and all the Court I returned in the evening with 
Sir Joseph Williamson,* now declared Secretary of 
State. He was son of a poor clergyman somewheit 
in Cumberland, brought up at Queen's College, 
Oxford, of which he came to be a fellow; then 

travelled with ' and retumii^ when the King 

was restored, was received as a Clerk under Mr. 
Secretary Nicholas. Sir Henry Bennet (now Lord 
Arlington) succeeding, Williamson is transferred 
to him, who loving his ease more than business 
(though sufficiently able had he applied himself to 
it) remitted all to his man Williamson ; and, in a 
short time, let him so into the secret of affairs, that 
(as his Lordship himself told me) there was a kind 
of necessity to advance him ; and so, by his subtletj, 
dexterity, and insinuation, he got now to be principal 
Secretary; absolutely L#ord Arlington's creature, 
and ungrateful enough. It has been the fate of 
this obliging favourite to advance those who soon 
forgot their original Sir Joseph was a musician, 
could play at Jeu de Goblets^^ exceeding formal, a 
severe master to his servants, but so inwaid witii 

1 [See ante, p. 296.] « [See ante, p. 220.] 

^ p Possibly one of the sons of the Marquis of Ormonde" 

{Diet. Nat. Biog.).] 

* [This is a figure for "juggler" or ''trickster" ; but Evdjn 

may mean something more literaL] 



im JOHN EVELYN 869 

my Lord O'Brien, that after a few months of that 
gentleman's death, he married his widow/ who, 
being sister and heir of the Duke of Richmond, 
brought him a noble fortune. It was thought 
they lived not so kindly after marriage as they 
did before. She was much censured for marry- 
ing so meanly, bemg herself allied to the Royal 
family. 

6^ August. I went to Groombridge, to see my 
old friend, Mr. Packer ; * the house built within a 
moat, in a woody vaUey. The old house had been 
the place of confinement of the Duke of Orleans,* 
taken by one Waller (whose house it then was) at 
the battle of Agincourt, now demolished, and a new 
one built in its place,^ though a far better situation 
had been on the south of the wood, on a graceful 
ascent At some small distance, is a large chapel, 
not long since built by Mr. Packer's father, on a 
vow he made to do it on the return of King Chiu*les I. 
out of Spain, 1625, and dedicated to St. Charles ; 
but what saint there was then of that name I am 
to seek, for, being a Protestant, I conceive it was 
not Borromeo. 

I went to see my farm at Ripe, near Lewes.* 
\9th. His Majesty told me how exceedingly 
the Dutch were displeased at my treatise of tiie 

^ Lady Catherine Stuart^ sister and heir to Charles Stuart^ 
third Duke of Richmond, the husband of Frances Teresa 
Stewart (1647-1702)^ one of the most admired beauties of the 
Courts with whom Charles the Second was so deeply in love that 
he never forgave the Duke for marrying her in 1667, having 
already, it is thought, formed some similar intention himsel£ 
He took the first opportunity of sending the Duke into an 
honourable exile, as Ambassador to Denmark, where he shortly 
after died (l672), leaving no issue by the Duchess. 

* [See a$Ue, p. 6l.] 

* [The Duke's arms are still to be seen on a stone preserved 
over the S. porch of the present Speldhurst Church.] 

* [Orca 1660.] 

^ [Seven miles £. of Lewes.] 

VOL. II 2 B 



870 THE DIARY OF \m 

History of Commerce ; ^ that the Holland Ambas- 
sador had complained to hun of what I had touched 
of the Flags and Fishery, ete.,^ and desired the 
book might be called in ; whilst, on the other side, 
he assured me he was exceedingly pleased with 
what I had done, and gave me many thanks. 
However, it being just upon conclusion of the 
treaty of Breda ^ (indeed it was designed to haye 
been published some months before and when we 
were at defiance), his Majesty told me he must 
recall it formally ; but gave order that what copies 
should be publicly seiz^ to pacify the Ambassador, 
should immediately be restored to the printer, and 
that neither he nor the vender should be molested. 
The truth is, that which touched the Hollander 
was much less than what the Eong himself furnished 
me with, and obliged me to publish, having caused 
it to be read to him before it went to the press; 
but the error was, it should have been published 
before the peace was proclaimed. The noise of 
this book's suppression made it presently be bought 
up, and turned much to the stationer s advantage. 
It was no other than the Preface prepared to be 
prefixed to my History of the whole War ; which 
I now pursued no further. 

2\st August. In one of the meadows at the foot 
of the long Terrace below the Castle [Windsor^ 

1 Entitled Nangatwn and Comtntrce^ ihar Orianal and Progr» 
etc. Containing a succinct Account of Traffidc in General; it> 
Benefits and Improvements: of Discoveries, Wars, and Conflicts it 
Sea, from the Original of Navigation to this Day ; with special 
regard to the English Nation ; their several Voyages and Expedi- 
tions, to the Beginning of our late Differences with Holland ; I> 
which His Majesties Title to the Dominion of the Sea is asserted 
against the Novel, and later Pretenders. By J. Evelyn, Es^ 
S.R.S. 8vo., 1674. Dedicated to the King. It was, as sUted, 
only the introduction to the intended History of the LhUck f¥v, 
and is reprinted in Evelyn's Mucellaneous ff^riiings, pp. 625-686. 



« [See anie, p. 367.1 
• [In " " ■ 



which the honour of the flag was conceded.] 



NAVIGATION 

AND 

Commerce, 

THEIR 

ORIGINAL 

PROGRESS. 

Containing 

A fucciriB Account cf Traffickw General; 

its Benefits 4;;iif Improvements: O/Difcoverics, 
Wars and Confli&s at Sea, from the Originalpf 
Nav igation to this Day ; with fbecial Regard to 
ri&^ E N G L I SH Nation ^^iheir feveralVoy- 
ages and Expeditions , to the Beginning of oar 
late Differences mth HOLLAND; In which 
His Majefties Title to the DOMINION of 
the SEjf is Jfferted, againji the Novel, 4W 
later Pretenders. 

By y.EFELTNEfq^ S.K.sT 

Cicero ad Attic L. 10. Ep.7. 
^i M A R E tenet ^ eum necejfe eJlKEKUM Pot in. 

LONDON, 

Printed by T.K. for Benj.took/^ at the Sign of the Ship 
in Su Pauls Chnrchyard^ '^74» 

Facsimile of the Title-Page of " Navigation and 

Commerce/' 16'74 



M74 JOHN EVELYN 871 

• 

works were thrown up to show the King a represent- 
ation of the City of Maestricht, newly taken by the 
French.^ Bastions, bulwarks, ramparts, palisadoes,. 
grajBs, horn -works, counterscarps, etc., were con- 
structed. It was attacked by the Duke of Mon- 
mouth (newly come from the real siege) and the 
Duke of York, with a little army, to show their 
skill in tactics. On Saturday night, they' made 
their approaches, opened trenches, raised batteries,, 
took the counterscarp and ravelin, after a stout 
defence ; great guns nred on both sides, grenadoes 
shot, mines sprung, parties sent out, attempts of 
raising the siege, prisoners taken, parleys ; and, in 
short, all the circumstances of a formal siege, to 
appearance, and, what is most strange, all without 
disorder, or ill accident, to the great satisfaction of 
a thousand spectators. Being night, it made a 
formidable show. The siege bein^ over, I went 
with Mr. Pepys back to London, where we arrived 
about three in the morning. 

15th September. To Council, about fetching 
away the English left at Surinam, etc., since our 
reconciliation with Holland. 

21^. I went to see the great loss that Lord 
Arlington had sustained by fire at Goring House,^ 
this night consumed to the ground, with exceeding 
loss of hangings, plate, rare pictures, and cabinets ; 
hardly an)^hing was saved of the best and most 

Srincely furniture that any subject had in England. 
f y lord and lady were both absent at the Bath. 
6th October. The Lord Chief Baron Turner,* 
and Serjeant Wild, Becorder of London,^ came to 
visit me. 



1 [In 1673.] « [See anie, p. 357.] 

' Sir Edward Turner, d. l675, Speaker of the House of 

Commons, subsequently Solicitor - General^ and Lord Chief 

Baron. 

* Sir William WUde, l6ll-79, was King's Serjeant, 1661; 

Judge of Common Pleas, 1668 ; and King's Bench, l673. 



872 THE DIARY OF m 

20th October. At Lord Berkeley's, I discoursed 
with Sir Thomas Modyford, late Governor of 
Jamaica, and with Colonel Morgan/ who undertook 
that gallant exploit from Nombre de Dios toPanama» 
on the Continent of America ; he told me 10,000 
men would easily conquer all the Spanish Indies, 
they were so secure. They took great booty, and 
much greater had been taken, had they not been 
betrayed and so discovered before their approach, 
by which the Spaniards had time to carry their vast 
treasure on board ships that put o£f to sea in sight 
of our men, who had no boats to follow. They set 
fire to Panama, and ravaged the country sixty miles 
about. The Spaniards were so supine and un- 
exercised, that they were afraid to fir^ a great gun. 

81^. My birthday, 54th year of my life. 
Blessed be God ! It was also preparation-day for 
the Holy Sacrament, in which I participated the 
next day, imploring God's protection for the year 
following, and conm-ming my resolutions of a more 
holy life, even upon the Holy Book. The Lord 
assist and be gracious unto me ! Amen. 

15th November. The anniversary of my baptism : 
I first heard that famous and excellent preacher, 
Dr. Burnet* (author of the History qi the Be- 
formation) on Colossians iiL 10, with such flow of 
eloquence and fulness of matter, as showed him to 
be a person of extraordinary parts. 

Being her Majesty's birthday, the Court was 
exceeding splendid in clothes and jewels, to the 
height of excess. 

nth. To Council, on the business of Surinam, 
where the Dutch had detained some English in 
prison, ever since the first war, 1665.' 

1 [See ante, p. 827.] 

< [Dr. Gilbert Burnet, 1643-1715, afterwards (1 689) Bishop 
of Salisbury. He had been dismissed by the King from his 
Chapkincy.J * [See ante, p. 871.] 



W4 JOHN EVELYN 878 

19^ Nmeinber. I heard that stupendous violm, 
Signor Nicholao (with other rare musicians), whom I 
never heard mortal man exceed on that instrument. 
He had a stroke so sweet, and made it speak like 
the voice of a man, and, when he pleased, like a 
concert of several instruments. He did wonders 
upon a note, and was an excellent composer. 
Here was also that rare lutanist. Dr. Wallgrave ; ^ 
but nothing approached the violin in Nicholao's 
hand. He played such ravishing things as 
astonished us alL 

2nd December. At Mr. Slingsby's, Master of 
the Mint, my worthy friend, a great lover of 
music. Heaid Signor Francesco on the harpsi- 
chord, esteemed one of the most excellent masters 
in Europe on that instrument; then, came 
Nicholao with his violin, and struck all mute, 
but Mrs. Knight,' who sung incomparably, and 
doubtless has the greatest reach of any English 
woman ; she had been lately roaming in Italy, and 
was much improved in that quality. 

\5th. Saw a comedy ' at night, at Court, acted 
by the ladies only, amongst them Lady Mary and 
Ann, his Royal Highness s two daughters, and my 
dear friend, Mrs. Blagge,^ who, having the principal 

^ [See post, under 28th February, l684.] 

* [See antey p. 138.] 

* This was the Masque of CaliHo ; or, the Chaste Nymph, by 
John Crowne, d. 1703. The performers in the piece were, the 
two daughters of the Duke of York^ Lady Henrietta Wentworth 
(afterwaards mistress to the Duke of Monmouth), Countess of 
Sussex, Lady Mary Mordaunt, Mrs. Blagge, who had been Maid 
of Honour to the Queen, and Mrs. Jennings, then Maid of 
Honour to the Duchess of York, and afterwards the celebrated 
Duchess of Marlborough. The Duke of Monmouth, Lord Dun- 
blane, Lord Daincourt, were among the dancers; and Mrs. 
Davis, Mrs. Knight, Mrs. Butler, and other celebrated comedians 
of the day, also acted and sung in the performance. The Masque 
was printed in 4to in 1675. 

^ [At this time Margaret Blagge had withdrawn from Court, 
and was living at Berkeley House with her friend Lady Berkeley, 



«74 THE DIARY OF im 

part, performed it to admiration. They were all 
covered with jewels, 

22nd December. Was at the repetition of the 
Pastoral^ on which occasion Mrs. Blagge had about 
her near £20,000 worth of jewels, of which she lost 
one worth about £80, borrowed of the Countess 
of Suffolk. The press was so great, that it is a 
wonder she lost no more. The Duke made it 
good. 

1674-5 : 20th January. Went to see Mr. 
Streater,^ that excellent painter of perspective and 
landscape, to comfort and encourage nim to be 
cut for the stone, with which that honest maEh was 
exceedingly afflicted. 

22nd March. Supped at Sir William Petty V 
with the Bishop of Salisbury,® and divers honour- 
able persons. We had a noble entertainment in a 
house gloriously furnished ; the master and mistress 
of it were extraordinary persons. Sir William was 
the son of a mean man somewhere in Sussex, 
and sent from school to Oxford, where he studied 
Philosophy, but was most eminent in Mathematics 
and Mechanics ; proceeded Doctor of Physic» and 
was grown famous, as for his learning so for his 
recovering a poor wench that had been hanged for 
felony ; and her body having been b^ged (as the 
custom is) for the anatomy lecture, he bled her, 
put her to bed to a warm woman, and, with spirits 

wife of Lord Berkeley of Stratton (see atUe, p. 851). But the 
King and Duke of York had " laid their Commands " upon her 
to take part in Crowne's masque. She appropriately represented 
DianaJ] 

^ See ante, p. 211. King Charles^ who had a great renxd 
for this artist^ is said to have sent for a famous surgeon man 
Paris, on purpose to perform the operation. 

^ [See ante, p. 178. Sir William Petty's house was in 
Sackville Street, Piccadilly — ^the comer house on the east side, 
opposite St. James's Church.] 

* [Dr. Seth Ward (see atUe, p. 76^. Walter Pope, mentioned 
in the following note, wrote his life J 



W6 JOHN EVELYN 875 

and other means, restored her to life/ The youn^ 
scholars joined and made a little portion, and 
married her to a man who had several children by 
her, she living fifteen years after, as I have been 
assured. Sir William came from Oxford to be 
tutor to a neighbour of mine; thence, when the 
rebels were dividing their conquests in Ireland, he 
was employed by them to measure and set out the 
land, which he did on an easy contract, so much 
per acre. This he eflFected so exactly, that it not 
only furnished him with a great sum of money; 
but enabled him to purchase an estate worth £4000 
a year. He afterwards married the daughter of 
Sir Hardress Waller;* she was an extraordinary 
wit as well as beauty, and a prudent woman. 

Sir William, amongst other inventions, was 
author of the double-bottomed ship," which 

{>erished, and he was censured for rashness, being 
ost in the Bay of Biscay in a storm, when, I think, 
fifteen other vessels miscarried. This vessel was 
flat-bottomed, of exceeding use to put into shallow 
ports, and ride over smidl depths of water. It 
consisted of two distinct keels cramped together 
with huge timbers, etc, so as that a violent stream 

^ According to Bray, a full account of this event was given in 
a published pamphlet at the time^ entitled " Newes from the 
Dead> or a true and exact Narration of the miraculous Deliverance 
of Anne Greene, who being executed at Oxford, Dec. 14, 1650, 
afterwards revived ; and by the care of certain Physicians there, 
is now perfectly recovered. Oxford, the second Impression, with 
Additions, 4to, l651." Added to the Narrative are several 
copies of Verses in Latin, English, and French, by Gentlemen 
of the University, commemorative of the event ; amongst others, 
by Joseph Williamson, afterwards Secretary of State, by Chris- 
topher Wren, the famous architect, then of Wadham College, 
by Walter Pope [author of The Wish, l697], Dr. Ralph Bathurst 
(die last under other names), and many more. The pamphlet 
was reprinted, but very negligently, from the first and worst 
edition, in Morgan's Phcenix Britanmcus, 4to. 

* [Sir Hardress Waller, the regicide, 1604-66. He was 
imprisoned for life.] ' See atUe, p. 178. 



876 THE DIARY OF \m 

ran between ; it bare a monstrous broad sail, and 
he still persists that it is practicable, and of exceed- 
ing use; and he has often told me he would 
adventure himself in such another, could be 
procure sailors, and his Majesty's permission to 
make a second Eocperiment ; which name the King 
gave the vessel at the launching.^ 

The Map of Ireland^ made by Sir William 
Petty is believed to be the most exact that eva 
yet was made of any country. He did promise 
to publish it ; and I am told it has cost him near 
£1000 to have it engraved at Amsterdam. There 
is not a better Liatin poet living, when he gives 
himself that diversion ; nor is his excellence less in 
Council and prudent matters of state ; but he is so 
exceeding nice in sifting and examining all possible 
contingencies, that he adventures at nothing which 
is not demonstration. There were not in the wh(Je 
world his equal for a superintendent of manufacture 
and improvement of trade, or to govern a planta- 
tion. If I were a Prince, I should make him 
my second Counsellor, at least. There is nothing 
difficult to hiuL He is, besides, courageous; on 
which account, I cannot but note a true story of 
him, that when Sir Aleyn Brodrick sent him a 
challenge upon a difference betwixt them in 
Ireland, Sir William, though exceedingly purblind, 
accepted the challenge, and it bemg his part to 
propound the weapon, desired his antagonist to 
meet him with a hatchet, or axe, in a dam cellar ; 
which the other, of course, refused. 

Sir William was, with all this, facetious and of 
easy conversation, friendly and courteous, and had 
such a faculty of imitating others, that he would 

^ [See mUe, p. 220.] 

* [The '' Down Survey " of forfeited estates executed for the 
Commonwealth in l654. It was the first attempt at canjiug 
out a survey on a large scale scientifically.] 



i«76 JOHN EVELYN 877 

take a text and preach, now like a grave orthodox 
divme^ then falling into the Presbyterian way, then 
to the fanatical, the Quaker, the monk and friar, 
the Popish priest, with such admirable action, and 
alteration of voice and tone, as it was not possible 
to abstain from wonder, and one would swear to 
hear several persons, or forbear to thmk he was not 
in good earnest an enthusiast and almost beside 
himself ; then, he would fall out of it into a serious 
discourse ; but it was very rarely he would be pre- 
vailed on to oblige the company with this faculty, 
and that only amongst most intimate friends. My 
Lord Duke of Ormonde once obtained it of him, and 
was almost ravished with admiration ; but by-and- 
bye^ he fell upon a serious reprimand of the faults and 
miscarriages of some Princes and Governors, which, 
though he named none, did so sensibly touch the 
Duke, who was then Lieutenant of Ireland, that 
he b^an to be very uneasy, and wished the spirit 
laid which he had raised, for he was neither able to 
endure such truths, nor could he but be delighted. 
At last, he melted his discourse to a ridiculous 
subject, and came down from the joint stool on 
which he had stood ; but my lord would not have 
him preach any more. He never could get favour 
at Court, because he outwitted all the projectors 
that came near him. Havmg never known such 
another genius, I cannot but mention these 

rrticulars, amongst a multitude of others which 
could produce. When I, who knew him in 
mean circumstances, have been in his splendid 
palace, he would himself be in admiration now he 
arrived at it ; nor was it his value or inclination for 
splendid furniture and the curiosities of the age, 
but his el^ant lady could endure nothing mean, or 
that was not magnificent He was very n^ligent 
himself, and rather so of his person, ana of a 
philosophic temper. ''What a to-do is herel'* 



878 THE DIARY OF m 

would he say, "I can lie in straw with as much 
satisfaction." 

He is author of the ingenious deductions from 
the bills of mortality, which go under the name of 
Mr, Graunt ; ^ also of that useful discourse of tbe 
manufacture of wool, and several others in the 
register of the Royal Society. He was also author 
of that paraphrase on the 104th Psalm in Latin 
verse, which goes about in MS., and is inimitable. 
In a word, there is nothing impenetrable to him. 

26th March. Dr. Brideoake was elected Bishop 
of Chichester,* on the translation of Dr. Gunning 
to Ely.* 

80th. Dr. AUestree * preached on Romans vL 8, 
the necessity of those who are baptized to die to 
sin ; a very excellent discourse from an excellent 
preacher. 

25th April Dr. Barrow,* that excellent, pious, 
and most learned man, divine, mathematician, pod 
traveller, and most humble person, preached at 
Whitehall to the household, on Luke xx. 27, of 
love and charity to our neifl;hbours. 

29th. I read my first discourse Of Earth (sd 
Vegetation before the Royal Society as a lecture m 
course,* after Sir Robert Southwell ^ had read hfe 

1 [John Graunt, the statistician, 1620-74. The woik lefienol 
to is presumably Natural and Political Observations . . . msii 
upon the Bills of Mortality, I66I.I 

s [Dr. Ralph Brideoake, 1018-78; Bishop of Chichester. 
1675-78.] 

• [See ante, p. 125.] * [See ante, p. 157.] 

« br. Isaac Barrow, 1 630-77, Master of Trinity College, Caoh 
bridge ; in which he succeeded Dr. John Pearson, made Ksbof 
of Chester in l67S. 

^ [A Philosophical Discourse of Earth, relating to the CmUmre sd 
ImprofvenierU of it for Vegetation, and the propagation of PU^ 
etc,, as it was presented to the Royal Society, 4P ^^' lo75. Br 
J. Evelyn, Esq., Fellow of the said Society, lo76.] 

7 Sir Robert Southwell, 1685-1702. He was sent Entof 
Extraordinary to Portugal, in 1665-68, and in the same capscitr 



W76 JOHN EVELYN 879 

the week before On Water. I was commanded by 
our President, and the su£&age of the Society, to 
print it 

IQth May. This day was my dear friend, Mrs. 
Blagge,^ married at the Temple Church to my 
friend, Mr. Sidney Godolphin,' Groom of the Bea- 
chamber to his Majesty. 

ISth. I went to visit one Mr. Bathurst, a 
Spanish merchant, my neighbour. 

Slst. I went with Lord Ossory to Deptford, 
where we chose him Master of the Trinity Company. 

2nd Jv/ne. I was at a conference of the Lords 
and Commons in the Painted Chamber, on a 
difference about imprisoning some of their members; 
and, on the 8rd, at another conference, when the 
Lords accused the Commons for their transcendent 
misbehaviour, breach of privilege. Magna Charta, 
subversion of government, and other high, pro voking, 
and diminishing expressions, showing wnat duties 
and subjection they owed to the Lords in Parlia- 
ment, by record of Henry IV. This was likely to 
create a notable disturbance. 

15^. This afternoon came Monsieur K^roualle 
and his lady, parents to the famous beauty 
and ♦ ♦ * ♦ * favourite at Court,' to see Sir 
R. Browne, with whom they were intimately 
acquainted in Bretagne, at the time Sir Richard 
was sent to Brest to supervise his Majesty's sea- 
affairs, during the latter part of the King's banish- 
to Brussels^ in l67l. He was subsequently Clerk of the Privy 
Council^ and having shown much taste for learned and scientific 
researches, was five times elected President of the Royal Society. 

^ Anie^ p. 378, etc. ; and see /xw/, under 8th September^ l678. 

s rSidney Godolphin, 1645-1712, afterwards first Earl of 
Godolphin. This entry must have been added later^ for at this 
date Evelyn did not know of the marriage.] 

' [Her fiither was Guillaume de Penancoet, Sieur de K^rouaHe, 
a Breton gentleman of an old descent ; her mother, Marie de 
Plceuc de Timeur (through her mother) was connected with the 
£unily of de Rieux. J 



«80 THE DIARY OF wn 



ment This gentleman's house was not a mile firom 
Brest; Sir Richard made an acquaintance there, 
and, being used very civilly, was obliged to rd^un 
it here, which we did. He seemed a soldierly 
person and a good fellow, as the Bretons generally 
are ; his lady had been very handsome, and seemed 
a shrewd understanding woman. Conv^sing with 
him in our garden, I found several words of the 
Breton language the same with our Welch. His 
daughter was now made Duchess of Portsmouth,^ 
and in the height of favour ; but he never made 
any use of it. 

21th June. At Ely House, I went to the consecra- 
tion of my worthy friend, tiie learned Dr. Bailov, 
Warden of Queen s CoU^e, Oxford, now made 
Bishop of Lincoln.' After it, succeeded a magni- 
ficent feast, where were the Duke of Ormonde, 
Earl of Lauderdale^ the Lord Treasurer^ Lord 
Keeper, etc 

%th July. I went with Mrs. Howard and her two 
daughters* towards Northampton Assizes, about 
a trial at law, in which I was concerned for then 
as a trustee. We lay this night at Henley- 
on-the-Thames, at our attorney, Mr. StepheDS*s» 
who entertained us very handsomely. Next day, 
dining at Shotover, at Sir Timothy Tyrell's,* * 
sweet place, we lay at Oxford, where it Mras the 
time of the Act. Mr. Robert Spencer, uncle to 
the Earl of Sunderland,^ and my old acquaintance 
in France, entertained us at his apartment in 
Christ Church, with exceeding generosity. 

10th. The Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Bathurst • (who 

1 rin 1673.] 

^ ^y Place (or House), Holbom, belonged to the See of Elf* 
The Bishop of Ely, Dr. Benjamin Laney, 1591-1675, died there ii 
this year. Dr. llionias Barlow, 1607-9I9 was Bishc^ of Linoob, 
1 675-91 > succeeding Dr. William Fuller, d, 1675.] 

> [See ante, p. 297.1 ^ [See amU, p. 50.] 

» [See anU, p. 301. J ^ [See cmU, p. 2452.] 



1676 JOHN EVELYN 881 

had fonnerly taken Darticular care of my son)» 
President of Trinity (JoUege, invited me to dinner, 
and did me great honour all the time of my stay. 
The next day, he invited me and all my company, 
though strangers to him, to a very noble feast I 
was at all the academic exercises. — Sunday, at St. 
Mary's, preached a Fellow of Brasen-nose, not a 
little magnifying the dignity of Churchmen. 

11th July. We heard the speeches, and saw the 
ceremony of creating Doctors in Divinity, Law, 
and Physic I had, early in the morning, heard 
Dr. Morison,^ Botamc Professor, read on divers 
plants in the Physic Garden : and saw that rare 
collection of natural curiosities of Dr. Plot's,* of 
Magdalen Hall, author of The Natural History 
of Uxfordshire^ all of them collected in that shire, 
and indeed extraordinary, that in one county there 
should be found such variety of plants, shells, 
stones, minerals, marcasites,* fowls, insects, models 
of works, crystals, agates and marbles. He was 
now intending to visit Staffordshire, and, as he had 
of Oxfordshire, to give us the natural, topical, 
political, and mechanical history. Pity it is that 
more of this industrious man's genius were not 
employed so to describe every county of England ; 
it would be one of the most useful and illustrious 
works that was ever produced in any age or nation. 

I visited also the Bodleian Library, and my old 
friend, the learned Obadiah Walker,^ head of 

1 Robert Morison^ 1620-88, Physiciaii to Charles XL, Regius 
Professor of Botany at Oxford^ and author of Prasludia Botamca, 
and of the fragment of a Hisiaria PlafUanm Oxomenns, which he 
left unfinished. 

3 Robert Plot, 1 640-96^ Doctor of Laws, one of the Secretaries 
of the Royal Society^ Royal Historiographer^ Keeper of the 
Archives of the Heralds' College; celebrated for his Natural 
Hutories of Oxfordshire and Staffordshire. 

[A mineral often mistaken for gold or silver ore.] 
See anUf p. 9*] 






882 THE DIARY OF i«7i 

University College, which he had now ahnost 
re -built, or repaired. We then proceeded to 
Northampton, where we arrived the next day. 

In this journey, went part of the way Mr. James 
Graham (since Privy Purse to the Duke), a young 
^ntleman exceedingly in love with Mrs. Dorothy 
toward, one of t£e Maids of Honour in oar 
company.^ I could not but pity them both, the 
mother not much favouring it. This lady was not 
only a great beauty, but a most virtuous and 
excellent creature, and worthy to have been wife 
to the best of men. My advice was required, and 
I spake to the advantage of the young gentleman, 
more out of pity than that she deserved no better 
match ; for, though he was a gentleman of good 
family, yet there was great inequality. 

14tth July. I went to see my Lord Sunderland's 
seat at Althorp,' four miles from the ragged town 
of Northampton (since burnt, and well re-built). 
It is placed in a pretty open bottom, very finely 
watered and flanked with stately woods and groves 
in a park, with a canal, but the water is not runnii^ 
whicn is a defect. The house, a kind of modem 
building, of freestone, within most nobly furnished; 
the apartments very commodious, a gallery and 
noble hall ; but the kitchen being in the body of the 
house, and chapel too small, were defects. Theit 
is an old yet honourable gate-house standing awry, 
and out-housing mean, but designed to be taken 
away. It was moated round, after the old manner, 
but it is now dry, and turfed with a beautiful carpel 
Above all, are admirable and magnificent the severs! 
ample gardens furnished with the choicest fruit, and 
exquisitely kept Great plenty of oranges, and 
other curiosities. The park full of fowl, especiallj 

^ He afterwards married her (see p. 388, n. 2), 
* [Althorp (see past, under 15th and 18th August, l688^ 
Althorp Park is the seat of Earl Spencer.] 



im JOHN EVELYN 888 

hems, and from it a prospect to Holmby House,^ 
which being demolished in the late civil wars, shows 
like a Roman ruin, shaded by the trees about it, a 
stately, solemn, and pleasing view. 

15th Jvly. Our cause was pleaded in behalf of the 
mother, Mrs. Howard* and her daughters, before 
Baron Thurland,* who had formerly been steward 
of Courts for me; we carried our cause, as there 
was reason, for here was an imprudent as well as 
disobedient son against his mother, by instigation, 
doubtless, of his wife, one Mrs. Ogle (an ancient 
maid), whom he had clandestinely marrieid, and who 
brought him no fortune, he being heir-apparent to 
the Earl of Berkshire. We lay at Brickhill, in 
Bedfordshire, and came late the next day to our 
journey's end. 

This was a journey of adventures and knight- 
errantry. One of the lady's servants being as 
desperately in love with Mrs. Howard's woman, as 
Mr. Graham was with her daughter, and she riding 

1 [Holmbj, or Holdenby House^ 6J m. N.W. of Northampton. 
It was built by Sir Christopher Hatton ; became a royal palace 
under James I. ; and, in lo47, was^ for a brief period, the prison 
of Charles I. It was dismantled in l652. At this date [1675] 
it belonged to Lord Duras (see post, under 24th October^ 1675). 
It was afterwards in the possession of the Marlborough family. 
The present house belongs to Lord Annaly.] 

^ Mrs. Howard was widow of William, fourth son of the first 
Earl of Berkshire, being the daughter of Lord Dundas, a Scottish 
peer. They had one son, Craven Howard ; and two daughters, 
L)orothy, who married Colonel James Graham, of Levens, in 
Westmoreland ; and Anne, who married Sir Gabriel Sylvius, Knt. 
Craven married two wives, the first of whom was Anne Ogle, of 
the family of the Ogles of Pinchbeck, in the county of L^coln 
(Collins's Peerage, 1735, iL pp. 139, 140). She was Maid of Honour 
to Queen Catherine at the time. 

These two daughters are the ladies mentioned by Evelyn in the 
text ; but he is not correct in calling Craven heir-apparent of the 
Earl of Berks, since, besides the uncle then in possession of the 
title, there was another uncle before him, who in fiict inherited 
it, and did not die till many years after. 

> [See anU, p 288.] 



884 THE DIARY OF im 

on horseback behind his rival, the amorous and 
jealous youth having a little drink in his pate, had 
here killed himself had he not been prevented ; for, 
alighting from his horse, and drawing his sword, he 
endeavoured twice or thrice to fall on it, but wis 
interrupted by our coachman, and a stranger pasang 
by. After this, running to his rival, and snatching 
his sword from his side (for we had beaten his own 
out of his hand), and on the sudden pulling down 
his mistress, would have run both of them through; 
we parted them, not without some blood. This 
miserable creature poisoned himself for her not 
many days after they came to London. 

19th July. The Lord Treasurer's^ Chaplain 
preached at Wallingford-house. 

9th AtigvM. Dr. Sprat,* prebend of Westminster, 
and Chaplain to the Duke of Buckingham, preached 
on the 8rd Epistle of Jude, showing what the 
primitive faith was, how near it and how excellent 
that of the Church of England, also the danger of 
departing from it. 

21th. I visited the Bishop of Rochester, at 
Bromley, and dined at Sir Philip Warwick's, at 
FrognaU.' 

2nd September. I went to see Dulwich College, 
being the pious foundation of one Alleyn, a £unous 
comedian, in King James's time. The chapel is 
pretty, the rest of the hospital very ill contrived; 
it yet maintains divers poor of both sexes. It is in 
a melancholy part of Camberwell parish. I came 
back by certain medicinal Spa waters, at a place 
called Sydenham Wells,^ in Lewisham parish, much 
frequented in summer. 

1 [The Earl of Danby, late Sir Thomas Osborne (see mtt. 

p. S5%y\ 

3 rSee <mte, p. SOO.] > [See atUe, p. 150.] 

^ [The Sydenham waters (once visited by George III.) wowl 

at present be vainly sought for. The spring was on Sydenb«B 

Common, now enclosed.] 



im JOHN EVELYN 885 

10th September. I was casually showed the 
Duchess of Portsmouth's splendid apartment^ at 
Whitehall, luxuriously furnished, and with ten times 
the richness and fflory beyond the Queen's ; such 
massy pieces of plate, whole tables, and stands of 
increoiDle value. 

29th. I saw the Italian Scaramuccio act before 
the King at Whitehall, people giving money to 
come in, which was very scandalous, and never so 
before at Court-diversions. Having seen him act 
before m Italy, many years past, I was not averse 
from seeing the most excellent of that kind of foUv. 

14dh October. Dined at Kensington with my old 
acquaintance, Mr. Henshaw, newly returned from 
Denmark, where he had been left resident after the 
death of the Duke of Richmond,' who died there 
Ambassador. 

15th. I got an extreme cold, such as was after- 
wards so epidemical, as not only to afflict us in this 
island, but was rife over all Europe, like a plague. 
It was after an exceeding dry summer and autumn. 

I settled affairs, my son * being to ao into France 
with my Lord Berkeley,^ deseed Ambassador 
Extraordinary for France and Flenipotentiary for 
the general treaty of peace at Nim^uen. 

2^k. Dined at Lord Chamberlain's with the 
Holland Ambassador L. Duras,^ a valiant gentle- 
man whom his Majesty made an English Baron, 
of a cadet, and gave him his seat of Holmby, in 
Northamptonshire. 

1 [It was over the Stone Gallery to the south of the Privy 
Garden (see poti, under 10th Aprils I691). It is not shown on 
Fisher's Plan of WhUehaU, I68O.J 



' [See vol. 1. p. 135 ; and mUt, p. SQ^y n. 1.1 

* 'See poii, under lOth Noveml^r^ 1675, and 13th May, 1676. 



6 



« See ante, p. 243.] 



] 



Louis Duras, or Durfort, 1640-1709, created Baron Duras 
of Holdenby, l673 ; English Ambassador at Nimeflruen, 1675^ 
afterwards Earl of Feversham (see past, under 8th Jiuy^ 1685).] 

VOL. II 2 C 



. «^ _n ^-^ - 



886 THE DIARY OF un 

27th October. Lord Berkeley coming into Council, 
fell down in the gallery at Whitehall, in a fit of 
apoplexy, and being carried into my Lord Cham- 
berlain's lodgings,^ several famous doctors were 
employed all that night, and with much ado he 
was at last recovered to some sense, by applying 
hot firepans and spirit of amber to his heaid ; but 
nothing was found so effectual as cupping him on the 
shoulders. It was almost a miraculous restoration. 
The next day he was carried to Berkeley House. 
This stopped his journey for the present, and caused 
my stay in town. He had put all his afiTairs and 
his whole estate in England into my hands during 
his intended absence, which though I was very 
unfit to undertake, in regard of many businesses 
which then took me up, yet, upon the great impor- 
tunity of my lady and Mr. Godolphin ^ (to whom 
I could refuse nothing) I did take it on me. It 
seems when he was Deputy in Ireland, not loi^ 
before, he had been mucn wronged by one he left 
in trust with his affairs, and therefore wished for 
some unmercenary friend who would take that 
trouble on him ; this was to receive his rents, look 
after his houses and tenants, solicit supplies firom 
the Lord Treasurer, and correspond weekly with 
him, more than enough to employ any drudge in 
England; but what will not nriendship and love 
make one do ? 

81^^. Dined at my Lord Chamberlain's, witii 
my son. There were the learned Isaac Vossius,' 
and Spanhemius,^ son of the famous man of Heidel- 

^ [Lord Arlington's, by the Privy Garden.] 

^ [Grodolphin's aunt Penelope was the wife of Lord Berkeley's 
brother^ Sir Charles Berkeley (see Appendix V., pp. 415, 416).] 

• [See emte,p. 355.] 

« Esekiel Spanheim, 1629-1710. The Elector PaUtine, 
Charles Louis, to whose son he had been tutor, sent him, after 
the peace of Ryswyk, ambassador to France^ and thence t» 
England. 



1676 JOHN EVELYN 887 

berg ; nor was this gentleman less learned, being a 
general scholar. Amongst other pieces, he was 
author of an excellent treatise on Medals. 

lOik November. Being the day appointed for 
my Lord Ambassador to set out, I met them with 
my coach at New Cross. There were with him 
my Lady his wife, and my dear friend, Mrs. 
Godolphin, who, out of an extraordinary friendship, 
would needs accompany my lady to Paris, and stay 
with her some time, which was the chief induce- 
ment for permitting my son to travel,^ but I knew 
him safe under her inspection, and in regard my 
Lord himself had promised to take him into his 
special favour, he having intrusted all he had to 
my care. 

Thus we set out, three coaches (besides mine), 
three waggons, and about forty horse. It being late, 
and my Lord as yet but valetudinary, we got but to 
Dartford the first day, the next to Sittingboume. 

At Rochester, the major, Mr. Cony, then an 
officer of mine for the sick and wounded of that 
place, gave the ladies a handsome refreshment as 
we came by his house. 

12tk. We came to Canterbury: and, next 
morning, to Dover. 

There was in my Lady Ambassadress's companv 
my Lady Hamilton, a sprightly young lady, much 
in the good graces of the family, wife of that valiant 
and worthy gentleman George Hamilton, not long 
after slain in the wars. She had been a maid of 
honour to the Duchess, and now turned Papist. 

IMh. Being Sunday, my Lord having before 
delivered to me his letter of attorney, keys, 
seal, and his Will, we took solemn leave of one 
another upon the beach, the coaches carrying them 
into the sea to the boats, which delivered them to 

^ [Young John Evelyn, now twenty, in a letter to his &ther, 
calls Mrs. Godolphin his ^' Pretty, Pious, Pearly Govemesse."] 



888 THE DIARY OF im 

Captain Gunman's yacht, the Mary. Being under 
sait the castle ^ gave them seventeen guns, vftiA 
Captain Gunman answered with eleven. Hence, 
I went to church, to beg a blessing on their 
voyage. 

2nd December. Being returned home, I visited 
Lady Mordaunt at Parson's Green, my Lord her 
son being sick. This pious woman delivered to me 
£100 to bestow as I tnought fit for the release of 
poor prisoners, and other charitable uses. 

21^. Visited her Ladyship again, where I found 
the Bishop of Winchester,^ whom I had long known 
in France ; he invited me to his house at Chelsea. 

29rcL Lady Sunderland gave me ten guineas, 
to bestow in charities. 

1675-6: 20ih February. Dr. Gunning, Bishop 
of Ely," preached before the King from St John 
XX. 21, 22, 28, chiefly a^inst an anonymous book, 
called Naked Truths a famous and popular treatise 
against the corruption in the Clergy, but not sound 
as to its quotations, supposed to have been the 
Bishop of Hereford's,* and was answered by Dr. 
Turner, it endeavouring to prove an equality of 
order of Bishop and Presbjrter. 

21th. Dr. Pritchard, Bishop of Gloucester/ 
preached at Whitehall, on Isaiah v. 5, very 
allegorically, according to his manner, yet verr 
gravely and wittily. 

29th. I dined with Mr. Povey,' one of the 
Masters of Requests, a nice contriver of lU 
el^ancies, and exceedingly formal. Supped with 
Sir J. Williamson, where were of our Society M/. 

'Dover Castle.] 

[Bishop Morley (see ante, p. 19)*] 

See ante, p. 354.1 
« Dr. Herbert Croft, 1605-91, Bishop of Hereford, l66l-91 
& [Dr. John Pritchard or Pritchet, Bishop of Gloucester, 
1672-81.] 

< [See£m(e, p. 211.] 



1 
s 

8 



1676 JOHN EVELYN 889 

Robert Boyle^ Sir Christopher Wren, Sir William 
Petty, Dr. Holden,^ sub-dean of his Majesty's 
Chapel, Sir James Shaen, Dr. Whistler,^ and our 
Secretary, Mr. Oldenburg. 

Uh March. Sir Thomas Ljmch' was returned 
from his government of Jamaica. 

16^. The Countess of Sunderland and I went 
by water to Parson s Green, to visit my Ladv 
Mordaunt, and to consult with her about my Lord s 
monument.^ We returned by coach. 

19th. Dr. Lloyd, late Curate of Deptford, but 
now Bishop of Llandaff,^ preached before the King, 
on 1 Cor. XV. 57, that though sin subjects us to 
death, yet through Christ we become his con- 
querors. 

29rd. To Twickenham Park, Lord Berkeley*s 
country-seat,^ to examine how the bailifife and 
servants ordered matters. 

2Uh. Dr. Brideoake,^ Bishop of Chichester, 

E reached a mean discourse for a Bishop. I also 
eard Dr. Fleetwood, Bishop of Worcester, on 
Matt xxvL 88, of the sorrows of Christ, a deadly 
sorrow caused by our sins; he was no great 
preacher. 

SQth. Dining with my Lady Sunderland, I saw 
a fellow swallow a knife, and divers great pebble 

1 [See ante, p. 355.] 

> Dr. Daniel Whistler, l6l9-84. President of the College 
of Physicians. He accompanied Bulstrode Whitelock in fids 
embassy to Sweden. Pepys says, 4th February, 166I, that he 
found him '' good company and a veiy ingenious man." 

» [See ante, p. 321.] 

^ tjohn Mordaunt, first Baron Mordaunt of Reigate in Surrey, 
and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon in Somerset, d. l675.] 

» rDr. William Lloyd, 1637-1710 ; Bishop of Llandaff, 1675-79.1 

* [An old house once inhabited by Bacon, who here gardened 
and planned the Novum Orgamtm. It was transferred in I668 
to Lord Berkeley from Henry Murray. The Berkeley fiunily 
occupied it until 1685. The site is now ''a village of villas and 
genteel residences ! "] ^ [See ante, p. 378.] 



890 THE DIARY OF mi 

stones, which would make a plain rattling one 
against another. The knife was in a sheath of 
horn. 

Dr. North, son of my Lord North, preached 
before the King, on Isaiah liiL 57, a very young 
but learned and excellent person. Note. This 
was the first time the Duke appeared no more in 
chapel, to the infinite grief ana threatened ruin of 
this poor nation.^ 

2nd April I had now notice that my dear 
friend, Mrs. Godolphin, was returning firom Paris. 
On the 6th, she arrived to my great joy, ^^hom I 
most heartily welcomed. 

28th. My wife entertained her MaiesW at 
Deptford, for which the Queen gave me wanks in 
the withdbrawing-room at WhitenalL 

The University of Oxford presented me with 
the Marmora Occoniensia ArundeHana;^ the 
Bishop of Oxford * writing to desire that I would 
introduce Mr. Prideaux,^ the editor (a young man 
most learned in antiquities) to the Duke of Norfolk, 
to present another dedicated to his Graces which 
I did, and we dined with the Duke at Arundd 
House, and supped at the Bishop of Rochester's 
with Isaac Vossius. 

7th May. I spoke to the Duke of York 
about my Lord Berkeley's going to Nim^uea 
Thence, to the Queen's Council at Somoset 
House, about Mrs. Godolphin's lease of Spaldii^ 
in Lincolnshire. 

11th. I dined with Mr. Charleton, and went to 

^ See emte, p. S56, 

> [See ante, p. 280.1 

> [Bishop John Feu. He was the friend of Prideaaz.] 

^ The copy of Prideaux's book thus presented to Evelyn is 
still in the library at Wotton. Humphrey Prideaux^ 1648-1784, 
became Dean of Norwich. He was tne author of Tke Commedim 
of the Histon of the Old and New TestameiU, 1716-18, Tke Life of 
Mohamet, l697, and other works. 



we JOHN EVELYN 891 

see Mr. Montag^u's ^ new palace near Bloomsbury, 
built by Mr. Hookey of our Society, after the 
French manner.^ 

l&th May. Returned home, and found my son 
returned from France ; praised be God ! 

22nd. Trinity Monday. A chaplain of my 
Lord Ossory's preached, after which we took barge 
to Trinity House in London. Mr. Pepys (Secretary 
of the Admiralty) succeeded my Lord as Master.' 

2nd June. I went with my Lord Chamberlain 
to see a garden,^ at Enfield town ; thence, to Mr. 
Secretary Coventry's' lod^e in the Chase.* It is 
a very pretty place, the house commodious, the 

? gardens handsome^ and our entertainment very 
ree, there being none but my Lord and mysel£ 
That which I most wondered at was, that, in the 
compass of twenty-five miles, yet witiiin fourteen 
of London, there is not a house, bam, church, or 
building, besides three lodges.^ To this I^odge are 
three great ponds, and some few inclosures, the 
rest a solitary desert, yet stored with not less than 
8000 deer. These are pretty retreats for gentle- 
men, especially for those who are studious and 
lovers oi privacy.' 

1 [Ralph Montagu, l6S8-1709> made Earl of Montagu by 
King William^ and Duke by AnneJ 

s TRobert Hooke, 1635-1708, Curator of the Royal Society, 
and Surveyor of London. This house was subsequently burned 
down in 1686 (see paH, under 19th January^ I686). In the 
buildinff erected on its site the British Museum was afterwards 
esUbli^ed.1 > [See atUe, p. 879*] 

« Probably that of Dr. Robert Uvedale^ Master of the 
Grammar School at Enfield in l664. See an account of it in 
Archasoiogia, vol. xiL p. 188^ and Robinson's History of Enfield, 
voL i. p. 116. 

ft rSir William Coventry (see anle, p. 18).] 

^ niVest Lodge. A new nouse has replaced the old.] 

7 Enfield Chase was divided in 1777. 

* [Macaulay^ History, chap, iii.^ and Scott^ Fortunes of Nigel, 
chap, xxxvi.^ had both apparently read this account of Enfield 
Chase.] 



892 THE DIARY OF im 

We returned in the evening by Hampstead, to 
see Lord Wotton's house and garden (Belsize 
House),^ built with vast expense by Mr. 0*Neale, 
an Irish gentleman who married Lord Wotton s 
mother, Lady Stanhope. The furniture is very 
particular for Indian cabinets, porcelain, and other 
solid and noble movables. The gallery very fine, 
the gardens very large, but ill-kept, yet woody and 
chargeable. The soil a cold weeping clay, not 
answering the expense. 

12th June. I went to Sir Thomas Bond's new 
and fine house by Feckham ;' it is on a flat, but has 
a fine garden and prospect through the meadows to 
London. 

2nd July. Dr. Castilion,^ Frebend of Canter- 
bury, preacned before the King, on John xv. 22, 
at Whitehall. 

Idth. Went to the funeral of Sir William 
Sanderson, husband to the Mother of the Maids,* 
and author of two large but mean histories of King 
James and King Chanes the First He was burieS 
at Westminster. 

1^ August. In the afternoon, after prayers at 
St. James's Chapel, was christened a daughter of 
Dr. Leake's, the Duke's Chaplain: godmothos 
were Lady Mary, daughter of the Duke of Yoik, 
and the Duchess of Monmouth : godfather, the 
Earl of Bath. 

^ In Park's Hiitory of HampHead will be found notices of this 
house. [It was pulled down in 1831. Belsize Paric now occupies 
the site.j 

^ [See post, under 23rd September, 1681. He had been 
Comptroller of the Household to Queen Henrietta Maria.] 

* [John Castilion, d. I688, being then Dean of Rochester.] 

« Sir William Sanderson, 1586-1676. He was the author of 
a Hisiory of Maty Queen of ScoU, and of Histories of James 
and Charles I. He held tne post of gentleman of the privy 
chamber, and his wife that of ^' mother of the maids " (see amU, 
p. 187). 



im JOHN EVELYN 898 

15^ August. Came to dine with me my 
Lord Halmix,^ Sir Thomas Meeres, one of 
the Commissioners of the Admiralty, Sir John 
Clayton, Mr. Slingsby, Mr. Henshaw, and Mr. 
Bridgeman. 

25th. Dined with Sir John Banks at his house 
in Lincoln's Inn Fields, on recommending Mr. 
Upman to be tutor to his son going into France. 
This Sir John Banks was a merchant of small 
b^inning, but had amassed £100,000. 

26th. I dined at the Admiralty with Secretary 
Fepys, and supped at the Lord Chamberlain's. 
Here was Captam Baker, who had been lately on 
the attempt of the north-west passage. He re- 
ported prodigious depth of ice, blue as a sapphire 
and as transparent The thick mists were their 
chief impediment, and cause of their return. 

2nd September. I paid £1700 to the Marquis de 
Sissac, which he had lent to my Lord Berkeley, 
and which I heard the Marquis lost at play in a 
night or two. 

The Dean of Chichester' preached before the 
King, on Acts xxiv. 16; and Dr. Creighton* 
preached the second sermon before him on Fsalm 
xc 12, of wisely numbering our days, and well 
employing our time. 

Bra. Dined at Captain Graham's,^ where I became 
acquainted with Dr. Compton* (brother to the 
Earl of Northampton), now Bishop of London, and 
Mr. North, son to the Lord North,* brother to the 
Lord Chief Justice and Clerk of the Closet, a most 
hopeful young man. The Bishop had once been a 

^ [Sir Geone Savile, afterwards Marquess of Halifax, l63S- 
1695, at this <£ite Baron Savile of Eland and Viscount Halifuc 
(see anU, p. 194).] 

s [Dr. George Stradling, 1621-88; Dean of Chichester, 
1672-88.] 

s [See amie, p. 17.] « [See amie, p. 382.] 

ft [See Mie, p. 299.] ^ [See ante, p. 390.J 



894 THE DIARY OF im 

soldier,^ had also travelled Italy, and became a 
most sober, grave, and excellent prelate. 

6th September. Supped at the Lord Chamber- 
lain's, where also supped the famous beauty and 
errant lady, the Duchess Mazarin (all the ^roiid 
knows her story ),^ the Duke of Monnioath» 
Countess of Sussex (both natural children of the 
King by the Duchess of Cleveland),* and the 
Countess of Derby, a virtuous lady, daughter to 
my best friend, the Earl of Ossory. 

10th. Dined with me Mr. Flamsteed, the 
learned astrologer and mathematician,^ whom his 
Majesty had established in the new Observatory 
in Greenwich Park, furnished with the choicest 
instruments. An honest, sincere man. 

12th. To London, to take order about the 

^ [A comet of horse.] 

^ [Hortense Mancini, Duchesse Masarin, the most beaotifiil 
of Cardinal Mazarin's nieces^ 1646-99* Before the Restoration 
Charles II. had been anxious to marry her. In March, l660, 
she had become the wife of the Marquis Armand de la Meilleraye 
(son of the marshal of that name), a man of moderate nobUitj, 
but extremely rich. Mazarin gave her the greater part of Ids 
fortune, and made the pair Duke and Duchess Mawin. Her 
husband proved a jealous and eccentric bigot, from whom she 
was eventually separated, leading a wandering and irregular life 
in Italy and elsewhere, which brought her in l675 to Loodoo, 
where her former royal admirer gave her a pension of £4000 
(see post, under 4th February, lo85, and 11th June, l699)> 
Lord Sandwich has a beautiful painting of her by Mignaid at 
Hinchingbrooke ; and Fielding says that Sophy Western re* 
sembled her {Tom Jones, bk. iv. ch. iL).1 

' Evelyn slips here. The Duke or Monmouth's mother, it 
is well known, was Lucy Walter of Haverfordwest, sometimes 
called Mrs. Barlow (see tmte, p. 16). Lady Anne Palmer (6. 166I), 
on the other hand (if she be intendedl who married Thomas, 
fifteenth Lord Dacre, subsequently Earl of Sussex, fvof a 
daughter of the Duchess of Cleveland by Charles II. 

« John Flamsteed, 1646-1719> author of Historia CcdaUt 
Briianmca, and other works. A distinguished astronomer ; and 
in the comprehensiveness of his scientific knowledge, seoood 
only to Sir Isaac Newton. 



im JOHN EVELYN 896 

building of a house, or rather an apartment, which 
had all the conveniences of a house, for my dear 
friend, Mr. Godolphin and lady, which I undertook 
to contrive and survey, and employ workmen until 
it should be quite finished ; it being just over- 
against his Majesty's wood-yard by the Thames 
side, leading to Scotland-yard. 

I9th September. To Lambeth, to that rare 
magazine of marble, to take order for chimney- 
pieces, etc., for Mr. Godolphin's house. The 
owner of the works had built for himself a pretty 
dwelling-house; this Dutchman had contracted 
with the Genoese for all their marble. We also 
saw the Duke of Buckingham's glass-work, where 
they made huge vases of metal as clear, ponderous, 
and thick as crystal ; also looking-glasses far larger 
and better than any that come from Venice.^ 

dth October. I went with Mrs. Godolphin and 
my wife to Blackwall, to see some Indian curiosities ; 
the streets being slippery, I fell against a piece of 
timber with such violence that I could not speak 
nor fetch my breath for some space : being carried 
into a house and let blood, I was remov^ to the 
water-side and so home, where, after a day's rest, I 
recovered. This being one of my greatest deliver- 
ances, the Lord Jesus make me ever mindful and 
thankful ! 

81jr^. Being my birthday, and fifty-six ^ears old, 
I spent the morning in devotion and imploring 
God's protection, wiui solemn thanksgiving for aU 
his signal mercies to me, especially for that escape 
which concerned me this month at BlackwalL 

^ [The workmen, the principal of whom was one Rosetti, 
were Venetians, acting under the patronage of the Duke. They 
had come to England drca l670, and established themselves at 
Vauxhall, where there is still a Glasshouse Street. Bucking- 
ham — says Lady Burghclere — ''took out a patent for extracting 
glass and crystals from flint" as early as l663 {George Fillien, 
1908, p. 147>] 



1 



896 DIARY OF JOHN EVELYN \m 

Dined with Mrs. Godolphin, and returned home 
through a prodigious and dangerous mist 

9th November. Finished the lease of Spalding, 
for Mr. Godolphin. 

16th. My son and I dining at my Lord 
Chamberlain's, he showed us amongst others that 
incomparable piece of Raphael's, being a Minister 
of State dictating to Guicciardini, the earnestness 
of whose face looking up in expectation of what 
he was next to write, is so to the life, and so 
natural, as I esteem it one of the choicest pieces of 
that admirable artist There was a Woman's head 
of Leonardo da Vinci ; a Madonna of old Falma, 
and two of Vandyck's, of which one was his 
own picture at length, when youn^, in a leaning 
posture; the other, an eunuch, smging. Rare 
pieces indeed 1 ^ 

4tth December. I saw the great ball danced bv 
all the gallants and ladies at the Duchess of York's. 

10/A. There fell so deep a snow as hindered us 
trom church. 

12th. To London, in so great a snow, as 1 
remember not to have seen the like. 

17th. More snow falling, I was not able to get 
to church. 

^ [Lord Arlington's picture^ of which Evelyn here makes 
mention^ is not by Raphael^ though long attributed to him, and 
even engraved as his. It is now given to Sebastian del Piombo; 
and the persons shown are held to be Ferry Canmdelet, Arch- 
deacon of Bitonto, with his secretaiy. It is at present in tbe 
Duke of Grafton's collection. Vandyck's " eunuch, singing," is 
the portrait of the organist, Hendrik Liberti. These particulan 
have been kindly supplied by Mr. Laurence fiinyon of the 
Department of Prints and Drawings, British Museum. Pasaa- 
vant, it may be added, says that the portrait of the Archdeacon 
was presented to Lord Arlington by the Dutch Government] 



APPENDIX II 

LETTER OF JEREMY TAYLOR TO JOHN EVELYN 

F^. 17, 1657-8. 

Dear Sib, 

If dividing and sharing griefs were like the cut- 
ting of rivers, I dare say to you, you would find your 
stream much abated; for I account myself to have a great 
cause of sorrow not only in the diminution of the numbers of 
your joys and hopes, but in the loss of that pretty person, 
your sbrangely hopeful boy.^ I cannot tell all my own 
sorrows witibout adding to yours ; and the causes of my real 
sadness in your loss are so lust and so reasonable, that I can 
no otherwise comfort you but by telling you, that you have 
very great cause to mourn : So certain it is, that grief does 
propagate as fire does. You have enkindled my funeral 
torch, and by joining mine to yours, I do but increase the 
flame. Hoc me maU uritj is the best signification of my 
apprehensions of your sad story. But, Sir, I cannot choose 
but I must hold another and a brighter flame to you — it is 
already^ burning in your breast ; and if I can but remove the 
dark side of the lantern, you have enough within you to 
warm yourself, and to shine to others. Remember, Sir, your 
two bojTs ' are two bright stars, and their innocence is secured, 
and you shall never hear evil of them again. Their state is 
safe, and heaven is given to them upon very easy terms ; 
nothing but to be bom and die. It will cost you more 
trouble to set where they are ; and amongst other things one 
of the harmiesses will be, that you must overcome even this 

t'ust and reasonable grief; and indeed, though the grief hath 
)ut too reasonable a cause, yet it is much more reasonable 
that you master it. For besides that they are no losers, but 
are tne person that complains, do but consider what you 

» [See ante, pp. 127-130.] • [See ante, p. 130.] 

897 



898 APPENDIX II 

would have suffered for their mterest: you [would] hi^ 
suffered them to go from you, to be great Princes in a strange 
country ; and if you can be content to suffer your own incoD- 
venience for their interest, you commend your worthiest love, 
and the question of moummg is at an end. But you hive 
said and done well, when you look upon it as a rod of God; 
and he that so smites here, will spare hereafter ; and if yoa 
by patience and submission imprint the discipline upoD 
your own flesh, you kill the cause, and make the effect very 
tolerable ; because it is in some sense chosen, and not there- 
fore in no [any] sense unsufferable. Sir, if you do look to H, 
time will snatch your honour from you, and reproach you for 
not effecting that by Christian philosophy which time wiU do 
alone. Ana if you consider tnat of the bravest men in the 
world we find the seldomest stories of their children, and the 
Apostles had none, and thousands of the worthiest penoos 
that sotmd most in story died childless ; you will find that it 
is a rare act of Providence so to impose upon worthy men t 
necessity of perpetuating their names by worthy actions and 
discourses, governments, and reasonines. 

If the breach be never repaired, it is because Grod does not 
see it fit to be ; and if you will be of this mind it will be 
much the better. But, Sir, if you will pardon my zeal and 
passion for your comfort, I will readily confess that you hive 
no need of any discourse from me to comfort you. Sir, nov 
you have an opportunity of serving Grod by passive graces; 
strive to be an example and a comrort to your lady, and by 
your wise counsel and comfort stand in the breaches of your 
own family, and make it appear that you are more to her than 
ten sons. Sir, by the assistance of Almighty Grod I purpose 
to wait on you some time next week,^ that I may be a witne« 
of your Christian courage and bravery ; and that I may see, 
that God never displeases you, as lonff as the main stake is 

F reserved, I mean your hopes and confiaences of heaven. Sir, 
shall pray for all that ^ou can want, that is, some d^rees of 
comfort and a present mind : and shall alwajrs do you honour, 
and fain also would do you service, if it were in tne power, a» 
it is in the affections and desires of. 

Dear Sir, 
Your most affectionate and obliged friend and servant, 

Jeb. Taylor. 

> [See ante, p. 130.] 



APPENDIX III 

LETTER OF JOHN EVELYN TO THE 
HON. ROBERT BOYLE 

Sayxb-Couat, Sep. 3, 1659. 

Noble Sir, 

Together with these testimonies of my cheerful 
obedience to your commands, and a faithful promise of 
transmitting the rest, if yet there remain anythmg worthy 
your acceptance amon^ my unpolished and scattered collec- 
tions, I do here make Bold to trouble you with a more minute 
discovery of the design, which I casually mentioned to you, 
concerning my great inclination to redeem the remainder of 
my time, considering, ^uam parum mihi supersit ad metas; 
so as may best improve it to the glory of Grod Almighty, and 
the benefit of others. And, since it has proved impossible 
for me to attain to it hitherto (though in this my private 
and mean station) by reason of that fond morigeration ^ to 
the mistaken customs of the age, which not only rob men of 
their time, but extremely of their virtue and best advantages ; 
I have established with myself, that it is not to be hoped for, 
without some resolutions of Quitting these incumbrances, and 
instituting such a manner or life, for the future, as may best 
conduce to a design so much breathed after, and, I think, so 
advantageous. In order to this, I propound, that since we 
are not to hope for a mathematical college, much less, a 
Solomon'*s house, hardly a friend in this sad Catalysis^ and 
mUr has armofum strepttuSj a period so uncharitable and 
perverse ; why might not some gentlemen, whose geniuses are 
greatly suitable, and who desire nothing more i£an to give 
a good example, preserve science, and cultivate themselves, 
join together in society, and resolve upon some orders and 
economy, to be mutuaUy observed, such as shall best become 

1 [Obedienoe, dutifuliiess (Bailey).] 

899 



400 APPENDIX III 

the end of their union, if, I cannot say, without a kind <^ 
singularity) because the thing is new : yet such, at least, as 
shidl be free from pedantry, and all affectation ? The possi- 
bility. Sir, of this is so obvious, that I profess, were I not an 
aggregate person, and so obliged, as well by my own nature 
as the laws of decency, and their merits, to provide for mj 
dependents, I would cheerfully devote my small fortune 
towards a design, by which I might hope to assemble some 
small number together who would resign themselves to live 
profitably and sweetly together. But since I am unwortiiT 
so great a happiness, and that it is not now in my power, I 
propose that if any one worthy person, and quis mmare bdo^ 
so qualified as Mr. Boyle, will join in tiie design (for not with 
every one, rich and learned ; there are very few dispooed, and 
it is the greatest difficulty to find the man) we would not 
doubt, in a short time, by 6od''s assistance, to be possessed of 
the most blessed life that virtuous persons could wi^ or 
aspire to in this miserable and uncertam pilgrimage, wfaether 
considered as to the present revolutions, or what may haroen 
for the future in all human probabili^. Now, Sir, in wnat 
instances, and how far this is practicable, permit me to give 
you an accoimt of, by the calculations which I have deduced 
for our little foundation. 

I propose the purchasing of thirty or forty acres of land, 
in some healthy place, not above twenty-five miles from 
London ; of which a good part should be tisdl wood, and die 
rest upland pastures or downs, sweetly irrigated. If there 
were not already an house which mignt be converted, etc, 
we would erect upon the most convenient site of this, near 
the wood, our buuding, viz. one handsome pavilion, contain- 
ing a refectory, library, withdrawing- room, and a closet; 
this the first story; lor we suppose the kitchen, larders, 
cellars, and offices to be contrived in the half story under 
ground. In the second should be a fair lodging chiunber, a 
pallet-room, eallery, and a closet ; all which should be wdl 
and very nobly furnished, for any worthy person that mi^it 
desire to stay any time, and for tne reputation of the college. 
The half story above for servants, wardrobes, and like cxxi- 
veniences. To the entry fore front of this a court, and at 
the other back front a plot walled in of a competent square, 
for the common seraglio, diqiosed into a garden ; or it mi^fat 
be only carpet, kept curiously, and to serve for bowls, wuk- 
ing, or otner recreations, etc., if the company please. 
Opposite to the house, towards the wood, should he erected 



APPENDIX III 401 

a pretty chapel; and at equal distances (even with the 
flanking walls of the square) six apartments or cells, for the 
members of the Society, and not contiguous to the pavilion, 
each whereof should contain a small bedchamber, an outward 
room, a doset, and a private garden, somewhat after the 
manner of the Carthusians.^ "niere should likewise be one 
laboratory^ with a repository for rarities and things of nature ; 
aviary, dovehouse, physic garden, kitchen garden, and a 
plantation of orchara fruit, etc., all tmiform buildings, but of 
single stories, or a little elevated. At convenient distance 
towards the olitory sarden should be a stable for two or 
three horses, and a lo^ng for a servant or two. Lastly, a 
garden house, and conservatory for tender plants. 

The estimate amotmts thus. The pavilion J&400, chapel 
JSlBOj apartments, walls, and out-housing J^600; the pur- 
chase or the fee for thirty acres, at <jP15 per acre, eighteen 
years' purchase, .^400; the total JS15S0, £1600 will be the 
utmost. Three of the cells or apartments, that is, one 
moiety, with the appurtenances, shall be at the disposal of 
one oi the fotmders, and the other half at the other's. 

If I and my wife take up two apartments f for we are to 
be decently asunder ; however I stipulate, and her inclination 
will greatly suit with it, that shall be no impediment to the 
Society, but a considerable advantage to the economic part), 
a third shall be for some worthy person ; and to fisuniitate 
the rest, I offer to furnish the whole pavilion completely, to 
the value of £S00 in goods and movables, if need be, for 
seven years, till there be a public stock, etc. 

There shall be maintained at the public charge, only a 
chaplain, well qualified, an ancient woman to dress the meat, 
wasn, and do all such offices, a man to buy provisions, keep 
the garden, horses, etc., a boy to assist him, and serve within. 

At one meal a day, of two dishes only (unless some little 
extraordinary upon particular dajrs or occasions, then never 
exceeding tnree) of^ plain and wholesome meat ; a small 
refection at night : wine, beer, sugar, n)ice, bread, fish, fowl, 
candle, soap, oats, hay, fuel, etc., at £i per week, jfSOO per 

^ [Walpole describes the arrangements at the Convent of the 
Chaitreux in Paris upon which Evmjm's plan was no doubt modelled. 
The eellf were ^'boilt like little hats detached from each other." 
The one they (he and Gray) visited had '^ four little rooms, furnished 
in the prettiest manner, and hung with good prints." One of them 
was a liorary, another a gaUery. Attached to this "cell" was a tiny 
garden with " a bed of goiid tulips in bloom, flowers and fhiit trees, 
and all neatly kept" (Walpole to West, fh>m Fkris, 1739).] 

VOL. II 2d 



402 APPENDIX III 

annum ; wages «f 15 ; keeping the gardens £90 ; the di^km 
£90 per annum. Laid up in the treasury yearly ,fl45, to 
be employed for books, instruments, drugs, trials, etc. Hk 
total £¥M a year, comprehending the keeping of two bones 
for the chariot or the saddle, and two kme : so that jPSOO 
per annum will be the utmost that the founders shaU be at, 
to maintain the whole Society, consisting of nine persons (tbe 
servants included) though there should no others join ospUck 
to fidleviate the expense ; but if any of those who desire to be 
of the Society be so qualified as to support their own par- 
ticulars, and allow for their own proportion, it will yet mud) 
diminish the charge ; and of such there cannot want some at 
all times, as the apartments are empty. 

If either of the founders think it expedient to alter hb 
condition, or that anything do humanitus cotUingerCj he maj 
resign to another, or sell to his colleague, and dispose of it 
as he pleases, yet so as it still continue the institution* 

Orders 

At six in summer prayers in the chapeL To study tiB 
half an hour after eleven. Dinner in the refectory tiU one. 
Retire till four. Then called to conversation (if the weather 
invite) abroad, eke in the refectory ; this never omitted bat 
in case of sickness. Prayers at seven. To bed at nine. Is 
the winter the same, with some abatements for the hours 
because the nights are tedious, and the evening^s conversatioii 
more agreeable ; this in the refectory. All play interdicted 
sons bowls, chess, etc. Every one to cultivate his own 
garden. One month in spring a course in the elaboratorr 
on vegetables, etc. In the winter a month on other eroen- 
ments. Every man to have a key of the elaboratory, pavuioD, 
library, repositoiy, etc. Weekly fast. Communion once 
every fortnight, or month at least. No stranger easily ad- 
mitted to visit any of the Society, but upon certain days 
weekly, and that only after dinner. Any of^the Society may 
have nis commons to his ap£ui;ment, if he will not meet in 
the refectory, so it be not above twice a week. Every Thurs- 
day shall be a music meeting at conversation hours. Everr 
person of the Society shall render some public account of hi» 
studies weekly if thought fit, and especially shall be recom- 
mended the promotion of experimental knowledge, as tbe 
Principal end of the institution. There shall be a decent 
abit and uniform used in the collie. One month in tbe 



APPENDIX III 408 

year may be spent in London, or any of the Universities, or 
m a perambulation for the public benefit, etc., with what 
other orders shall be thought convenient, etc. 

Thus, Sir, I have in haste (but to your loss not in a 
laconic style) presumed to communicate to you (and truly, 
in my life, never to any but yourself) that project which for 
some time has traversed my thoughts : and therefore far fix)m 
being the effect either of an impertinent or trifling spirit, but 
the result of mature and frequent reasonings. And, Sir, is 
not this the same that many noble personages did at the 
confusion of the empire by the barbarous Grotios, when Saint 
Jerome, Eustochium, and others, retired from the imperti- 
nences of the world to the sweet recesses and societies in 
the East, till it came to be burdened with the vows and 
superstitions, which can give no scandal to our design, that 
provides against all such snares ? 

Now to assure you. Sir, how pure and unmixed the desim 
is from any other than the public interest propotmded by 
me, and to redeem the time to the noblest purposes, I am 
thajikfiil to acknowledge that, as to the common forms of 
living in the world I have little reason to be displeased at 
my present condition, in which, I bless Grod, I want nothing 
conoucing either to health or honest diversion, extremely 
beyond my merit ; and therefore would I be somewhat choice 
and scrupulous in my colleague, because he is to be the most 
dear person to me in the world. But oh! how I should 
think it designed from heaven, et tanquam numen Scoircris, 
did such a person as Mr. Boyle, who is alone a society of all 
that were desirable to a consummate felicity, esteem it a 
desisn worthy his embracing ! Upon such an occasion how 
would I prostitute all my other concernments! how would 
I exult ! and, as I am, continue upon infinite accumulations 
and regards. 

Sir, 
His most humble, and most obedient servant, 

J. Evelyn. 

If my health permits me the honour to pay my respects to 
you before you leave the Town, I will bring you a rude plot 
of the builcung, which will better fix the idea, and show what 
sjrmmetry it holds with this description.^ 

^ [Cowley, it may be added, to whom Appendix VI. relates, in 
his '^Proposition for the Advancement of Experimental Philosophy" 
{WwrkM, 1721, ii. 564), sketches a plan of a PkUoiopkical CoUege with 
a revenue of ''four Uionsand Pounds a Year."] 

VOL. II 2 D 2 



APPENDIX IV 

EVELYN AND CX)LONEL MORLEY 

In the Edition of Sir Richard Baker^s Chnmidej published 
with additions by Edward Philips (Milton'^s nepl^w), there b 
an account of the transactions between Evelyn and Colonel 
Morley, with particular reference to the influence strenuoush 
used to induce Morley, after CromwelPs death, to declare 
for the King. In a subsequent edition, in 17S0, this accoont 
is considerably altered. But among Evelyn^s papers at 
Wotton has l)een found the original account drawn up bj 
Sir Thomas Clarges, and sent to Mr. Philips. It is in Sir 
Thomases own handwriting, had been evidently sent to Evelp 
for his perusal, and is thus indorsed by him : 

**Sir Thomas Clarges^s (brother-in-law to the Duke of 
Albemarle) insertion of what concerned Mr. Evelyn and 
Colonel Morley in continuation of the History written b; 
Mr. Philips, and added to Sir Rich. Baker^s Chronicle. Note 
that my letter to Colonel Morley was not rightly copied; 
there was likewise too much said concerning me, which b 
better, and as it ought to be in the second impresdoOf 
1664.^ 

Mr. Philips^s account is as follows : — 

^*In the seven hundred and nineteenth page of this 
History we omitted to insert a very material ne^tiation for 
the Ein^^s service, attempted upon the interruption given to 
the ParUament by Colonel Lambert and those that joined 
with him therein, which was managed by Mr. Evelyn, of 
Sayes Court, by Deptford, in Kent, an active, vigilant, and 
very industrious agent on all occasions for his Majesty^ 
Restoration ; who, supposing the members of this sup- 
positious Parliament could not but ill resent that affitwt, 
thought to make advantage of fixing the impression of it to 
the ruin of the Army, for the effecting whereof be applied 

404 



APPENDIX IV 405 

himself to Colonel Herbert Morley, then newly constituted 
one of the five Commissioners for tne command of the Army, 
as a person by his birth, education, and interest, unlikely to 
be cordially inclined to prostitute himself to the ruin of his 
countiT and the infamy of his posterity. 

** Aur. Evelyn gave him some visits to tempt his affection 
by degrees to a confidence in him, and then by consequence 
to engage him in his designs ; and to induce him the more 
powerfully thereunto, he put into his hands an excellent 
and unanswerable hardy treatise by him written, called An 
Apology for the Royal Party ^ which he backed with so good 
arguments and a very dext^us address in the prosecution of 
them, that the Colonel was wholly convinced, and recom- 
mended to him the procurement of the Eing^s pardon for 
him, his brother-in-law, Mr. Fagg, and one or two more 
of his relations. This Mr. Evelyn faithfully promised to 
endeavour, and taking the opportunity of Sir Sainuel Tuke^s 
going at that time into France, he by him acquainted the 
King (beinff then at Pontoise) with the relation of this afbir, 
wherewith ne was so well pleased as to declare if Colonel 
Morley, and those for whom he interceded, were not of 
those execrable judges of his blessed Royal father, they 
should have his pardon, and he receive such other reward as 
his services should deserve. Upon the sending this advice to 
the Kinff, the Colonel left Liondon, because of the jealousy 
which Fleetwood and Lambert had of him ; but, before he 
went, he desired Mr. Evelyn to correspond with him in 
Sussex, by means of Mr. Fagg, his brother-in-law, who then 
lay in the Mews. 

^* Mr. Evelyn had good reason to believe Colonel Morley 
very capable of serving the King at this time ; for he had 
a much better interest in Sussex than any of his party; 
whereby he might have facilitated his Majesty'^s reception in 
that county, in case his affairs had required his landing there ; 
but, besides his power in Sussex, he had (as he said) an 
influence on two of the best regiments of the Army, and 
good credit with many of the Officers of the Fleet. 

^ But before the return from France of the Kins^s resolu- 
tion in this matter, there intervened many little dianges in 
the posture of afiairs. 

** Upon the advance of General Monck in favour of the 
Parliament, and the general inclination of the Army to him, 
Colonel Morley expected the restitution of that power, and 
with it of his own authority, and was leagued with Walton 



406 APPENDIX IV 

and Hazlerig in a private treaty with Colonel Whetham, tbe 
Grovemor of Portsmouth, for the delivery of that garriMm 
to them ; and Fagg went privately from London to raise 
a r^ment in Sussex to promote these designs ; but was 
suppressed before he got any considerable number of men 
together. 

*^Mr. Evelyn, not knowing of these intriguea, in ▼ain 
endeavoured by all imaginable wajrs to communicate the 
Sling^s pleasure to Morley, who was by this time in the 
garrison of Portsmouth. 

^ But when the Parliament resumed their power, and be 
"Morleyl was placed in the government of the Tower, he 
^velyn' thou^nt it expedient to renew the former negotiatioo 
letwixt them for his Majesty'*s service, and in order thereunto, 
he often by visits made application to him, but could nefer 
but once procure access ; and then he dismissed him witii t 
fiunt answer, ^ That he would shortly wait upon him at his 
lodging.^ 

^ T&s put Evelyn into so much passion that he resobed 
to surmount the difficulty of access by writing fr^y to him 
which he did in this manner : — 

"*To Colonel Morley, Lieutenant of the Towei.^ 

***SlB, 

** * For many obligations, but especially for the 
last testimonies of your confidence in my friendship, beeon 

so long since, and conserved so inviokUj 
witthiSi^fS^Si?^ through so many changes, and in so univeiai 
or the Tbwer of a decadcuce of honour, and all that is sacrw 

London, and to de- , » 'ai j-i_ • r J 

eiueforthe King, a amougst men, I comc With this profoow 
liSTcr^'^d^iSSh acknowledgment of the favours you ha« 
i!i*^?5!!'j!-^ done me; and had a great desire to hate 

nceiTM uie nononr j.i» i ^..t i. 

^itipeat man de- made this a personal recogmtion and to ood- 
■oon attw?.**^****°*^ gratulate your return, and the dignities wtiA 

your merits have acquired, and for whidi none 
does more sincerely rejoice; could I promise m3rself tk 
happiness of finding you in your station at any season 
wherein the Public, and more weighty concemmoits ^ 
afford you the leisure of receiving a visit from a person » 
inconsiderable as myself. 

*^ * But, since I may not hope for that good fortune, aoi 
such an opportunity of conveying my respects and the gmt 

^ The letter following ib taken from Eveljm's own copy. 



APPENDIX IV 407 

affections which I owe you, I did presume to transmit this 
express ; and by it, to present you with the worthiest in- 
dications of my zeal to continue in the possession of your 
good graces, by assuring you of my great desires to serve 
you in whatsoever may best conduce to your honour, and 
to a stability of it, beyond all that any future contingencies 
of things can promise : because I am confident that you have 
a nobler prospect upon the success of your designs than to 
prostitute your virtues and your conduct to serve the 

Essions, or avarice of any particular persons whatsoever; 
ing (as you are) free and incontaminate, well-bom, and 
abhorring to dishonour or enrich yourself with the spoils 
which by others have been ravished from our miserable, yet 
dearest country; and which renders them so zealous to 
pursue the ruin of it, by labouring to involve men of the 
oest natures and reputation into their own inextricable 
labyrinths, and to gratify that which will pay them with so 
much infamy in the event of things, and with so inevitable a 
perdition of their precious souls, when all these uncertainties 
(how specious soever at present) shall vanish and come to 
nothing. 

*< « There is now. Sir, an opportunity put into your hands, by 
improving whereof you may securely act for the good of your 
country, and the ledemption of it from the insupportoble 
tyranmes, injustice, and impieties under which it has now 
groaned for so many years, through the treachery of many 
wicked, and the mistakes of some few eood men« For by 
this. Sir, you shall best do honour to God, and merit of your 
country; by this you shall secure yourself, and make your 
name great to succeeding aees: by this you shall crown 
yourself with real and lasting dignities. In sum, by this, you 
shall oblige even those whom you may mistake to be your 
greatest enemies, to embrace and cherish you as a person 
becoming the honour of a brave and worthy patriot, and to 
be rewarded with the noblest expressions of it : when by the 
best interpretations of your cheunty and obedience to the 
dictates of a Christian, you shall thus heap coals of fire 
upon their head ; and which will at once give Doth light and 
warmth to this afflicted Nation, Church, and People, not to be 
extinguished by any more of tiiose impostors wnom God has 
so signally blown off the stage, to place such in their stead, as 
have opportunities given them of restoring us to our ancient 
known laws, native and most happy liberties. — It is this. Sir, 
which I am obliged to wish to encourage you in, and to 



408 APPENDIX IV 

pronounce as the worthiest testimony of my congratulations 
for your return ; and which, you may assure yourself, has the 
suffrages of the solidest and best ingredient of tUs whole 
nation. 

^^ ' And having said thus much, I am sure you will not look 
upon this letter as a servile address ; but, ii you stiU retain 
that fisivour and goodness for the person who presents it, tluit 
I have reason to promise myself, from the int^ty which I 
have hitherto observed in all your professions ; I conjure joa 
to believe, that you have made a perfect acquisition of mj 
service ; and, that (however events succeed) I am still the 
same person, greedy of an opportunity to recommend the 
sincenty of my afl^ction, by doin^ you whatsoever senice 
lies in my power ; and I hope you mall not find me witlKxit 
some capacities of expressing it in effects, as well as in tiie 
words of 

" * Honourable Sir, etc. 

•• • COVEMT GaHDEK, 

***19ihJan. 1659-60/" 

In a note he adds : ^^ Morley was at this time lieo- 
tenant of the Tower of London, was absolute master of the 
City, there being very few of the rebel army anywhere neir 
it, save at Somerset-House a trifling garrison which was 
marching out to reinforce Lambert, who was mairhh^ 
upon the news of Monck^s coining out of Scotland. He wa^ 
Lieutenant of all the confederate counties of Sussex, Suireji 
Hampshire, etc. ; his brother-in-law Grovemor of Portsmoath 
and Hampshire ; his own brother William Morley, Governor 
of Arundel Castle ; in sum, he had all the advantages he cooU 
have desired to have raised the well-affected of the City and 
Country universally breathing after a deliverer (uncertab 
as to wnat Monck intended), and so had absolutely prev^ted 
any [other] person or power whatever (in all appearance) 
from having the honour of bringing in the King, befoi^ those 
who were in motion could have snatched it out of his hand. 
Of all this I made him so sensible, when I was with him at 
the Tower, that nothing but his fatal diffidence of Monck't 
havinff no design to bring in his Majesty because he had 
[not] discovered it whilst matters were yet in the dark (but 
the design certainly resolved on) kept him wavering and so 
irresolute (though he saw the game sufficiently in his hamis) 
as to sit still and put it off, tiU Lambert and his forces being 
scattered and taken, Monck marched into the City triumphant 
with his wearied army, possessed the gates, and with no great 



APPENDIX IV 409 

cunning and little difficulty, finding how the people and 
magistrates were disposed (whatever his general intentions 
were, or at first seemed to be), — boldly and fortunately 
brought to pass that noble Revolution, allowing it to his 
eternal honour by restoring a banished Prince and the 
people^s fireedom. This poor Morley saw, and implored my 
interest by what means he might secure himself and obtain 
his pardon. This is, in short, a true account of that remark- 
able affidr.^ 

Philips proceeds thus from Sir Thomas Clarges^s paper : 
^^ We shall not here determine what it was that induced 
Colonel Morlev (at the time of his bei^ Lieutenant of the 
Tower) to decline commerce with Mr. Evelyn for the Eing^s 
service ; whether it was that he doubted of the concurrence 
of his officers and soldiers, who had been long trained up in 
an aversion to monarchy, or whether by the entire subiection 
of the Army to Monck, and their unity thereupon, he thought 
that work now too difficult, which was more feasible in the 
time of their division. But it is most certain that he took 
such impressions from Mr. Evelyn^s discourses and this letter, 
that ever after he appeared very moderate in his counsels, 
and was one of the forwardest to embrace all opportunities 
for the good of his country ; as was evident by nis vigorous 
and hazardous opposition in Parliament to that impious 
oath of abjuration to the Eing^s family and line (hereedFter 
mentioned), before it was safe for General Monck to discover 
how he was inclined ; and by his willing conjunction and 
confederacy after with the General for the admission of the 
secluded members, in proclamation for a free Parliament for 
the Eing^s restoration.^ ^ 

1 in 1816 Baron MaakreB republished some Tracts relating to the 
Civil War in England in the time of King Charles L, among which is 
** The Mystery and Method of his Majesty's happy Restoration^ bv the 
Rev. Dr. John Price, one of the late Duke of Albemarle's chaplains, 
who was privy to all the secret passages and particularities of that 
Glorious Revolution." Printed in 1680. In this tract it is stoted that 
Monck's officers, being dissatisfied with the conduct of the Rump Pto- 
liament, p re ss e d him to come to some decision, whereupon, on 11 Feb., 
1660, they sent the letter to the Parliament desiring them first to fill 
up the vacancies, and then to determine their own sitting and call a new 
Parliament Dr. Price then says : ^' The General jrielded at length to 
their fears and counsels, and the rather for that he was assured of the 
Tower of London, the Lieutenant of it (CoL Morley) having before 
offsred it to him. This the noble Colonel nad done in Uie City, pitying 
the consternation of the citizens, when he saw what work was doing 
[Monck's pulling down the City-gates a few days before by order of the 



410 APPENDIX IV 

Ramp Parliament], and what influence it would have on the ooontry." 
He adds, ''that though the Rump did not dare to take away the 
General's commission as one of their Commissioners for govemini^ the 
Army, thev struck out his name from the quorum of them, which 
virtually did take away his authority, and he and Morley were' left ta 
stem the tide against Hazlerigg, AluKd, and Walton." 

Theee are the only mentions which he makes of Morley, hy whidi it 
seems that the first communication between him and Monck was wh«i 
the latter had broken down the City-gates on the 9th February. 

Had there been any previous conceit between Monck and Morley, tbe 
latter would not have required Evel3m's assistance to obtain his pardoiL 
This he not only did want, but obtained through Evelyn. See «a<f, 
p. 145. 



APPENDIX V 

THE ENCOUNTER BETWEEN THE FRENCH AND 

SPANISH AMBASSADORS 

^^ There had been many troubles and disputes between the 
Ambassadors of France and Spain for precedence in the 
Courts of foreien Princes, and amongst these there was none 
more remarkable than that on Tower-hill, on the landing of 
an Ambassador for Sweden, SOth September, 1660, which 
was so premeditated a business on both sides, that the King, 
foreseeing it would come to a quarrel, andbeing wUUngto 
carry himself with indifference towards both, whidi could not 
be otherwise done than by leaving them at liberty to take what 
methods they thought proper for supporting their respective 
pretences ; but to snow at the same time his concern lor the 
public tranquillity, orders were given for a strict guard to 
be kept upon the place, and all nis Majesty^s subjects were 
enjoined not to intermeddle, or take part with either side. 
The King was further pleased to command that Mr. Evelyn 
should, after diligent inquiry made, draw up and present to 
him a distinct narrative of the whole affair. ^ 

This was done accordingly, and printed : but not being 
now to be met with, except m the Biographia BrUamnica (EcL 
1760, vol. iii. ; Ed. 1798, vol. v.), it may be worth while to 
print it from Evelyn's own copy. 

A Fatthful Ain) Impartial Narrative of what passed at 
THE Landing of the Swedish Ambassador 

Upon Monday last, being the SOth of September, 1661, 
about ten in the morning, uie Spanish Ambassador's coach, 
in which were his chapbun witn some of his gentlemen, 
attended by about forty more of his own servants in liveries, 

1 Continuation of Heath's Chronicle. 

411 



412 APPENDIX V 

was sent down to the Tower wharf, and there placed itself 
near about the pomt where the ranks of ordnance determine, 
towards the gate leading into the bulwark. Next attar him 
came the Dutch, and (twelve o^clock past) the Swedish ooacfa 
of honour, disposing of themselves according to their places. 
About two hours after this (in company with his Majesty^ 
coach royal) appeared that of the French Ambassador, 
wherein were Le Marquis d^Estrades, son to the Frmdi 
Ambassador,^ with several more of his gentlemen, and as 
near as might be computed, near 150 in train, whereof above 
forty were horsemen well appointed with pistols, and some 
of them %vith carabines, musquetoons, or fiizees ; in tiib 
posture and equipaee stood they expecting upon the wharf, 
and, as near as might be, approaching to his Majesty^s ooach, 
which was opposite to the stairs. About three in the after- 
noon, the Swedish Ambassador being landed and received 
into his Majesty^s coach, which moved leisurely before the 
rest, and was followed by that of the Swede% the French 
Ambassador's coach endeavoured to go the next, driving as 
close as possibly they could, and advancing their party witb 
their swords dmwn, to force the Spaniards from the guiBund of 
their own coach, which was also putting in for precedence 
next the Eing'^s. His Majesty's coadi now passed the 
Spaniards, who held as yet their rapiers undrawn in tfaeir 
hands, stepping nimbly on either side of the hindmost wfaeds 
of their Mmister's coach, drew their weapons and shouted, 
which caused the French coach-horses to make a pause; 
but, when they observed the advantage which by this the 
Spanish Ambassador's coach had gained, being now in file 
after the Swede's, they came up very near to tne Spaniards, 
and at once pouring in their shot upon them, togemer widi 
their foot, then got before their coach, fell to it with thor 
swords, both which the Spaniards received without removing 
one jot from their stations. 

During this dSmSU (in which the French received some 
repulse, and were put to a second stand) a bold and dexterous 
fellow, and, as most affirm, with a particular instrument » 
well as address, stooping under the bellies of the Fr^ich 

^ ['' As it was not a thing I could do, to go myself^" wrote the 
French Ambassador to Louis XlVth's Foreign Secretary^ Lionne, "I 
had sent my son ; and of the fifty men who were there with him fiw 
were killed and thirbr-three wounded '^ (Jusserand's A Ptenek Amkm* 
Mdor at the Court qf Charles the Second, 1892, p. 28). The Maf^idi 
d'Estrades was among those wounded.] 



APPENDIX V 418 

Ambassador's coach-horses, cut the ham-strings of two of 
them and wounded a third, which immediately falling, the 
coach for the present was disabled from advancing farther, 
the coachman forced out of his box, and the postillion 
mortally wounded, who, falling into the arms of an English 
gentleman that stepped in to his succour, was by a Spaniard 
pierced through his thigh. This disorder (wherein several 
were wounded and some slain) caused those in the French 
coach to alight, and so ennu^ their party, that it occa- 
sioned a second brisk assault both of horse and foot, which 
being received with extraordinary gallantry, many of their 
horses retreated, and wheeled off towards St. Katharine's. 

It was in this skirmish that some brickbats were thrown 
from the edge of the wharf, which by a mistake are said to 
have been provided by the Spanish Ambassador's order the 
day before. 

In this interim, then (which was near half an hourX the 
Spanish coach went forward after his Majesty's with about 
twenty of his retinue following, who still kept their counte- 
nance towards the French as long as they abode on the wharf, 
and that narrow part of the bulwark (where the contest was 
very fierce) without disorder ; so as the first which appeared 
on Tower-hill, where now they were entering, was his 
Majesty's coach followed by the Swede's Ambassador's, and 
next by that of Spain, with about twenty-four or thirty of 
his liveries stiU diluting it with a less number of French, 
who came after them in the rear. 

And here, besides what were slain with bullets on the 
wharf and near the bulwark, whereof one was a vaJei de 
chambre of the Spanish Ambassador's, and six more, amongst 
which were a poor English plasterer, and near forty wounded, 
fell one of the French, who was killed just before his High- 
ness's Lif^ruard. No one person of the numerous spectators 
intermeddling, or so mucn as making the least noise or 
tumult, people or soldiers, whereof there were three com- 
panies of^foot, which stood on the hill opposite to the Guards 
of Horse, 'twixt whom the antagonists lightly skirmished, 
some fresh parties of French coming out of several places and 
protected by the English, amongst whom they found shelter 
till the Spanish Ambassador's coach having gained and 
passed the chain which leads in Crutched Friars, they desisted 
and gave them over. 

P^ar half an hour after this, came the French coach (left 
all this while in disorder on the wharf), with two horses and 



414 APPENDIX V 

a coachman, who had a carabme by his side, and, as fbe 
officers think, only a footman in the coach, and a loose hone 
running by. Next to him, went the Holland Ambassador's 
coach, then the Swede^s second coach. These being all 
advanced upon the hill, the Duke of Albemarle's coach, with 
the rest of the English, were stopped by interposition c^ hit 
Royal Highnesses Lifeguard, wnich had express order to 
march immediately after the last Ambassador's coach ; and 
so they went on, without any farther interruption. 

This is the most accurate relation of what passed, as to 
matter of fact, from honourable, most ingenuous, and dis- 
interested eye-witnesses ; as by his Majesty's command it was 
taken, and is here set down. 

But there is yet something behind which was neoessazr to 
be inserted into this Narrative, in reference to the preamble; 
and, as it tends to the utter dissolving of those oblique 
suspicions, which have any aspect on his Majesty's subjects, 
whether spectators, or others ; and therefore it is to be taken 
notice, tnat, at tiie arrival of the Venetian Ambassadcv, 
some months since, the Ambassadors of France and Spain, 
intending to send both their coaches to introduce him, tiie 
Ambassador of Spain having before agreed with the Count 
de Soissons that they should assist at no public ceremonies, 
but upon all such casual encounters, pass on their way 
as they fortuned to meet; it had been wished that this 
expedient might still have taken place. But Monaeor 
d^Estrades having, it seems, received positive conunands firom 
his master,^ that notwithstanding any such accord, he should 
nothing abate of his pretence, or uxe usual respect showed upon 
all such occasions, he insisted on putting this injunction of 
the king his master in execution, at arrival of the Swedish 
Ambassador. His Maiesty, notwithstandii^ all the jost 
pretences which he might have taken, reflecting on the 
disorders that might possibly arise in this city, in which for 
several nights he had been forced to place extraordinaiy 
guards; and, because he would not seem to take tmon 
him the decision of this punctilio, in prejudice of either 
Ambassador, as his charitaole interposition might be inter- 
preted ; his Majesty declaring himself withal no umpire in 

1 ['^ I deem^ therefore^ that when once vour ooach has taken the plaee 
due to it immediately after the Swedish Ambassador's, vour men moit 
not leave it before it has reached the house of the said Ambaandor, kt 
fear that at the crossing of some street these Scotch and Irish rush in wi^ 
might and main and stop you and let Watteville go " (Instruetions of 
Louis to d'Estrades quoted m An Ambtuiodor, etc., ui mpra, pu 25).] 



APPENDIX V 415 

this unpleasing and invidious controversy, permitted that, 
both their ooeuihes ffoing, they might put their servants and 
dependents into such a posture as they should think fittest, 
ana most becoming theur respective pretences: but in the 
meantime commanded (upon pain of his highest displeasiue), 
that none of his Majesty^s subjects, of what d^ree soever, 
should presume to interpose in their differences. But in 
truth, tne care of his officers, and especially that of Sir 
Charles Berkeley, captain of his Royal Highnesses Lifeguard 
(which attended this serviceX was so eminent and particular, 
that they permitted not a man of the roectators so much as 
with a switch in his hand, whom tney did not chastise 
severely. 

As to that which some have refined upon, concerning the 
shower of bricks which fell in this contest (whether industri- 
ously placed there or no, for some others of the Spanish Pftrty 
assi^ed to that post), ^s affirmed by the concurrent sunrage 
of all the spectators, iliat none of them were cast by any of 
his Majesty^s subjects, till, being incensed by the wounds 
which they received from the shot which came in amongst 
them (and whereof some of them, ^tis said, are since dead), 
and not divining to what farther excess this new and unex- 
pected compliment might rise, a few of the rabble, and such 
as stood on that side of the wharf, were forced to defend 
themselves with what they found at hand ; and to which, ^is 
reported, some of them were animated by a fresh remem- 
brance of the treatment they received at Chelsea, and not 
long since in Covent-Garden, which might very well qualify 
this article fit>m having anything of design tlmt may reflect 
on their superiors ; nor were it reasonable that they should 
stand charged for the rudeness of such sort of people, as in all 
countries upon like occasions and in such a confusion is inevit- 
able. Those who observed the armed multitudes of French 
which rushed in near the chain on Tower-hill, issuing out of 
several houses there, and coming in such a tumultuous and 
indecent manner amongst the peaceable spectators, would 
have seen that, but for the temper of the officers, and 
presence of the Guards, into how great an inconveniency 
they had engaeed themselves. Nor have they at all to accuse 
any for the ill success which attended, if the French would 
a little reflect upon the several advantages which their 
antagonists had consulted, to equal that by stratagem which 
they themselves had gained by numbers, and might still have 
preserved, with the least of circumspection. 



406 APPENDIX IV 

and Hazlerig in a private treaty with Colonel Whetham^ the 
Grovemor of Portsmouth, for the deliveiy of that garrison 
to them; and Fagg went privately from London to raise 
a regiment in Sussex to promote these designs; but was 
suppressed before he got any considerable number of men 
together. 

^^Mr. Evelvn, not knowing of these intrigues, in vain 
endeavoured by all imaginable ways to communicate the 
Kins^s pleasure to Morley, who was by this time in iht 
gamson of Portsmouth. 

^^But when the Parliament resumed their power, and be 
Itforleyl was placed in the government of the Tower, be 
iBvelyn' thought it emedient to renew the former n^otiatioo 
yetwud them for his Alajesty^s service, and in order theremitOv 
he often by visits made application to him, but could 
but once procure access ; and then he dismissed him 
faint answer, 'That he would shortly wait upon him at hii 
lodging.^ 

'^Tnis put Evelvn into so much passion that he resolved 
to surmount the difficulty of access by writing freely to faimr 
which he did in this manner : — 

*<<To Colonel Morley, Lieutenant of the Towke.* 

*' ' For many obligations, but especially for the 
last testimonies of your confidence in my friendship, begun 

so long since, and conserved so inviohudj 
wi2hiSi\£dSi?^ through so many changes, and in so univ< 
of the Ttower of a decadence of honour, and all that is sa 

London, and to de- , • ^ . . , , , . ^ j 

eurafbrthe King, a amougst men, I comc With this profound 
itod^l'^Sd^wch acknowledgment of the favours you hate 

ISii^edtSJh^^ ^^^T °*^^ and had a great desire to ha^ 
^AtffTMt man de- made this a personal recogmtion and to cod- 
Mon a(iS?.°^***°*^ gratulate your return, and the dignities whidi 

your merits have acquired, and for which none 
does more sincerely rejoice; could I promise myself the 
happiness of finding you in your station at any season 
wherein the Public, and more weighty concernments did 
afibrd you the leisure of receiving a visit from a person » 
inconsiderable as mjrself. 

** ^ But, since I may not hope for that good fortune, and 
such an opportunity of conveying my respects and the great 

* The letter following is taken from Evel3m'8 own copy. 



APPENDIX IV 407 

affections which I owe you, I did presume to transmit this 
express ; and by it, to present you with the worthiest in- 
dications of my zeal to continue in the possession of your 
good graces, by assuring you of my great desires to serve 
you in whatsoever may best conduce to your honour, and 
to a stability of it, beyond all that any future contingencies 
of things can promise : because I am confident that you have 
a nobler prospect upon the success of your designs than to 
prostitute your virtues and your conduct to serve the 

Essions, or avarice of any particular persons whatsoever; 
ing (as you are) free and incontaminate, well-bom, and 
abhorring to dishonour or enrich yourself with the spoils 
which by others have been ravished from our miserable, yet 
dearest country; and which renders them so zealous to 
pursue the ruin of it, by labouring to involve men of the 
oest natures and reputation into their own inextricable 
labyrinths, and to gratify that which ¥rill pay them with so 
much infamy in the event of things, and with so inevitable a 
perdition of their precious souls, when all these uncertainties 
(how specious soever at present) shall vanish and come to 
nothing. 

«« < 'Diere is now. Sir, an opportunity put into your hands, by 
improving whereof you may securely act for the good of your 
country, and the ledemption of it from the insupportEible 
tyranmes, injustice, and impieties under which it has now 
groaned for so many years, through the treachery of many 
wicked, and the mistakes of some few eood men. For by 
this. Sir, you shall best do honour to God, and merit of your 
country; by this you shall secure yourself, and make your 
name great to succeeding aees: by this you shall crown 
yourself with real and lasting dignities. In sum, by this, you 
shall oblige even those whom you may mistake to be your 
greatest enemies, to embrace and cherish you as a person 
becoming the honour of a brave and worthy patriot, and to 
be rewaraed with the noblest expressions of it : when by the 
best interpretations of your cheurity and obedience to the 
dictates oi a Christian, you shall thus heap coals of fire 
upon their head ; and which will at once give Doth light and 
warmth to this afflicted Nation, Church, and People, not to be 
extinguished by any more of lliose impostors wnom God has 
so signally blown off the stage, to place such in their stead, as 
have opportunities given them of restoring us to our ancient 
known laws, native and most happy liberties. — It is this. Sir, 
which I am obliged to wish to encourage you in, and to 



APPENDIX VI 

LETTERS OF JOHN EVELYN AND 
ABRAHAM COWLEY 

From John Eveh/n to Abraham Cowley, 

Sateb-Coubt, I9th Marek, 166^7. 
SlE, 

You had reason to be astonished at the presump- 
tion, not to name it afiront, that I who have so hi^ily cele- 
brated recess, and envied it in others, should become as 
advocate for the enemy, which of all others it abhors and t&a 
from. I conjure you to believe that I am still of the same 
mind, and that there is no person alive who does more 
honour and breathe after the life and repose you so hai^nly 
cultivate and adorn by your example: but, as thoae wbio 
praised dirt, a flea, ana me gout, so have I Public JSmplo^ 
ment in that trifling Essay ,^ and that in so weak a style com- 
pared to my antagonist's, as by that alone it will appear I 
neither was nor could be serious ; and I hope you beuere I 
speak my very soul to you. But I have more to say, which 
will require your kindness. Suppose oiu* good friend ' were 

Sublishmg some eulogies on we Royal Society, and, bv 
educing the original progress and advantages of tneir design, 
would bespeak it some veneration in the world ? Has Mr. 
Cowley no inspirations for it? Would it not hang the 
most heroic wreath about his temples ? Or can he desire a 
nobler or a fuller argument either for the softest airs or the 
loudest echoes, for the smoothest or briskest notes of his 
Pindaric lyre ? 

There oe those who ask. What have the Royal Sodetj 

1 [See ante, p. 268.] ' [Spmt See ante, p. 192 m.] 

418 



APPENDIX VI 419 

done? Where their College? I need not instruct you 
how to answer or confound these persons, who are able to 
make even these inform blocks and stones dance into order, 
and charm them into better sense. Or if their insolence 

!>ress, you are capable to show how they have laid solid 
bundations to perfect all noble arts, and reform all imper- 
fect sciences. It requires an history to recite only the arts, 
the inventions, and phenomena already absolved, improved, 
or opened. In a word, our registers have outdone Pliny, 
Porta, and Alexis, and all the experimentists, nay, the great 
Verulam himself, and have made a nobler and more faithful 
collection of real secrets, useful and instructive, than has 
hitherto been shown. — Sir, we have a library, a repository, 
and an assembly of as worthy and great persons as the world 
has any ; and yet we are' sometimes the subject of satire ^ and 
the songs of the drunkards ; have a king to our founder, and 
yet want a Maecenas ; and above all, a spirit like yours, to 
raise us up benefactors, and to compel them to think the 
design of the Royal Society as worthy of their regards, and 
as capable to eml^dm their names, as the most heroic enter- 
prise, or anjrthing antiquiW has celebrated; and I am 
even amazed at the wretchedness of this age that ac- 
knowledges it no more. But the devil, who was ever 
an enemy to truth, and to such as discover his prestigious 
effects, will never suflPer the promotion of a design so 
destructive to his dominion (which is to fill the world with 
imposture and keep it in ignorance), without the utmost of 
his malice and contradiction. But you have numbers and 
charms that can bind even these spirits of darkness, and 
render their instruments obsequious ; and we know you have 
a divine hymn for us ; the lustre of the Royal Society calls 
for an ode from the best of poets upon the noblest argument. 
To conclude : here you have a field to celebrate the great and 
the good, who either do, or should, favour the most august 
and worthy design that ever was set on foot in the world : 
and those who are our real patrons and friends you can 
eternise, those who are not you can conciliate and inspire to 
do gallant things. — But I will add no more, when I have told 
you with great truth that I am. 

Sir, etc. 

^ [Cf. ante, p. 298. Lord-Keeper North declined to join the Societv 
because it " was made very free with by the ridiculers of the town ' 
(Lives qf the NoHht, 1826, ii. 179).] 



420 APPENDIX VI 

From Abraham Cowley to John Evdyn. 

I am ashamed of the rudeness I have committed 
in deferring so lon^ my hmnble thanks for your obligbg 
letter, whidi I received from you at the begmning of tiie 
last month. My lazmess in finishing the copy of verso 
upon the Royal Societ^) for which I was engaged brfoi« hj 
Mr. Sprat^s aesire, ana encouraged smce by you,^ was tiie 
cause of this delay, having designed to send it to yoa 
enclosed in my letter : but 1 am told now that the Histoiy 
is almost quite printed, and will be published so soon^ that 
it were impertinent labour to write out that which you wiH 
so suddenly see in a better manner, and in the oompany of 
better things. I could not comprdiend in it many of mose 
excellent hmts which you were pleased to give me, nor <le- 
scend to the praises of particular persons, because those 
things afibrd too much matter for one copy of verses, and 
enough for a poem, or the History itself; some part of 
which I have seen, and think you will be very well satisfied 
with it. I took tiie boldness to show him your letter, and 
he says he has not omitted any of those heads, thou^ he 
wants your eloquence in expression. Since I had the hoDoar 
to receive from you the reply to a book written in praise of 
a solitary life,' I have sent all about the town in vain to set 
the author, having very much affection for the subject, whid 
is one of the noblest controversies both modem and ancient; 
and you have dealt so civilly with your adversary, as makes 
him deserve to be looked aher. But I could not meet with 
him, the books being all, it seems, either burnt or bouj^t up. 
If you please to do me the favour to lend it to me, and send it 
to my brother^s house (that was) in the Eing^s Yard^ it shall 
be returned to you within a few days with a humble thanks of 
your most faitmul obedient servant, A. Cowlkt. 



» [Ode "To the Royal Society," Worki, 1721, ii 557-62 (« 
p. 192).] 

* [Sir George Mackenzie's Moral Bewy uoon SoHivde, pr^hria§ U 
to Pubke Emphyment, 1665 (see atUe, p. 268). J 



END OF VOL. II 



Priuttd /^ B. ft R. Clark, Limitbd, BtUmtmrk, 



mmm 



'"^